diff --git a/mindspore/dataset/transforms/py_transforms.py b/mindspore/dataset/transforms/py_transforms.py
index 35608f7d506..0dc1445cdde 100644
--- a/mindspore/dataset/transforms/py_transforms.py
+++ b/mindspore/dataset/transforms/py_transforms.py
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 This module py_transforms is implemented basing on Python. It provides common
 operations including OneHotOp.
 """
-from .validators import check_one_hot_op, check_compose_list, check_random_apply, check_transforms_list
+from .validators import check_one_hot_op, check_compose_list, check_random_apply, check_transforms_list, \
+    check_compose_call
 from . import py_transforms_util as util
 
 
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@ class Compose:
     def __init__(self, transforms):
         self.transforms = transforms
 
+    @check_compose_call
     def __call__(self, img):
         """
         Call method.
diff --git a/mindspore/dataset/transforms/validators.py b/mindspore/dataset/transforms/validators.py
index e1ab9c7394a..d317caf4103 100644
--- a/mindspore/dataset/transforms/validators.py
+++ b/mindspore/dataset/transforms/validators.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 """Validators for TensorOps.
 """
 from functools import wraps
+import inspect
 import numpy as np
 
 from mindspore._c_expression import typing
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ def check_random_transform_ops(method):
 
 
 def check_compose_list(method):
-    """Wrapper method to check the transform list of Compose."""
+    """Wrapper method to check the transform list of Python Compose."""
 
     @wraps(method)
     def new_method(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -212,6 +213,22 @@ def check_compose_list(method):
         type_check(transforms, (list,), transforms)
         if not transforms:
             raise ValueError("transforms list is empty.")
+        return method(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    return new_method
+
+
+def check_compose_call(method):
+    """Wrapper method to check the transform list of Compose."""
+
+    @wraps(method)
+    def new_method(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        sig = inspect.signature(method)
+        ba = sig.bind_partial(method, *args, **kwargs)
+        img = ba.arguments.get("img")
+        if img is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Compose was called without an image. Fix invocation (avoid it being invoked as Compose([...])()).")
 
         return method(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
diff --git a/tests/ut/python/dataset/test_compose.py b/tests/ut/python/dataset/test_compose.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7cb1e675219
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ut/python/dataset/test_compose.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# Copyright 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+
+import pytest
+import mindspore.common.dtype as mstype
+import mindspore.dataset as ds
+import mindspore.dataset.transforms.c_transforms as ops
+import mindspore.dataset.transforms.py_transforms as py_ops
+
+
+def test_compose():
+    """
+    Test C++ and Python Compose Op
+    """
+    ds.config.set_seed(0)
+
+    def test_config(arr, op_list):
+        try:
+            data = ds.NumpySlicesDataset(arr, column_names="col", shuffle=False)
+            data = data.map(input_columns=["col"], operations=op_list)
+            res = []
+            for i in data.create_dict_iterator(output_numpy=True):
+                res.append(i["col"].tolist())
+            return res
+        except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
+            return str(e)
+
+    # Test simple compose with only 1 op, this would generate a warning
+    assert test_config([[1, 0], [3, 4]], ops.Compose([ops.Fill(2)])) == [[2, 2], [2, 2]]
+    # Test 1 column -> 2 columns -> 1 -> 2 -> 1
+    assert test_config([[1, 0]],
+                       ops.Compose([ops.Duplicate(), ops.Concatenate(), ops.Duplicate(), ops.Concatenate()])) \
+           == [[1, 0] * 4]
+    # Test one Python transform followed by a C transform. Type after OneHot is a float (mixed use-case)
+    assert test_config([1, 0], ops.Compose([py_ops.OneHotOp(2), ops.TypeCast(mstype.int32)])) == [[[0, 1]], [[1, 0]]]
+    # Test exceptions.
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as error_info:
+        ops.Compose([1, ops.TypeCast(mstype.int32)])
+    assert "op_list[0] is not a c_transform op (TensorOp) nor a callable pyfunc." in str(error_info.value)
+    # Test empty op list
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as error_info:
+        test_config([1, 0], ops.Compose([]))
+    assert "op_list can not be empty." in str(error_info.value)
+
+    # Test Python compose op
+    assert test_config([1, 0], py_ops.Compose([py_ops.OneHotOp(2)])) == [[[0, 1]], [[1, 0]]]
+    assert test_config([1, 0], py_ops.Compose([py_ops.OneHotOp(2), (lambda x: x + x)])) == [[[0, 2]], [[2, 0]]]
+    # Test nested Python compose op
+    assert test_config([1, 0],
+                       py_ops.Compose([py_ops.Compose([py_ops.OneHotOp(2)]), (lambda x: x + x)])) \
+           == [[[0, 2]], [[2, 0]]]
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as error_info:
+        py_ops.Compose([(lambda x: x + x)])()
+    assert "Compose was called without an image. Fix invocation (avoid it being invoked as Compose([...])())." in str(
+        error_info.value)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_compose()