diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
index bb85c47e064..5d1d15c94d5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # the locked record.
       def lock!(lock = true)
         if persisted?
-          if changed?
+          if has_changes_to_save?
             raise(<<-MSG.squish)
               Locking a record with unpersisted changes is not supported. Use
               `save` to persist the changes, or `reload` to discard them
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/locking_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/locking_test.rb
index 9d047507122..8513edb0aba 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/locking_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/locking_test.rb
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ require "models/bulb"
 require "models/engine"
 require "models/wheel"
 require "models/treasure"
+require "models/frog"
 
 class LockWithoutDefault < ActiveRecord::Base; end
 
@@ -653,6 +654,16 @@ unless in_memory_db?
       end
     end
 
+    def test_locking_in_after_save_callback
+      assert_nothing_raised do
+        frog = ::Frog.create(name: "Old Frog")
+        frog.name = "New Frog"
+        assert_not_deprecated do
+          frog.save!
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     def test_with_lock_commits_transaction
       person = Person.find 1
       person.with_lock do
diff --git a/activerecord/test/models/frog.rb b/activerecord/test/models/frog.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..73601aacdd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/activerecord/test/models/frog.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class Frog < ActiveRecord::Base
+  after_save do
+    with_lock do
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb b/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb
index b9c7d447af7..350113eaab9 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb
@@ -347,6 +347,10 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
     t.string :token
   end
 
+  create_table :frogs, force: true do |t|
+    t.string :name
+  end
+
   create_table :funny_jokes, force: true do |t|
     t.string :name
   end