llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/MisusedMovedObjectChecker.cpp

482 lines
17 KiB
C++

// MisusedMovedObjectChecker.cpp - Check use of moved-from objects. - C++ -===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This defines checker which checks for potential misuses of a moved-from
// object. That means method calls on the object or copying it in moved-from
// state.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "ClangSACheckers.h"
#include "clang/AST/ExprCXX.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CallEvent.h"
#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h"
using namespace clang;
using namespace ento;
namespace {
struct RegionState {
private:
enum Kind { Moved, Reported } K;
RegionState(Kind InK) : K(InK) {}
public:
bool isReported() const { return K == Reported; }
bool isMoved() const { return K == Moved; }
static RegionState getReported() { return RegionState(Reported); }
static RegionState getMoved() { return RegionState(Moved); }
bool operator==(const RegionState &X) const { return K == X.K; }
void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) const { ID.AddInteger(K); }
};
class MisusedMovedObjectChecker
: public Checker<check::PreCall, check::PostCall, check::EndFunction,
check::DeadSymbols, check::RegionChanges> {
public:
void checkEndFunction(CheckerContext &C) const;
void checkPreCall(const CallEvent &MC, CheckerContext &C) const;
void checkPostCall(const CallEvent &MC, CheckerContext &C) const;
void checkDeadSymbols(SymbolReaper &SR, CheckerContext &C) const;
ProgramStateRef
checkRegionChanges(ProgramStateRef State,
const InvalidatedSymbols *Invalidated,
ArrayRef<const MemRegion *> ExplicitRegions,
ArrayRef<const MemRegion *> Regions,
const LocationContext *LCtx, const CallEvent *Call) const;
private:
class MovedBugVisitor : public BugReporterVisitorImpl<MovedBugVisitor> {
public:
MovedBugVisitor(const MemRegion *R) : Region(R), Found(false) {}
void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) const override {
static int X = 0;
ID.AddPointer(&X);
ID.AddPointer(Region);
}
std::shared_ptr<PathDiagnosticPiece> VisitNode(const ExplodedNode *N,
const ExplodedNode *PrevN,
BugReporterContext &BRC,
BugReport &BR) override;
private:
// The tracked region.
const MemRegion *Region;
bool Found;
};
mutable std::unique_ptr<BugType> BT;
ExplodedNode *reportBug(const MemRegion *Region, const CallEvent &Call,
CheckerContext &C, bool isCopy) const;
bool isInMoveSafeContext(const LocationContext *LC) const;
bool isStateResetMethod(const CXXMethodDecl *MethodDec) const;
bool isMoveSafeMethod(const CXXMethodDecl *MethodDec) const;
const ExplodedNode *getMoveLocation(const ExplodedNode *N,
const MemRegion *Region,
CheckerContext &C) const;
};
} // end anonymous namespace
REGISTER_MAP_WITH_PROGRAMSTATE(TrackedRegionMap, const MemRegion *, RegionState)
// If a region is removed all of the subregions needs to be removed too.
static ProgramStateRef removeFromState(ProgramStateRef State,
const MemRegion *Region) {
if (!Region)
return State;
// Note: The isSubRegionOf function is not reflexive.
State = State->remove<TrackedRegionMap>(Region);
for (auto &E : State->get<TrackedRegionMap>()) {
if (E.first->isSubRegionOf(Region))
State = State->remove<TrackedRegionMap>(E.first);
}
return State;
}
static bool isAnyBaseRegionReported(ProgramStateRef State,
const MemRegion *Region) {
for (auto &E : State->get<TrackedRegionMap>()) {
if (Region->isSubRegionOf(E.first) && E.second.isReported())
return true;
}
return false;
}
std::shared_ptr<PathDiagnosticPiece>
MisusedMovedObjectChecker::MovedBugVisitor::VisitNode(const ExplodedNode *N,
const ExplodedNode *PrevN,
BugReporterContext &BRC,
BugReport &BR) {
// We need only the last move of the reported object's region.
// The visitor walks the ExplodedGraph backwards.
if (Found)
return nullptr;
ProgramStateRef State = N->getState();
ProgramStateRef StatePrev = PrevN->getState();
const RegionState *TrackedObject = State->get<TrackedRegionMap>(Region);
const RegionState *TrackedObjectPrev =
StatePrev->get<TrackedRegionMap>(Region);
if (!TrackedObject)
return nullptr;
if (TrackedObjectPrev && TrackedObject)
return nullptr;
// Retrieve the associated statement.
const Stmt *S = PathDiagnosticLocation::getStmt(N);
if (!S)
return nullptr;
Found = true;
std::string ObjectName;
if (const auto DecReg = Region->getAs<DeclRegion>()) {
const auto *RegionDecl = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(DecReg->getDecl());
ObjectName = RegionDecl->getNameAsString();
}
std::string InfoText;
if (ObjectName != "")
InfoText = "'" + ObjectName + "' became 'moved-from' here";
else
InfoText = "Became 'moved-from' here";
// Generate the extra diagnostic.
PathDiagnosticLocation Pos(S, BRC.getSourceManager(),
N->getLocationContext());
return std::make_shared<PathDiagnosticEventPiece>(Pos, InfoText, true);
}
const ExplodedNode *MisusedMovedObjectChecker::getMoveLocation(
const ExplodedNode *N, const MemRegion *Region, CheckerContext &C) const {
// Walk the ExplodedGraph backwards and find the first node that referred to
// the tracked region.
const ExplodedNode *MoveNode = N;
while (N) {
ProgramStateRef State = N->getState();
if (!State->get<TrackedRegionMap>(Region))
break;
MoveNode = N;
N = N->pred_empty() ? nullptr : *(N->pred_begin());
}
return MoveNode;
}
ExplodedNode *MisusedMovedObjectChecker::reportBug(const MemRegion *Region,
const CallEvent &Call,
CheckerContext &C,
bool isCopy = false) const {
if (ExplodedNode *N = C.generateNonFatalErrorNode()) {
if (!BT)
BT.reset(new BugType(this, "Usage of a 'moved-from' object",
"C++ move semantics"));
// Uniqueing report to the same object.
PathDiagnosticLocation LocUsedForUniqueing;
const ExplodedNode *MoveNode = getMoveLocation(N, Region, C);
if (const Stmt *MoveStmt = PathDiagnosticLocation::getStmt(MoveNode))
LocUsedForUniqueing = PathDiagnosticLocation::createBegin(
MoveStmt, C.getSourceManager(), MoveNode->getLocationContext());
// Creating the error message.
std::string ErrorMessage;
if (isCopy)
ErrorMessage = "Copying a 'moved-from' object";
else
ErrorMessage = "Method call on a 'moved-from' object";
if (const auto DecReg = Region->getAs<DeclRegion>()) {
const auto *RegionDecl = dyn_cast<NamedDecl>(DecReg->getDecl());
ErrorMessage += " '" + RegionDecl->getNameAsString() + "'";
}
auto R =
llvm::make_unique<BugReport>(*BT, ErrorMessage, N, LocUsedForUniqueing,
MoveNode->getLocationContext()->getDecl());
R->addVisitor(llvm::make_unique<MovedBugVisitor>(Region));
C.emitReport(std::move(R));
return N;
}
return nullptr;
}
// Removing the function parameters' MemRegion from the state. This is needed
// for PODs where the trivial destructor does not even created nor executed.
void MisusedMovedObjectChecker::checkEndFunction(CheckerContext &C) const {
auto State = C.getState();
TrackedRegionMapTy Objects = State->get<TrackedRegionMap>();
if (Objects.isEmpty())
return;
auto LC = C.getLocationContext();
const auto LD = dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionDecl>(LC->getDecl());
if (!LD)
return;
llvm::SmallSet<const MemRegion *, 8> InvalidRegions;
for (auto Param : LD->parameters()) {
auto Type = Param->getType().getTypePtrOrNull();
if (!Type)
continue;
if (!Type->isPointerType() && !Type->isReferenceType()) {
InvalidRegions.insert(State->getLValue(Param, LC).getAsRegion());
}
}
if (InvalidRegions.empty())
return;
for (const auto &E : State->get<TrackedRegionMap>()) {
if (InvalidRegions.count(E.first->getBaseRegion()))
State = State->remove<TrackedRegionMap>(E.first);
}
C.addTransition(State);
}
void MisusedMovedObjectChecker::checkPostCall(const CallEvent &Call,
CheckerContext &C) const {
const auto *AFC = dyn_cast<AnyFunctionCall>(&Call);
if (!AFC)
return;
ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
const auto MethodDecl = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXMethodDecl>(AFC->getDecl());
if (!MethodDecl)
return;
const auto *ConstructorDecl = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(MethodDecl);
const auto *CC = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXConstructorCall>(&Call);
// Check if an object became moved-from.
// Object can become moved from after a call to move assignment operator or
// move constructor .
if (ConstructorDecl && !ConstructorDecl->isMoveConstructor())
return;
if (!ConstructorDecl && !MethodDecl->isMoveAssignmentOperator())
return;
const auto ArgRegion = AFC->getArgSVal(0).getAsRegion();
if (!ArgRegion)
return;
// Skip moving the object to itself.
if (CC && CC->getCXXThisVal().getAsRegion() == ArgRegion)
return;
if (const auto *IC = dyn_cast<CXXInstanceCall>(AFC))
if (IC->getCXXThisVal().getAsRegion() == ArgRegion)
return;
const MemRegion *BaseRegion = ArgRegion->getBaseRegion();
// Skip temp objects because of their short lifetime.
if (BaseRegion->getAs<CXXTempObjectRegion>() ||
AFC->getArgExpr(0)->isRValue())
return;
// If it has already been reported do not need to modify the state.
if (State->get<TrackedRegionMap>(ArgRegion))
return;
// Mark object as moved-from.
State = State->set<TrackedRegionMap>(ArgRegion, RegionState::getMoved());
C.addTransition(State);
}
bool MisusedMovedObjectChecker::isMoveSafeMethod(
const CXXMethodDecl *MethodDec) const {
// We abandon the cases where bool/void/void* conversion happens.
if (const auto *ConversionDec =
dyn_cast_or_null<CXXConversionDecl>(MethodDec)) {
const Type *Tp = ConversionDec->getConversionType().getTypePtrOrNull();
if (!Tp)
return false;
if (Tp->isBooleanType() || Tp->isVoidType() || Tp->isVoidPointerType())
return true;
}
// Function call `empty` can be skipped.
if (MethodDec && MethodDec->getDeclName().isIdentifier() &&
(MethodDec->getName().lower() == "empty" ||
MethodDec->getName().lower() == "isempty"))
return true;
return false;
}
bool MisusedMovedObjectChecker::isStateResetMethod(
const CXXMethodDecl *MethodDec) const {
if (MethodDec && MethodDec->getDeclName().isIdentifier()) {
std::string MethodName = MethodDec->getName().lower();
if (MethodName == "reset" || MethodName == "clear" ||
MethodName == "destroy")
return true;
}
return false;
}
// Don't report an error inside a move related operation.
// We assume that the programmer knows what she does.
bool MisusedMovedObjectChecker::isInMoveSafeContext(
const LocationContext *LC) const {
do {
const auto *CtxDec = LC->getDecl();
auto *CtorDec = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXConstructorDecl>(CtxDec);
auto *DtorDec = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXDestructorDecl>(CtxDec);
auto *MethodDec = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXMethodDecl>(CtxDec);
if (DtorDec || (CtorDec && CtorDec->isCopyOrMoveConstructor()) ||
(MethodDec && MethodDec->isOverloadedOperator() &&
MethodDec->getOverloadedOperator() == OO_Equal) ||
isStateResetMethod(MethodDec) || isMoveSafeMethod(MethodDec))
return true;
} while ((LC = LC->getParent()));
return false;
}
void MisusedMovedObjectChecker::checkPreCall(const CallEvent &Call,
CheckerContext &C) const {
ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
const LocationContext *LC = C.getLocationContext();
ExplodedNode *N = nullptr;
// Remove the MemRegions from the map on which a ctor/dtor call or assignement
// happened.
// Checking constructor calls.
if (const auto *CC = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorCall>(&Call)) {
State = removeFromState(State, CC->getCXXThisVal().getAsRegion());
auto CtorDec = CC->getDecl();
// Check for copying a moved-from object and report the bug.
if (CtorDec && CtorDec->isCopyOrMoveConstructor()) {
const MemRegion *ArgRegion = CC->getArgSVal(0).getAsRegion();
const RegionState *ArgState = State->get<TrackedRegionMap>(ArgRegion);
if (ArgState && ArgState->isMoved()) {
if (!isInMoveSafeContext(LC)) {
N = reportBug(ArgRegion, Call, C, /*isCopy=*/true);
State = State->set<TrackedRegionMap>(ArgRegion,
RegionState::getReported());
}
}
}
C.addTransition(State, N);
return;
}
const auto IC = dyn_cast<CXXInstanceCall>(&Call);
if (!IC)
return;
// In case of destructor call we do not track the object anymore.
const MemRegion *ThisRegion = IC->getCXXThisVal().getAsRegion();
if (dyn_cast_or_null<CXXDestructorDecl>(Call.getDecl())) {
State = removeFromState(State, IC->getCXXThisVal().getAsRegion());
C.addTransition(State);
return;
}
const auto MethodDecl = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXMethodDecl>(IC->getDecl());
if (!MethodDecl)
return;
// Checking assignment operators.
bool OperatorEq = MethodDecl->isOverloadedOperator() &&
MethodDecl->getOverloadedOperator() == OO_Equal;
// Remove the tracked object for every assignment operator, but report bug
// only for move or copy assignment's argument.
if (OperatorEq) {
State = removeFromState(State, ThisRegion);
if (MethodDecl->isCopyAssignmentOperator() ||
MethodDecl->isMoveAssignmentOperator()) {
const RegionState *ArgState =
State->get<TrackedRegionMap>(IC->getArgSVal(0).getAsRegion());
if (ArgState && ArgState->isMoved() && !isInMoveSafeContext(LC)) {
const MemRegion *ArgRegion = IC->getArgSVal(0).getAsRegion();
N = reportBug(ArgRegion, Call, C, /*isCopy=*/true);
State =
State->set<TrackedRegionMap>(ArgRegion, RegionState::getReported());
}
}
C.addTransition(State, N);
return;
}
// The remaining part is check only for method call on a moved-from object.
if (isMoveSafeMethod(MethodDecl))
return;
if (isStateResetMethod(MethodDecl)) {
State = State->remove<TrackedRegionMap>(ThisRegion);
C.addTransition(State);
return;
}
// If it is already reported then we dont report the bug again.
const RegionState *ThisState = State->get<TrackedRegionMap>(ThisRegion);
if (!(ThisState && ThisState->isMoved()))
return;
// Dont report it in case if any base region is already reported
if (isAnyBaseRegionReported(State, ThisRegion))
return;
if (isInMoveSafeContext(LC))
return;
N = reportBug(ThisRegion, Call, C);
State = State->set<TrackedRegionMap>(ThisRegion, RegionState::getReported());
C.addTransition(State, N);
}
void MisusedMovedObjectChecker::checkDeadSymbols(SymbolReaper &SymReaper,
CheckerContext &C) const {
ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
TrackedRegionMapTy TrackedRegions = State->get<TrackedRegionMap>();
for (TrackedRegionMapTy::value_type E : TrackedRegions) {
const MemRegion *Region = E.first;
bool IsRegDead = !SymReaper.isLiveRegion(Region);
// Remove the dead regions from the region map.
if (IsRegDead) {
State = State->remove<TrackedRegionMap>(Region);
}
}
C.addTransition(State);
}
ProgramStateRef MisusedMovedObjectChecker::checkRegionChanges(
ProgramStateRef State, const InvalidatedSymbols *Invalidated,
ArrayRef<const MemRegion *> ExplicitRegions,
ArrayRef<const MemRegion *> Regions, const LocationContext *LCtx,
const CallEvent *Call) const {
// In case of an InstanceCall don't remove the ThisRegion from the GDM since
// it is handled in checkPreCall and checkPostCall.
const MemRegion *ThisRegion = nullptr;
if (const auto *IC = dyn_cast_or_null<CXXInstanceCall>(Call)) {
ThisRegion = IC->getCXXThisVal().getAsRegion();
}
for (ArrayRef<const MemRegion *>::iterator I = ExplicitRegions.begin(),
E = ExplicitRegions.end();
I != E; ++I) {
const auto *Region = *I;
if (ThisRegion != Region) {
State = removeFromState(State, Region);
}
}
return State;
}
void ento::registerMisusedMovedObjectChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) {
mgr.registerChecker<MisusedMovedObjectChecker>();
}