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llvm-project/llvm/lib/Target/X86/X86MCCodeEmitter.cpp

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//===-- X86/X86MCCodeEmitter.cpp - Convert X86 code to machine code -------===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file implements the X86MCCodeEmitter class.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#define DEBUG_TYPE "x86-emitter"
#include "X86.h"
#include "X86InstrInfo.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCCodeEmitter.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCInst.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
using namespace llvm;
// FIXME: This should move to a header.
namespace llvm {
namespace X86 {
enum Fixups {
reloc_pcrel_4byte = FirstTargetFixupKind, // 32-bit pcrel, e.g. a branch.
reloc_pcrel_1byte // 8-bit pcrel, e.g. branch_1
};
}
}
namespace {
class X86MCCodeEmitter : public MCCodeEmitter {
X86MCCodeEmitter(const X86MCCodeEmitter &); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
void operator=(const X86MCCodeEmitter &); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
const TargetMachine &TM;
const TargetInstrInfo &TII;
bool Is64BitMode;
public:
X86MCCodeEmitter(TargetMachine &tm, bool is64Bit)
: TM(tm), TII(*TM.getInstrInfo()) {
Is64BitMode = is64Bit;
}
~X86MCCodeEmitter() {}
unsigned getNumFixupKinds() const {
return 2;
}
const MCFixupKindInfo &getFixupKindInfo(MCFixupKind Kind) const {
const static MCFixupKindInfo Infos[] = {
{ "reloc_pcrel_4byte", 0, 4 * 8 },
{ "reloc_pcrel_1byte", 0, 1 * 8 }
};
if (Kind < FirstTargetFixupKind)
return MCCodeEmitter::getFixupKindInfo(Kind);
assert(unsigned(Kind - FirstTargetFixupKind) < getNumFixupKinds() &&
"Invalid kind!");
return Infos[Kind - FirstTargetFixupKind];
}
static unsigned GetX86RegNum(const MCOperand &MO) {
return X86RegisterInfo::getX86RegNum(MO.getReg());
}
void EmitByte(unsigned char C, unsigned &CurByte, raw_ostream &OS) const {
OS << (char)C;
++CurByte;
}
void EmitConstant(uint64_t Val, unsigned Size, unsigned &CurByte,
raw_ostream &OS) const {
// Output the constant in little endian byte order.
for (unsigned i = 0; i != Size; ++i) {
EmitByte(Val & 255, CurByte, OS);
Val >>= 8;
}
}
void EmitImmediate(const MCOperand &Disp,
unsigned ImmSize, MCFixupKind FixupKind,
unsigned &CurByte, raw_ostream &OS,
SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups) const;
inline static unsigned char ModRMByte(unsigned Mod, unsigned RegOpcode,
unsigned RM) {
assert(Mod < 4 && RegOpcode < 8 && RM < 8 && "ModRM Fields out of range!");
return RM | (RegOpcode << 3) | (Mod << 6);
}
void EmitRegModRMByte(const MCOperand &ModRMReg, unsigned RegOpcodeFld,
unsigned &CurByte, raw_ostream &OS) const {
EmitByte(ModRMByte(3, RegOpcodeFld, GetX86RegNum(ModRMReg)), CurByte, OS);
}
void EmitSIBByte(unsigned SS, unsigned Index, unsigned Base,
unsigned &CurByte, raw_ostream &OS) const {
// SIB byte is in the same format as the ModRMByte.
EmitByte(ModRMByte(SS, Index, Base), CurByte, OS);
}
void EmitMemModRMByte(const MCInst &MI, unsigned Op,
unsigned RegOpcodeField,
unsigned &CurByte, raw_ostream &OS,
SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups) const;
void EncodeInstruction(const MCInst &MI, raw_ostream &OS,
SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups) const;
};
} // end anonymous namespace
MCCodeEmitter *llvm::createX86_32MCCodeEmitter(const Target &,
TargetMachine &TM) {
return new X86MCCodeEmitter(TM, false);
}
MCCodeEmitter *llvm::createX86_64MCCodeEmitter(const Target &,
TargetMachine &TM) {
return new X86MCCodeEmitter(TM, true);
}
/// isDisp8 - Return true if this signed displacement fits in a 8-bit
/// sign-extended field.
static bool isDisp8(int Value) {
return Value == (signed char)Value;
}
/// getImmFixupKind - Return the appropriate fixup kind to use for an immediate
/// in an instruction with the specified TSFlags.
static MCFixupKind getImmFixupKind(unsigned TSFlags) {
unsigned Size = X86II::getSizeOfImm(TSFlags);
bool isPCRel = X86II::isImmPCRel(TSFlags);
switch (Size) {
default: assert(0 && "Unknown immediate size");
case 1: return isPCRel ? MCFixupKind(X86::reloc_pcrel_1byte) : FK_Data_1;
case 4: return isPCRel ? MCFixupKind(X86::reloc_pcrel_4byte) : FK_Data_4;
case 2: assert(!isPCRel); return FK_Data_2;
case 8: assert(!isPCRel); return FK_Data_8;
}
}
void X86MCCodeEmitter::
EmitImmediate(const MCOperand &DispOp, unsigned Size, MCFixupKind FixupKind,
unsigned &CurByte, raw_ostream &OS,
SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups) const {
// If this is a simple integer displacement that doesn't require a relocation,
// emit it now.
if (DispOp.isImm()) {
EmitConstant(DispOp.getImm(), Size, CurByte, OS);
return;
}
// Emit a symbolic constant as a fixup and 4 zeros.
Fixups.push_back(MCFixup::Create(CurByte, DispOp.getExpr(), FixupKind));
EmitConstant(0, Size, CurByte, OS);
}
void X86MCCodeEmitter::EmitMemModRMByte(const MCInst &MI, unsigned Op,
unsigned RegOpcodeField,
unsigned &CurByte,
raw_ostream &OS,
SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups) const{
const MCOperand &Disp = MI.getOperand(Op+3);
const MCOperand &Base = MI.getOperand(Op);
const MCOperand &Scale = MI.getOperand(Op+1);
const MCOperand &IndexReg = MI.getOperand(Op+2);
unsigned BaseReg = Base.getReg();
// Handle %rip relative addressing.
if (BaseReg == X86::RIP) { // [disp32+RIP] in X86-64 mode
assert(IndexReg.getReg() == 0 && Is64BitMode &&
"Invalid rip-relative address");
EmitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 5), CurByte, OS);
EmitImmediate(Disp, 4, FK_Data_4, CurByte, OS, Fixups);
return;
}
unsigned BaseRegNo = BaseReg ? GetX86RegNum(Base) : -1U;
// Determine whether a SIB byte is needed.
// If no BaseReg, issue a RIP relative instruction only if the MCE can
// resolve addresses on-the-fly, otherwise use SIB (Intel Manual 2A, table
// 2-7) and absolute references.
if (// The SIB byte must be used if there is an index register.
IndexReg.getReg() == 0 &&
// The SIB byte must be used if the base is ESP/RSP/R12, all of which
// encode to an R/M value of 4, which indicates that a SIB byte is
// present.
BaseRegNo != N86::ESP &&
// If there is no base register and we're in 64-bit mode, we need a SIB
// byte to emit an addr that is just 'disp32' (the non-RIP relative form).
(!Is64BitMode || BaseReg != 0)) {
if (BaseReg == 0) { // [disp32] in X86-32 mode
EmitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 5), CurByte, OS);
EmitImmediate(Disp, 4, FK_Data_4, CurByte, OS, Fixups);
return;
}
// If the base is not EBP/ESP and there is no displacement, use simple
// indirect register encoding, this handles addresses like [EAX]. The
// encoding for [EBP] with no displacement means [disp32] so we handle it
// by emitting a displacement of 0 below.
if (Disp.isImm() && Disp.getImm() == 0 && BaseRegNo != N86::EBP) {
EmitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, BaseRegNo), CurByte, OS);
return;
}
// Otherwise, if the displacement fits in a byte, encode as [REG+disp8].
if (Disp.isImm() && isDisp8(Disp.getImm())) {
EmitByte(ModRMByte(1, RegOpcodeField, BaseRegNo), CurByte, OS);
EmitImmediate(Disp, 1, FK_Data_1, CurByte, OS, Fixups);
return;
}
// Otherwise, emit the most general non-SIB encoding: [REG+disp32]
EmitByte(ModRMByte(2, RegOpcodeField, BaseRegNo), CurByte, OS);
EmitImmediate(Disp, 4, FK_Data_4, CurByte, OS, Fixups);
return;
}
// We need a SIB byte, so start by outputting the ModR/M byte first
assert(IndexReg.getReg() != X86::ESP &&
IndexReg.getReg() != X86::RSP && "Cannot use ESP as index reg!");
bool ForceDisp32 = false;
bool ForceDisp8 = false;
if (BaseReg == 0) {
// If there is no base register, we emit the special case SIB byte with
// MOD=0, BASE=5, to JUST get the index, scale, and displacement.
EmitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 4), CurByte, OS);
ForceDisp32 = true;
} else if (!Disp.isImm()) {
// Emit the normal disp32 encoding.
EmitByte(ModRMByte(2, RegOpcodeField, 4), CurByte, OS);
ForceDisp32 = true;
} else if (Disp.getImm() == 0 && BaseReg != X86::EBP) {
// Emit no displacement ModR/M byte
EmitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 4), CurByte, OS);
} else if (isDisp8(Disp.getImm())) {
// Emit the disp8 encoding.
EmitByte(ModRMByte(1, RegOpcodeField, 4), CurByte, OS);
ForceDisp8 = true; // Make sure to force 8 bit disp if Base=EBP
} else {
// Emit the normal disp32 encoding.
EmitByte(ModRMByte(2, RegOpcodeField, 4), CurByte, OS);
}
// Calculate what the SS field value should be...
static const unsigned SSTable[] = { ~0, 0, 1, ~0, 2, ~0, ~0, ~0, 3 };
unsigned SS = SSTable[Scale.getImm()];
if (BaseReg == 0) {
// Handle the SIB byte for the case where there is no base, see Intel
// Manual 2A, table 2-7. The displacement has already been output.
unsigned IndexRegNo;
if (IndexReg.getReg())
IndexRegNo = GetX86RegNum(IndexReg);
else // Examples: [ESP+1*<noreg>+4] or [scaled idx]+disp32 (MOD=0,BASE=5)
IndexRegNo = 4;
EmitSIBByte(SS, IndexRegNo, 5, CurByte, OS);
} else {
unsigned IndexRegNo;
if (IndexReg.getReg())
IndexRegNo = GetX86RegNum(IndexReg);
else
IndexRegNo = 4; // For example [ESP+1*<noreg>+4]
EmitSIBByte(SS, IndexRegNo, GetX86RegNum(Base), CurByte, OS);
}
// Do we need to output a displacement?
if (ForceDisp8)
EmitImmediate(Disp, 1, FK_Data_1, CurByte, OS, Fixups);
else if (ForceDisp32 || Disp.getImm() != 0)
EmitImmediate(Disp, 4, FK_Data_4, CurByte, OS, Fixups);
}
/// DetermineREXPrefix - Determine if the MCInst has to be encoded with a X86-64
/// REX prefix which specifies 1) 64-bit instructions, 2) non-default operand
/// size, and 3) use of X86-64 extended registers.
static unsigned DetermineREXPrefix(const MCInst &MI, unsigned TSFlags,
const TargetInstrDesc &Desc) {
// Pseudo instructions shouldn't get here.
assert((TSFlags & X86II::FormMask) != X86II::Pseudo &&
"Can't encode pseudo instrs");
unsigned REX = 0;
if (TSFlags & X86II::REX_W)
REX |= 1 << 3;
if (MI.getNumOperands() == 0) return REX;
unsigned NumOps = MI.getNumOperands();
// FIXME: MCInst should explicitize the two-addrness.
bool isTwoAddr = NumOps > 1 &&
Desc.getOperandConstraint(1, TOI::TIED_TO) != -1;
// If it accesses SPL, BPL, SIL, or DIL, then it requires a 0x40 REX prefix.
unsigned i = isTwoAddr ? 1 : 0;
for (; i != NumOps; ++i) {
const MCOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(i);
if (!MO.isReg()) continue;
unsigned Reg = MO.getReg();
if (!X86InstrInfo::isX86_64NonExtLowByteReg(Reg)) continue;
// FIXME: The caller of DetermineREXPrefix slaps this prefix onto anything
// that returns non-zero.
REX |= 0x40;
break;
}
switch (TSFlags & X86II::FormMask) {
case X86II::MRMInitReg: assert(0 && "FIXME: Remove this!");
case X86II::MRMSrcReg:
if (MI.getOperand(0).isReg() &&
X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MI.getOperand(0).getReg()))
REX |= 1 << 2;
i = isTwoAddr ? 2 : 1;
for (; i != NumOps; ++i) {
const MCOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(i);
if (MO.isReg() && X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MO.getReg()))
REX |= 1 << 0;
}
break;
case X86II::MRMSrcMem: {
if (MI.getOperand(0).isReg() &&
X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MI.getOperand(0).getReg()))
REX |= 1 << 2;
unsigned Bit = 0;
i = isTwoAddr ? 2 : 1;
for (; i != NumOps; ++i) {
const MCOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(i);
if (MO.isReg()) {
if (X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MO.getReg()))
REX |= 1 << Bit;
Bit++;
}
}
break;
}
case X86II::MRM0m: case X86II::MRM1m:
case X86II::MRM2m: case X86II::MRM3m:
case X86II::MRM4m: case X86II::MRM5m:
case X86II::MRM6m: case X86II::MRM7m:
case X86II::MRMDestMem: {
unsigned e = (isTwoAddr ? X86AddrNumOperands+1 : X86AddrNumOperands);
i = isTwoAddr ? 1 : 0;
if (NumOps > e && MI.getOperand(e).isReg() &&
X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MI.getOperand(e).getReg()))
REX |= 1 << 2;
unsigned Bit = 0;
for (; i != e; ++i) {
const MCOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(i);
if (MO.isReg()) {
if (X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MO.getReg()))
REX |= 1 << Bit;
Bit++;
}
}
break;
}
default:
if (MI.getOperand(0).isReg() &&
X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MI.getOperand(0).getReg()))
REX |= 1 << 0;
i = isTwoAddr ? 2 : 1;
for (unsigned e = NumOps; i != e; ++i) {
const MCOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(i);
if (MO.isReg() && X86InstrInfo::isX86_64ExtendedReg(MO.getReg()))
REX |= 1 << 2;
}
break;
}
return REX;
}
void X86MCCodeEmitter::
EncodeInstruction(const MCInst &MI, raw_ostream &OS,
SmallVectorImpl<MCFixup> &Fixups) const {
unsigned Opcode = MI.getOpcode();
const TargetInstrDesc &Desc = TII.get(Opcode);
unsigned TSFlags = Desc.TSFlags;
// Keep track of the current byte being emitted.
unsigned CurByte = 0;
// FIXME: We should emit the prefixes in exactly the same order as GAS does,
// in order to provide diffability.
// Emit the lock opcode prefix as needed.
if (TSFlags & X86II::LOCK)
EmitByte(0xF0, CurByte, OS);
// Emit segment override opcode prefix as needed.
switch (TSFlags & X86II::SegOvrMask) {
default: assert(0 && "Invalid segment!");
case 0: break; // No segment override!
case X86II::FS:
EmitByte(0x64, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::GS:
EmitByte(0x65, CurByte, OS);
break;
}
// Emit the repeat opcode prefix as needed.
if ((TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask) == X86II::REP)
EmitByte(0xF3, CurByte, OS);
// Emit the operand size opcode prefix as needed.
if (TSFlags & X86II::OpSize)
EmitByte(0x66, CurByte, OS);
// Emit the address size opcode prefix as needed.
if (TSFlags & X86II::AdSize)
EmitByte(0x67, CurByte, OS);
bool Need0FPrefix = false;
switch (TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask) {
default: assert(0 && "Invalid prefix!");
case 0: break; // No prefix!
case X86II::REP: break; // already handled.
case X86II::TB: // Two-byte opcode prefix
case X86II::T8: // 0F 38
case X86II::TA: // 0F 3A
Need0FPrefix = true;
break;
case X86II::TF: // F2 0F 38
EmitByte(0xF2, CurByte, OS);
Need0FPrefix = true;
break;
case X86II::XS: // F3 0F
EmitByte(0xF3, CurByte, OS);
Need0FPrefix = true;
break;
case X86II::XD: // F2 0F
EmitByte(0xF2, CurByte, OS);
Need0FPrefix = true;
break;
case X86II::D8: EmitByte(0xD8, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::D9: EmitByte(0xD9, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::DA: EmitByte(0xDA, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::DB: EmitByte(0xDB, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::DC: EmitByte(0xDC, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::DD: EmitByte(0xDD, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::DE: EmitByte(0xDE, CurByte, OS); break;
case X86II::DF: EmitByte(0xDF, CurByte, OS); break;
}
// Handle REX prefix.
// FIXME: Can this come before F2 etc to simplify emission?
if (Is64BitMode) {
if (unsigned REX = DetermineREXPrefix(MI, TSFlags, Desc))
EmitByte(0x40 | REX, CurByte, OS);
}
// 0x0F escape code must be emitted just before the opcode.
if (Need0FPrefix)
EmitByte(0x0F, CurByte, OS);
// FIXME: Pull this up into previous switch if REX can be moved earlier.
switch (TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask) {
case X86II::TF: // F2 0F 38
case X86II::T8: // 0F 38
EmitByte(0x38, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::TA: // 0F 3A
EmitByte(0x3A, CurByte, OS);
break;
}
// If this is a two-address instruction, skip one of the register operands.
unsigned NumOps = Desc.getNumOperands();
unsigned CurOp = 0;
if (NumOps > 1 && Desc.getOperandConstraint(1, TOI::TIED_TO) != -1)
++CurOp;
else if (NumOps > 2 && Desc.getOperandConstraint(NumOps-1, TOI::TIED_TO)== 0)
// Skip the last source operand that is tied_to the dest reg. e.g. LXADD32
--NumOps;
unsigned char BaseOpcode = X86II::getBaseOpcodeFor(TSFlags);
switch (TSFlags & X86II::FormMask) {
case X86II::MRMInitReg:
assert(0 && "FIXME: Remove this form when the JIT moves to MCCodeEmitter!");
default: errs() << "FORM: " << (TSFlags & X86II::FormMask) << "\n";
assert(0 && "Unknown FormMask value in X86MCCodeEmitter!");
case X86II::RawFrm:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::AddRegFrm:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode + GetX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp++)), CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::MRMDestReg:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp),
GetX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp+1)), CurByte, OS);
CurOp += 2;
break;
case X86II::MRMDestMem:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitMemModRMByte(MI, CurOp,
GetX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp + X86AddrNumOperands)),
CurByte, OS, Fixups);
CurOp += X86AddrNumOperands + 1;
break;
case X86II::MRMSrcReg:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp+1), GetX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp)),
CurByte, OS);
CurOp += 2;
break;
case X86II::MRMSrcMem: {
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
// FIXME: Maybe lea should have its own form? This is a horrible hack.
int AddrOperands;
if (Opcode == X86::LEA64r || Opcode == X86::LEA64_32r ||
Opcode == X86::LEA16r || Opcode == X86::LEA32r)
AddrOperands = X86AddrNumOperands - 1; // No segment register
else
AddrOperands = X86AddrNumOperands;
EmitMemModRMByte(MI, CurOp+1, GetX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp)),
CurByte, OS, Fixups);
CurOp += AddrOperands + 1;
break;
}
case X86II::MRM0r: case X86II::MRM1r:
case X86II::MRM2r: case X86II::MRM3r:
case X86II::MRM4r: case X86II::MRM5r:
case X86II::MRM6r: case X86II::MRM7r:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
// Special handling of lfence, mfence, monitor, and mwait.
// FIXME: This is terrible, they should get proper encoding bits in TSFlags.
if (Opcode == X86::LFENCE || Opcode == X86::MFENCE ||
Opcode == X86::MONITOR || Opcode == X86::MWAIT) {
EmitByte(ModRMByte(3, (TSFlags & X86II::FormMask)-X86II::MRM0r,
Opcode == X86::MWAIT),
CurByte, OS);
} else {
EmitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp++),
(TSFlags & X86II::FormMask)-X86II::MRM0r,
CurByte, OS);
}
break;
case X86II::MRM0m: case X86II::MRM1m:
case X86II::MRM2m: case X86II::MRM3m:
case X86II::MRM4m: case X86II::MRM5m:
case X86II::MRM6m: case X86II::MRM7m:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitMemModRMByte(MI, CurOp, (TSFlags & X86II::FormMask)-X86II::MRM0m,
CurByte, OS, Fixups);
CurOp += X86AddrNumOperands;
break;
case X86II::MRM_C1:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitByte(0xC1, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::MRM_C8:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitByte(0xC8, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::MRM_C9:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitByte(0xC9, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::MRM_E8:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitByte(0xE8, CurByte, OS);
break;
case X86II::MRM_F0:
EmitByte(BaseOpcode, CurByte, OS);
EmitByte(0xF0, CurByte, OS);
break;
}
// If there is a remaining operand, it must be a trailing immediate. Emit it
// according to the right size for the instruction.
// FIXME: This should pass in whether the value is pc relative or not. This
// information should be aquired from TSFlags as well.
if (CurOp != NumOps)
EmitImmediate(MI.getOperand(CurOp++),
X86II::getSizeOfImm(TSFlags), getImmFixupKind(TSFlags),
CurByte, OS, Fixups);
#ifndef NDEBUG
// FIXME: Verify.
if (/*!Desc.isVariadic() &&*/ CurOp != NumOps) {
errs() << "Cannot encode all operands of: ";
MI.dump();
errs() << '\n';
abort();
}
#endif
}
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