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llvm-project/llvm/lib/Transforms/Scalar/LICM.cpp

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//===-- LICM.cpp - Loop Invariant Code Motion Pass ------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This pass performs loop invariant code motion, attempting to remove as much
// code from the body of a loop as possible. It does this by either hoisting
// code into the preheader block, or by sinking code to the exit blocks if it is
// safe. This pass also promotes must-aliased memory locations in the loop to
// live in registers, thus hoisting and sinking "invariant" loads and stores.
//
// This pass uses alias analysis for two purposes:
//
// 1. Moving loop invariant loads and calls out of loops. If we can determine
// that a load or call inside of a loop never aliases anything stored to,
// we can hoist it or sink it like any other instruction.
// 2. Scalar Promotion of Memory - If there is a store instruction inside of
// the loop, we try to move the store to happen AFTER the loop instead of
// inside of the loop. This can only happen if a few conditions are true:
// A. The pointer stored through is loop invariant
// B. There are no stores or loads in the loop which _may_ alias the
// pointer. There are no calls in the loop which mod/ref the pointer.
// If these conditions are true, we can promote the loads and stores in the
// loop of the pointer to use a temporary alloca'd variable. We then use
// the SSAUpdater to construct the appropriate SSA form for the value.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar/LICM.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SetOperations.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/AliasSetTracker.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/BasicAliasAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/CaptureTracking.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/ConstantFolding.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/GlobalsModRef.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/GuardUtils.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/Loads.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/LoopInfo.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/LoopIterator.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/LoopPass.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryBuiltins.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/MemorySSA.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/MemorySSAUpdater.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/OptimizationRemarkEmitter.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/ScalarEvolution.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/ScalarEvolutionAliasAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h"
#include "llvm/IR/CFG.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Metadata.h"
#include "llvm/IR/PatternMatch.h"
#include "llvm/IR/PredIteratorCache.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar/LoopPassManager.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Local.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/LoopUtils.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/SSAUpdater.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <utility>
using namespace llvm;
#define DEBUG_TYPE "licm"
STATISTIC(NumCreatedBlocks, "Number of blocks created");
STATISTIC(NumClonedBranches, "Number of branches cloned");
STATISTIC(NumSunk, "Number of instructions sunk out of loop");
STATISTIC(NumHoisted, "Number of instructions hoisted out of loop");
STATISTIC(NumMovedLoads, "Number of load insts hoisted or sunk");
STATISTIC(NumMovedCalls, "Number of call insts hoisted or sunk");
STATISTIC(NumPromoted, "Number of memory locations promoted to registers");
/// Memory promotion is enabled by default.
static cl::opt<bool>
DisablePromotion("disable-licm-promotion", cl::Hidden, cl::init(false),
cl::desc("Disable memory promotion in LICM pass"));
static cl::opt<bool> ControlFlowHoisting(
"licm-control-flow-hoisting", cl::Hidden, cl::init(false),
cl::desc("Enable control flow (and PHI) hoisting in LICM"));
static cl::opt<uint32_t> MaxNumUsesTraversed(
"licm-max-num-uses-traversed", cl::Hidden, cl::init(8),
cl::desc("Max num uses visited for identifying load "
"invariance in loop using invariant start (default = 8)"));
// Default value of zero implies we use the regular alias set tracker mechanism
// instead of the cross product using AA to identify aliasing of the memory
// location we are interested in.
static cl::opt<int>
LICMN2Theshold("licm-n2-threshold", cl::Hidden, cl::init(0),
cl::desc("How many instruction to cross product using AA"));
// Experimental option to allow imprecision in LICM in pathological cases, in
// exchange for faster compile. This is to be removed if MemorySSA starts to
// address the same issue. This flag applies only when LICM uses MemorySSA
// instead on AliasSetTracker. LICM calls MemorySSAWalker's
// getClobberingMemoryAccess, up to the value of the Cap, getting perfect
// accuracy. Afterwards, LICM will call into MemorySSA's getDefiningAccess,
// which may not be precise, since optimizeUses is capped. The result is
// correct, but we may not get as "far up" as possible to get which access is
// clobbering the one queried.
static cl::opt<int> LicmMssaOptCap(
"licm-mssa-optimization-cap", cl::init(100), cl::Hidden,
cl::desc("Enable imprecision in LICM in pathological cases, in exchange "
"for faster compile. Caps the MemorySSA clobbering calls."));
// Experimentally, memory promotion carries less importance than sinking and
// hoisting. Limit when we do promotion when using MemorySSA, in order to save
// compile time.
static cl::opt<unsigned> AccessCapForMSSAPromotion(
"max-acc-licm-promotion", cl::init(250), cl::Hidden,
cl::desc("[LICM & MemorySSA] When MSSA in LICM is disabled, this has no "
"effect. When MSSA in LICM is enabled, then this is the maximum "
"number of accesses allowed to be present in a loop in order to "
"enable memory promotion."));
static bool inSubLoop(BasicBlock *BB, Loop *CurLoop, LoopInfo *LI);
static bool isNotUsedOrFreeInLoop(const Instruction &I, const Loop *CurLoop,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
TargetTransformInfo *TTI, bool &FreeInLoop);
static void hoist(Instruction &I, const DominatorTree *DT, const Loop *CurLoop,
BasicBlock *Dest, ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE);
static bool sink(Instruction &I, LoopInfo *LI, DominatorTree *DT,
const Loop *CurLoop, ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE);
static bool isSafeToExecuteUnconditionally(Instruction &Inst,
const DominatorTree *DT,
const Loop *CurLoop,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE,
const Instruction *CtxI = nullptr);
static bool pointerInvalidatedByLoop(MemoryLocation MemLoc,
AliasSetTracker *CurAST, Loop *CurLoop,
AliasAnalysis *AA);
static bool pointerInvalidatedByLoopWithMSSA(MemorySSA *MSSA, MemoryUse *MU,
Loop *CurLoop,
int &LicmMssaOptCounter);
static Instruction *CloneInstructionInExitBlock(
Instruction &I, BasicBlock &ExitBlock, PHINode &PN, const LoopInfo *LI,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU);
static void eraseInstruction(Instruction &I, ICFLoopSafetyInfo &SafetyInfo,
AliasSetTracker *AST, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU);
static void moveInstructionBefore(Instruction &I, Instruction &Dest,
ICFLoopSafetyInfo &SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU);
namespace {
struct LoopInvariantCodeMotion {
using ASTrackerMapTy = DenseMap<Loop *, std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker>>;
bool runOnLoop(Loop *L, AliasAnalysis *AA, LoopInfo *LI, DominatorTree *DT,
TargetLibraryInfo *TLI, TargetTransformInfo *TTI,
ScalarEvolution *SE, MemorySSA *MSSA,
OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE, bool DeleteAST);
ASTrackerMapTy &getLoopToAliasSetMap() { return LoopToAliasSetMap; }
private:
ASTrackerMapTy LoopToAliasSetMap;
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker>
collectAliasInfoForLoop(Loop *L, LoopInfo *LI, AliasAnalysis *AA);
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker>
collectAliasInfoForLoopWithMSSA(Loop *L, AliasAnalysis *AA,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU);
};
struct LegacyLICMPass : public LoopPass {
static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
LegacyLICMPass() : LoopPass(ID) {
initializeLegacyLICMPassPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
}
bool runOnLoop(Loop *L, LPPassManager &LPM) override {
if (skipLoop(L)) {
// If we have run LICM on a previous loop but now we are skipping
// (because we've hit the opt-bisect limit), we need to clear the
// loop alias information.
LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().clear();
return false;
}
auto *SE = getAnalysisIfAvailable<ScalarEvolutionWrapperPass>();
MemorySSA *MSSA = EnableMSSALoopDependency
? (&getAnalysis<MemorySSAWrapperPass>().getMSSA())
: nullptr;
// For the old PM, we can't use OptimizationRemarkEmitter as an analysis
// pass. Function analyses need to be preserved across loop transformations
// but ORE cannot be preserved (see comment before the pass definition).
OptimizationRemarkEmitter ORE(L->getHeader()->getParent());
return LICM.runOnLoop(L,
&getAnalysis<AAResultsWrapperPass>().getAAResults(),
&getAnalysis<LoopInfoWrapperPass>().getLoopInfo(),
&getAnalysis<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>().getDomTree(),
&getAnalysis<TargetLibraryInfoWrapperPass>().getTLI(),
&getAnalysis<TargetTransformInfoWrapperPass>().getTTI(
*L->getHeader()->getParent()),
SE ? &SE->getSE() : nullptr, MSSA, &ORE, false);
}
/// This transformation requires natural loop information & requires that
/// loop preheaders be inserted into the CFG...
///
void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
AU.addPreserved<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
AU.addPreserved<LoopInfoWrapperPass>();
AU.addRequired<TargetLibraryInfoWrapperPass>();
if (EnableMSSALoopDependency) {
AU.addRequired<MemorySSAWrapperPass>();
AU.addPreserved<MemorySSAWrapperPass>();
}
AU.addRequired<TargetTransformInfoWrapperPass>();
getLoopAnalysisUsage(AU);
}
using llvm::Pass::doFinalization;
bool doFinalization() override {
assert(LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().empty() &&
"Didn't free loop alias sets");
return false;
}
private:
LoopInvariantCodeMotion LICM;
/// cloneBasicBlockAnalysis - Simple Analysis hook. Clone alias set info.
void cloneBasicBlockAnalysis(BasicBlock *From, BasicBlock *To,
Loop *L) override;
/// deleteAnalysisValue - Simple Analysis hook. Delete value V from alias
/// set.
void deleteAnalysisValue(Value *V, Loop *L) override;
/// Simple Analysis hook. Delete loop L from alias set map.
void deleteAnalysisLoop(Loop *L) override;
};
} // namespace
PreservedAnalyses LICMPass::run(Loop &L, LoopAnalysisManager &AM,
LoopStandardAnalysisResults &AR, LPMUpdater &) {
const auto &FAM =
AM.getResult<FunctionAnalysisManagerLoopProxy>(L, AR).getManager();
Function *F = L.getHeader()->getParent();
auto *ORE = FAM.getCachedResult<OptimizationRemarkEmitterAnalysis>(*F);
// FIXME: This should probably be optional rather than required.
if (!ORE)
report_fatal_error("LICM: OptimizationRemarkEmitterAnalysis not "
"cached at a higher level");
LoopInvariantCodeMotion LICM;
if (!LICM.runOnLoop(&L, &AR.AA, &AR.LI, &AR.DT, &AR.TLI, &AR.TTI, &AR.SE,
AR.MSSA, ORE, true))
return PreservedAnalyses::all();
auto PA = getLoopPassPreservedAnalyses();
PA.preserve<DominatorTreeAnalysis>();
PA.preserve<LoopAnalysis>();
return PA;
}
char LegacyLICMPass::ID = 0;
INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(LegacyLICMPass, "licm", "Loop Invariant Code Motion",
false, false)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(LoopPass)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(TargetLibraryInfoWrapperPass)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(TargetTransformInfoWrapperPass)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MemorySSAWrapperPass)
INITIALIZE_PASS_END(LegacyLICMPass, "licm", "Loop Invariant Code Motion", false,
false)
Pass *llvm::createLICMPass() { return new LegacyLICMPass(); }
/// Hoist expressions out of the specified loop. Note, alias info for inner
/// loop is not preserved so it is not a good idea to run LICM multiple
/// times on one loop.
/// We should delete AST for inner loops in the new pass manager to avoid
/// memory leak.
///
bool LoopInvariantCodeMotion::runOnLoop(
Loop *L, AliasAnalysis *AA, LoopInfo *LI, DominatorTree *DT,
TargetLibraryInfo *TLI, TargetTransformInfo *TTI, ScalarEvolution *SE,
MemorySSA *MSSA, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE, bool DeleteAST) {
bool Changed = false;
assert(L->isLCSSAForm(*DT) && "Loop is not in LCSSA form.");
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker> CurAST;
std::unique_ptr<MemorySSAUpdater> MSSAU;
bool NoOfMemAccTooLarge = false;
int LicmMssaOptCounter = 0;
if (!MSSA) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM: Using Alias Set Tracker.\n");
CurAST = collectAliasInfoForLoop(L, LI, AA);
} else {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM: Using MemorySSA.\n");
MSSAU = make_unique<MemorySSAUpdater>(MSSA);
unsigned AccessCapCount = 0;
for (auto *BB : L->getBlocks()) {
if (auto *Accesses = MSSA->getBlockAccesses(BB)) {
for (const auto &MA : *Accesses) {
(void)MA;
AccessCapCount++;
if (AccessCapCount > AccessCapForMSSAPromotion) {
NoOfMemAccTooLarge = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (NoOfMemAccTooLarge)
break;
}
}
// Get the preheader block to move instructions into...
BasicBlock *Preheader = L->getLoopPreheader();
// Compute loop safety information.
ICFLoopSafetyInfo SafetyInfo(DT);
SafetyInfo.computeLoopSafetyInfo(L);
// We want to visit all of the instructions in this loop... that are not parts
// of our subloops (they have already had their invariants hoisted out of
// their loop, into this loop, so there is no need to process the BODIES of
// the subloops).
//
// Traverse the body of the loop in depth first order on the dominator tree so
// that we are guaranteed to see definitions before we see uses. This allows
// us to sink instructions in one pass, without iteration. After sinking
// instructions, we perform another pass to hoist them out of the loop.
//
if (L->hasDedicatedExits())
Changed |= sinkRegion(DT->getNode(L->getHeader()), AA, LI, DT, TLI, TTI, L,
CurAST.get(), MSSAU.get(), &SafetyInfo,
NoOfMemAccTooLarge, LicmMssaOptCounter, ORE);
if (Preheader)
Changed |= hoistRegion(DT->getNode(L->getHeader()), AA, LI, DT, TLI, L,
CurAST.get(), MSSAU.get(), &SafetyInfo,
NoOfMemAccTooLarge, LicmMssaOptCounter, ORE);
// Now that all loop invariants have been removed from the loop, promote any
// memory references to scalars that we can.
// Don't sink stores from loops without dedicated block exits. Exits
// containing indirect branches are not transformed by loop simplify,
// make sure we catch that. An additional load may be generated in the
// preheader for SSA updater, so also avoid sinking when no preheader
// is available.
if (!DisablePromotion && Preheader && L->hasDedicatedExits() &&
!NoOfMemAccTooLarge) {
// Figure out the loop exits and their insertion points
SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 8> ExitBlocks;
L->getUniqueExitBlocks(ExitBlocks);
// We can't insert into a catchswitch.
bool HasCatchSwitch = llvm::any_of(ExitBlocks, [](BasicBlock *Exit) {
return isa<CatchSwitchInst>(Exit->getTerminator());
});
if (!HasCatchSwitch) {
SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> InsertPts;
SmallVector<MemoryAccess *, 8> MSSAInsertPts;
InsertPts.reserve(ExitBlocks.size());
if (MSSAU)
MSSAInsertPts.reserve(ExitBlocks.size());
for (BasicBlock *ExitBlock : ExitBlocks) {
InsertPts.push_back(&*ExitBlock->getFirstInsertionPt());
if (MSSAU)
MSSAInsertPts.push_back(nullptr);
}
PredIteratorCache PIC;
bool Promoted = false;
// Build an AST using MSSA.
if (!CurAST.get())
CurAST = collectAliasInfoForLoopWithMSSA(L, AA, MSSAU.get());
// Loop over all of the alias sets in the tracker object.
for (AliasSet &AS : *CurAST) {
// We can promote this alias set if it has a store, if it is a "Must"
// alias set, if the pointer is loop invariant, and if we are not
// eliminating any volatile loads or stores.
if (AS.isForwardingAliasSet() || !AS.isMod() || !AS.isMustAlias() ||
!L->isLoopInvariant(AS.begin()->getValue()))
continue;
assert(
!AS.empty() &&
"Must alias set should have at least one pointer element in it!");
SmallSetVector<Value *, 8> PointerMustAliases;
for (const auto &ASI : AS)
PointerMustAliases.insert(ASI.getValue());
Promoted |= promoteLoopAccessesToScalars(
PointerMustAliases, ExitBlocks, InsertPts, MSSAInsertPts, PIC, LI,
DT, TLI, L, CurAST.get(), MSSAU.get(), &SafetyInfo, ORE);
}
// Once we have promoted values across the loop body we have to
// recursively reform LCSSA as any nested loop may now have values defined
// within the loop used in the outer loop.
// FIXME: This is really heavy handed. It would be a bit better to use an
// SSAUpdater strategy during promotion that was LCSSA aware and reformed
// it as it went.
if (Promoted)
formLCSSARecursively(*L, *DT, LI, SE);
Changed |= Promoted;
}
}
// Check that neither this loop nor its parent have had LCSSA broken. LICM is
// specifically moving instructions across the loop boundary and so it is
// especially in need of sanity checking here.
assert(L->isLCSSAForm(*DT) && "Loop not left in LCSSA form after LICM!");
assert((!L->getParentLoop() || L->getParentLoop()->isLCSSAForm(*DT)) &&
"Parent loop not left in LCSSA form after LICM!");
// If this loop is nested inside of another one, save the alias information
// for when we process the outer loop.
if (!MSSAU.get() && CurAST.get() && L->getParentLoop() && !DeleteAST)
LoopToAliasSetMap[L] = std::move(CurAST);
if (MSSAU.get() && VerifyMemorySSA)
MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->verifyMemorySSA();
if (Changed && SE)
SE->forgetLoopDispositions(L);
return Changed;
}
/// Walk the specified region of the CFG (defined by all blocks dominated by
/// the specified block, and that are in the current loop) in reverse depth
/// first order w.r.t the DominatorTree. This allows us to visit uses before
/// definitions, allowing us to sink a loop body in one pass without iteration.
///
bool llvm::sinkRegion(DomTreeNode *N, AliasAnalysis *AA, LoopInfo *LI,
DominatorTree *DT, TargetLibraryInfo *TLI,
TargetTransformInfo *TTI, Loop *CurLoop,
AliasSetTracker *CurAST, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU,
ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo, bool NoOfMemAccTooLarge,
int &LicmMssaOptCounter, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE) {
// Verify inputs.
assert(N != nullptr && AA != nullptr && LI != nullptr && DT != nullptr &&
CurLoop != nullptr && SafetyInfo != nullptr &&
"Unexpected input to sinkRegion.");
assert(((CurAST != nullptr) ^ (MSSAU != nullptr)) &&
"Either AliasSetTracker or MemorySSA should be initialized.");
// We want to visit children before parents. We will enque all the parents
// before their children in the worklist and process the worklist in reverse
// order.
SmallVector<DomTreeNode *, 16> Worklist = collectChildrenInLoop(N, CurLoop);
bool Changed = false;
for (DomTreeNode *DTN : reverse(Worklist)) {
BasicBlock *BB = DTN->getBlock();
// Only need to process the contents of this block if it is not part of a
// subloop (which would already have been processed).
if (inSubLoop(BB, CurLoop, LI))
continue;
for (BasicBlock::iterator II = BB->end(); II != BB->begin();) {
Instruction &I = *--II;
// If the instruction is dead, we would try to sink it because it isn't
// used in the loop, instead, just delete it.
if (isInstructionTriviallyDead(&I, TLI)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM deleting dead inst: " << I << '\n');
salvageDebugInfo(I);
++II;
eraseInstruction(I, *SafetyInfo, CurAST, MSSAU);
Changed = true;
continue;
}
// Check to see if we can sink this instruction to the exit blocks
// of the loop. We can do this if the all users of the instruction are
// outside of the loop. In this case, it doesn't even matter if the
// operands of the instruction are loop invariant.
//
bool FreeInLoop = false;
if (isNotUsedOrFreeInLoop(I, CurLoop, SafetyInfo, TTI, FreeInLoop) &&
canSinkOrHoistInst(I, AA, DT, CurLoop, CurAST, MSSAU, true,
NoOfMemAccTooLarge, &LicmMssaOptCounter, ORE) &&
!I.mayHaveSideEffects()) {
if (sink(I, LI, DT, CurLoop, SafetyInfo, MSSAU, ORE)) {
if (!FreeInLoop) {
++II;
eraseInstruction(I, *SafetyInfo, CurAST, MSSAU);
}
Changed = true;
}
}
}
}
if (MSSAU && VerifyMemorySSA)
MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->verifyMemorySSA();
return Changed;
}
namespace {
// This is a helper class for hoistRegion to make it able to hoist control flow
// in order to be able to hoist phis. The way this works is that we initially
// start hoisting to the loop preheader, and when we see a loop invariant branch
// we make note of this. When we then come to hoist an instruction that's
// conditional on such a branch we duplicate the branch and the relevant control
// flow, then hoist the instruction into the block corresponding to its original
// block in the duplicated control flow.
class ControlFlowHoister {
private:
// Information about the loop we are hoisting from
LoopInfo *LI;
DominatorTree *DT;
Loop *CurLoop;
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU;
// A map of blocks in the loop to the block their instructions will be hoisted
// to.
DenseMap<BasicBlock *, BasicBlock *> HoistDestinationMap;
// The branches that we can hoist, mapped to the block that marks a
// convergence point of their control flow.
DenseMap<BranchInst *, BasicBlock *> HoistableBranches;
public:
ControlFlowHoister(LoopInfo *LI, DominatorTree *DT, Loop *CurLoop,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU)
: LI(LI), DT(DT), CurLoop(CurLoop), MSSAU(MSSAU) {}
void registerPossiblyHoistableBranch(BranchInst *BI) {
// We can only hoist conditional branches with loop invariant operands.
if (!ControlFlowHoisting || !BI->isConditional() ||
!CurLoop->hasLoopInvariantOperands(BI))
return;
// The branch destinations need to be in the loop, and we don't gain
// anything by duplicating conditional branches with duplicate successors,
// as it's essentially the same as an unconditional branch.
BasicBlock *TrueDest = BI->getSuccessor(0);
BasicBlock *FalseDest = BI->getSuccessor(1);
if (!CurLoop->contains(TrueDest) || !CurLoop->contains(FalseDest) ||
TrueDest == FalseDest)
return;
// We can hoist BI if one branch destination is the successor of the other,
// or both have common successor which we check by seeing if the
// intersection of their successors is non-empty.
// TODO: This could be expanded to allowing branches where both ends
// eventually converge to a single block.
SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 4> TrueDestSucc, FalseDestSucc;
TrueDestSucc.insert(succ_begin(TrueDest), succ_end(TrueDest));
FalseDestSucc.insert(succ_begin(FalseDest), succ_end(FalseDest));
BasicBlock *CommonSucc = nullptr;
if (TrueDestSucc.count(FalseDest)) {
CommonSucc = FalseDest;
} else if (FalseDestSucc.count(TrueDest)) {
CommonSucc = TrueDest;
} else {
set_intersect(TrueDestSucc, FalseDestSucc);
// If there's one common successor use that.
if (TrueDestSucc.size() == 1)
CommonSucc = *TrueDestSucc.begin();
// If there's more than one pick whichever appears first in the block list
// (we can't use the value returned by TrueDestSucc.begin() as it's
// unpredicatable which element gets returned).
else if (!TrueDestSucc.empty()) {
Function *F = TrueDest->getParent();
auto IsSucc = [&](BasicBlock &BB) { return TrueDestSucc.count(&BB); };
auto It = std::find_if(F->begin(), F->end(), IsSucc);
assert(It != F->end() && "Could not find successor in function");
CommonSucc = &*It;
}
}
// The common successor has to be dominated by the branch, as otherwise
// there will be some other path to the successor that will not be
// controlled by this branch so any phi we hoist would be controlled by the
// wrong condition. This also takes care of avoiding hoisting of loop back
// edges.
// TODO: In some cases this could be relaxed if the successor is dominated
// by another block that's been hoisted and we can guarantee that the
// control flow has been replicated exactly.
if (CommonSucc && DT->dominates(BI, CommonSucc))
HoistableBranches[BI] = CommonSucc;
}
bool canHoistPHI(PHINode *PN) {
// The phi must have loop invariant operands.
if (!ControlFlowHoisting || !CurLoop->hasLoopInvariantOperands(PN))
return false;
// We can hoist phis if the block they are in is the target of hoistable
// branches which cover all of the predecessors of the block.
SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 8> PredecessorBlocks;
BasicBlock *BB = PN->getParent();
for (BasicBlock *PredBB : predecessors(BB))
PredecessorBlocks.insert(PredBB);
// If we have less predecessor blocks than predecessors then the phi will
// have more than one incoming value for the same block which we can't
// handle.
// TODO: This could be handled be erasing some of the duplicate incoming
// values.
if (PredecessorBlocks.size() != pred_size(BB))
return false;
for (auto &Pair : HoistableBranches) {
if (Pair.second == BB) {
// Which blocks are predecessors via this branch depends on if the
// branch is triangle-like or diamond-like.
if (Pair.first->getSuccessor(0) == BB) {
PredecessorBlocks.erase(Pair.first->getParent());
PredecessorBlocks.erase(Pair.first->getSuccessor(1));
} else if (Pair.first->getSuccessor(1) == BB) {
PredecessorBlocks.erase(Pair.first->getParent());
PredecessorBlocks.erase(Pair.first->getSuccessor(0));
} else {
PredecessorBlocks.erase(Pair.first->getSuccessor(0));
PredecessorBlocks.erase(Pair.first->getSuccessor(1));
}
}
}
// PredecessorBlocks will now be empty if for every predecessor of BB we
// found a hoistable branch source.
return PredecessorBlocks.empty();
}
BasicBlock *getOrCreateHoistedBlock(BasicBlock *BB) {
if (!ControlFlowHoisting)
return CurLoop->getLoopPreheader();
// If BB has already been hoisted, return that
if (HoistDestinationMap.count(BB))
return HoistDestinationMap[BB];
// Check if this block is conditional based on a pending branch
auto HasBBAsSuccessor =
[&](DenseMap<BranchInst *, BasicBlock *>::value_type &Pair) {
return BB != Pair.second && (Pair.first->getSuccessor(0) == BB ||
Pair.first->getSuccessor(1) == BB);
};
auto It = std::find_if(HoistableBranches.begin(), HoistableBranches.end(),
HasBBAsSuccessor);
// If not involved in a pending branch, hoist to preheader
BasicBlock *InitialPreheader = CurLoop->getLoopPreheader();
if (It == HoistableBranches.end()) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM using " << InitialPreheader->getName()
<< " as hoist destination for " << BB->getName()
<< "\n");
HoistDestinationMap[BB] = InitialPreheader;
return InitialPreheader;
}
BranchInst *BI = It->first;
assert(std::find_if(++It, HoistableBranches.end(), HasBBAsSuccessor) ==
HoistableBranches.end() &&
"BB is expected to be the target of at most one branch");
LLVMContext &C = BB->getContext();
BasicBlock *TrueDest = BI->getSuccessor(0);
BasicBlock *FalseDest = BI->getSuccessor(1);
BasicBlock *CommonSucc = HoistableBranches[BI];
BasicBlock *HoistTarget = getOrCreateHoistedBlock(BI->getParent());
// Create hoisted versions of blocks that currently don't have them
auto CreateHoistedBlock = [&](BasicBlock *Orig) {
if (HoistDestinationMap.count(Orig))
return HoistDestinationMap[Orig];
BasicBlock *New =
BasicBlock::Create(C, Orig->getName() + ".licm", Orig->getParent());
HoistDestinationMap[Orig] = New;
DT->addNewBlock(New, HoistTarget);
if (CurLoop->getParentLoop())
CurLoop->getParentLoop()->addBasicBlockToLoop(New, *LI);
++NumCreatedBlocks;
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM created " << New->getName()
<< " as hoist destination for " << Orig->getName()
<< "\n");
return New;
};
BasicBlock *HoistTrueDest = CreateHoistedBlock(TrueDest);
BasicBlock *HoistFalseDest = CreateHoistedBlock(FalseDest);
BasicBlock *HoistCommonSucc = CreateHoistedBlock(CommonSucc);
// Link up these blocks with branches.
if (!HoistCommonSucc->getTerminator()) {
// The new common successor we've generated will branch to whatever that
// hoist target branched to.
BasicBlock *TargetSucc = HoistTarget->getSingleSuccessor();
assert(TargetSucc && "Expected hoist target to have a single successor");
HoistCommonSucc->moveBefore(TargetSucc);
BranchInst::Create(TargetSucc, HoistCommonSucc);
}
if (!HoistTrueDest->getTerminator()) {
HoistTrueDest->moveBefore(HoistCommonSucc);
BranchInst::Create(HoistCommonSucc, HoistTrueDest);
}
if (!HoistFalseDest->getTerminator()) {
HoistFalseDest->moveBefore(HoistCommonSucc);
BranchInst::Create(HoistCommonSucc, HoistFalseDest);
}
// If BI is being cloned to what was originally the preheader then
// HoistCommonSucc will now be the new preheader.
if (HoistTarget == InitialPreheader) {
// Phis in the loop header now need to use the new preheader.
InitialPreheader->replaceSuccessorsPhiUsesWith(HoistCommonSucc);
if (MSSAU)
MSSAU->wireOldPredecessorsToNewImmediatePredecessor(
HoistTarget->getSingleSuccessor(), HoistCommonSucc, {HoistTarget});
// The new preheader dominates the loop header.
DomTreeNode *PreheaderNode = DT->getNode(HoistCommonSucc);
DomTreeNode *HeaderNode = DT->getNode(CurLoop->getHeader());
DT->changeImmediateDominator(HeaderNode, PreheaderNode);
// The preheader hoist destination is now the new preheader, with the
// exception of the hoist destination of this branch.
for (auto &Pair : HoistDestinationMap)
if (Pair.second == InitialPreheader && Pair.first != BI->getParent())
Pair.second = HoistCommonSucc;
}
// Now finally clone BI.
ReplaceInstWithInst(
HoistTarget->getTerminator(),
BranchInst::Create(HoistTrueDest, HoistFalseDest, BI->getCondition()));
++NumClonedBranches;
assert(CurLoop->getLoopPreheader() &&
"Hoisting blocks should not have destroyed preheader");
return HoistDestinationMap[BB];
}
};
} // namespace
/// Walk the specified region of the CFG (defined by all blocks dominated by
/// the specified block, and that are in the current loop) in depth first
/// order w.r.t the DominatorTree. This allows us to visit definitions before
/// uses, allowing us to hoist a loop body in one pass without iteration.
///
bool llvm::hoistRegion(DomTreeNode *N, AliasAnalysis *AA, LoopInfo *LI,
DominatorTree *DT, TargetLibraryInfo *TLI, Loop *CurLoop,
AliasSetTracker *CurAST, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU,
ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo, bool NoOfMemAccTooLarge,
int &LicmMssaOptCounter,
OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE) {
// Verify inputs.
assert(N != nullptr && AA != nullptr && LI != nullptr && DT != nullptr &&
CurLoop != nullptr && SafetyInfo != nullptr &&
"Unexpected input to hoistRegion.");
assert(((CurAST != nullptr) ^ (MSSAU != nullptr)) &&
"Either AliasSetTracker or MemorySSA should be initialized.");
ControlFlowHoister CFH(LI, DT, CurLoop, MSSAU);
// Keep track of instructions that have been hoisted, as they may need to be
// re-hoisted if they end up not dominating all of their uses.
SmallVector<Instruction *, 16> HoistedInstructions;
// For PHI hoisting to work we need to hoist blocks before their successors.
// We can do this by iterating through the blocks in the loop in reverse
// post-order.
LoopBlocksRPO Worklist(CurLoop);
Worklist.perform(LI);
bool Changed = false;
for (BasicBlock *BB : Worklist) {
// Only need to process the contents of this block if it is not part of a
// subloop (which would already have been processed).
if (inSubLoop(BB, CurLoop, LI))
continue;
for (BasicBlock::iterator II = BB->begin(), E = BB->end(); II != E;) {
Instruction &I = *II++;
// Try constant folding this instruction. If all the operands are
// constants, it is technically hoistable, but it would be better to
// just fold it.
if (Constant *C = ConstantFoldInstruction(
&I, I.getModule()->getDataLayout(), TLI)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM folding inst: " << I << " --> " << *C
<< '\n');
if (CurAST)
CurAST->copyValue(&I, C);
// FIXME MSSA: Such replacements may make accesses unoptimized (D51960).
I.replaceAllUsesWith(C);
if (isInstructionTriviallyDead(&I, TLI))
eraseInstruction(I, *SafetyInfo, CurAST, MSSAU);
Changed = true;
continue;
}
// Try hoisting the instruction out to the preheader. We can only do
// this if all of the operands of the instruction are loop invariant and
// if it is safe to hoist the instruction.
// TODO: It may be safe to hoist if we are hoisting to a conditional block
// and we have accurately duplicated the control flow from the loop header
// to that block.
if (CurLoop->hasLoopInvariantOperands(&I) &&
canSinkOrHoistInst(I, AA, DT, CurLoop, CurAST, MSSAU, true,
NoOfMemAccTooLarge, &LicmMssaOptCounter, ORE) &&
isSafeToExecuteUnconditionally(
I, DT, CurLoop, SafetyInfo, ORE,
CurLoop->getLoopPreheader()->getTerminator())) {
hoist(I, DT, CurLoop, CFH.getOrCreateHoistedBlock(BB), SafetyInfo,
MSSAU, ORE);
HoistedInstructions.push_back(&I);
Changed = true;
continue;
}
// Attempt to remove floating point division out of the loop by
// converting it to a reciprocal multiplication.
if (I.getOpcode() == Instruction::FDiv &&
CurLoop->isLoopInvariant(I.getOperand(1)) &&
I.hasAllowReciprocal()) {
auto Divisor = I.getOperand(1);
auto One = llvm::ConstantFP::get(Divisor->getType(), 1.0);
auto ReciprocalDivisor = BinaryOperator::CreateFDiv(One, Divisor);
ReciprocalDivisor->setFastMathFlags(I.getFastMathFlags());
SafetyInfo->insertInstructionTo(ReciprocalDivisor, I.getParent());
ReciprocalDivisor->insertBefore(&I);
auto Product =
BinaryOperator::CreateFMul(I.getOperand(0), ReciprocalDivisor);
Product->setFastMathFlags(I.getFastMathFlags());
SafetyInfo->insertInstructionTo(Product, I.getParent());
Product->insertAfter(&I);
I.replaceAllUsesWith(Product);
eraseInstruction(I, *SafetyInfo, CurAST, MSSAU);
hoist(*ReciprocalDivisor, DT, CurLoop, CFH.getOrCreateHoistedBlock(BB),
SafetyInfo, MSSAU, ORE);
HoistedInstructions.push_back(ReciprocalDivisor);
Changed = true;
continue;
}
auto IsInvariantStart = [&](Instruction &I) {
using namespace PatternMatch;
return I.use_empty() &&
match(&I, m_Intrinsic<Intrinsic::invariant_start>());
};
auto MustExecuteWithoutWritesBefore = [&](Instruction &I) {
return SafetyInfo->isGuaranteedToExecute(I, DT, CurLoop) &&
SafetyInfo->doesNotWriteMemoryBefore(I, CurLoop);
};
if ((IsInvariantStart(I) || isGuard(&I)) &&
CurLoop->hasLoopInvariantOperands(&I) &&
MustExecuteWithoutWritesBefore(I)) {
hoist(I, DT, CurLoop, CFH.getOrCreateHoistedBlock(BB), SafetyInfo,
MSSAU, ORE);
HoistedInstructions.push_back(&I);
Changed = true;
continue;
}
if (PHINode *PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(&I)) {
if (CFH.canHoistPHI(PN)) {
// Redirect incoming blocks first to ensure that we create hoisted
// versions of those blocks before we hoist the phi.
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < PN->getNumIncomingValues(); ++i)
PN->setIncomingBlock(
i, CFH.getOrCreateHoistedBlock(PN->getIncomingBlock(i)));
hoist(*PN, DT, CurLoop, CFH.getOrCreateHoistedBlock(BB), SafetyInfo,
MSSAU, ORE);
assert(DT->dominates(PN, BB) && "Conditional PHIs not expected");
Changed = true;
continue;
}
}
// Remember possibly hoistable branches so we can actually hoist them
// later if needed.
if (BranchInst *BI = dyn_cast<BranchInst>(&I))
CFH.registerPossiblyHoistableBranch(BI);
}
}
// If we hoisted instructions to a conditional block they may not dominate
// their uses that weren't hoisted (such as phis where some operands are not
// loop invariant). If so make them unconditional by moving them to their
// immediate dominator. We iterate through the instructions in reverse order
// which ensures that when we rehoist an instruction we rehoist its operands,
// and also keep track of where in the block we are rehoisting to to make sure
// that we rehoist instructions before the instructions that use them.
Instruction *HoistPoint = nullptr;
if (ControlFlowHoisting) {
for (Instruction *I : reverse(HoistedInstructions)) {
if (!llvm::all_of(I->uses(),
[&](Use &U) { return DT->dominates(I, U); })) {
BasicBlock *Dominator =
DT->getNode(I->getParent())->getIDom()->getBlock();
if (!HoistPoint || !DT->dominates(HoistPoint->getParent(), Dominator)) {
if (HoistPoint)
assert(DT->dominates(Dominator, HoistPoint->getParent()) &&
"New hoist point expected to dominate old hoist point");
HoistPoint = Dominator->getTerminator();
}
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM rehoisting to "
<< HoistPoint->getParent()->getName()
<< ": " << *I << "\n");
moveInstructionBefore(*I, *HoistPoint, *SafetyInfo, MSSAU);
HoistPoint = I;
Changed = true;
}
}
}
if (MSSAU && VerifyMemorySSA)
MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->verifyMemorySSA();
// Now that we've finished hoisting make sure that LI and DT are still
// valid.
#ifndef NDEBUG
if (Changed) {
assert(DT->verify(DominatorTree::VerificationLevel::Fast) &&
"Dominator tree verification failed");
LI->verify(*DT);
}
#endif
return Changed;
}
// Return true if LI is invariant within scope of the loop. LI is invariant if
// CurLoop is dominated by an invariant.start representing the same memory
// location and size as the memory location LI loads from, and also the
// invariant.start has no uses.
static bool isLoadInvariantInLoop(LoadInst *LI, DominatorTree *DT,
Loop *CurLoop) {
Value *Addr = LI->getOperand(0);
const DataLayout &DL = LI->getModule()->getDataLayout();
const uint32_t LocSizeInBits = DL.getTypeSizeInBits(
cast<PointerType>(Addr->getType())->getElementType());
// if the type is i8 addrspace(x)*, we know this is the type of
// llvm.invariant.start operand
auto *PtrInt8Ty = PointerType::get(Type::getInt8Ty(LI->getContext()),
LI->getPointerAddressSpace());
unsigned BitcastsVisited = 0;
// Look through bitcasts until we reach the i8* type (this is invariant.start
// operand type).
while (Addr->getType() != PtrInt8Ty) {
auto *BC = dyn_cast<BitCastInst>(Addr);
// Avoid traversing high number of bitcast uses.
if (++BitcastsVisited > MaxNumUsesTraversed || !BC)
return false;
Addr = BC->getOperand(0);
}
unsigned UsesVisited = 0;
// Traverse all uses of the load operand value, to see if invariant.start is
// one of the uses, and whether it dominates the load instruction.
for (auto *U : Addr->users()) {
// Avoid traversing for Load operand with high number of users.
if (++UsesVisited > MaxNumUsesTraversed)
return false;
IntrinsicInst *II = dyn_cast<IntrinsicInst>(U);
// If there are escaping uses of invariant.start instruction, the load maybe
// non-invariant.
if (!II || II->getIntrinsicID() != Intrinsic::invariant_start ||
!II->use_empty())
continue;
unsigned InvariantSizeInBits =
cast<ConstantInt>(II->getArgOperand(0))->getSExtValue() * 8;
// Confirm the invariant.start location size contains the load operand size
// in bits. Also, the invariant.start should dominate the load, and we
// should not hoist the load out of a loop that contains this dominating
// invariant.start.
if (LocSizeInBits <= InvariantSizeInBits &&
DT->properlyDominates(II->getParent(), CurLoop->getHeader()))
return true;
}
return false;
}
namespace {
/// Return true if-and-only-if we know how to (mechanically) both hoist and
/// sink a given instruction out of a loop. Does not address legality
/// concerns such as aliasing or speculation safety.
bool isHoistableAndSinkableInst(Instruction &I) {
// Only these instructions are hoistable/sinkable.
return (isa<LoadInst>(I) || isa<StoreInst>(I) || isa<CallInst>(I) ||
isa<FenceInst>(I) || isa<BinaryOperator>(I) || isa<CastInst>(I) ||
isa<SelectInst>(I) || isa<GetElementPtrInst>(I) || isa<CmpInst>(I) ||
isa<InsertElementInst>(I) || isa<ExtractElementInst>(I) ||
isa<ShuffleVectorInst>(I) || isa<ExtractValueInst>(I) ||
isa<InsertValueInst>(I));
}
/// Return true if all of the alias sets within this AST are known not to
/// contain a Mod, or if MSSA knows thare are no MemoryDefs in the loop.
bool isReadOnly(AliasSetTracker *CurAST, const MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU,
const Loop *L) {
if (CurAST) {
for (AliasSet &AS : *CurAST) {
if (!AS.isForwardingAliasSet() && AS.isMod()) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
} else { /*MSSAU*/
for (auto *BB : L->getBlocks())
if (MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->getBlockDefs(BB))
return false;
return true;
}
}
/// Return true if I is the only Instruction with a MemoryAccess in L.
bool isOnlyMemoryAccess(const Instruction *I, const Loop *L,
const MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
for (auto *BB : L->getBlocks())
if (auto *Accs = MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->getBlockAccesses(BB)) {
int NotAPhi = 0;
for (const auto &Acc : *Accs) {
if (isa<MemoryPhi>(&Acc))
continue;
const auto *MUD = cast<MemoryUseOrDef>(&Acc);
if (MUD->getMemoryInst() != I || NotAPhi++ == 1)
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
bool llvm::canSinkOrHoistInst(Instruction &I, AAResults *AA, DominatorTree *DT,
Loop *CurLoop, AliasSetTracker *CurAST,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU,
bool TargetExecutesOncePerLoop,
bool NoOfMemAccTooLarge, int *LicmMssaOptCounter,
OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE) {
// If we don't understand the instruction, bail early.
if (!isHoistableAndSinkableInst(I))
return false;
MemorySSA *MSSA = MSSAU ? MSSAU->getMemorySSA() : nullptr;
if (MSSA)
assert(LicmMssaOptCounter != nullptr && "Counter cannot be null.");
// Loads have extra constraints we have to verify before we can hoist them.
if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(&I)) {
if (!LI->isUnordered())
return false; // Don't sink/hoist volatile or ordered atomic loads!
// Loads from constant memory are always safe to move, even if they end up
// in the same alias set as something that ends up being modified.
if (AA->pointsToConstantMemory(LI->getOperand(0)))
return true;
if (LI->getMetadata(LLVMContext::MD_invariant_load))
return true;
if (LI->isAtomic() && !TargetExecutesOncePerLoop)
return false; // Don't risk duplicating unordered loads
// This checks for an invariant.start dominating the load.
if (isLoadInvariantInLoop(LI, DT, CurLoop))
return true;
bool Invalidated;
if (CurAST)
Invalidated = pointerInvalidatedByLoop(MemoryLocation::get(LI), CurAST,
CurLoop, AA);
else
Invalidated = pointerInvalidatedByLoopWithMSSA(
MSSA, cast<MemoryUse>(MSSA->getMemoryAccess(LI)), CurLoop,
*LicmMssaOptCounter);
// Check loop-invariant address because this may also be a sinkable load
// whose address is not necessarily loop-invariant.
if (ORE && Invalidated && CurLoop->isLoopInvariant(LI->getPointerOperand()))
ORE->emit([&]() {
return OptimizationRemarkMissed(
DEBUG_TYPE, "LoadWithLoopInvariantAddressInvalidated", LI)
<< "failed to move load with loop-invariant address "
"because the loop may invalidate its value";
});
return !Invalidated;
} else if (CallInst *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(&I)) {
// Don't sink or hoist dbg info; it's legal, but not useful.
if (isa<DbgInfoIntrinsic>(I))
return false;
// Don't sink calls which can throw.
if (CI->mayThrow())
return false;
using namespace PatternMatch;
if (match(CI, m_Intrinsic<Intrinsic::assume>()))
// Assumes don't actually alias anything or throw
return true;
// Handle simple cases by querying alias analysis.
FunctionModRefBehavior Behavior = AA->getModRefBehavior(CI);
if (Behavior == FMRB_DoesNotAccessMemory)
return true;
if (AliasAnalysis::onlyReadsMemory(Behavior)) {
// A readonly argmemonly function only reads from memory pointed to by
// it's arguments with arbitrary offsets. If we can prove there are no
// writes to this memory in the loop, we can hoist or sink.
if (AliasAnalysis::onlyAccessesArgPointees(Behavior)) {
// TODO: expand to writeable arguments
for (Value *Op : CI->arg_operands())
if (Op->getType()->isPointerTy()) {
bool Invalidated;
if (CurAST)
Invalidated = pointerInvalidatedByLoop(
MemoryLocation(Op, LocationSize::unknown(), AAMDNodes()),
CurAST, CurLoop, AA);
else
Invalidated = pointerInvalidatedByLoopWithMSSA(
MSSA, cast<MemoryUse>(MSSA->getMemoryAccess(CI)), CurLoop,
*LicmMssaOptCounter);
if (Invalidated)
return false;
}
return true;
}
// If this call only reads from memory and there are no writes to memory
// in the loop, we can hoist or sink the call as appropriate.
if (isReadOnly(CurAST, MSSAU, CurLoop))
return true;
}
// FIXME: This should use mod/ref information to see if we can hoist or
// sink the call.
return false;
} else if (auto *FI = dyn_cast<FenceInst>(&I)) {
// Fences alias (most) everything to provide ordering. For the moment,
// just give up if there are any other memory operations in the loop.
if (CurAST) {
auto Begin = CurAST->begin();
assert(Begin != CurAST->end() && "must contain FI");
if (std::next(Begin) != CurAST->end())
// constant memory for instance, TODO: handle better
return false;
auto *UniqueI = Begin->getUniqueInstruction();
if (!UniqueI)
// other memory op, give up
return false;
(void)FI; // suppress unused variable warning
assert(UniqueI == FI && "AS must contain FI");
return true;
} else // MSSAU
return isOnlyMemoryAccess(FI, CurLoop, MSSAU);
} else if (auto *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(&I)) {
if (!SI->isUnordered())
return false; // Don't sink/hoist volatile or ordered atomic store!
// We can only hoist a store that we can prove writes a value which is not
// read or overwritten within the loop. For those cases, we fallback to
// load store promotion instead. TODO: We can extend this to cases where
// there is exactly one write to the location and that write dominates an
// arbitrary number of reads in the loop.
if (CurAST) {
auto &AS = CurAST->getAliasSetFor(MemoryLocation::get(SI));
if (AS.isRef() || !AS.isMustAlias())
// Quick exit test, handled by the full path below as well.
return false;
auto *UniqueI = AS.getUniqueInstruction();
if (!UniqueI)
// other memory op, give up
return false;
assert(UniqueI == SI && "AS must contain SI");
return true;
} else { // MSSAU
if (isOnlyMemoryAccess(SI, CurLoop, MSSAU))
return true;
// If there are more accesses than the Promotion cap, give up, we're not
// walking a list that long.
if (NoOfMemAccTooLarge)
return false;
// Check store only if there's still "quota" to check clobber.
if (*LicmMssaOptCounter >= LicmMssaOptCap)
return false;
// If there are interfering Uses (i.e. their defining access is in the
// loop), or ordered loads (stored as Defs!), don't move this store.
// Could do better here, but this is conservatively correct.
// TODO: Cache set of Uses on the first walk in runOnLoop, update when
// moving accesses. Can also extend to dominating uses.
for (auto *BB : CurLoop->getBlocks())
if (auto *Accesses = MSSA->getBlockAccesses(BB)) {
for (const auto &MA : *Accesses)
if (const auto *MU = dyn_cast<MemoryUse>(&MA)) {
auto *MD = MU->getDefiningAccess();
if (!MSSA->isLiveOnEntryDef(MD) &&
CurLoop->contains(MD->getBlock()))
return false;
} else if (const auto *MD = dyn_cast<MemoryDef>(&MA))
if (auto *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(MD->getMemoryInst())) {
(void)LI; // Silence warning.
assert(!LI->isUnordered() && "Expected unordered load");
return false;
}
}
auto *Source = MSSA->getSkipSelfWalker()->getClobberingMemoryAccess(SI);
(*LicmMssaOptCounter)++;
// If there are no clobbering Defs in the loop, store is safe to hoist.
return MSSA->isLiveOnEntryDef(Source) ||
!CurLoop->contains(Source->getBlock());
}
}
assert(!I.mayReadOrWriteMemory() && "unhandled aliasing");
// We've established mechanical ability and aliasing, it's up to the caller
// to check fault safety
return true;
}
/// Returns true if a PHINode is a trivially replaceable with an
/// Instruction.
/// This is true when all incoming values are that instruction.
/// This pattern occurs most often with LCSSA PHI nodes.
///
static bool isTriviallyReplaceablePHI(const PHINode &PN, const Instruction &I) {
for (const Value *IncValue : PN.incoming_values())
if (IncValue != &I)
return false;
return true;
}
/// Return true if the instruction is free in the loop.
static bool isFreeInLoop(const Instruction &I, const Loop *CurLoop,
const TargetTransformInfo *TTI) {
if (const GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(&I)) {
if (TTI->getUserCost(GEP) != TargetTransformInfo::TCC_Free)
return false;
// For a GEP, we cannot simply use getUserCost because currently it
// optimistically assume that a GEP will fold into addressing mode
// regardless of its users.
const BasicBlock *BB = GEP->getParent();
for (const User *U : GEP->users()) {
const Instruction *UI = cast<Instruction>(U);
if (CurLoop->contains(UI) &&
(BB != UI->getParent() ||
(!isa<StoreInst>(UI) && !isa<LoadInst>(UI))))
return false;
}
return true;
} else
return TTI->getUserCost(&I) == TargetTransformInfo::TCC_Free;
}
/// Return true if the only users of this instruction are outside of
/// the loop. If this is true, we can sink the instruction to the exit
/// blocks of the loop.
///
/// We also return true if the instruction could be folded away in lowering.
/// (e.g., a GEP can be folded into a load as an addressing mode in the loop).
static bool isNotUsedOrFreeInLoop(const Instruction &I, const Loop *CurLoop,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
TargetTransformInfo *TTI, bool &FreeInLoop) {
const auto &BlockColors = SafetyInfo->getBlockColors();
bool IsFree = isFreeInLoop(I, CurLoop, TTI);
for (const User *U : I.users()) {
const Instruction *UI = cast<Instruction>(U);
if (const PHINode *PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(UI)) {
const BasicBlock *BB = PN->getParent();
// We cannot sink uses in catchswitches.
if (isa<CatchSwitchInst>(BB->getTerminator()))
return false;
// We need to sink a callsite to a unique funclet. Avoid sinking if the
// phi use is too muddled.
if (isa<CallInst>(I))
if (!BlockColors.empty() &&
BlockColors.find(const_cast<BasicBlock *>(BB))->second.size() != 1)
return false;
}
if (CurLoop->contains(UI)) {
if (IsFree) {
FreeInLoop = true;
continue;
}
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
static Instruction *CloneInstructionInExitBlock(
Instruction &I, BasicBlock &ExitBlock, PHINode &PN, const LoopInfo *LI,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
Instruction *New;
if (auto *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(&I)) {
const auto &BlockColors = SafetyInfo->getBlockColors();
// Sinking call-sites need to be handled differently from other
// instructions. The cloned call-site needs a funclet bundle operand
// appropriate for its location in the CFG.
SmallVector<OperandBundleDef, 1> OpBundles;
for (unsigned BundleIdx = 0, BundleEnd = CI->getNumOperandBundles();
BundleIdx != BundleEnd; ++BundleIdx) {
OperandBundleUse Bundle = CI->getOperandBundleAt(BundleIdx);
if (Bundle.getTagID() == LLVMContext::OB_funclet)
continue;
OpBundles.emplace_back(Bundle);
}
if (!BlockColors.empty()) {
const ColorVector &CV = BlockColors.find(&ExitBlock)->second;
assert(CV.size() == 1 && "non-unique color for exit block!");
BasicBlock *BBColor = CV.front();
Instruction *EHPad = BBColor->getFirstNonPHI();
if (EHPad->isEHPad())
OpBundles.emplace_back("funclet", EHPad);
}
New = CallInst::Create(CI, OpBundles);
} else {
New = I.clone();
}
ExitBlock.getInstList().insert(ExitBlock.getFirstInsertionPt(), New);
if (!I.getName().empty())
New->setName(I.getName() + ".le");
MemoryAccess *OldMemAcc;
if (MSSAU && (OldMemAcc = MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->getMemoryAccess(&I))) {
// Create a new MemoryAccess and let MemorySSA set its defining access.
MemoryAccess *NewMemAcc = MSSAU->createMemoryAccessInBB(
New, nullptr, New->getParent(), MemorySSA::Beginning);
if (NewMemAcc) {
if (auto *MemDef = dyn_cast<MemoryDef>(NewMemAcc))
MSSAU->insertDef(MemDef, /*RenameUses=*/true);
else {
auto *MemUse = cast<MemoryUse>(NewMemAcc);
MSSAU->insertUse(MemUse);
}
}
}
// Build LCSSA PHI nodes for any in-loop operands. Note that this is
// particularly cheap because we can rip off the PHI node that we're
// replacing for the number and blocks of the predecessors.
// OPT: If this shows up in a profile, we can instead finish sinking all
// invariant instructions, and then walk their operands to re-establish
// LCSSA. That will eliminate creating PHI nodes just to nuke them when
// sinking bottom-up.
for (User::op_iterator OI = New->op_begin(), OE = New->op_end(); OI != OE;
++OI)
if (Instruction *OInst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(*OI))
if (Loop *OLoop = LI->getLoopFor(OInst->getParent()))
if (!OLoop->contains(&PN)) {
PHINode *OpPN =
PHINode::Create(OInst->getType(), PN.getNumIncomingValues(),
OInst->getName() + ".lcssa", &ExitBlock.front());
for (unsigned i = 0, e = PN.getNumIncomingValues(); i != e; ++i)
OpPN->addIncoming(OInst, PN.getIncomingBlock(i));
*OI = OpPN;
}
return New;
}
static void eraseInstruction(Instruction &I, ICFLoopSafetyInfo &SafetyInfo,
AliasSetTracker *AST, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
if (AST)
AST->deleteValue(&I);
if (MSSAU)
MSSAU->removeMemoryAccess(&I);
SafetyInfo.removeInstruction(&I);
I.eraseFromParent();
}
static void moveInstructionBefore(Instruction &I, Instruction &Dest,
ICFLoopSafetyInfo &SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
SafetyInfo.removeInstruction(&I);
SafetyInfo.insertInstructionTo(&I, Dest.getParent());
I.moveBefore(&Dest);
if (MSSAU)
if (MemoryUseOrDef *OldMemAcc = cast_or_null<MemoryUseOrDef>(
MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->getMemoryAccess(&I)))
MSSAU->moveToPlace(OldMemAcc, Dest.getParent(), MemorySSA::End);
}
static Instruction *sinkThroughTriviallyReplaceablePHI(
PHINode *TPN, Instruction *I, LoopInfo *LI,
SmallDenseMap<BasicBlock *, Instruction *, 32> &SunkCopies,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo, const Loop *CurLoop,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
assert(isTriviallyReplaceablePHI(*TPN, *I) &&
"Expect only trivially replaceable PHI");
BasicBlock *ExitBlock = TPN->getParent();
Instruction *New;
auto It = SunkCopies.find(ExitBlock);
if (It != SunkCopies.end())
New = It->second;
else
New = SunkCopies[ExitBlock] = CloneInstructionInExitBlock(
*I, *ExitBlock, *TPN, LI, SafetyInfo, MSSAU);
return New;
}
static bool canSplitPredecessors(PHINode *PN, LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo) {
BasicBlock *BB = PN->getParent();
if (!BB->canSplitPredecessors())
return false;
// It's not impossible to split EHPad blocks, but if BlockColors already exist
// it require updating BlockColors for all offspring blocks accordingly. By
// skipping such corner case, we can make updating BlockColors after splitting
// predecessor fairly simple.
if (!SafetyInfo->getBlockColors().empty() && BB->getFirstNonPHI()->isEHPad())
return false;
for (pred_iterator PI = pred_begin(BB), E = pred_end(BB); PI != E; ++PI) {
BasicBlock *BBPred = *PI;
if (isa<IndirectBrInst>(BBPred->getTerminator()))
return false;
}
return true;
}
static void splitPredecessorsOfLoopExit(PHINode *PN, DominatorTree *DT,
LoopInfo *LI, const Loop *CurLoop,
LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
#ifndef NDEBUG
SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 32> ExitBlocks;
CurLoop->getUniqueExitBlocks(ExitBlocks);
SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 32> ExitBlockSet(ExitBlocks.begin(),
ExitBlocks.end());
#endif
BasicBlock *ExitBB = PN->getParent();
assert(ExitBlockSet.count(ExitBB) && "Expect the PHI is in an exit block.");
// Split predecessors of the loop exit to make instructions in the loop are
// exposed to exit blocks through trivially replaceable PHIs while keeping the
// loop in the canonical form where each predecessor of each exit block should
// be contained within the loop. For example, this will convert the loop below
// from
//
// LB1:
// %v1 =
// br %LE, %LB2
// LB2:
// %v2 =
// br %LE, %LB1
// LE:
// %p = phi [%v1, %LB1], [%v2, %LB2] <-- non-trivially replaceable
//
// to
//
// LB1:
// %v1 =
// br %LE.split, %LB2
// LB2:
// %v2 =
// br %LE.split2, %LB1
// LE.split:
// %p1 = phi [%v1, %LB1] <-- trivially replaceable
// br %LE
// LE.split2:
// %p2 = phi [%v2, %LB2] <-- trivially replaceable
// br %LE
// LE:
// %p = phi [%p1, %LE.split], [%p2, %LE.split2]
//
const auto &BlockColors = SafetyInfo->getBlockColors();
SmallSetVector<BasicBlock *, 8> PredBBs(pred_begin(ExitBB), pred_end(ExitBB));
while (!PredBBs.empty()) {
BasicBlock *PredBB = *PredBBs.begin();
assert(CurLoop->contains(PredBB) &&
"Expect all predecessors are in the loop");
if (PN->getBasicBlockIndex(PredBB) >= 0) {
BasicBlock *NewPred = SplitBlockPredecessors(
ExitBB, PredBB, ".split.loop.exit", DT, LI, MSSAU, true);
// Since we do not allow splitting EH-block with BlockColors in
// canSplitPredecessors(), we can simply assign predecessor's color to
// the new block.
if (!BlockColors.empty())
// Grab a reference to the ColorVector to be inserted before getting the
// reference to the vector we are copying because inserting the new
// element in BlockColors might cause the map to be reallocated.
SafetyInfo->copyColors(NewPred, PredBB);
}
PredBBs.remove(PredBB);
}
}
/// When an instruction is found to only be used outside of the loop, this
/// function moves it to the exit blocks and patches up SSA form as needed.
/// This method is guaranteed to remove the original instruction from its
/// position, and may either delete it or move it to outside of the loop.
///
static bool sink(Instruction &I, LoopInfo *LI, DominatorTree *DT,
const Loop *CurLoop, ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM sinking instruction: " << I << "\n");
ORE->emit([&]() {
return OptimizationRemark(DEBUG_TYPE, "InstSunk", &I)
<< "sinking " << ore::NV("Inst", &I);
});
bool Changed = false;
if (isa<LoadInst>(I))
++NumMovedLoads;
else if (isa<CallInst>(I))
++NumMovedCalls;
++NumSunk;
// Iterate over users to be ready for actual sinking. Replace users via
// unreachable blocks with undef and make all user PHIs trivially replaceable.
SmallPtrSet<Instruction *, 8> VisitedUsers;
for (Value::user_iterator UI = I.user_begin(), UE = I.user_end(); UI != UE;) {
auto *User = cast<Instruction>(*UI);
Use &U = UI.getUse();
++UI;
if (VisitedUsers.count(User) || CurLoop->contains(User))
continue;
if (!DT->isReachableFromEntry(User->getParent())) {
U = UndefValue::get(I.getType());
Changed = true;
continue;
}
// The user must be a PHI node.
PHINode *PN = cast<PHINode>(User);
// Surprisingly, instructions can be used outside of loops without any
// exits. This can only happen in PHI nodes if the incoming block is
// unreachable.
BasicBlock *BB = PN->getIncomingBlock(U);
if (!DT->isReachableFromEntry(BB)) {
U = UndefValue::get(I.getType());
Changed = true;
continue;
}
VisitedUsers.insert(PN);
if (isTriviallyReplaceablePHI(*PN, I))
continue;
if (!canSplitPredecessors(PN, SafetyInfo))
return Changed;
// Split predecessors of the PHI so that we can make users trivially
// replaceable.
splitPredecessorsOfLoopExit(PN, DT, LI, CurLoop, SafetyInfo, MSSAU);
// Should rebuild the iterators, as they may be invalidated by
// splitPredecessorsOfLoopExit().
UI = I.user_begin();
UE = I.user_end();
}
if (VisitedUsers.empty())
return Changed;
#ifndef NDEBUG
SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 32> ExitBlocks;
CurLoop->getUniqueExitBlocks(ExitBlocks);
SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 32> ExitBlockSet(ExitBlocks.begin(),
ExitBlocks.end());
#endif
// Clones of this instruction. Don't create more than one per exit block!
SmallDenseMap<BasicBlock *, Instruction *, 32> SunkCopies;
// If this instruction is only used outside of the loop, then all users are
// PHI nodes in exit blocks due to LCSSA form. Just RAUW them with clones of
// the instruction.
SmallSetVector<User*, 8> Users(I.user_begin(), I.user_end());
for (auto *UI : Users) {
auto *User = cast<Instruction>(UI);
if (CurLoop->contains(User))
continue;
PHINode *PN = cast<PHINode>(User);
assert(ExitBlockSet.count(PN->getParent()) &&
"The LCSSA PHI is not in an exit block!");
// The PHI must be trivially replaceable.
Instruction *New = sinkThroughTriviallyReplaceablePHI(
PN, &I, LI, SunkCopies, SafetyInfo, CurLoop, MSSAU);
PN->replaceAllUsesWith(New);
eraseInstruction(*PN, *SafetyInfo, nullptr, nullptr);
Changed = true;
}
return Changed;
}
/// When an instruction is found to only use loop invariant operands that
/// is safe to hoist, this instruction is called to do the dirty work.
///
static void hoist(Instruction &I, const DominatorTree *DT, const Loop *CurLoop,
BasicBlock *Dest, ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM hoisting to " << Dest->getName() << ": " << I
<< "\n");
ORE->emit([&]() {
return OptimizationRemark(DEBUG_TYPE, "Hoisted", &I) << "hoisting "
<< ore::NV("Inst", &I);
});
// Metadata can be dependent on conditions we are hoisting above.
// Conservatively strip all metadata on the instruction unless we were
// guaranteed to execute I if we entered the loop, in which case the metadata
// is valid in the loop preheader.
if (I.hasMetadataOtherThanDebugLoc() &&
// The check on hasMetadataOtherThanDebugLoc is to prevent us from burning
// time in isGuaranteedToExecute if we don't actually have anything to
// drop. It is a compile time optimization, not required for correctness.
!SafetyInfo->isGuaranteedToExecute(I, DT, CurLoop))
I.dropUnknownNonDebugMetadata();
if (isa<PHINode>(I))
// Move the new node to the end of the phi list in the destination block.
moveInstructionBefore(I, *Dest->getFirstNonPHI(), *SafetyInfo, MSSAU);
else
// Move the new node to the destination block, before its terminator.
moveInstructionBefore(I, *Dest->getTerminator(), *SafetyInfo, MSSAU);
// Do not retain debug locations when we are moving instructions to different
// basic blocks, because we want to avoid jumpy line tables. Calls, however,
// need to retain their debug locs because they may be inlined.
// FIXME: How do we retain source locations without causing poor debugging
// behavior?
if (!isa<CallInst>(I))
I.setDebugLoc(DebugLoc());
if (isa<LoadInst>(I))
++NumMovedLoads;
else if (isa<CallInst>(I))
++NumMovedCalls;
++NumHoisted;
}
/// Only sink or hoist an instruction if it is not a trapping instruction,
/// or if the instruction is known not to trap when moved to the preheader.
/// or if it is a trapping instruction and is guaranteed to execute.
static bool isSafeToExecuteUnconditionally(Instruction &Inst,
const DominatorTree *DT,
const Loop *CurLoop,
const LoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo,
OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE,
const Instruction *CtxI) {
if (isSafeToSpeculativelyExecute(&Inst, CtxI, DT))
return true;
bool GuaranteedToExecute =
SafetyInfo->isGuaranteedToExecute(Inst, DT, CurLoop);
if (!GuaranteedToExecute) {
auto *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(&Inst);
if (LI && CurLoop->isLoopInvariant(LI->getPointerOperand()))
ORE->emit([&]() {
return OptimizationRemarkMissed(
DEBUG_TYPE, "LoadWithLoopInvariantAddressCondExecuted", LI)
<< "failed to hoist load with loop-invariant address "
"because load is conditionally executed";
});
}
return GuaranteedToExecute;
}
namespace {
class LoopPromoter : public LoadAndStorePromoter {
Value *SomePtr; // Designated pointer to store to.
const SmallSetVector<Value *, 8> &PointerMustAliases;
SmallVectorImpl<BasicBlock *> &LoopExitBlocks;
SmallVectorImpl<Instruction *> &LoopInsertPts;
SmallVectorImpl<MemoryAccess *> &MSSAInsertPts;
PredIteratorCache &PredCache;
AliasSetTracker &AST;
MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU;
LoopInfo &LI;
DebugLoc DL;
int Alignment;
bool UnorderedAtomic;
AAMDNodes AATags;
ICFLoopSafetyInfo &SafetyInfo;
Value *maybeInsertLCSSAPHI(Value *V, BasicBlock *BB) const {
if (Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V))
if (Loop *L = LI.getLoopFor(I->getParent()))
if (!L->contains(BB)) {
// We need to create an LCSSA PHI node for the incoming value and
// store that.
PHINode *PN = PHINode::Create(I->getType(), PredCache.size(BB),
I->getName() + ".lcssa", &BB->front());
for (BasicBlock *Pred : PredCache.get(BB))
PN->addIncoming(I, Pred);
return PN;
}
return V;
}
public:
LoopPromoter(Value *SP, ArrayRef<const Instruction *> Insts, SSAUpdater &S,
const SmallSetVector<Value *, 8> &PMA,
SmallVectorImpl<BasicBlock *> &LEB,
SmallVectorImpl<Instruction *> &LIP,
SmallVectorImpl<MemoryAccess *> &MSSAIP, PredIteratorCache &PIC,
AliasSetTracker &ast, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU, LoopInfo &li,
DebugLoc dl, int alignment, bool UnorderedAtomic,
const AAMDNodes &AATags, ICFLoopSafetyInfo &SafetyInfo)
: LoadAndStorePromoter(Insts, S), SomePtr(SP), PointerMustAliases(PMA),
LoopExitBlocks(LEB), LoopInsertPts(LIP), MSSAInsertPts(MSSAIP),
PredCache(PIC), AST(ast), MSSAU(MSSAU), LI(li), DL(std::move(dl)),
Alignment(alignment), UnorderedAtomic(UnorderedAtomic), AATags(AATags),
SafetyInfo(SafetyInfo) {}
bool isInstInList(Instruction *I,
const SmallVectorImpl<Instruction *> &) const override {
Value *Ptr;
if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(I))
Ptr = LI->getOperand(0);
else
Ptr = cast<StoreInst>(I)->getPointerOperand();
return PointerMustAliases.count(Ptr);
}
void doExtraRewritesBeforeFinalDeletion() override {
// Insert stores after in the loop exit blocks. Each exit block gets a
// store of the live-out values that feed them. Since we've already told
// the SSA updater about the defs in the loop and the preheader
// definition, it is all set and we can start using it.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = LoopExitBlocks.size(); i != e; ++i) {
BasicBlock *ExitBlock = LoopExitBlocks[i];
Value *LiveInValue = SSA.GetValueInMiddleOfBlock(ExitBlock);
LiveInValue = maybeInsertLCSSAPHI(LiveInValue, ExitBlock);
Value *Ptr = maybeInsertLCSSAPHI(SomePtr, ExitBlock);
Instruction *InsertPos = LoopInsertPts[i];
StoreInst *NewSI = new StoreInst(LiveInValue, Ptr, InsertPos);
if (UnorderedAtomic)
NewSI->setOrdering(AtomicOrdering::Unordered);
NewSI->setAlignment(Alignment);
NewSI->setDebugLoc(DL);
if (AATags)
NewSI->setAAMetadata(AATags);
if (MSSAU) {
MemoryAccess *MSSAInsertPoint = MSSAInsertPts[i];
MemoryAccess *NewMemAcc;
if (!MSSAInsertPoint) {
NewMemAcc = MSSAU->createMemoryAccessInBB(
NewSI, nullptr, NewSI->getParent(), MemorySSA::Beginning);
} else {
NewMemAcc =
MSSAU->createMemoryAccessAfter(NewSI, nullptr, MSSAInsertPoint);
}
MSSAInsertPts[i] = NewMemAcc;
MSSAU->insertDef(cast<MemoryDef>(NewMemAcc), true);
// FIXME: true for safety, false may still be correct.
}
}
}
void replaceLoadWithValue(LoadInst *LI, Value *V) const override {
// Update alias analysis.
AST.copyValue(LI, V);
}
void instructionDeleted(Instruction *I) const override {
SafetyInfo.removeInstruction(I);
AST.deleteValue(I);
if (MSSAU)
MSSAU->removeMemoryAccess(I);
}
};
/// Return true iff we can prove that a caller of this function can not inspect
/// the contents of the provided object in a well defined program.
bool isKnownNonEscaping(Value *Object, const TargetLibraryInfo *TLI) {
if (isa<AllocaInst>(Object))
// Since the alloca goes out of scope, we know the caller can't retain a
// reference to it and be well defined. Thus, we don't need to check for
// capture.
return true;
// For all other objects we need to know that the caller can't possibly
// have gotten a reference to the object. There are two components of
// that:
// 1) Object can't be escaped by this function. This is what
// PointerMayBeCaptured checks.
// 2) Object can't have been captured at definition site. For this, we
// need to know the return value is noalias. At the moment, we use a
// weaker condition and handle only AllocLikeFunctions (which are
// known to be noalias). TODO
return isAllocLikeFn(Object, TLI) &&
!PointerMayBeCaptured(Object, true, true);
}
} // namespace
/// Try to promote memory values to scalars by sinking stores out of the
/// loop and moving loads to before the loop. We do this by looping over
/// the stores in the loop, looking for stores to Must pointers which are
/// loop invariant.
///
bool llvm::promoteLoopAccessesToScalars(
const SmallSetVector<Value *, 8> &PointerMustAliases,
SmallVectorImpl<BasicBlock *> &ExitBlocks,
SmallVectorImpl<Instruction *> &InsertPts,
SmallVectorImpl<MemoryAccess *> &MSSAInsertPts, PredIteratorCache &PIC,
LoopInfo *LI, DominatorTree *DT, const TargetLibraryInfo *TLI,
Loop *CurLoop, AliasSetTracker *CurAST, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU,
ICFLoopSafetyInfo *SafetyInfo, OptimizationRemarkEmitter *ORE) {
// Verify inputs.
assert(LI != nullptr && DT != nullptr && CurLoop != nullptr &&
CurAST != nullptr && SafetyInfo != nullptr &&
"Unexpected Input to promoteLoopAccessesToScalars");
Value *SomePtr = *PointerMustAliases.begin();
BasicBlock *Preheader = CurLoop->getLoopPreheader();
// It is not safe to promote a load/store from the loop if the load/store is
// conditional. For example, turning:
//
// for () { if (c) *P += 1; }
//
// into:
//
// tmp = *P; for () { if (c) tmp +=1; } *P = tmp;
//
// is not safe, because *P may only be valid to access if 'c' is true.
//
// The safety property divides into two parts:
// p1) The memory may not be dereferenceable on entry to the loop. In this
// case, we can't insert the required load in the preheader.
// p2) The memory model does not allow us to insert a store along any dynamic
// path which did not originally have one.
//
// If at least one store is guaranteed to execute, both properties are
// satisfied, and promotion is legal.
//
// This, however, is not a necessary condition. Even if no store/load is
// guaranteed to execute, we can still establish these properties.
// We can establish (p1) by proving that hoisting the load into the preheader
// is safe (i.e. proving dereferenceability on all paths through the loop). We
// can use any access within the alias set to prove dereferenceability,
// since they're all must alias.
//
// There are two ways establish (p2):
// a) Prove the location is thread-local. In this case the memory model
// requirement does not apply, and stores are safe to insert.
// b) Prove a store dominates every exit block. In this case, if an exit
// blocks is reached, the original dynamic path would have taken us through
// the store, so inserting a store into the exit block is safe. Note that this
// is different from the store being guaranteed to execute. For instance,
// if an exception is thrown on the first iteration of the loop, the original
// store is never executed, but the exit blocks are not executed either.
bool DereferenceableInPH = false;
bool SafeToInsertStore = false;
SmallVector<Instruction *, 64> LoopUses;
// We start with an alignment of one and try to find instructions that allow
// us to prove better alignment.
unsigned Alignment = 1;
// Keep track of which types of access we see
bool SawUnorderedAtomic = false;
bool SawNotAtomic = false;
AAMDNodes AATags;
const DataLayout &MDL = Preheader->getModule()->getDataLayout();
bool IsKnownThreadLocalObject = false;
if (SafetyInfo->anyBlockMayThrow()) {
// If a loop can throw, we have to insert a store along each unwind edge.
// That said, we can't actually make the unwind edge explicit. Therefore,
// we have to prove that the store is dead along the unwind edge. We do
// this by proving that the caller can't have a reference to the object
// after return and thus can't possibly load from the object.
Value *Object = GetUnderlyingObject(SomePtr, MDL);
if (!isKnownNonEscaping(Object, TLI))
return false;
// Subtlety: Alloca's aren't visible to callers, but *are* potentially
// visible to other threads if captured and used during their lifetimes.
IsKnownThreadLocalObject = !isa<AllocaInst>(Object);
}
// Check that all of the pointers in the alias set have the same type. We
// cannot (yet) promote a memory location that is loaded and stored in
// different sizes. While we are at it, collect alignment and AA info.
for (Value *ASIV : PointerMustAliases) {
// Check that all of the pointers in the alias set have the same type. We
// cannot (yet) promote a memory location that is loaded and stored in
// different sizes.
if (SomePtr->getType() != ASIV->getType())
return false;
for (User *U : ASIV->users()) {
// Ignore instructions that are outside the loop.
Instruction *UI = dyn_cast<Instruction>(U);
if (!UI || !CurLoop->contains(UI))
continue;
// If there is an non-load/store instruction in the loop, we can't promote
// it.
if (LoadInst *Load = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(UI)) {
if (!Load->isUnordered())
return false;
SawUnorderedAtomic |= Load->isAtomic();
SawNotAtomic |= !Load->isAtomic();
unsigned InstAlignment = Load->getAlignment();
if (!InstAlignment)
InstAlignment =
MDL.getABITypeAlignment(Load->getType());
// Note that proving a load safe to speculate requires proving
// sufficient alignment at the target location. Proving it guaranteed
// to execute does as well. Thus we can increase our guaranteed
// alignment as well.
if (!DereferenceableInPH || (InstAlignment > Alignment))
if (isSafeToExecuteUnconditionally(*Load, DT, CurLoop, SafetyInfo,
ORE, Preheader->getTerminator())) {
DereferenceableInPH = true;
Alignment = std::max(Alignment, InstAlignment);
}
} else if (const StoreInst *Store = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(UI)) {
// Stores *of* the pointer are not interesting, only stores *to* the
// pointer.
if (UI->getOperand(1) != ASIV)
continue;
if (!Store->isUnordered())
return false;
SawUnorderedAtomic |= Store->isAtomic();
SawNotAtomic |= !Store->isAtomic();
// If the store is guaranteed to execute, both properties are satisfied.
// We may want to check if a store is guaranteed to execute even if we
// already know that promotion is safe, since it may have higher
// alignment than any other guaranteed stores, in which case we can
// raise the alignment on the promoted store.
unsigned InstAlignment = Store->getAlignment();
if (!InstAlignment)
InstAlignment =
MDL.getABITypeAlignment(Store->getValueOperand()->getType());
if (!DereferenceableInPH || !SafeToInsertStore ||
(InstAlignment > Alignment)) {
if (SafetyInfo->isGuaranteedToExecute(*UI, DT, CurLoop)) {
DereferenceableInPH = true;
SafeToInsertStore = true;
Alignment = std::max(Alignment, InstAlignment);
}
}
// If a store dominates all exit blocks, it is safe to sink.
// As explained above, if an exit block was executed, a dominating
// store must have been executed at least once, so we are not
// introducing stores on paths that did not have them.
// Note that this only looks at explicit exit blocks. If we ever
// start sinking stores into unwind edges (see above), this will break.
if (!SafeToInsertStore)
SafeToInsertStore = llvm::all_of(ExitBlocks, [&](BasicBlock *Exit) {
return DT->dominates(Store->getParent(), Exit);
});
// If the store is not guaranteed to execute, we may still get
// deref info through it.
if (!DereferenceableInPH) {
DereferenceableInPH = isDereferenceableAndAlignedPointer(
Store->getPointerOperand(), Store->getAlignment(), MDL,
Preheader->getTerminator(), DT);
}
} else
return false; // Not a load or store.
// Merge the AA tags.
if (LoopUses.empty()) {
// On the first load/store, just take its AA tags.
UI->getAAMetadata(AATags);
} else if (AATags) {
UI->getAAMetadata(AATags, /* Merge = */ true);
}
LoopUses.push_back(UI);
}
}
// If we found both an unordered atomic instruction and a non-atomic memory
// access, bail. We can't blindly promote non-atomic to atomic since we
// might not be able to lower the result. We can't downgrade since that
// would violate memory model. Also, align 0 is an error for atomics.
if (SawUnorderedAtomic && SawNotAtomic)
return false;
// If we're inserting an atomic load in the preheader, we must be able to
// lower it. We're only guaranteed to be able to lower naturally aligned
// atomics.
auto *SomePtrElemType = SomePtr->getType()->getPointerElementType();
if (SawUnorderedAtomic &&
Alignment < MDL.getTypeStoreSize(SomePtrElemType))
return false;
// If we couldn't prove we can hoist the load, bail.
if (!DereferenceableInPH)
return false;
// We know we can hoist the load, but don't have a guaranteed store.
// Check whether the location is thread-local. If it is, then we can insert
// stores along paths which originally didn't have them without violating the
// memory model.
if (!SafeToInsertStore) {
if (IsKnownThreadLocalObject)
SafeToInsertStore = true;
else {
Value *Object = GetUnderlyingObject(SomePtr, MDL);
SafeToInsertStore =
(isAllocLikeFn(Object, TLI) || isa<AllocaInst>(Object)) &&
!PointerMayBeCaptured(Object, true, true);
}
}
// If we've still failed to prove we can sink the store, give up.
if (!SafeToInsertStore)
return false;
// Otherwise, this is safe to promote, lets do it!
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LICM: Promoting value stored to in loop: " << *SomePtr
<< '\n');
ORE->emit([&]() {
return OptimizationRemark(DEBUG_TYPE, "PromoteLoopAccessesToScalar",
LoopUses[0])
<< "Moving accesses to memory location out of the loop";
});
++NumPromoted;
// Grab a debug location for the inserted loads/stores; given that the
// inserted loads/stores have little relation to the original loads/stores,
// this code just arbitrarily picks a location from one, since any debug
// location is better than none.
DebugLoc DL = LoopUses[0]->getDebugLoc();
// We use the SSAUpdater interface to insert phi nodes as required.
SmallVector<PHINode *, 16> NewPHIs;
SSAUpdater SSA(&NewPHIs);
LoopPromoter Promoter(SomePtr, LoopUses, SSA, PointerMustAliases, ExitBlocks,
InsertPts, MSSAInsertPts, PIC, *CurAST, MSSAU, *LI, DL,
Alignment, SawUnorderedAtomic, AATags, *SafetyInfo);
// Set up the preheader to have a definition of the value. It is the live-out
// value from the preheader that uses in the loop will use.
LoadInst *PreheaderLoad = new LoadInst(
SomePtr->getType()->getPointerElementType(), SomePtr,
SomePtr->getName() + ".promoted", Preheader->getTerminator());
if (SawUnorderedAtomic)
PreheaderLoad->setOrdering(AtomicOrdering::Unordered);
PreheaderLoad->setAlignment(Alignment);
PreheaderLoad->setDebugLoc(DL);
if (AATags)
PreheaderLoad->setAAMetadata(AATags);
SSA.AddAvailableValue(Preheader, PreheaderLoad);
MemoryAccess *PreheaderLoadMemoryAccess;
if (MSSAU) {
PreheaderLoadMemoryAccess = MSSAU->createMemoryAccessInBB(
PreheaderLoad, nullptr, PreheaderLoad->getParent(), MemorySSA::End);
MemoryUse *NewMemUse = cast<MemoryUse>(PreheaderLoadMemoryAccess);
MSSAU->insertUse(NewMemUse);
}
// Rewrite all the loads in the loop and remember all the definitions from
// stores in the loop.
Promoter.run(LoopUses);
if (MSSAU && VerifyMemorySSA)
MSSAU->getMemorySSA()->verifyMemorySSA();
// If the SSAUpdater didn't use the load in the preheader, just zap it now.
if (PreheaderLoad->use_empty())
eraseInstruction(*PreheaderLoad, *SafetyInfo, CurAST, MSSAU);
return true;
}
/// Returns an owning pointer to an alias set which incorporates aliasing info
/// from L and all subloops of L.
/// FIXME: In new pass manager, there is no helper function to handle loop
/// analysis such as cloneBasicBlockAnalysis, so the AST needs to be recomputed
/// from scratch for every loop. Hook up with the helper functions when
/// available in the new pass manager to avoid redundant computation.
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker>
LoopInvariantCodeMotion::collectAliasInfoForLoop(Loop *L, LoopInfo *LI,
AliasAnalysis *AA) {
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker> CurAST;
SmallVector<Loop *, 4> RecomputeLoops;
for (Loop *InnerL : L->getSubLoops()) {
auto MapI = LoopToAliasSetMap.find(InnerL);
// If the AST for this inner loop is missing it may have been merged into
// some other loop's AST and then that loop unrolled, and so we need to
// recompute it.
if (MapI == LoopToAliasSetMap.end()) {
RecomputeLoops.push_back(InnerL);
continue;
}
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker> InnerAST = std::move(MapI->second);
if (CurAST) {
// What if InnerLoop was modified by other passes ?
// Once we've incorporated the inner loop's AST into ours, we don't need
// the subloop's anymore.
CurAST->add(*InnerAST);
} else {
CurAST = std::move(InnerAST);
}
LoopToAliasSetMap.erase(MapI);
}
if (!CurAST)
CurAST = make_unique<AliasSetTracker>(*AA);
// Add everything from the sub loops that are no longer directly available.
for (Loop *InnerL : RecomputeLoops)
for (BasicBlock *BB : InnerL->blocks())
CurAST->add(*BB);
// And merge in this loop (without anything from inner loops).
for (BasicBlock *BB : L->blocks())
if (LI->getLoopFor(BB) == L)
CurAST->add(*BB);
return CurAST;
}
std::unique_ptr<AliasSetTracker>
LoopInvariantCodeMotion::collectAliasInfoForLoopWithMSSA(
Loop *L, AliasAnalysis *AA, MemorySSAUpdater *MSSAU) {
auto *MSSA = MSSAU->getMemorySSA();
auto CurAST = make_unique<AliasSetTracker>(*AA, MSSA, L);
CurAST->addAllInstructionsInLoopUsingMSSA();
return CurAST;
}
/// Simple analysis hook. Clone alias set info.
///
void LegacyLICMPass::cloneBasicBlockAnalysis(BasicBlock *From, BasicBlock *To,
Loop *L) {
auto ASTIt = LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().find(L);
if (ASTIt == LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().end())
return;
ASTIt->second->copyValue(From, To);
}
/// Simple Analysis hook. Delete value V from alias set
///
void LegacyLICMPass::deleteAnalysisValue(Value *V, Loop *L) {
auto ASTIt = LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().find(L);
if (ASTIt == LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().end())
return;
ASTIt->second->deleteValue(V);
}
/// Simple Analysis hook. Delete value L from alias set map.
///
void LegacyLICMPass::deleteAnalysisLoop(Loop *L) {
if (!LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().count(L))
return;
LICM.getLoopToAliasSetMap().erase(L);
}
static bool pointerInvalidatedByLoop(MemoryLocation MemLoc,
AliasSetTracker *CurAST, Loop *CurLoop,
AliasAnalysis *AA) {
// First check to see if any of the basic blocks in CurLoop invalidate *V.
bool isInvalidatedAccordingToAST = CurAST->getAliasSetFor(MemLoc).isMod();
if (!isInvalidatedAccordingToAST || !LICMN2Theshold)
return isInvalidatedAccordingToAST;
// Check with a diagnostic analysis if we can refine the information above.
// This is to identify the limitations of using the AST.
// The alias set mechanism used by LICM has a major weakness in that it
// combines all things which may alias into a single set *before* asking
// modref questions. As a result, a single readonly call within a loop will
// collapse all loads and stores into a single alias set and report
// invalidation if the loop contains any store. For example, readonly calls
// with deopt states have this form and create a general alias set with all
// loads and stores. In order to get any LICM in loops containing possible
// deopt states we need a more precise invalidation of checking the mod ref
// info of each instruction within the loop and LI. This has a complexity of
// O(N^2), so currently, it is used only as a diagnostic tool since the
// default value of LICMN2Threshold is zero.
// Don't look at nested loops.
if (CurLoop->begin() != CurLoop->end())
return true;
int N = 0;
for (BasicBlock *BB : CurLoop->getBlocks())
for (Instruction &I : *BB) {
if (N >= LICMN2Theshold) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Alasing N2 threshold exhausted for "
<< *(MemLoc.Ptr) << "\n");
return true;
}
N++;
auto Res = AA->getModRefInfo(&I, MemLoc);
if (isModSet(Res)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Aliasing failed on " << I << " for "
<< *(MemLoc.Ptr) << "\n");
return true;
}
}
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Aliasing okay for " << *(MemLoc.Ptr) << "\n");
return false;
}
static bool pointerInvalidatedByLoopWithMSSA(MemorySSA *MSSA, MemoryUse *MU,
Loop *CurLoop,
int &LicmMssaOptCounter) {
MemoryAccess *Source;
// See declaration of LicmMssaOptCap for usage details.
if (LicmMssaOptCounter >= LicmMssaOptCap)
Source = MU->getDefiningAccess();
else {
Source = MSSA->getSkipSelfWalker()->getClobberingMemoryAccess(MU);
LicmMssaOptCounter++;
}
return !MSSA->isLiveOnEntryDef(Source) &&
CurLoop->contains(Source->getBlock());
}
/// Little predicate that returns true if the specified basic block is in
/// a subloop of the current one, not the current one itself.
///
static bool inSubLoop(BasicBlock *BB, Loop *CurLoop, LoopInfo *LI) {
assert(CurLoop->contains(BB) && "Only valid if BB is IN the loop");
return LI->getLoopFor(BB) != CurLoop;
}
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