llvm-project/lldb/source/Commands/CommandObjectProcess.cpp

1837 lines
66 KiB
C++

//===-- CommandObjectProcess.cpp --------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "CommandObjectProcess.h"
// C Includes
// C++ Includes
// Other libraries and framework includes
// Project includes
#include "lldb/Interpreter/Args.h"
#include "lldb/Interpreter/Options.h"
#include "lldb/Core/State.h"
#include "lldb/Host/Host.h"
#include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandInterpreter.h"
#include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandReturnObject.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Platform.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Process.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Thread.h"
using namespace lldb;
using namespace lldb_private;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessLaunch
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProjectLaunch
class CommandObjectProcessLaunch : public CommandObject
{
public:
class CommandOptions : public Options
{
public:
CommandOptions (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
Options(interpreter)
{
// Keep default values of all options in one place: OptionParsingStarting ()
OptionParsingStarting ();
}
~CommandOptions ()
{
}
Error
SetOptionValue (uint32_t option_idx, const char *option_arg)
{
Error error;
char short_option = (char) m_getopt_table[option_idx].val;
switch (short_option)
{
case 's': stop_at_entry = true; break;
case 'e': stderr_path.assign (option_arg); break;
case 'i': stdin_path.assign (option_arg); break;
case 'o': stdout_path.assign (option_arg); break;
case 'p': plugin_name.assign (option_arg); break;
case 'n': no_stdio = true; break;
case 'w': working_dir.assign (option_arg); break;
case 't':
if (option_arg && option_arg[0])
tty_name.assign (option_arg);
in_new_tty = true;
break;
default:
error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("invalid short option character '%c'", short_option);
break;
}
return error;
}
void
OptionParsingStarting ()
{
stop_at_entry = false;
in_new_tty = false;
tty_name.clear();
stdin_path.clear();
stdout_path.clear();
stderr_path.clear();
plugin_name.clear();
working_dir.clear();
no_stdio = false;
}
const OptionDefinition*
GetDefinitions ()
{
return g_option_table;
}
// Options table: Required for subclasses of Options.
static OptionDefinition g_option_table[];
// Instance variables to hold the values for command options.
bool stop_at_entry;
bool in_new_tty;
bool no_stdio;
std::string tty_name;
std::string stderr_path;
std::string stdin_path;
std::string stdout_path;
std::string plugin_name;
std::string working_dir;
};
CommandObjectProcessLaunch (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process launch",
"Launch the executable in the debugger.",
NULL),
m_options (interpreter)
{
CommandArgumentEntry arg;
CommandArgumentData run_args_arg;
// Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
run_args_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeRunArgs;
run_args_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatOptional;
// There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the argument entry.
arg.push_back (run_args_arg);
// Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
m_arguments.push_back (arg);
}
~CommandObjectProcessLaunch ()
{
}
Options *
GetOptions ()
{
return &m_options;
}
bool
Execute (Args& launch_args, CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Target *target = m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetSelectedTarget().get();
if (target == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("invalid target, create a debug target using the 'target create' command");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
// If our listener is NULL, users aren't allows to launch
char filename[PATH_MAX];
const Module *exe_module = target->GetExecutableModulePointer();
if (exe_module == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("no file in target, create a debug target using the 'target create' command");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
exe_module->GetFileSpec().GetPath(filename, sizeof(filename));
StateType state = eStateInvalid;
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process)
{
state = process->GetState();
if (process->IsAlive() && state != eStateConnected)
{
char message[1024];
if (process->GetState() == eStateAttaching)
::strncpy (message, "There is a pending attach, abort it and launch a new process?", sizeof(message));
else
::strncpy (message, "There is a running process, kill it and restart?", sizeof(message));
if (!m_interpreter.Confirm (message, true))
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
else
{
Error error (process->Destroy());
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Failed to kill process: %s\n", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
}
}
if (state != eStateConnected)
{
const char *plugin_name;
if (!m_options.plugin_name.empty())
plugin_name = m_options.plugin_name.c_str();
else
plugin_name = NULL;
process = target->CreateProcess (m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetListener(), plugin_name).get();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Failed to find a process plugin for executable.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
}
// If no launch args were given on the command line, then use any that
// might have been set using the "run-args" set variable.
if (launch_args.GetArgumentCount() == 0)
{
if (process->GetRunArguments().GetArgumentCount() > 0)
launch_args = process->GetRunArguments();
}
if (m_options.in_new_tty)
{
if (state == eStateConnected)
{
result.AppendWarning("launch in tty option is ignored when launching through a remote connection");
m_options.in_new_tty = false;
}
else
{
char exec_file_path[PATH_MAX];
if (exe_module->GetFileSpec().GetPath(exec_file_path, sizeof(exec_file_path)))
{
launch_args.InsertArgumentAtIndex(0, exec_file_path);
}
else
{
result.AppendError("invalid executable");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
}
}
Args environment;
process->GetEnvironmentAsArgs (environment);
uint32_t launch_flags = eLaunchFlagNone;
if (process->GetDisableASLR())
launch_flags |= eLaunchFlagDisableASLR;
if (m_options.in_new_tty)
launch_flags |= eLaunchFlagLaunchInTTY;
if (m_options.no_stdio)
launch_flags |= eLaunchFlagDisableSTDIO;
else if (!m_options.in_new_tty
&& m_options.stdin_path.empty()
&& m_options.stdout_path.empty()
&& m_options.stderr_path.empty())
{
// Only use the settings value if the user hasn't specified any options that would override it.
if (process->GetDisableSTDIO())
launch_flags |= eLaunchFlagDisableSTDIO;
}
const char **inferior_argv = launch_args.GetArgumentCount() ? launch_args.GetConstArgumentVector() : NULL;
const char **inferior_envp = environment.GetArgumentCount() ? environment.GetConstArgumentVector() : NULL;
Error error;
const char *working_dir = NULL;
if (!m_options.working_dir.empty())
working_dir = m_options.working_dir.c_str();
const char * stdin_path = NULL;
const char * stdout_path = NULL;
const char * stderr_path = NULL;
// Were any standard input/output/error paths given on the command line?
if (m_options.stdin_path.empty() &&
m_options.stdout_path.empty() &&
m_options.stderr_path.empty())
{
// No standard file handles were given on the command line, check
// with the process object in case they were give using "set settings"
stdin_path = process->GetStandardInputPath();
stdout_path = process->GetStandardOutputPath();
stderr_path = process->GetStandardErrorPath();
}
else
{
stdin_path = m_options.stdin_path.empty() ? NULL : m_options.stdin_path.c_str();
stdout_path = m_options.stdout_path.empty() ? NULL : m_options.stdout_path.c_str();
stderr_path = m_options.stderr_path.empty() ? NULL : m_options.stderr_path.c_str();
}
error = process->Launch (inferior_argv,
inferior_envp,
launch_flags,
stdin_path,
stdout_path,
stderr_path,
working_dir);
if (error.Success())
{
const char *archname = exe_module->GetArchitecture().GetArchitectureName();
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Process %llu launched: '%s' (%s)\n", process->GetID(), filename, archname);
result.SetDidChangeProcessState (true);
if (m_options.stop_at_entry == false)
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessContinuingNoResult);
StateType state = process->WaitForProcessToStop (NULL);
if (state == eStateStopped)
{
error = process->Resume();
if (error.Success())
{
bool synchronous_execution = m_interpreter.GetSynchronous ();
if (synchronous_execution)
{
state = process->WaitForProcessToStop (NULL);
if (!StateIsStoppedState(state))
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Process isn't stopped: %s", StateAsCString(state));
}
result.SetDidChangeProcessState (true);
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessContinuingNoResult);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Process resume at entry point failed: %s", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Initial process state wasn't stopped: %s", StateAsCString(state));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("process launch failed: %s", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
virtual const char *GetRepeatCommand (Args &current_command_args, uint32_t index)
{
// No repeat for "process launch"...
return "";
}
protected:
CommandOptions m_options;
};
#define SET1 LLDB_OPT_SET_1
#define SET2 LLDB_OPT_SET_2
#define SET3 LLDB_OPT_SET_3
OptionDefinition
CommandObjectProcessLaunch::CommandOptions::g_option_table[] =
{
{ SET1 | SET2 | SET3, false, "stop-at-entry", 's', no_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, "Stop at the entry point of the program when launching a process."},
{ SET1 , false, "stdin", 'i', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePath, "Redirect stdin for the process to <path>."},
{ SET1 , false, "stdout", 'o', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePath, "Redirect stdout for the process to <path>."},
{ SET1 , false, "stderr", 'e', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePath, "Redirect stderr for the process to <path>."},
{ SET1 | SET2 | SET3, false, "plugin", 'p', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePlugin, "Name of the process plugin you want to use."},
{ SET2 , false, "tty", 't', optional_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePath, "Start the process in a terminal. If <path> is specified, look for a terminal whose name contains <path>, else start the process in a new terminal."},
{ SET3, false, "no-stdio", 'n', no_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, "Do not set up for terminal I/O to go to running process."},
{ SET1 | SET2 | SET3, false, "working-dir", 'w', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePath, "Set the current working directory to <path> when running the inferior."},
{ 0, false, NULL, 0, 0, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, NULL }
};
#undef SET1
#undef SET2
#undef SET3
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessAttach
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessAttach
class CommandObjectProcessAttach : public CommandObject
{
public:
class CommandOptions : public Options
{
public:
CommandOptions (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
Options(interpreter)
{
// Keep default values of all options in one place: OptionParsingStarting ()
OptionParsingStarting ();
}
~CommandOptions ()
{
}
Error
SetOptionValue (uint32_t option_idx, const char *option_arg)
{
Error error;
char short_option = (char) m_getopt_table[option_idx].val;
bool success = false;
switch (short_option)
{
case 'p':
pid = Args::StringToUInt32 (option_arg, LLDB_INVALID_PROCESS_ID, 0, &success);
if (!success || pid == LLDB_INVALID_PROCESS_ID)
{
error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("invalid process ID '%s'", option_arg);
}
break;
case 'P':
plugin_name = option_arg;
break;
case 'n':
name.assign(option_arg);
break;
case 'w':
waitfor = true;
break;
default:
error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("invalid short option character '%c'", short_option);
break;
}
return error;
}
void
OptionParsingStarting ()
{
pid = LLDB_INVALID_PROCESS_ID;
name.clear();
waitfor = false;
}
const OptionDefinition*
GetDefinitions ()
{
return g_option_table;
}
virtual bool
HandleOptionArgumentCompletion (Args &input,
int cursor_index,
int char_pos,
OptionElementVector &opt_element_vector,
int opt_element_index,
int match_start_point,
int max_return_elements,
bool &word_complete,
StringList &matches)
{
int opt_arg_pos = opt_element_vector[opt_element_index].opt_arg_pos;
int opt_defs_index = opt_element_vector[opt_element_index].opt_defs_index;
// We are only completing the name option for now...
const OptionDefinition *opt_defs = GetDefinitions();
if (opt_defs[opt_defs_index].short_option == 'n')
{
// Are we in the name?
// Look to see if there is a -P argument provided, and if so use that plugin, otherwise
// use the default plugin.
const char *partial_name = NULL;
partial_name = input.GetArgumentAtIndex(opt_arg_pos);
PlatformSP platform_sp (m_interpreter.GetPlatform (true));
if (platform_sp)
{
ProcessInstanceInfoList process_infos;
ProcessInstanceInfoMatch match_info;
if (partial_name)
{
match_info.GetProcessInfo().SetName(partial_name);
match_info.SetNameMatchType(eNameMatchStartsWith);
}
platform_sp->FindProcesses (match_info, process_infos);
const uint32_t num_matches = process_infos.GetSize();
if (num_matches > 0)
{
for (uint32_t i=0; i<num_matches; ++i)
{
matches.AppendString (process_infos.GetProcessNameAtIndex(i),
process_infos.GetProcessNameLengthAtIndex(i));
}
}
}
}
return false;
}
// Options table: Required for subclasses of Options.
static OptionDefinition g_option_table[];
// Instance variables to hold the values for command options.
lldb::pid_t pid;
std::string plugin_name;
std::string name;
bool waitfor;
};
CommandObjectProcessAttach (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process attach",
"Attach to a process.",
"process attach <cmd-options>"),
m_options (interpreter)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessAttach ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Target *target = m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetSelectedTarget().get();
// N.B. The attach should be synchronous. It doesn't help much to get the prompt back between initiating the attach
// and the target actually stopping. So even if the interpreter is set to be asynchronous, we wait for the stop
// ourselves here.
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
StateType state = eStateInvalid;
if (process)
{
state = process->GetState();
if (process->IsAlive() && state != eStateConnected)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Process %llu is currently being debugged, kill the process before attaching.\n",
process->GetID());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
}
if (target == NULL)
{
// If there isn't a current target create one.
TargetSP new_target_sp;
FileSpec emptyFileSpec;
Error error;
error = m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetTargetList().CreateTarget (m_interpreter.GetDebugger(),
emptyFileSpec,
NULL,
false,
NULL, // No platform options
new_target_sp);
target = new_target_sp.get();
if (target == NULL || error.Fail())
{
result.AppendError(error.AsCString("Error creating target"));
return false;
}
m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetTargetList().SetSelectedTarget(target);
}
// Record the old executable module, we want to issue a warning if the process of attaching changed the
// current executable (like somebody said "file foo" then attached to a PID whose executable was bar.)
ModuleSP old_exec_module_sp = target->GetExecutableModule();
ArchSpec old_arch_spec = target->GetArchitecture();
if (command.GetArgumentCount())
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("Invalid arguments for '%s'.\nUsage: %s\n", m_cmd_name.c_str(), m_cmd_syntax.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
else
{
if (state != eStateConnected)
{
const char *plugin_name = NULL;
if (!m_options.plugin_name.empty())
plugin_name = m_options.plugin_name.c_str();
process = target->CreateProcess (m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetListener(), plugin_name).get();
}
if (process)
{
Error error;
int attach_pid = m_options.pid;
const char *wait_name = NULL;
if (m_options.name.empty())
{
if (old_exec_module_sp)
{
wait_name = old_exec_module_sp->GetFileSpec().GetFilename().AsCString();
}
}
else
{
wait_name = m_options.name.c_str();
}
// If we are waiting for a process with this name to show up, do that first.
if (m_options.waitfor)
{
if (wait_name == NULL)
{
result.AppendError("Invalid arguments: must have a file loaded or supply a process name with the waitfor option.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
result.AppendMessageWithFormat("Waiting to attach to a process named \"%s\".\n", wait_name);
error = process->Attach (wait_name, m_options.waitfor);
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessContinuingNoResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Waiting for a process to launch named '%s': %s\n",
wait_name,
error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
// If we're synchronous, wait for the stopped event and report that.
// Otherwise just return.
// FIXME: in the async case it will now be possible to get to the command
// interpreter with a state eStateAttaching. Make sure we handle that correctly.
StateType state = process->WaitForProcessToStop (NULL);
result.SetDidChangeProcessState (true);
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Process %llu %s\n", process->GetID(), StateAsCString (state));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult);
}
else
{
// If the process was specified by name look it up, so we can warn if there are multiple
// processes with this pid.
if (attach_pid == LLDB_INVALID_PROCESS_ID && wait_name != NULL)
{
ProcessInstanceInfoList process_infos;
PlatformSP platform_sp (m_interpreter.GetPlatform (true));
if (platform_sp)
{
ProcessInstanceInfoMatch match_info (wait_name, eNameMatchEquals);
platform_sp->FindProcesses (match_info, process_infos);
}
if (process_infos.GetSize() > 1)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("More than one process named %s\n", wait_name);
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
else if (process_infos.GetSize() == 0)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("Could not find a process named %s\n", wait_name);
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
else
{
attach_pid = process_infos.GetProcessIDAtIndex (0);
}
}
if (attach_pid != LLDB_INVALID_PROCESS_ID)
{
error = process->Attach (attach_pid);
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessContinuingNoResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Attaching to process %i failed: %s.\n",
attach_pid,
error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
StateType state = process->WaitForProcessToStop (NULL);
result.SetDidChangeProcessState (true);
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Process %llu %s\n", process->GetID(), StateAsCString (state));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("No PID specified for attach\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
}
}
if (result.Succeeded())
{
// Okay, we're done. Last step is to warn if the executable module has changed:
char new_path[PATH_MAX];
ModuleSP new_exec_module_sp (target->GetExecutableModule());
if (!old_exec_module_sp)
{
// We might not have a module if we attached to a raw pid...
if (new_exec_module_sp)
{
new_exec_module_sp->GetFileSpec().GetPath(new_path, PATH_MAX);
result.AppendMessageWithFormat("Executable module set to \"%s\".\n", new_path);
}
}
else if (old_exec_module_sp->GetFileSpec() != new_exec_module_sp->GetFileSpec())
{
char old_path[PATH_MAX];
old_exec_module_sp->GetFileSpec().GetPath (old_path, PATH_MAX);
new_exec_module_sp->GetFileSpec().GetPath (new_path, PATH_MAX);
result.AppendWarningWithFormat("Executable module changed from \"%s\" to \"%s\".\n",
old_path, new_path);
}
if (!old_arch_spec.IsValid())
{
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Architecture set to: %s.\n", target->GetArchitecture().GetArchitectureName());
}
else if (old_arch_spec != target->GetArchitecture())
{
result.AppendWarningWithFormat("Architecture changed from %s to %s.\n",
old_arch_spec.GetArchitectureName(), target->GetArchitecture().GetArchitectureName());
}
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
Options *
GetOptions ()
{
return &m_options;
}
protected:
CommandOptions m_options;
};
OptionDefinition
CommandObjectProcessAttach::CommandOptions::g_option_table[] =
{
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL, false, "plugin", 'P', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePlugin, "Name of the process plugin you want to use."},
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_1, false, "pid", 'p', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePid, "The process ID of an existing process to attach to."},
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_2, false, "name", 'n', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeProcessName, "The name of the process to attach to."},
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_2, false, "waitfor",'w', no_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, "Wait for the the process with <process-name> to launch."},
{ 0, false, NULL, 0, 0, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, NULL }
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessContinue
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessContinue
class CommandObjectProcessContinue : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessContinue (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process continue",
"Continue execution of all threads in the current process.",
"process continue",
eFlagProcessMustBeLaunched | eFlagProcessMustBePaused)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessContinue ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
bool synchronous_execution = m_interpreter.GetSynchronous ();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("no process to continue");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
StateType state = process->GetState();
if (state == eStateStopped)
{
if (command.GetArgumentCount() != 0)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("The '%s' command does not take any arguments.\n", m_cmd_name.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
const uint32_t num_threads = process->GetThreadList().GetSize();
// Set the actions that the threads should each take when resuming
for (uint32_t idx=0; idx<num_threads; ++idx)
{
process->GetThreadList().GetThreadAtIndex(idx)->SetResumeState (eStateRunning);
}
Error error(process->Resume());
if (error.Success())
{
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Process %llu resuming\n", process->GetID());
if (synchronous_execution)
{
state = process->WaitForProcessToStop (NULL);
result.SetDidChangeProcessState (true);
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Process %llu %s\n", process->GetID(), StateAsCString (state));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult);
}
else
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessContinuingNoResult);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("Failed to resume process: %s.\n", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Process cannot be continued from its current state (%s).\n",
StateAsCString(state));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessDetach
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessDetach
class CommandObjectProcessDetach : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessDetach (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process detach",
"Detach from the current process being debugged.",
"process detach",
eFlagProcessMustBeLaunched)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessDetach ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("must have a valid process in order to detach");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Detaching from process %llu\n", process->GetID());
Error error (process->Detach());
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Detach failed: %s\n", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessConnect
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessConnect
class CommandObjectProcessConnect : public CommandObject
{
public:
class CommandOptions : public Options
{
public:
CommandOptions (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
Options(interpreter)
{
// Keep default values of all options in one place: OptionParsingStarting ()
OptionParsingStarting ();
}
~CommandOptions ()
{
}
Error
SetOptionValue (uint32_t option_idx, const char *option_arg)
{
Error error;
char short_option = (char) m_getopt_table[option_idx].val;
switch (short_option)
{
case 'p':
plugin_name.assign (option_arg);
break;
default:
error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("invalid short option character '%c'", short_option);
break;
}
return error;
}
void
OptionParsingStarting ()
{
plugin_name.clear();
}
const OptionDefinition*
GetDefinitions ()
{
return g_option_table;
}
// Options table: Required for subclasses of Options.
static OptionDefinition g_option_table[];
// Instance variables to hold the values for command options.
std::string plugin_name;
};
CommandObjectProcessConnect (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process connect",
"Connect to a remote debug service.",
"process connect <remote-url>",
0),
m_options (interpreter)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessConnect ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
TargetSP target_sp (m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetSelectedTarget());
Error error;
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process)
{
if (process->IsAlive())
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Process %llu is currently being debugged, kill the process before connecting.\n",
process->GetID());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
}
if (!target_sp)
{
// If there isn't a current target create one.
FileSpec emptyFileSpec;
error = m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetTargetList().CreateTarget (m_interpreter.GetDebugger(),
emptyFileSpec,
NULL,
false,
NULL, // No platform options
target_sp);
if (!target_sp || error.Fail())
{
result.AppendError(error.AsCString("Error creating target"));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetTargetList().SetSelectedTarget(target_sp.get());
}
if (command.GetArgumentCount() == 1)
{
const char *plugin_name = NULL;
if (!m_options.plugin_name.empty())
plugin_name = m_options.plugin_name.c_str();
const char *remote_url = command.GetArgumentAtIndex(0);
process = target_sp->CreateProcess (m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetListener(), plugin_name).get();
if (process)
{
error = process->ConnectRemote (remote_url);
if (error.Fail())
{
result.AppendError(error.AsCString("Remote connect failed"));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Unable to find process plug-in for remote URL '%s'.\nPlease specify a process plug-in name with the --plugin option, or specify an object file using the \"file\" command.\n",
m_cmd_name.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("'%s' takes exactly one argument:\nUsage: %s\n",
m_cmd_name.c_str(),
m_cmd_syntax.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
Options *
GetOptions ()
{
return &m_options;
}
protected:
CommandOptions m_options;
};
OptionDefinition
CommandObjectProcessConnect::CommandOptions::g_option_table[] =
{
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL, false, "plugin", 'p', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypePlugin, "Name of the process plugin you want to use."},
{ 0, false, NULL, 0 , 0, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, NULL }
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessLoad
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessLoad
class CommandObjectProcessLoad : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessLoad (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process load",
"Load a shared library into the current process.",
"process load <filename> [<filename> ...]",
eFlagProcessMustBeLaunched | eFlagProcessMustBePaused)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessLoad ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("must have a valid process in order to load a shared library");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
const uint32_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
for (uint32_t i=0; i<argc; ++i)
{
Error error;
const char *image_path = command.GetArgumentAtIndex(i);
FileSpec image_spec (image_path, false);
process->GetTarget().GetPlatform()->ResolveRemotePath(image_spec, image_spec);
uint32_t image_token = process->LoadImage(image_spec, error);
if (image_token != LLDB_INVALID_IMAGE_TOKEN)
{
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Loading \"%s\"...ok\nImage %u loaded.\n", image_path, image_token);
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("failed to load '%s': %s", image_path, error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessUnload
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessUnload
class CommandObjectProcessUnload : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessUnload (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process unload",
"Unload a shared library from the current process using the index returned by a previous call to \"process load\".",
"process unload <index>",
eFlagProcessMustBeLaunched | eFlagProcessMustBePaused)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessUnload ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("must have a valid process in order to load a shared library");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
const uint32_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
for (uint32_t i=0; i<argc; ++i)
{
const char *image_token_cstr = command.GetArgumentAtIndex(i);
uint32_t image_token = Args::StringToUInt32(image_token_cstr, LLDB_INVALID_IMAGE_TOKEN, 0);
if (image_token == LLDB_INVALID_IMAGE_TOKEN)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("invalid image index argument '%s'", image_token_cstr);
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
break;
}
else
{
Error error (process->UnloadImage(image_token));
if (error.Success())
{
result.AppendMessageWithFormat ("Unloading shared library with index %u...ok\n", image_token);
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("failed to unload image: %s", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
break;
}
}
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessSignal
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessSignal
class CommandObjectProcessSignal : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessSignal (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process signal",
"Send a UNIX signal to the current process being debugged.",
NULL)
{
CommandArgumentEntry arg;
CommandArgumentData signal_arg;
// Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
signal_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeUnixSignal;
signal_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlain;
// There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the argument entry.
arg.push_back (signal_arg);
// Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
m_arguments.push_back (arg);
}
~CommandObjectProcessSignal ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("no process to signal");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
if (command.GetArgumentCount() == 1)
{
int signo = LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER;
const char *signal_name = command.GetArgumentAtIndex(0);
if (::isxdigit (signal_name[0]))
signo = Args::StringToSInt32(signal_name, LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER, 0);
else
signo = process->GetUnixSignals().GetSignalNumberFromName (signal_name);
if (signo == LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER)
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Invalid signal argument '%s'.\n", command.GetArgumentAtIndex(0));
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
else
{
Error error (process->Signal (signo));
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Failed to send signal %i: %s\n", signo, error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("'%s' takes exactly one signal number argument:\nUsage: %s\n", m_cmd_name.c_str(),
m_cmd_syntax.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessInterrupt
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessInterrupt
class CommandObjectProcessInterrupt : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessInterrupt (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process interrupt",
"Interrupt the current process being debugged.",
"process interrupt",
eFlagProcessMustBeLaunched)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessInterrupt ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("no process to halt");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
if (command.GetArgumentCount() == 0)
{
Error error(process->Halt ());
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
// Maybe we should add a "SuspendThreadPlans so we
// can halt, and keep in place all the current thread plans.
process->GetThreadList().DiscardThreadPlans();
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Failed to halt process: %s\n", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("'%s' takes no arguments:\nUsage: %s\n",
m_cmd_name.c_str(),
m_cmd_syntax.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessKill
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessKill
class CommandObjectProcessKill : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessKill (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process kill",
"Terminate the current process being debugged.",
"process kill",
eFlagProcessMustBeLaunched)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessKill ()
{
}
bool
Execute (Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result)
{
Process *process = m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext().GetProcessPtr();
if (process == NULL)
{
result.AppendError ("no process to kill");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
if (command.GetArgumentCount() == 0)
{
Error error (process->Destroy());
if (error.Success())
{
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Failed to kill process: %s\n", error.AsCString());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat("'%s' takes no arguments:\nUsage: %s\n",
m_cmd_name.c_str(),
m_cmd_syntax.c_str());
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessStatus
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessStatus
class CommandObjectProcessStatus : public CommandObject
{
public:
CommandObjectProcessStatus (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process status",
"Show the current status and location of executing process.",
"process status",
0)
{
}
~CommandObjectProcessStatus()
{
}
bool
Execute
(
Args& command,
CommandReturnObject &result
)
{
Stream &strm = result.GetOutputStream();
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult);
ExecutionContext exe_ctx(m_interpreter.GetExecutionContext());
Process *process = exe_ctx.GetProcessPtr();
if (process)
{
const bool only_threads_with_stop_reason = true;
const uint32_t start_frame = 0;
const uint32_t num_frames = 1;
const uint32_t num_frames_with_source = 1;
process->GetStatus(strm);
process->GetThreadStatus (strm,
only_threads_with_stop_reason,
start_frame,
num_frames,
num_frames_with_source);
}
else
{
result.AppendError ("No process.");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
}
return result.Succeeded();
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectProcessHandle
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma mark CommandObjectProcessHandle
class CommandObjectProcessHandle : public CommandObject
{
public:
class CommandOptions : public Options
{
public:
CommandOptions (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
Options (interpreter)
{
OptionParsingStarting ();
}
~CommandOptions ()
{
}
Error
SetOptionValue (uint32_t option_idx, const char *option_arg)
{
Error error;
char short_option = (char) m_getopt_table[option_idx].val;
switch (short_option)
{
case 's':
stop = option_arg;
break;
case 'n':
notify = option_arg;
break;
case 'p':
pass = option_arg;
break;
default:
error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("invalid short option character '%c'", short_option);
break;
}
return error;
}
void
OptionParsingStarting ()
{
stop.clear();
notify.clear();
pass.clear();
}
const OptionDefinition*
GetDefinitions ()
{
return g_option_table;
}
// Options table: Required for subclasses of Options.
static OptionDefinition g_option_table[];
// Instance variables to hold the values for command options.
std::string stop;
std::string notify;
std::string pass;
};
CommandObjectProcessHandle (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObject (interpreter,
"process handle",
"Show or update what the process and debugger should do with various signals received from the OS.",
NULL),
m_options (interpreter)
{
SetHelpLong ("If no signals are specified, update them all. If no update option is specified, list the current values.\n");
CommandArgumentEntry arg;
CommandArgumentData signal_arg;
signal_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeUnixSignal;
signal_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatStar;
arg.push_back (signal_arg);
m_arguments.push_back (arg);
}
~CommandObjectProcessHandle ()
{
}
Options *
GetOptions ()
{
return &m_options;
}
bool
VerifyCommandOptionValue (const std::string &option, int &real_value)
{
bool okay = true;
bool success = false;
bool tmp_value = Args::StringToBoolean (option.c_str(), false, &success);
if (success && tmp_value)
real_value = 1;
else if (success && !tmp_value)
real_value = 0;
else
{
// If the value isn't 'true' or 'false', it had better be 0 or 1.
real_value = Args::StringToUInt32 (option.c_str(), 3);
if (real_value != 0 && real_value != 1)
okay = false;
}
return okay;
}
void
PrintSignalHeader (Stream &str)
{
str.Printf ("NAME PASS STOP NOTIFY\n");
str.Printf ("========== ===== ===== ======\n");
}
void
PrintSignal (Stream &str, int32_t signo, const char *sig_name, UnixSignals &signals)
{
bool stop;
bool suppress;
bool notify;
str.Printf ("%-10s ", sig_name);
if (signals.GetSignalInfo (signo, suppress, stop, notify))
{
bool pass = !suppress;
str.Printf ("%s %s %s",
(pass ? "true " : "false"),
(stop ? "true " : "false"),
(notify ? "true " : "false"));
}
str.Printf ("\n");
}
void
PrintSignalInformation (Stream &str, Args &signal_args, int num_valid_signals, UnixSignals &signals)
{
PrintSignalHeader (str);
if (num_valid_signals > 0)
{
size_t num_args = signal_args.GetArgumentCount();
for (size_t i = 0; i < num_args; ++i)
{
int32_t signo = signals.GetSignalNumberFromName (signal_args.GetArgumentAtIndex (i));
if (signo != LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER)
PrintSignal (str, signo, signal_args.GetArgumentAtIndex (i), signals);
}
}
else // Print info for ALL signals
{
int32_t signo = signals.GetFirstSignalNumber();
while (signo != LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER)
{
PrintSignal (str, signo, signals.GetSignalAsCString (signo), signals);
signo = signals.GetNextSignalNumber (signo);
}
}
}
bool
Execute (Args &signal_args, CommandReturnObject &result)
{
TargetSP target_sp = m_interpreter.GetDebugger().GetSelectedTarget();
if (!target_sp)
{
result.AppendError ("No current target;"
" cannot handle signals until you have a valid target and process.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
ProcessSP process_sp = target_sp->GetProcessSP();
if (!process_sp)
{
result.AppendError ("No current process; cannot handle signals until you have a valid process.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
int stop_action = -1; // -1 means leave the current setting alone
int pass_action = -1; // -1 means leave the current setting alone
int notify_action = -1; // -1 means leave the current setting alone
if (! m_options.stop.empty()
&& ! VerifyCommandOptionValue (m_options.stop, stop_action))
{
result.AppendError ("Invalid argument for command option --stop; must be true or false.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
if (! m_options.notify.empty()
&& ! VerifyCommandOptionValue (m_options.notify, notify_action))
{
result.AppendError ("Invalid argument for command option --notify; must be true or false.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
if (! m_options.pass.empty()
&& ! VerifyCommandOptionValue (m_options.pass, pass_action))
{
result.AppendError ("Invalid argument for command option --pass; must be true or false.\n");
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return false;
}
size_t num_args = signal_args.GetArgumentCount();
UnixSignals &signals = process_sp->GetUnixSignals();
int num_signals_set = 0;
if (num_args > 0)
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < num_args; ++i)
{
int32_t signo = signals.GetSignalNumberFromName (signal_args.GetArgumentAtIndex (i));
if (signo != LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER)
{
// Casting the actions as bools here should be okay, because VerifyCommandOptionValue guarantees
// the value is either 0 or 1.
if (stop_action != -1)
signals.SetShouldStop (signo, (bool) stop_action);
if (pass_action != -1)
{
bool suppress = ! ((bool) pass_action);
signals.SetShouldSuppress (signo, suppress);
}
if (notify_action != -1)
signals.SetShouldNotify (signo, (bool) notify_action);
++num_signals_set;
}
else
{
result.AppendErrorWithFormat ("Invalid signal name '%s'\n", signal_args.GetArgumentAtIndex (i));
}
}
}
else
{
// No signal specified, if any command options were specified, update ALL signals.
if ((notify_action != -1) || (stop_action != -1) || (pass_action != -1))
{
if (m_interpreter.Confirm ("Do you really want to update all the signals?", false))
{
int32_t signo = signals.GetFirstSignalNumber();
while (signo != LLDB_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER)
{
if (notify_action != -1)
signals.SetShouldNotify (signo, (bool) notify_action);
if (stop_action != -1)
signals.SetShouldStop (signo, (bool) stop_action);
if (pass_action != -1)
{
bool suppress = ! ((bool) pass_action);
signals.SetShouldSuppress (signo, suppress);
}
signo = signals.GetNextSignalNumber (signo);
}
}
}
}
PrintSignalInformation (result.GetOutputStream(), signal_args, num_signals_set, signals);
if (num_signals_set > 0)
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult);
else
result.SetStatus (eReturnStatusFailed);
return result.Succeeded();
}
protected:
CommandOptions m_options;
};
OptionDefinition
CommandObjectProcessHandle::CommandOptions::g_option_table[] =
{
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_1, false, "stop", 's', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeBoolean, "Whether or not the process should be stopped if the signal is received." },
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_1, false, "notify", 'n', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeBoolean, "Whether or not the debugger should notify the user if the signal is received." },
{ LLDB_OPT_SET_1, false, "pass", 'p', required_argument, NULL, 0, eArgTypeBoolean, "Whether or not the signal should be passed to the process." },
{ 0, false, NULL, 0, 0, NULL, 0, eArgTypeNone, NULL }
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CommandObjectMultiwordProcess
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CommandObjectMultiwordProcess::CommandObjectMultiwordProcess (CommandInterpreter &interpreter) :
CommandObjectMultiword (interpreter,
"process",
"A set of commands for operating on a process.",
"process <subcommand> [<subcommand-options>]")
{
LoadSubCommand ("attach", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessAttach (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("launch", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessLaunch (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("continue", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessContinue (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("connect", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessConnect (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("detach", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessDetach (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("load", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessLoad (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("unload", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessUnload (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("signal", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessSignal (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("handle", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessHandle (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("status", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessStatus (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("interrupt", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessInterrupt (interpreter)));
LoadSubCommand ("kill", CommandObjectSP (new CommandObjectProcessKill (interpreter)));
}
CommandObjectMultiwordProcess::~CommandObjectMultiwordProcess ()
{
}