llvm-project/llvm/lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/BoundsChecking.cpp

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//===- BoundsChecking.cpp - Instrumentation for run-time bounds checking --===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation/BoundsChecking.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Twine.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryBuiltins.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetFolder.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h"
#include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstIterator.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstrTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <cstdint>
#include <vector>
using namespace llvm;
#define DEBUG_TYPE "bounds-checking"
static cl::opt<bool> SingleTrapBB("bounds-checking-single-trap",
cl::desc("Use one trap block per function"));
STATISTIC(ChecksAdded, "Bounds checks added");
STATISTIC(ChecksSkipped, "Bounds checks skipped");
STATISTIC(ChecksUnable, "Bounds checks unable to add");
using BuilderTy = IRBuilder<TargetFolder>;
/// Adds run-time bounds checks to memory accessing instructions.
///
/// \p Ptr is the pointer that will be read/written, and \p InstVal is either
/// the result from the load or the value being stored. It is used to determine
/// the size of memory block that is touched.
///
/// \p GetTrapBB is a callable that returns the trap BB to use on failure.
///
/// Returns true if any change was made to the IR, false otherwise.
template <typename GetTrapBBT>
static bool instrumentMemAccess(Value *Ptr, Value *InstVal,
const DataLayout &DL, TargetLibraryInfo &TLI,
ObjectSizeOffsetEvaluator &ObjSizeEval,
BuilderTy &IRB,
GetTrapBBT GetTrapBB) {
uint64_t NeededSize = DL.getTypeStoreSize(InstVal->getType());
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Instrument " << *Ptr << " for " << Twine(NeededSize)
<< " bytes\n");
SizeOffsetEvalType SizeOffset = ObjSizeEval.compute(Ptr);
if (!ObjSizeEval.bothKnown(SizeOffset)) {
++ChecksUnable;
return false;
}
Value *Size = SizeOffset.first;
Value *Offset = SizeOffset.second;
ConstantInt *SizeCI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(Size);
Type *IntTy = DL.getIntPtrType(Ptr->getType());
Value *NeededSizeVal = ConstantInt::get(IntTy, NeededSize);
// three checks are required to ensure safety:
// . Offset >= 0 (since the offset is given from the base ptr)
// . Size >= Offset (unsigned)
// . Size - Offset >= NeededSize (unsigned)
//
// optimization: if Size >= 0 (signed), skip 1st check
// FIXME: add NSW/NUW here? -- we dont care if the subtraction overflows
Value *ObjSize = IRB.CreateSub(Size, Offset);
Value *Cmp2 = IRB.CreateICmpULT(Size, Offset);
Value *Cmp3 = IRB.CreateICmpULT(ObjSize, NeededSizeVal);
Value *Or = IRB.CreateOr(Cmp2, Cmp3);
if (!SizeCI || SizeCI->getValue().slt(0)) {
Value *Cmp1 = IRB.CreateICmpSLT(Offset, ConstantInt::get(IntTy, 0));
Or = IRB.CreateOr(Cmp1, Or);
}
// check if the comparison is always false
ConstantInt *C = dyn_cast_or_null<ConstantInt>(Or);
if (C) {
++ChecksSkipped;
// If non-zero, nothing to do.
if (!C->getZExtValue())
return true;
}
++ChecksAdded;
BasicBlock::iterator SplitI = IRB.GetInsertPoint();
BasicBlock *OldBB = SplitI->getParent();
BasicBlock *Cont = OldBB->splitBasicBlock(SplitI);
OldBB->getTerminator()->eraseFromParent();
if (C) {
// If we have a constant zero, unconditionally branch.
// FIXME: We should really handle this differently to bypass the splitting
// the block.
BranchInst::Create(GetTrapBB(IRB), OldBB);
return true;
}
// Create the conditional branch.
BranchInst::Create(GetTrapBB(IRB), Cont, Or, OldBB);
return true;
}
static bool addBoundsChecking(Function &F, TargetLibraryInfo &TLI) {
const DataLayout &DL = F.getParent()->getDataLayout();
ObjectSizeOffsetEvaluator ObjSizeEval(DL, &TLI, F.getContext(),
/*RoundToAlign=*/true);
// check HANDLE_MEMORY_INST in include/llvm/Instruction.def for memory
// touching instructions
std::vector<Instruction *> WorkList;
for (Instruction &I : instructions(F)) {
if (isa<LoadInst>(I) || isa<StoreInst>(I) || isa<AtomicCmpXchgInst>(I) ||
isa<AtomicRMWInst>(I))
WorkList.push_back(&I);
}
// Create a trapping basic block on demand using a callback. Depending on
// flags, this will either create a single block for the entire function or
// will create a fresh block every time it is called.
BasicBlock *TrapBB = nullptr;
auto GetTrapBB = [&TrapBB](BuilderTy &IRB) {
if (TrapBB && SingleTrapBB)
return TrapBB;
Function *Fn = IRB.GetInsertBlock()->getParent();
// FIXME: This debug location doesn't make a lot of sense in the
// `SingleTrapBB` case.
auto DebugLoc = IRB.getCurrentDebugLocation();
IRBuilder<>::InsertPointGuard Guard(IRB);
TrapBB = BasicBlock::Create(Fn->getContext(), "trap", Fn);
IRB.SetInsertPoint(TrapBB);
auto *F = Intrinsic::getDeclaration(Fn->getParent(), Intrinsic::trap);
CallInst *TrapCall = IRB.CreateCall(F, {});
TrapCall->setDoesNotReturn();
TrapCall->setDoesNotThrow();
TrapCall->setDebugLoc(DebugLoc);
IRB.CreateUnreachable();
return TrapBB;
};
bool MadeChange = false;
for (Instruction *Inst : WorkList) {
BuilderTy IRB(Inst->getParent(), BasicBlock::iterator(Inst), TargetFolder(DL));
if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(Inst)) {
MadeChange |= instrumentMemAccess(LI->getPointerOperand(), LI, DL, TLI,
ObjSizeEval, IRB, GetTrapBB);
} else if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(Inst)) {
MadeChange |=
instrumentMemAccess(SI->getPointerOperand(), SI->getValueOperand(),
DL, TLI, ObjSizeEval, IRB, GetTrapBB);
} else if (AtomicCmpXchgInst *AI = dyn_cast<AtomicCmpXchgInst>(Inst)) {
MadeChange |=
instrumentMemAccess(AI->getPointerOperand(), AI->getCompareOperand(),
DL, TLI, ObjSizeEval, IRB, GetTrapBB);
} else if (AtomicRMWInst *AI = dyn_cast<AtomicRMWInst>(Inst)) {
MadeChange |=
instrumentMemAccess(AI->getPointerOperand(), AI->getValOperand(), DL,
TLI, ObjSizeEval, IRB, GetTrapBB);
} else {
llvm_unreachable("unknown Instruction type");
}
}
return MadeChange;
}
PreservedAnalyses BoundsCheckingPass::run(Function &F, FunctionAnalysisManager &AM) {
auto &TLI = AM.getResult<TargetLibraryAnalysis>(F);
if (!addBoundsChecking(F, TLI))
return PreservedAnalyses::all();
return PreservedAnalyses::none();
}
namespace {
struct BoundsCheckingLegacyPass : public FunctionPass {
static char ID;
BoundsCheckingLegacyPass() : FunctionPass(ID) {
initializeBoundsCheckingLegacyPassPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
}
bool runOnFunction(Function &F) override {
auto &TLI = getAnalysis<TargetLibraryInfoWrapperPass>().getTLI();
return addBoundsChecking(F, TLI);
}
void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
AU.addRequired<TargetLibraryInfoWrapperPass>();
}
};
} // namespace
char BoundsCheckingLegacyPass::ID = 0;
INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(BoundsCheckingLegacyPass, "bounds-checking",
"Run-time bounds checking", false, false)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(TargetLibraryInfoWrapperPass)
INITIALIZE_PASS_END(BoundsCheckingLegacyPass, "bounds-checking",
"Run-time bounds checking", false, false)
FunctionPass *llvm::createBoundsCheckingLegacyPass() {
return new BoundsCheckingLegacyPass();
}