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llvm-project/lld/lib/Driver/WinLinkDriver.cpp

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//===- lib/Driver/WinLinkDriver.cpp ---------------------------------------===//
//
// The LLVM Linker
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
///
/// \file
///
/// Concrete instance of the Driver for Windows link.exe.
///
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "lld/Driver/Driver.h"
#include "lld/Driver/WinLinkModuleDef.h"
#include "lld/ReaderWriter/PECOFFLinkingContext.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
#include "llvm/Object/COFF.h"
#include "llvm/Option/Arg.h"
#include "llvm/Option/Option.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Process.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
#include "llvm/Support/StringSaver.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <sstream>
#include <tuple>
namespace lld {
//
// Option definitions
//
// Create enum with OPT_xxx values for each option in WinLinkOptions.td
enum {
OPT_INVALID = 0,
#define OPTION(PREFIX, NAME, ID, KIND, GROUP, ALIAS, ALIASARGS, FLAGS, PARAM, \
HELP, META) \
OPT_##ID,
#include "WinLinkOptions.inc"
#undef OPTION
};
// Create prefix string literals used in WinLinkOptions.td
#define PREFIX(NAME, VALUE) const char *const NAME[] = VALUE;
#include "WinLinkOptions.inc"
#undef PREFIX
// Create table mapping all options defined in WinLinkOptions.td
static const llvm::opt::OptTable::Info infoTable[] = {
#define OPTION(PREFIX, NAME, ID, KIND, GROUP, ALIAS, ALIASARGS, FLAGS, PARAM, \
HELPTEXT, METAVAR) \
{ PREFIX, NAME, HELPTEXT, METAVAR, OPT_##ID, llvm::opt::Option::KIND##Class, \
PARAM, FLAGS, OPT_##GROUP, OPT_##ALIAS, ALIASARGS },
#include "WinLinkOptions.inc"
#undef OPTION
};
namespace {
// Create OptTable class for parsing actual command line arguments
class WinLinkOptTable : public llvm::opt::OptTable {
public:
// link.exe's command line options are case insensitive, unlike
// other driver's options for Unix.
WinLinkOptTable()
: OptTable(infoTable, llvm::array_lengthof(infoTable),
/* ignoreCase */ true) {}
};
} // anonymous namespace
//
// Functions to parse each command line option
//
// Split the given string with spaces.
static std::vector<std::string> splitArgList(const std::string &str) {
std::stringstream stream(str);
std::istream_iterator<std::string> begin(stream);
std::istream_iterator<std::string> end;
return std::vector<std::string>(begin, end);
}
// Split the given string with the path separator.
static std::vector<StringRef> splitPathList(StringRef str) {
std::vector<StringRef> ret;
while (!str.empty()) {
StringRef path;
std::tie(path, str) = str.split(';');
ret.push_back(path);
}
return ret;
}
// Parse an argument for /alternatename. The expected string is
// "<string>=<string>".
static bool parseAlternateName(StringRef arg, StringRef &weak, StringRef &def,
raw_ostream &diag) {
std::tie(weak, def) = arg.split('=');
if (weak.empty() || def.empty()) {
diag << "Error: malformed /alternatename option: " << arg << "\n";
return false;
}
return true;
}
// Parse an argument for /base, /stack or /heap. The expected string
// is "<integer>[,<integer>]".
static bool parseMemoryOption(StringRef arg, uint64_t &reserve,
uint64_t &commit) {
StringRef reserveStr, commitStr;
std::tie(reserveStr, commitStr) = arg.split(',');
if (reserveStr.getAsInteger(0, reserve))
return false;
if (!commitStr.empty() && commitStr.getAsInteger(0, commit))
return false;
return true;
}
// Parse an argument for /version or /subsystem. The expected string is
// "<integer>[.<integer>]".
static bool parseVersion(StringRef arg, uint32_t &major, uint32_t &minor) {
StringRef majorVersion, minorVersion;
std::tie(majorVersion, minorVersion) = arg.split('.');
if (minorVersion.empty())
minorVersion = "0";
if (majorVersion.getAsInteger(0, major))
return false;
if (minorVersion.getAsInteger(0, minor))
return false;
return true;
}
// Returns subsystem type for the given string.
static llvm::COFF::WindowsSubsystem stringToWinSubsystem(StringRef str) {
return llvm::StringSwitch<llvm::COFF::WindowsSubsystem>(str.lower())
.Case("windows", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_GUI)
.Case("console", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CUI)
.Case("boot_application",
llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION)
.Case("efi_application", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION)
.Case("efi_boot_service_driver",
llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER)
.Case("efi_rom", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_ROM)
.Case("efi_runtime_driver",
llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER)
.Case("native", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE)
.Case("posix", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_POSIX_CUI)
.Default(llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN);
}
// Parse /subsystem command line option. The form of /subsystem is
// "subsystem_name[,majorOSVersion[.minorOSVersion]]".
static bool parseSubsystem(StringRef arg,
llvm::COFF::WindowsSubsystem &subsystem,
llvm::Optional<uint32_t> &major,
llvm::Optional<uint32_t> &minor, raw_ostream &diag) {
StringRef subsystemStr, osVersion;
std::tie(subsystemStr, osVersion) = arg.split(',');
if (!osVersion.empty()) {
uint32_t v1, v2;
if (!parseVersion(osVersion, v1, v2))
return false;
major = v1;
minor = v2;
}
subsystem = stringToWinSubsystem(subsystemStr);
if (subsystem == llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN) {
diag << "error: unknown subsystem name: " << subsystemStr << "\n";
return false;
}
return true;
}
static llvm::COFF::MachineTypes stringToMachineType(StringRef str) {
// FIXME: we have no way to differentiate between ARM and ARMNT currently.
// However, given that LLVM only supports ARM NT, default to that for now.
return llvm::StringSwitch<llvm::COFF::MachineTypes>(str.lower())
.Case("arm", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARMNT)
.Case("x64", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64)
.Case("x86", llvm::COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386)
.Default(llvm::COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN);
}
// Parse /section:name,[[!]{DEKPRSW}]
//
// /section option is to set non-default bits in the Characteristics fields of
// the section header. D, E, K, P, R, S, and W represent discardable,
// execute, not_cachable, not_pageable, read, shared, and write bits,
// respectively. You can specify multiple flags in one /section option.
//
// If the flag starts with "!", the flags represent a mask that should be turned
// off regardless of the default value. You can even create a section which is
// not readable, writable nor executable with this -- although it's probably
// useless.
static bool parseSection(StringRef option, std::string &section,
llvm::Optional<uint32_t> &flags,
llvm::Optional<uint32_t> &mask) {
StringRef flagString;
std::tie(section, flagString) = option.split(",");
bool negative = false;
if (flagString.startswith("!")) {
negative = true;
flagString = flagString.substr(1);
}
if (flagString.empty())
return false;
uint32_t attribs = 0;
for (size_t i = 0, e = flagString.size(); i < e; ++i) {
switch (tolower(flagString[i])) {
#define CASE(c, flag) \
case c: \
attribs |= flag; \
break
CASE('d', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE);
CASE('e', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE);
CASE('k', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_NOT_CACHED);
CASE('p', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_NOT_PAGED);
CASE('r', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ);
CASE('s', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_SHARED);
CASE('w', llvm::COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE);
#undef CASE
default:
return false;
}
}
if (negative) {
mask = attribs;
} else {
flags = attribs;
}
return true;
}
static bool readFile(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, StringRef path,
ArrayRef<uint8_t> &result) {
ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> buf = MemoryBuffer::getFile(path);
if (!buf)
return false;
StringRef Data = buf.get()->getBuffer();
result = ctx.allocate(ArrayRef<uint8_t>(
reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(Data.begin()), Data.size()));
return true;
}
// Parse /manifest:EMBED[,ID=#]|NO.
static bool parseManifest(StringRef option, bool &enable, bool &embed,
int &id) {
if (option.equals_lower("no")) {
enable = false;
return true;
}
if (!option.startswith_lower("embed"))
return false;
embed = true;
option = option.substr(strlen("embed"));
if (option.empty())
return true;
if (!option.startswith_lower(",id="))
return false;
option = option.substr(strlen(",id="));
if (option.getAsInteger(0, id))
return false;
return true;
}
static bool isLibraryFile(StringRef path) {
return path.endswith_lower(".lib") || path.endswith_lower(".imp");
}
static StringRef getObjectPath(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, StringRef path) {
std::string result;
if (isLibraryFile(path)) {
result = ctx.searchLibraryFile(path);
} else if (llvm::sys::path::extension(path).empty()) {
result = path.str() + ".obj";
} else {
result = path;
}
return ctx.allocate(result);
}
static StringRef getLibraryPath(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, StringRef path) {
std::string result = isLibraryFile(path)
? ctx.searchLibraryFile(path)
: ctx.searchLibraryFile(path.str() + ".lib");
return ctx.allocate(result);
}
// Returns true if the given file is a Windows resource file.
static bool isResoruceFile(StringRef path) {
llvm::sys::fs::file_magic fileType;
if (llvm::sys::fs::identify_magic(path, fileType)) {
// If we cannot read the file, assume it's not a resource file.
// The further stage will raise an error on this unreadable file.
return false;
}
return fileType == llvm::sys::fs::file_magic::windows_resource;
}
// Merge Windows resource files and convert them to a single COFF file.
// The temporary file path is set to result.
static bool convertResourceFiles(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx,
std::vector<std::string> inFiles,
std::string &result) {
// Create an output file path.
SmallString<128> outFile;
if (llvm::sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("resource", "obj", outFile))
return false;
std::string outFileArg = ("/out:" + outFile).str();
// Construct CVTRES.EXE command line and execute it.
std::string program = "cvtres.exe";
ErrorOr<std::string> programPathOrErr = llvm::sys::findProgramByName(program);
if (!programPathOrErr) {
llvm::errs() << "Unable to find " << program << " in PATH\n";
return false;
}
const std::string &programPath = *programPathOrErr;
std::vector<const char *> args;
args.push_back(programPath.c_str());
args.push_back(ctx.is64Bit() ? "/machine:x64" : "/machine:x86");
args.push_back("/readonly");
args.push_back("/nologo");
args.push_back(outFileArg.c_str());
for (const std::string &path : inFiles)
args.push_back(path.c_str());
args.push_back(nullptr);
if (llvm::sys::ExecuteAndWait(programPath.c_str(), &args[0]) != 0) {
llvm::errs() << program << " failed\n";
return false;
}
result = outFile.str();
return true;
}
// Parse /manifestuac:(level=<string>|uiAccess=<string>).
//
// The arguments will be embedded to the manifest XML file with no error check,
// so the values given via the command line must be valid as XML attributes.
// This may sound a bit odd, but that's how link.exe works, so we will follow.
static bool parseManifestUAC(StringRef option,
llvm::Optional<std::string> &level,
llvm::Optional<std::string> &uiAccess) {
for (;;) {
option = option.ltrim();
if (option.empty())
return true;
if (option.startswith_lower("level=")) {
option = option.substr(strlen("level="));
StringRef value;
std::tie(value, option) = option.split(" ");
level = value.str();
continue;
}
if (option.startswith_lower("uiaccess=")) {
option = option.substr(strlen("uiaccess="));
StringRef value;
std::tie(value, option) = option.split(" ");
uiAccess = value.str();
continue;
}
return false;
}
}
// Returns the machine type (e.g. x86) of the given input file.
// If the file is not COFF, returns false.
static bool getMachineType(StringRef path, llvm::COFF::MachineTypes &result) {
llvm::sys::fs::file_magic fileType;
if (llvm::sys::fs::identify_magic(path, fileType))
return false;
if (fileType != llvm::sys::fs::file_magic::coff_object)
return false;
ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> buf = MemoryBuffer::getFile(path);
if (!buf)
return false;
std::error_code ec;
llvm::object::COFFObjectFile obj(buf.get()->getMemBufferRef(), ec);
if (ec)
return false;
result = static_cast<llvm::COFF::MachineTypes>(obj.getMachine());
return true;
}
// Parse /export:entryname[=internalname][,@ordinal[,NONAME]][,DATA][,PRIVATE].
//
// MSDN doesn't say anything about /export:foo=bar style option or PRIVATE
// attribtute, but link.exe actually accepts them.
static bool parseExport(StringRef option,
PECOFFLinkingContext::ExportDesc &ret) {
StringRef name;
StringRef rest;
std::tie(name, rest) = option.split(",");
if (name.empty())
return false;
if (name.find('=') == StringRef::npos) {
ret.name = name;
} else {
std::tie(ret.externalName, ret.name) = name.split("=");
if (ret.name.empty())
return false;
}
for (;;) {
if (rest.empty())
return true;
StringRef arg;
std::tie(arg, rest) = rest.split(",");
if (arg.equals_lower("noname")) {
if (ret.ordinal < 0)
return false;
ret.noname = true;
continue;
}
if (arg.equals_lower("data")) {
ret.isData = true;
continue;
}
if (arg.equals_lower("private")) {
ret.isPrivate = true;
continue;
}
if (arg.startswith("@")) {
int ordinal;
if (arg.substr(1).getAsInteger(0, ordinal))
return false;
if (ordinal <= 0 || 65535 < ordinal)
return false;
ret.ordinal = ordinal;
continue;
}
return false;
}
}
// Read module-definition file.
static bool parseDef(StringRef option, llvm::BumpPtrAllocator &alloc,
std::vector<moduledef::Directive *> &result) {
ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> buf = MemoryBuffer::getFile(option);
if (!buf)
return false;
moduledef::Lexer lexer(std::move(buf.get()));
moduledef::Parser parser(lexer, alloc);
return parser.parse(result);
}
static StringRef replaceExtension(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, StringRef path,
StringRef extension) {
SmallString<128> val = path;
llvm::sys::path::replace_extension(val, extension);
return ctx.allocate(val.str());
}
// Create a manifest file contents.
static std::string createManifestXml(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx) {
std::string ret;
llvm::raw_string_ostream out(ret);
// Emit the XML. Note that we do *not* verify that the XML attributes are
// syntactically correct. This is intentional for link.exe compatibility.
out << "<?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n"
"<assembly xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1\"\n"
" manifestVersion=\"1.0\">\n";
if (ctx.getManifestUAC()) {
out << " <trustInfo>\n"
" <security>\n"
" <requestedPrivileges>\n"
" <requestedExecutionLevel level=" << ctx.getManifestLevel()
<< " uiAccess=" << ctx.getManifestUiAccess()
<< "/>\n"
" </requestedPrivileges>\n"
" </security>\n"
" </trustInfo>\n";
const std::string &dependency = ctx.getManifestDependency();
if (!dependency.empty()) {
out << " <dependency>\n"
" <dependentAssembly>\n"
" <assemblyIdentity " << dependency
<< " />\n"
" </dependentAssembly>\n"
" </dependency>\n";
}
}
out << "</assembly>\n";
out.flush();
return ret;
}
// Convert one doublequote to two doublequotes, so that we can embed the string
// into a resource script file.
static void quoteAndPrintXml(raw_ostream &out, StringRef str) {
for (;;) {
if (str.empty())
return;
StringRef line;
std::tie(line, str) = str.split("\n");
if (line.empty())
continue;
out << '\"';
const char *p = line.data();
for (int i = 0, size = line.size(); i < size; ++i) {
switch (p[i]) {
case '\"':
out << '\"';
// fallthrough
default:
out << p[i];
}
}
out << "\"\n";
}
}
// Create a resource file (.res file) containing the manifest XML. This is done
// in two steps:
//
// 1. Create a resource script file containing the XML as a literal string.
// 2. Run RC.EXE command to compile the script file to a resource file.
//
// The temporary file created in step 1 will be deleted on exit from this
// function. The file created in step 2 will have the same lifetime as the
// PECOFFLinkingContext.
static bool createManifestResourceFile(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx,
raw_ostream &diag,
std::string &resFile) {
// Create a temporary file for the resource script file.
SmallString<128> rcFileSmallString;
if (llvm::sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("tmp", "rc", rcFileSmallString)) {
diag << "Cannot create a temporary file\n";
return false;
}
StringRef rcFile(rcFileSmallString.str());
llvm::FileRemover rcFileRemover((Twine(rcFile)));
// Open the temporary file for writing.
std::error_code ec;
llvm::raw_fd_ostream out(rcFileSmallString, ec, llvm::sys::fs::F_Text);
if (ec) {
diag << "Failed to open " << ctx.getManifestOutputPath() << ": "
<< ec.message() << "\n";
return false;
}
// Write resource script to the RC file.
out << "#define LANG_ENGLISH 9\n"
<< "#define SUBLANG_DEFAULT 1\n"
<< "#define APP_MANIFEST " << ctx.getManifestId() << "\n"
<< "#define RT_MANIFEST 24\n"
<< "LANGUAGE LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_DEFAULT\n"
<< "APP_MANIFEST RT_MANIFEST {\n";
quoteAndPrintXml(out, createManifestXml(ctx));
out << "}\n";
out.close();
// Create output resource file.
SmallString<128> resFileSmallString;
if (llvm::sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("tmp", "res", resFileSmallString)) {
diag << "Cannot create a temporary file";
return false;
}
resFile = resFileSmallString.str();
// Register the resource file path so that the file will be deleted when the
// context's destructor is called.
ctx.registerTemporaryFile(resFile);
// Run RC.EXE /fo tmp.res tmp.rc
std::string program = "rc.exe";
ErrorOr<std::string> programPathOrErr = llvm::sys::findProgramByName(program);
if (!programPathOrErr) {
diag << "Unable to find " << program << " in PATH\n";
return false;
}
const std::string &programPath = *programPathOrErr;
std::vector<const char *> args;
args.push_back(programPath.c_str());
args.push_back("/fo");
args.push_back(resFile.c_str());
args.push_back("/nologo");
args.push_back(rcFileSmallString.c_str());
args.push_back(nullptr);
if (llvm::sys::ExecuteAndWait(programPath.c_str(), &args[0]) != 0) {
diag << program << " failed\n";
return false;
}
return true;
}
// Create the a side-by-side manifest file.
//
// The manifest file will convey some information to the linker, such as whether
// the binary needs to run as Administrator or not. Instead of being placed in
// the PE/COFF header, it's in XML format for some reason -- I guess it's
// probably because it's invented in the early dot-com era.
//
// The side-by-side manifest file is a separate XML file having ".manifest"
// extension. It will be created in the same directory as the resulting
// executable.
static bool createSideBySideManifestFile(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx,
raw_ostream &diag) {
std::string path = ctx.getManifestOutputPath();
if (path.empty()) {
// Default name of the manifest file is "foo.exe.manifest" where "foo.exe" is
// the output path.
path = ctx.outputPath();
path.append(".manifest");
}
std::error_code ec;
llvm::raw_fd_ostream out(path, ec, llvm::sys::fs::F_Text);
if (ec) {
diag << ec.message() << "\n";
return false;
}
out << createManifestXml(ctx);
return true;
}
// Handle /failifmismatch option.
static bool
handleFailIfMismatchOption(StringRef option,
std::map<StringRef, StringRef> &mustMatch,
raw_ostream &diag) {
StringRef key, value;
std::tie(key, value) = option.split('=');
if (key.empty() || value.empty()) {
diag << "error: malformed /failifmismatch option: " << option << "\n";
return true;
}
auto it = mustMatch.find(key);
if (it != mustMatch.end() && it->second != value) {
diag << "error: mismatch detected: '" << it->second << "' and '" << value
<< "' for key '" << key << "'\n";
return true;
}
mustMatch[key] = value;
return false;
}
//
// Environment variable
//
// Process "LINK" environment variable. If defined, the value of the variable
// should be processed as command line arguments.
static std::vector<const char *>
processLinkEnv(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, llvm::ArrayRef<const char *> args) {
std::vector<const char *> ret;
// The first argument is the name of the command. This should stay at the head
// of the argument list.
assert(!args.empty());
ret.push_back(args[0]);
// Add arguments specified by the LINK environment variable.
llvm::Optional<std::string> env = llvm::sys::Process::GetEnv("LINK");
if (env.hasValue())
for (std::string &arg : splitArgList(*env))
ret.push_back(ctx.allocate(arg).data());
// Add the rest of arguments passed via the command line.
for (const char *arg : args.slice(1))
ret.push_back(arg);
ret.push_back(nullptr);
return ret;
}
// Process "LIB" environment variable. The variable contains a list of search
// paths separated by semicolons.
static void processLibEnv(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx) {
llvm::Optional<std::string> env = llvm::sys::Process::GetEnv("LIB");
if (env.hasValue())
for (StringRef path : splitPathList(*env))
ctx.appendInputSearchPath(ctx.allocate(path));
}
// Tokenize command line options in a given file and add them to result.
static bool readResponseFile(StringRef path, PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx,
std::vector<const char *> &result) {
ArrayRef<uint8_t> contents;
if (!readFile(ctx, path, contents))
return false;
StringRef contentsStr(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(contents.data()),
contents.size());
llvm::BumpPtrStringSaver saver(ctx.getAllocator());
SmallVector<const char *, 0> args;
llvm::cl::TokenizeWindowsCommandLine(contentsStr, saver, args);
for (const char *s : args)
result.push_back(s);
return true;
}
// Expand arguments starting with "@". It's an error if a specified file does
// not exist. Returns true on success.
static bool expandResponseFiles(llvm::ArrayRef<const char *> &args,
PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, raw_ostream &diag,
bool &expanded) {
std::vector<const char *> newArgv;
for (const char *arg : args) {
if (arg[0] != '@') {
newArgv.push_back(arg);
continue;
}
StringRef filename = StringRef(arg + 1);
if (!readResponseFile(filename, ctx, newArgv)) {
diag << "error: cannot read response file: " << filename << "\n";
return false;
}
expanded = true;
}
if (!expanded)
return true;
newArgv.push_back(nullptr);
args = llvm::makeArrayRef(&ctx.allocateCopy(newArgv)[0], newArgv.size() - 1);
return true;
}
// Parses the given command line options and returns the result. Returns NULL if
// there's an error in the options.
static llvm::Optional<llvm::opt::InputArgList>
parseArgs(llvm::ArrayRef<const char *> args, PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx,
raw_ostream &diag, bool isReadingDirectiveSection) {
// Expand arguments starting with "@".
bool expanded = false;
if (!expandResponseFiles(args, ctx, diag, expanded))
return llvm::None;
// Parse command line options using WinLinkOptions.td
WinLinkOptTable table;
unsigned missingIndex;
unsigned missingCount;
llvm::opt::InputArgList parsedArgs =
table.ParseArgs(args.slice(1), missingIndex, missingCount);
if (missingCount) {
diag << "error: missing arg value for '"
<< parsedArgs.getArgString(missingIndex) << "' expected "
<< missingCount << " argument(s).\n";
return llvm::None;
}
// Show warning for unknown arguments. In .drectve section, unknown options
// starting with "-?" are silently ignored. This is a COFF's feature to embed a
// new linker option to an object file while keeping backward compatibility.
for (auto unknownArg : parsedArgs.filtered(OPT_UNKNOWN)) {
StringRef arg = unknownArg->getSpelling();
if (isReadingDirectiveSection && arg.startswith("-?"))
continue;
diag << "warning: ignoring unknown argument: " << arg << "\n";
}
// Copy mllvm
for (auto arg : parsedArgs.filtered(OPT_mllvm))
ctx.appendLLVMOption(arg->getValue());
// If we have expaneded response files and /verbose is given, print out the
// final command line.
if (!isReadingDirectiveSection && expanded &&
parsedArgs.getLastArg(OPT_verbose)) {
diag << "Command line:";
for (const char *arg : args)
diag << " " << arg;
diag << "\n\n";
}
return std::move(parsedArgs);
}
// Returns true if the given file node has already been added to the input
// graph.
static bool hasLibrary(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, File *file) {
StringRef path = file->path();
for (std::unique_ptr<Node> &p : ctx.getNodes())
if (auto *f = dyn_cast<FileNode>(p.get()))
if (f->getFile()->path() == path)
return true;
return false;
}
// If the first command line argument is "/lib", link.exe acts as if it's
// "lib.exe" command. This is for backward compatibility.
// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/h34w59b3.aspx
static bool maybeRunLibCommand(llvm::ArrayRef<const char *> args,
raw_ostream &diag) {
if (args.size() <= 1)
return false;
if (!StringRef(args[1]).equals_lower("/lib"))
return false;
ErrorOr<std::string> pathOrErr = llvm::sys::findProgramByName("lib.exe");
if (!pathOrErr) {
diag << "Unable to find lib.exe in PATH\n";
return true;
}
const std::string &path = *pathOrErr;
// Run lib.exe
std::vector<const char *> vec;
vec.push_back(path.c_str());
for (const char *arg : args.slice(2))
vec.push_back(arg);
vec.push_back(nullptr);
if (llvm::sys::ExecuteAndWait(path.c_str(), &vec[0]) != 0)
diag << "lib.exe failed\n";
return true;
}
/// \brief Parse the input file to lld::File.
void addFiles(PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, StringRef path, raw_ostream &diag,
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<File>> &files) {
for (std::unique_ptr<File> &file : loadFile(ctx, path, false)) {
if (ctx.logInputFiles())
diag << file->path() << "\n";
files.push_back(std::move(file));
}
}
//
// Main driver
//
bool WinLinkDriver::linkPECOFF(llvm::ArrayRef<const char *> args,
raw_ostream &diag) {
if (maybeRunLibCommand(args, diag))
return true;
PECOFFLinkingContext ctx;
ctx.setParseDirectives(parseDirectives);
ctx.registry().addSupportCOFFObjects(ctx);
ctx.registry().addSupportCOFFImportLibraries(ctx);
ctx.registry().addSupportArchives(ctx.logInputFiles());
ctx.registry().addSupportYamlFiles();
std::vector<const char *> newargv = processLinkEnv(ctx, args);
processLibEnv(ctx);
if (!parse(llvm::makeArrayRef(newargv).drop_back(1), ctx, diag))
return false;
// Create the file if needed.
if (ctx.getCreateManifest() && !ctx.getEmbedManifest())
if (!createSideBySideManifestFile(ctx, diag))
return false;
return link(ctx, diag);
}
bool WinLinkDriver::parse(llvm::ArrayRef<const char *> args,
PECOFFLinkingContext &ctx, raw_ostream &diag,
bool isReadingDirectiveSection) {
// Parse may be called from multiple threads simultaneously to parse .drectve
// sections. This function is not thread-safe because it mutates the context
// object. So acquire the lock.
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(ctx.getMutex());
std::map<StringRef, StringRef> failIfMismatchMap;
// Parse the options.
llvm::Optional<llvm::opt::InputArgList> parsedArgs =
parseArgs(args, ctx, diag, isReadingDirectiveSection);
if (!parsedArgs)
return false;
// The list of input files.
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<File>> files;
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<File>> libraries;
// Handle /help
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_help)) {
WinLinkOptTable table;
table.PrintHelp(llvm::outs(), args[0], "LLVM Linker", false);
return false;
}
// Handle /machine before parsing all the other options, as the target machine
// type affects how to handle other options. For example, x86 needs the
// leading underscore to mangle symbols, while x64 doesn't need it.
if (llvm::opt::Arg *inputArg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_machine)) {
StringRef arg = inputArg->getValue();
llvm::COFF::MachineTypes type = stringToMachineType(arg);
if (type == llvm::COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN) {
diag << "error: unknown machine type: " << arg << "\n";
return false;
}
ctx.setMachineType(type);
} else {
// If /machine option is missing, we need to take a look at
// the magic byte of the first object file to infer machine type.
std::vector<StringRef> filePaths;
for (auto arg : *parsedArgs)
if (arg->getOption().getID() == OPT_INPUT)
filePaths.push_back(arg->getValue());
if (llvm::opt::Arg *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_DASH_DASH))
filePaths.insert(filePaths.end(), arg->getValues().begin(),
arg->getValues().end());
for (StringRef path : filePaths) {
llvm::COFF::MachineTypes type;
if (!getMachineType(path, type))
continue;
if (type == llvm::COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN)
continue;
ctx.setMachineType(type);
break;
}
}
// Handle /nodefaultlib:<lib>. The same option without argument is handled in
// the following for loop.
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_nodefaultlib))
ctx.addNoDefaultLib(arg->getValue());
// Handle /defaultlib. Argument of the option is added to the input file list
// unless it's blacklisted by /nodefaultlib.
std::vector<StringRef> defaultLibs;
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_defaultlib))
defaultLibs.push_back(arg->getValue());
// -alternatename:<alias>=<symbol>
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_alternatename)) {
StringRef weak, def;
if (!parseAlternateName(arg->getValue(), weak, def, diag))
return false;
ctx.addAlternateName(weak, def);
}
// Parse /base command line option. The argument for the parameter is in
// the form of "<address>[:<size>]".
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_base)) {
uint64_t addr, size;
// Size should be set to SizeOfImage field in the COFF header, and if
// it's smaller than the actual size, the linker should warn about that.
// Currently we just ignore the value of size parameter.
if (!parseMemoryOption(arg->getValue(), addr, size))
return false;
ctx.setBaseAddress(addr);
}
// Parse /dll command line option
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_dll)) {
ctx.setIsDll(true);
// Default base address of a DLL is 0x10000000.
if (!parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_base))
ctx.setBaseAddress(0x10000000);
}
// Parse /stack command line option
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_stack)) {
uint64_t reserve;
uint64_t commit = ctx.getStackCommit();
if (!parseMemoryOption(arg->getValue(), reserve, commit))
return false;
ctx.setStackReserve(reserve);
ctx.setStackCommit(commit);
}
// Parse /heap command line option
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_heap)) {
uint64_t reserve;
uint64_t commit = ctx.getHeapCommit();
if (!parseMemoryOption(arg->getValue(), reserve, commit))
return false;
ctx.setHeapReserve(reserve);
ctx.setHeapCommit(commit);
}
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_align)) {
uint32_t align;
StringRef val = arg->getValue();
if (val.getAsInteger(10, align)) {
diag << "error: invalid value for /align: " << val << "\n";
return false;
}
ctx.setSectionDefaultAlignment(align);
}
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_version)) {
uint32_t major, minor;
if (!parseVersion(arg->getValue(), major, minor))
return false;
ctx.setImageVersion(PECOFFLinkingContext::Version(major, minor));
}
// Parse /merge:<from>=<to>.
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_merge)) {
StringRef from, to;
std::tie(from, to) = StringRef(arg->getValue()).split('=');
if (from.empty() || to.empty()) {
diag << "error: malformed /merge option: " << arg->getValue() << "\n";
return false;
}
if (!ctx.addSectionRenaming(diag, from, to))
return false;
}
// Parse /subsystem:<subsystem>[,<majorOSVersion>[.<minorOSVersion>]].
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_subsystem)) {
llvm::COFF::WindowsSubsystem subsystem;
llvm::Optional<uint32_t> major, minor;
if (!parseSubsystem(arg->getValue(), subsystem, major, minor, diag))
return false;
ctx.setSubsystem(subsystem);
if (major.hasValue())
ctx.setMinOSVersion(PECOFFLinkingContext::Version(*major, *minor));
}
// Parse /section:name,[[!]{DEKPRSW}]
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_section)) {
std::string section;
llvm::Optional<uint32_t> flags, mask;
if (!parseSection(arg->getValue(), section, flags, mask)) {
diag << "Unknown argument for /section: " << arg->getValue() << "\n";
return false;
}
if (flags.hasValue())
ctx.setSectionSetMask(section, *flags);
if (mask.hasValue())
ctx.setSectionClearMask(section, *mask);
}
// Parse /manifest:EMBED[,ID=#]|NO.
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_manifest_colon)) {
bool enable = true;
bool embed = false;
int id = 1;
if (!parseManifest(arg->getValue(), enable, embed, id)) {
diag << "Unknown argument for /manifest: " << arg->getValue() << "\n";
return false;
}
ctx.setCreateManifest(enable);
ctx.setEmbedManifest(embed);
ctx.setManifestId(id);
}
// Parse /manifestuac.
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_manifestuac)) {
if (StringRef(arg->getValue()).equals_lower("no")) {
ctx.setManifestUAC(false);
} else {
llvm::Optional<std::string> privilegeLevel;
llvm::Optional<std::string> uiAccess;
if (!parseManifestUAC(arg->getValue(), privilegeLevel, uiAccess)) {
diag << "Unknown argument for /manifestuac: " << arg->getValue()
<< "\n";
return false;
}
if (privilegeLevel.hasValue())
ctx.setManifestLevel(privilegeLevel.getValue());
if (uiAccess.hasValue())
ctx.setManifestUiAccess(uiAccess.getValue());
}
}
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_manifestfile))
ctx.setManifestOutputPath(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
// /manifestdependency:<string> option. Note that the argument will be
// embedded to the manifest XML file with no error check, for link.exe
// compatibility. We do not gurantete that the resulting XML file is
// valid.
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_manifestdependency))
ctx.setManifestDependency(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_failifmismatch))
if (handleFailIfMismatchOption(arg->getValue(), failIfMismatchMap, diag))
return false;
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_entry))
ctx.setEntrySymbolName(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_export)) {
PECOFFLinkingContext::ExportDesc desc;
if (!parseExport(arg->getValue(), desc)) {
diag << "Error: malformed /export option: " << arg->getValue() << "\n";
return false;
}
// Mangle the symbol name only if it is reading user-supplied command line
// arguments. Because the symbol name in the .drectve section is already
// mangled by the compiler, we shouldn't add a leading underscore in that
// case. It's odd that the command line option has different semantics in
// the .drectve section, but this behavior is needed for compatibility
// with MSVC's link.exe.
if (!isReadingDirectiveSection)
desc.name = ctx.decorateSymbol(desc.name);
ctx.addDllExport(desc);
}
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_deffile)) {
llvm::BumpPtrAllocator alloc;
std::vector<moduledef::Directive *> dirs;
if (!parseDef(arg->getValue(), alloc, dirs)) {
diag << "Error: invalid module-definition file\n";
return false;
}
for (moduledef::Directive *dir : dirs) {
if (auto *exp = dyn_cast<moduledef::Exports>(dir)) {
for (PECOFFLinkingContext::ExportDesc desc : exp->getExports()) {
desc.name = ctx.decorateSymbol(desc.name);
ctx.addDllExport(desc);
}
} else if (auto *hs = dyn_cast<moduledef::Heapsize>(dir)) {
ctx.setHeapReserve(hs->getReserve());
ctx.setHeapCommit(hs->getCommit());
} else if (auto *lib = dyn_cast<moduledef::Library>(dir)) {
ctx.setIsDll(true);
ctx.setOutputPath(ctx.allocate(lib->getName()));
if (lib->getBaseAddress() && !ctx.getBaseAddress())
ctx.setBaseAddress(lib->getBaseAddress());
} else if (auto *name = dyn_cast<moduledef::Name>(dir)) {
if (!name->getOutputPath().empty() && ctx.outputPath().empty())
ctx.setOutputPath(ctx.allocate(name->getOutputPath()));
if (name->getBaseAddress() && ctx.getBaseAddress())
ctx.setBaseAddress(name->getBaseAddress());
} else if (auto *ver = dyn_cast<moduledef::Version>(dir)) {
ctx.setImageVersion(PECOFFLinkingContext::Version(
ver->getMajorVersion(), ver->getMinorVersion()));
} else {
llvm::dbgs() << static_cast<int>(dir->getKind()) << "\n";
llvm_unreachable("Unknown module-definition directive.\n");
}
}
}
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_libpath))
ctx.appendInputSearchPath(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_opt)) {
std::string val = StringRef(arg->getValue()).lower();
if (val == "noref") {
ctx.setDeadStripping(false);
} else if (val != "ref" && val != "icf" && val != "noicf" &&
val != "lbr" && val != "nolbr" &&
!StringRef(val).startswith("icf=")) {
diag << "unknown option for /opt: " << val << "\n";
return false;
}
}
// LLD is not yet capable of creating a PDB file, so /debug does not have
// any effect.
// TODO: This should disable dead stripping. Currently we can't do that
// because removal of associative sections depends on dead stripping.
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_debug))
ctx.setDebug(true);
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_verbose))
ctx.setLogInputFiles(true);
// /force and /force:unresolved mean the same thing. We do not currently
// support /force:multiple.
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_force) ||
parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_force_unresolved)) {
ctx.setAllowRemainingUndefines(true);
}
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_fixed)) {
// /fixed is not compatible with /dynamicbase. Check for it.
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_dynamicbase)) {
diag << "/dynamicbase must not be specified with /fixed\n";
return false;
}
ctx.setBaseRelocationEnabled(false);
ctx.setDynamicBaseEnabled(false);
}
// /swaprun:{cd,net} options set IMAGE_FILE_{REMOVABLE,NET}_RUN_FROM_SWAP
// bits in the COFF header, respectively. If one of the bits is on, the
// Windows loader will copy the entire file to swap area then execute it,
// so that the user can eject a CD or disconnect from the network.
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_swaprun_cd))
ctx.setSwapRunFromCD(true);
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_swaprun_net))
ctx.setSwapRunFromNet(true);
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_profile)) {
// /profile implies /opt:ref, /opt:noicf, /incremental:no and /fixed:no.
ctx.setDeadStripping(true);
ctx.setBaseRelocationEnabled(true);
ctx.setDynamicBaseEnabled(true);
}
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_implib))
ctx.setOutputImportLibraryPath(arg->getValue());
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_delayload)) {
ctx.addInitialUndefinedSymbol(ctx.getDelayLoadHelperName());
ctx.addDelayLoadDLL(arg->getValue());
}
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_stub)) {
ArrayRef<uint8_t> contents;
if (!readFile(ctx, arg->getValue(), contents)) {
diag << "Failed to read DOS stub file " << arg->getValue() << "\n";
return false;
}
ctx.setDosStub(contents);
}
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_incl))
ctx.addInitialUndefinedSymbol(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_noentry))
ctx.setHasEntry(false);
if (parsedArgs->hasArg(OPT_nodefaultlib_all))
ctx.setNoDefaultLibAll(true);
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_out))
ctx.setOutputPath(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_pdb))
ctx.setPDBFilePath(arg->getValue());
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_lldmoduledeffile))
ctx.setModuleDefinitionFile(arg->getValue());
std::vector<StringRef> inputFiles;
for (auto *arg : parsedArgs->filtered(OPT_INPUT))
inputFiles.push_back(ctx.allocate(arg->getValue()));
#define BOOLEAN_FLAG(name, setter) \
if (auto *arg = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_##name, OPT_##name##_no)) \
ctx.setter(arg->getOption().matches(OPT_##name));
BOOLEAN_FLAG(nxcompat, setNxCompat);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(largeaddressaware, setLargeAddressAware);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(allowbind, setAllowBind);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(allowisolation, setAllowIsolation);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(dynamicbase, setDynamicBaseEnabled);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(tsaware, setTerminalServerAware);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(highentropyva, setHighEntropyVA);
BOOLEAN_FLAG(safeseh, setSafeSEH);
#undef BOOLEAN_FLAG
// Arguments after "--" are interpreted as filenames even if they
// start with a hypen or a slash. This is not compatible with link.exe
// but useful for us to test lld on Unix.
if (llvm::opt::Arg *dashdash = parsedArgs->getLastArg(OPT_DASH_DASH))
for (const StringRef value : dashdash->getValues())
inputFiles.push_back(value);
// Compile Windows resource files to compiled resource file.
if (ctx.getCreateManifest() && ctx.getEmbedManifest() &&
!isReadingDirectiveSection) {
std::string resFile;
if (!createManifestResourceFile(ctx, diag, resFile))
return false;
inputFiles.push_back(ctx.allocate(resFile));
}
// A Windows Resource file is not an object file. It contains data,
// such as an icon image, and is not in COFF file format. If resource
// files are given, the linker merge them into one COFF file using
// CVTRES.EXE and then link the resulting file.
{
auto it = std::partition(inputFiles.begin(), inputFiles.end(),
isResoruceFile);
if (it != inputFiles.begin()) {
std::vector<std::string> resFiles(inputFiles.begin(), it);
std::string resObj;
if (!convertResourceFiles(ctx, resFiles, resObj)) {
diag << "Failed to convert resource files\n";
return false;
}
inputFiles = std::vector<StringRef>(it, inputFiles.end());
inputFiles.push_back(ctx.allocate(resObj));
ctx.registerTemporaryFile(resObj);
}
}
// Prepare objects to add them to the list of input files.
for (StringRef path : inputFiles) {
path = ctx.allocate(path);
if (isLibraryFile(path)) {
addFiles(ctx, getLibraryPath(ctx, path), diag, libraries);
} else {
addFiles(ctx, getObjectPath(ctx, path), diag, files);
}
}
// If dead-stripping is enabled, we need to add the entry symbol and
// symbols given by /include to the dead strip root set, so that it
// won't be removed from the output.
if (ctx.deadStrip())
for (const StringRef symbolName : ctx.initialUndefinedSymbols())
ctx.addDeadStripRoot(symbolName);
// Add the libraries specified by /defaultlib unless they are already added
// nor blacklisted by /nodefaultlib.
if (!ctx.getNoDefaultLibAll())
for (const StringRef path : defaultLibs)
if (!ctx.hasNoDefaultLib(path))
addFiles(ctx, getLibraryPath(ctx, path.lower()), diag, libraries);
if (files.empty() && !isReadingDirectiveSection) {
diag << "No input files\n";
return false;
}
// If /out option was not specified, the default output file name is
// constructed by replacing an extension of the first input file
// with ".exe".
if (ctx.outputPath().empty()) {
StringRef path = files[0]->path();
ctx.setOutputPath(replaceExtension(ctx, path, ".exe"));
}
// Add the input files to the linking context.
for (std::unique_ptr<File> &file : files) {
if (isReadingDirectiveSection) {
File *f = file.get();
ctx.getTaskGroup().spawn([f] { f->parse(); });
}
ctx.getNodes().push_back(llvm::make_unique<FileNode>(std::move(file)));
}
// Add the library group to the linking context.
if (!isReadingDirectiveSection) {
// Add a group-end marker.
ctx.getNodes().push_back(llvm::make_unique<GroupEnd>(0));
}
// Add the library files to the library group.
for (std::unique_ptr<File> &file : libraries) {
if (!hasLibrary(ctx, file.get())) {
if (isReadingDirectiveSection) {
File *f = file.get();
ctx.getTaskGroup().spawn([f] { f->parse(); });
}
ctx.addLibraryFile(llvm::make_unique<FileNode>(std::move(file)));
}
}
// Validate the combination of options used.
return ctx.validate(diag);
}
} // namespace lld
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