Commit Graph

409 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Fangrui Song 03909c4400 [ELF] Remove StringRefZ
StringRefZ does not improve performance. Non-local symbols always have eagerly
computed nameSize. Most local symbols's lengths will be updated in either:

* shouldKeepInSymtab
* SymbolTableBaseSection::addSymbol

Its benefit is offsetted by strlen in every call site (sums up to 5KiB code in a
release x86-64 build), so using StringRefZ may be slower.

In a -s link (uncommon) there is minor speedup, like ~0.3% for clang and chrome.

Reviewed By: alexander-shaposhnikov

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D117644
2022-01-19 20:09:41 -08:00
Fangrui Song 7f1955dc96 [ELF] Support mixed TLSDESC and TLS GD
We only support both TLSDESC and TLS GD for x86 so this is an x86-specific
problem. If both are used, only one R_X86_64_TLSDESC is produced and TLS GD
accesses will incorrectly reference R_X86_64_TLSDESC. Fix this by introducing
SymbolAux::tlsDescIdx.

Reviewed By: ikudrin

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116900
2022-01-10 10:03:21 -08:00
Fangrui Song 5d3bd7f360 [ELF] Move gotIndex/pltIndex/globalDynIndex to SymbolAux
to decrease sizeof(SymbolUnion) by 8 on ELF64 platforms.

Symbols needing such information are typically 1% or fewer (5134 out of 560520
when linking clang, 19898 out of 5550705 when linking chrome). Storing them
elsewhere can decrease memory usage and symbol initialization time.
There is a ~0.8% saving on max RSS when linking a large program.

Future direction:

* Move some of dynsymIndex/verdefIndex/versionId to SymbolAux
* Support mixed TLSDESC and TLS GD without increasing sizeof(SymbolUnion)

Reviewed By: peter.smith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116281
2022-01-09 13:43:27 -08:00
Fangrui Song 7924b3814f [ELF] Add Symbol::hasVersionSuffix
"Process symbol versions" may take 2+% time.
"Redirect symbols" may take 0.6% time.
This change speeds up the two passes and makes `*sym.getVersionSuffix()
== '@'` in the `undefined reference` diagnostic cleaner.

Linking chrome (no debug info) and another large program is 1.5% faster.

For empty-ver2.s: the behavior now matches GNU ld, though I'd consider the input
invalid and the exact behavior does not matter.
2021-12-26 17:25:54 -08:00
Fangrui Song 70912420bb [ELF] Move TLS dynamic relocations to postScanRelocations
This temporarily increases sizeof(SymbolUnion), but allows us to mov GOT/PLT/etc
index members outside Symbol in the future.

Then, we can make TLSDESC and TLSGD use different indexes and support mixed
TLSDESC and TLSGD (tested by x86-64-tlsdesc-gd-mixed.s).

Note: needsTlsGd and needsTlsGdToIe may optionally be combined.

Test updates are due to reordered GOT entries.
2021-12-24 22:36:49 -08:00
Fangrui Song e1b6b5be46 [ELF] Avoid referencing SectionBase::repl after ICF
It is fairly easy to forget SectionBase::repl after ICF.
Let ICF rewrite a Defined symbol's `section` field to avoid references to
SectionBase::repl in subsequent passes. This slightly improves the --icf=none
performance due to less indirection (maybe for --icf={safe,all} as well if most
symbols are Defined).

With this change, there is only one reference to `repl` (--gdb-index D89751).
We can undo f4fb5fd752 (`Move Repl to SectionBase.`)
but move `repl` to `InputSection` instead.

Reviewed By: ikudrin

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116093
2021-12-24 12:09:48 -08:00
Fangrui Song 3a5fb57393 [ELF] Replace LazyObjFile with lazy ObjFile/BitcodeFile
The new `lazy` state is the inverse of the previous `LazyObjFile::extracted`.
There are many advantages:

* previously when a LazyObjFile was extracted, a new ObjFile/BitcodeFile was created; now the file is reused, just with `lazy` cleared
* avoid the confusing transfer of `symbols` from LazyObjFile to the new file
* the `incompatible file:` diagnostic is unified with `is incompatible with`
* simpler code, smaller executable (6200+ bytes smaller on x86-64)
* make eager parsing feasible (for parallel section/symbol table initialization)
2021-12-22 17:41:50 -08:00
Fangrui Song b0211de5e3 [ELF] Change Symbol::verdefIndex from uint32_t to uint16_t
The SHT_GNU_version index is 16-bit, so the 32-bit value is a waste.
Technically non-default version index 0x7fff uses version index 0xffff,
but it is impossible in practice.

This change decreases sizeof(SymbolUnion) from 80 to 72 on ELF64 platforms.
Memory usage decreases by 1% when linking a large executable.
2021-12-15 17:59:30 -08:00
Fangrui Song 68009b78f2 [ELF] Symbol::replace: remove dead code 2021-12-15 16:08:18 -08:00
Fangrui Song a8d6d2614b [ELF] Replace make<Defined> with makeDefined. NFC
This removes SpecificAlloc<Defined> and makes my lld executable 1.5k smaller.
This drops the small memory waste due to the separate BumpPtrAllocator.
2021-12-15 13:15:03 -08:00
Fangrui Song cf783be8d7 Reland D114783/D115603 [ELF] Split scanRelocations into scanRelocations/postScanRelocations
(Fixed an issue about GOT on a copy relocated alias.)
(Fixed an issue about not creating r_addend=0 IRELATIVE for unreferenced non-preemptible ifunc.)

The idea is to make scanRelocations mark some actions are needed (GOT/PLT/etc)
and postpone the real work to postScanRelocations. It gives some flexibility:

* Make it feasible to support .plt.got (PR32938): we need to know whether GLOB_DAT and JUMP_SLOT are both needed.
* Make non-preemptible IFUNC handling slightly cleaner: avoid setting/clearing sym.gotInIgot
* -z nocopyrel: report all copy relocation places for one symbol
* Make GOT deduplication feasible
* Make parallel relocation scanning feasible (if we can avoid all stateful operations and make Symbol attributes atomic), but parallelism may not be the appealing choice

Since this patch moves a large chunk of code out of ELFT templates. My x86-64
executable is actually a few hundred bytes smaller.

For ppc32-ifunc-nonpreemptible-pic.s: I remove absolute relocation references to non-preemptible ifunc
because absolute relocation references are incorrect in -fpie mode.

Reviewed By: peter.smith, ikudrin

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114783
2021-12-14 16:28:41 -08:00
Fangrui Song ea15b862d7 Revert D114783 [ELF] Split scanRelocations into scanRelocations/postScanRelocations
May cause a failure for non-preemptible `bcmp` in a glibc -static link.
2021-12-14 14:33:50 -08:00
Fangrui Song b79686c6dc [ELF] Remove needsPltAddr in favor of needsCopy
needsPltAddr is equivalent to `needsCopy && isFunc`. In many places, it is
equivalent to `needsCopy` because the non-STT_FUNC cases are ruled out.

Reviewed By: ikudrin, peter.smith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D115603
2021-12-14 09:52:43 -08:00
Fangrui Song e7a95b0674 Reland [ELF] Split scanRelocations into scanRelocations/postScanRelocations
(Fixed an issue about GOT on a copy relocated alias.)

The idea is to make scanRelocations mark some actions are needed (GOT/PLT/etc)
and postpone the real work to postScanRelocations. It gives some flexibility:

* Make it feasible to support .plt.got (PR32938): we need to know whether GLOB_DAT and JUMP_SLOT are both needed.
* Make non-preemptible IFUNC handling slightly cleaner: avoid setting/clearing sym.gotInIgot
* -z nocopyrel: report all copy relocation places for one symbol
* Make GOT deduplication feasible
* Make parallel relocation scanning feasible (if we can avoid all stateful operations and make Symbol attributes atomic), but parallelism may not be the appealing choice

Since this patch moves a large chunk of code out of ELFT templates. My x86-64
executable is actually a few hundred bytes smaller.

For ppc32-ifunc-nonpreemptible-pic.s: I remove absolute relocation references to non-preemptible ifunc
because absolute relocation references are incorrect in -fpie mode.

Reviewed By: peter.smith, ikudrin

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114783
2021-12-13 20:11:24 -08:00
Fangrui Song 0b8b86e30f Revert "[ELF] Split scanRelocations into scanRelocations/postScanRelocations"
This reverts commit fc33861d48.

`replaceWithDefined` should copy needsGot, otherwise an alias for a copy
relocated symbol may not have GOT entry if its needsGot was originally true.
2021-12-13 19:29:53 -08:00
Fangrui Song fc33861d48 [ELF] Split scanRelocations into scanRelocations/postScanRelocations
The idea is to make scanRelocations mark some actions are needed (GOT/PLT/etc)
and postpone the real work to postScanRelocations. It gives some flexibility:

* Make it feasible to support .plt.got (PR32938): we need to know whether GLOB_DAT and JUMP_SLOT are both needed.
* Make non-preemptible IFUNC handling slightly cleaner: avoid setting/clearing sym.gotInIgot
* -z nocopyrel: report all copy relocation places for one symbol
* Make parallel relocation scanning possible (if we can avoid all stateful operations and make Symbol attributes atomic), but parallelism may not be the appealing choice
* Make GOT deduplication feasible

Since this patch moves a large chunk of code out of ELFT templates. My x86-64
executable is actually a few hundred bytes smaller.

For ppc32-ifunc-nonpreemptible-pic.s: I remove absolute relocation references to non-preemptible ifunc
because absolute relocation references are incorrect in -fpie mode.

Reviewed By: peter.smith, ikudrin

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114783
2021-12-13 09:56:52 -08:00
Fangrui Song 09401dfcf1 [ELF] Rename fetch to extract
The canonical term is "extract" (GNU ld documentation, Solaris's `-z *extract`
options). Avoid inventing a term and match --why-extract. (ld64 prefers "load"
but the word is overloaded too much)

Mostly MFC, except for --help messages and the header row in
--print-archive-stats output.
2021-11-26 10:58:50 -08:00
Fangrui Song 71ec1e5015 [ELF] Demote !isUsedInRegularObj lazy symbol
I think D79300 has fixed the D51892 (`__i686.get_pc_thunk.bx`) issue, so
we can bring back rL330869.
D79300 says `would error undefined symbol instead of the more relevant discarded section`
but it doesn't reproduce now.

This avoids a quirk in `isUndefWeak()`.

Reviewed By: peter.smith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D111365
2021-10-11 09:46:31 -07:00
Fangrui Song a954bb18b1 [ELF] Add --why-extract= to query why archive members/lazy object files are extracted
Similar to D69607 but for archive member extraction unrelated to GC. This patch adds --why-extract=.

Prior art:

GNU ld -M prints
```
Archive member included to satisfy reference by file (symbol)

a.a(a.o)                      main.o (a)
b.a(b.o)                      (b())
```

-M is mainly for input section/symbol assignment <-> output section mapping
(often huge output) and the information may appear ad-hoc.

Apple ld64
```
__Z1bv forced load of b.a(b.o)
_a forced load of a.a(a.o)
```

It doesn't say the reference file.

Arm's proprietary linker
```
Selecting member vsnprintf.o(c_wfu.l) to define vsnprintf.
...
Loading member vsnprintf.o from c_wfu.l.
              definition:  vsnprintf
              reference :  _printf_a
```

---

--why-extract= gives the user the full data (which is much shorter than GNU ld
-Map). It is easy to track a chain of references to one archive member with a
one-liner, e.g.

```
% ld.lld main.o a_b.a b_c.a c.a -o /dev/null --why-extract=- | tee stdout
reference       extracted       symbol
main.o  a_b.a(a_b.o)    a
a_b.a(a_b.o)    b_c.a(b_c.o)    b()
b_c.a(b_c.o)    c.a(c.o)        c()

% ruby -ane 'BEGIN{p={}}; p[$F[1]]=[$F[0],$F[2]] if $.>1; END{x="c.a(c.o)"; while y=p[x]; puts "#{y[0]} extracts #{x} to resolve #{y[1]}"; x=y[0] end}' stdout
b_c.a(b_c.o) extracts c.a(c.o) to resolve c()
a_b.a(a_b.o) extracts b_c.a(b_c.o) to resolve b()
main.o extracts a_b.a(a_b.o) to resolve a
```

Archive member extraction happens before --gc-sections, so this may not be a live path
under --gc-sections, but I think it is a good approximation in practice.

* Specifying a file avoids output interleaving with --verbose.
* Required `=` prevents accidental overwrite of an input if the user forgets `=`. (Most of compiler drivers' long options accept `=` but not ` `)

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D109572
2021-09-20 09:52:30 -07:00
Teresa Johnson 1487747e99 [LTO] Prevent devirtualization for symbols dynamically exported
Identify dynamically exported symbols (--export-dynamic[-symbol=],
--dynamic-list=, or definitions needed to preempt shared objects) and
prevent their LTO visibility from being upgraded.
This helps avoid use of whole program devirtualization when there may
be overrides in dynamic libraries.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D91583
2021-01-27 15:54:13 -08:00
Fangrui Song f96ff3c0f8 [ELF] --wrap: Produce a dynamic symbol for undefined __wrap_
```
// a.s
jmp fcntl
// b.s
.globl fcntl
fcntl:
  ret
```

`ld.lld -shared --wrap=fcntl a.o b.o` has an `R_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT` referencing
the index 0 undefined symbol, which will cause a glibc `symbol lookup error` at
runtime. This is because `__wrap_fcntl` is not in .dynsym

We use an approximation `!wrap->isUndefined()`, which doesn't set
`isUsedInRegularObj` of `__wrap_fcntl` when `fcntl` is referenced and
`__wrap_fcntl` is undefined.

Fix this by using `sym->referenced`.
2021-01-19 21:23:57 -08:00
Fangrui Song 843c2b2303 [ELF] Error for undefined foo@v1
If an object file has an undefined foo@v1, we emit a dynamic symbol foo.
This is incorrect if at runtime a shared object provides the non-default version foo@v1
(the undefined foo may bind to foo@@v2, for example).

GNU ld issues an error for this case, even if foo@v1 is undefined weak
(https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3351). This behavior makes
sense because to represent an undefined foo@v1, we have to construct a Verneed
entry. However, without knowing the defining filename, we cannot construct a
Verneed entry (Verneed::vn_file is unavailable).

This patch implements the error.

Depends on D92258

Reviewed By: grimar

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D92260
2020-12-01 08:59:54 -08:00
Fangrui Song 941e9336d0 [ELF] Make foo@@v1 resolve undefined foo@v1
The symbol resolution rules for versioned symbols are:

* foo@@v1 (default version) resolves both undefined foo and foo@v1
* foo@v1 (non-default version) resolves undefined foo@v1

Note, foo@@v1 must be defined (the assembler errors if attempting to
create an undefined foo@@v1).

For defined foo@@v1 in a shared object, we call `SymbolTable::addSymbol` twice,
one for foo and the other for foo@v1. We don't do the same for object files, so
foo@@v1 defined in one object file incorrectly does not resolve a foo@v1
reference in another object file.

This patch fixes the issue by reusing the --wrap code to redirect symbols in
object files. This has to be done after processing input files because
foo and foo@v1 are two separate symbols if we haven't seen foo@@v1.

Add a helper `Symbol::getVersionSuffix` to retrieve the optional trailing
`@...` or `@@...` from the possibly truncated symbol name.

Depends on D92258

Reviewed By: jhenderson

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D92259
2020-12-01 08:54:01 -08:00
Fangrui Song ce3c5dae06 [ELF] --warn-backrefs: save the referenced InputFile *
For a diagnostic `A refers to B` where B refers to a bitcode file, if the
symbol gets optimized out, the user may see `A refers to <internal>`; if the
symbol is retained, the user may see `A refers to lto.tmp`.

Save the reference InputFile * in the DenseMap so that the original filename is
available in reportBackrefs().
2020-10-22 15:27:19 -07:00
Igor Kudrin 66e4eb9c1b [LLD][ELF] Implement --discard-* for cases when -r or --emit-relocs are used.
When discarding local symbols with --discard-all or --discard-locals,
the ones which are used in relocations should be preserved. LLD used
the simplest approach and just ignored those switches when -r or
--emit-relocs was specified.

The patch implements handling the --discard-* switches for the cases
when relocations are kept by identifying used local symbols and allowing
removing only unused ones. This makes the behavior of LLD compatible
with GNU linkers.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D77807
2020-04-25 18:59:41 +07:00
Fangrui Song 58207d6fe1 [ELF] Fix "TLS attribute mismatch" false positives for STT_NOTYPE undefined symbols
D13550 added the diagnostic to address/work around a crash.
The rule was refined by D19836 (test/ELF/tls-archive.s) to exclude Lazy symbols.

https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=45598 reported another case where the current logic has a false positive:

Bitcode does not record undefined module-level inline assembly symbols
(`IRSymtab.cpp:Builder::addSymbol`). Such an undefined symbol does not
have the FB_tls bit and lld will not consider it STT_TLS. When the symbol is
later replaced by a STT_TLS Defined, lld will error "TLS attribute mismatch".

This patch fixes this false positive by allowing a STT_NOTYPE undefined
symbol to be replaced by a STT_TLS.

Considered alternative:

Moving the diagnostics to scanRelocs() can improve the diagnostics (PR36049)
but that requires a fair amount of refactoring. We will need more
RelExpr members. It requires more thoughts whether it is worthwhile.

See `test/ELF/tls-mismatch.s` for behavior differences. We will fail to
diagnose a likely runtime bug (STT_NOTYPE non-TLS relocation referencing
a TLS definition). This is probably acceptable because compiler
generated code sets symbol types properly.

Reviewed By: grimar, psmith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D78438
2020-04-21 07:56:35 -07:00
Fangrui Song 03c825c224 [ELF] --warn-backrefs: don't warn for linking sandwich problems
This is an alternative design to D77512.

D45195 added --warn-backrefs to detect

* A. certain input orders which GNU ld either errors ("undefined reference")
  or has different resolution semantics
* B. (byproduct) some latent multiple definition problems (-ldef1 -lref -ldef2) which I
  call "linking sandwich problems". def2 may or may not be the same as def1.

When an archive appears more than once (-ldef -lref -ldef), lld and GNU
ld may have the same resolution but --warn-backrefs may warn. This is
not uncommon. For example, currently lld itself has such a problem:

```
liblldCommon.a liblldCOFF.a ... liblldCommon.a
  _ZN3lld10DWARFCache13getDILineInfoEmm in liblldCOFF.a refers to liblldCommon.a(DWARF.cpp.o)
libLLVMSupport.a also appears twice and has a similar warning
```

glibc has such problems. It is somewhat destined because of its separate
libc/libpthread/... and arbitrary grouping. The situation is getting
improved over time but I have seen:
```
-lc __isnanl references -lm
-lc _IO_funlockfile references -lpthread
```

There are also various issues in interaction with other runtime
libraries such as libgcc_eh and libunwind:
```
-lc __gcc_personality_v0 references -lgcc_eh
-lpthread __gcc_personality_v0 references -lgcc_eh
-lpthread _Unwind_GetCFA references -lunwind
```

These problems are actually benign. We want --warn-backrefs to focus on
its main task A and defer task B (which is also useful) to a more
specific future feature (see gold --detect-odr-violations and
https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43110).

Instead of warning immediately, we store the message and only report it
if no subsequent lazy definition exists.

The use of the static variable `backrefDiags` is similar to `undefs` in
Relocations.cpp

Reviewed By: grimar

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D77522
2020-04-07 10:25:23 -07:00
Fangrui Song f2036a15d3 [ELF] Print symbols with non-default versions for better "undefined symbol" diagnostics
When reporting an "undefined symbol" diagnostic:

* We don't print @ for the reference.
* We don't print @ or @@ for the definition. https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=45318

This can lead to confusing diagnostics:

```
// foo may be foo@v2
ld.lld: error: undefined symbol: foo
>>> referenced by t1.o:(.text+0x1)
// foo may be foo@v1 or foo@@v1
>>> did you mean: foo
>>> defined in: t.so
```

There are 2 ways a symbol in symtab may get truncated:

* A @@ definition may be truncated *early* by SymbolTable::insert().
  The name ends with a '\0'.
* A @ definition/reference may be truncated *later* by Symbol::parseSymbolVersion().
  The name ends with a '@'.

This patch detects the second case and improves the diagnostics. The first case is
not improved but the second case is sufficient to make diagnostics not confusing.

Reviewed By: ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76999
2020-04-01 08:04:36 -07:00
Fangrui Song cd0ab2428f [ELF] --icf: do not fold preemptible symbols
Fixes PR44124.

A preemptible symbol may refer to a different definition at runtime.
When comparing a pair of relocations, if they refer to different
symbols, and either symbol is preemptible, the two containing sections
should be considered different.

gold has a similar rule https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;a=commit;h=ce97fa81e0c46d216b80b143ad8c02fff6906fef

Reviewed By: grimar

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D71163
2019-12-10 09:06:08 -08:00
Fangrui Song c8f0d3e130 [ELF][PPC64] Support long branch thunks with addends
Fixes PPC64 part of PR40438

  // clang -target ppc64le -c a.cc
  // .text.unlikely may be placed in a separate output section (via -z keep-text-section-prefix)
  // The distance between bar in .text.unlikely and foo in .text may be larger than 32MiB.
  static void foo() {}
  __attribute__((section(".text.unlikely"))) static int bar() { foo(); return 0; }
  __attribute__((used)) static int dummy = bar();

This patch makes such thunks with addends work for PPC64.

AArch64: .text -> `__AArch64ADRPThunk_ (adrp x16, ...; add x16, x16, ...; br x16)` -> target
PPC64: .text -> `__long_branch_ (addis 12, 2, ...; ld 12, ...(12); mtctr 12; bctr)` -> target

AArch64 can leverage ADRP to jump to the target directly, but PPC64
needs to load an address from .branch_lt . Before Power ISA v3.0, the
PC-relative ADDPCIS was not available. .branch_lt was invented to work
around the limitation.

Symbol::ppc64BranchltIndex is replaced by
PPC64LongBranchTargetSection::entry_index which take addends into
consideration.

The tests are rewritten: ppc64-long-branch.s tests -no-pie and
ppc64-long-branch-pi.s tests -pie and -shared.

Reviewed By: sfertile

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D70937
2019-12-05 10:17:45 -08:00
Ayke van Laethem 57776f71fa
[ELF] Fix lld build on Windows/MinGW
The patch in https://reviews.llvm.org/D64077 causes a build failure
because both the Defined and SharedSymbol classes are bigger than 80
bytes on MinGW 8.

This patch fixes this build failure by changing the type of the
bitfields. It is a similar change to the bitfield changes in
https://reviews.llvm.org/D64238, but instead of changing to bool I
decided to use uint8_t because one of the bitfields takes up two bits
instead of one.

Note: the patch is slightly different from the one reviewed in
Phabricator, but it is a trivial change to align it with LLVM master
instead of LLVM 9. Also, it passes all lld tests.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D70266
2019-11-16 13:28:53 +01:00
Nico Weber 5976a3f5aa Fix a few typos in lld/ELF to cycle bots 2019-10-28 21:41:47 -04:00
Fangrui Song bd8cfe65f5 [ELF] Wrap things in `namespace lld { namespace elf {`, NFC
This makes it clear `ELF/**/*.cpp` files define things in the `lld::elf`
namespace and simplifies `elf::foo` to `foo`.

Reviewed By: atanasyan, grimar, ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68323

llvm-svn: 373885
2019-10-07 08:31:18 +00:00
Fangrui Song f1d538cce5 [ELF] Initialize 2 fields of Symbol in SymbolTable::insert
A new symbol is added to elf::symtab in 3 steps:

1) SymbolTable::insert creates a placeholder.
2) Symbol::mergeProperties
3) Symbol::replace

Fields referenced by steps 2) and 3) should be initialized in
SymbolTable::insert.  `traced` and `referenced` were missed previously.
This did not cause problems because compilers generated code that
initialized them (bit fields) to 0.

Reviewed By: grimar

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D66130

llvm-svn: 368784
2019-08-14 01:52:47 +00:00
Fangrui Song c6cd62352c [ELF] Simplify handling of exportDynamic and isPreemptible
In Writer::includeInDynSym(), exportDynamic is used by a Defined with
protected or default visibility, to record whether it is required to be
exported into .dynsym. It is set when any of the following conditions
hold:

1) There is an interposable symbol from a DSO (Undefined or SharedSymbol with default visibility)
2) If -shared or --export-dynamic is specified, any symbol in an object file/bitcode sets this property, unless suppressed by canBeOmittedFromSymbolTable().
3) --dynamic-list when producing an executable

4) protected symbol from a DSO preempted by copy relocation/canonical PLT when
  --ignore-{data,function}-address-equality is specified
5) ifunc is exported when -z ifunc-noplt is specified

Bullet points 4) and 5) are irrelevant in this patch.

Bullet 3) does not play well with 1) and 2). When -shared is specified,
exportDynamic of most symbols is true. This makes it incapable to record
--dynamic-list marked symbols. We thus have obscure:

    if (!config->shared)
      b->exportDynamic = true;
    else if (b->includeInDynsym())
      b->isPreemptible = true;

This patch adds another bit `Symbol::inDynamicList` to record
3). We can thus simplify handleDynamicList() by unifying the DSO and
  executable cases. It also allows us to simplify isPreemptible - now
the field is only used in finalizeSections() and later stages.

Reviewed By: peter.smith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D66091

llvm-svn: 368659
2019-08-13 09:12:52 +00:00
Fangrui Song ab04ad6af7 [ELF] Rename odd variable names "New" after r365730. NFC
New -> newSym or newFlags

Reviewed By: atanasyan

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D66127

llvm-svn: 368651
2019-08-13 06:19:39 +00:00
Fangrui Song e49c417ed1 [ELF] Make binding (weak or non-weak) logic consistent for Undefined and SharedSymbol
This is a case missed by D64136. If %t1.o has a weak reference on foo,
and %t2.so has a non-weak reference on foo:

```
0. ld.lld %t1.o %t2.so          # ok; STB_WEAK; accepted since D64136
1. ld.lld %t2.so %t1.o          # undefined symbol: foo; STB_GLOBAL
2. gold %t1.o %t2.so            # ok; STB_WEAK
3. gold %t2.so %t1.o            # undefined reference to 'foo'; STB_GLOBAL
4. ld.bfd %t1.o %t2.so          # undefined reference to `foo'; STB_WEAK
5. ld.bfd %t2.so %t1.o          # undefined reference to `foo'; STB_WEAK
```

It can be argued that in both cases, the binding of the undefined foo
should be set to STB_WEAK, because the binding should not be affected by
referenced from shared objects.

--allow-shlib-undefined doesn't suppress errors (3,4,5), but -shared or
--noinhibit-exec allows ld.bfd/gold to produce a binary:

```
3. gold -shared %t2.so %t1.o    # ok; STB_GLOBAL
4. ld.bfd -shared %t2.so %t1.o  # ok; STB_WEAK
5. ld.bfd -shared %t1.o %t1.o   # ok; STB_WEAK
```

If %t2.so has DT_NEEDED entries, ld.bfd will load them (lld/gold don't
have the behavior). If one of the DSO defines foo and it is in the
link-time search path (e.g. DT_NEEDED entry is an absolute path, via
-rpath=, via -rpath-link=, etc),
`ld.bfd %t1.o %t2.so` and `ld.bfd %t1.o %t2.so` will not error.

In this patch, we make Undefined and SharedSymbol share the same binding
computing logic. Case 1 will be allowed:

```
0. ld.lld %t1.o %t2.so          # ok; STB_WEAK; accepted since D64136
1. ld.lld %t2.so %t1.o          # ok; STB_WEAK; changed by this patch
```

In the future, we can explore the option that turns both (0,1) into
errors if --no-allow-shlib-undefined (default when linking an
executable) is in action.

Reviewed By: ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D65584

llvm-svn: 368038
2019-08-06 14:03:45 +00:00
Nico Weber 9c0716f116 ld.lld: Demangle symbols from archives in diagnostics
This ports r366573 from COFF to ELF.

There are now to toString(Archive::Symbol), one doing MSVC demangling
in COFF and one doing Itanium demangling in ELF, so rename these two
to toCOFFString() and to toELFString() to not get a duplicate symbol.

Nothing ever passes a raw Archive::Symbol to CHECK(), so these not
being part of the normal toString() machinery seems ok.

There are two code paths in the ELF linker that emits this type of
diagnostic:

1. The "normal" one in InputFiles.cpp. This is covered by the tweaked test.

2. An additional one that's only used for libcalls if there's at least
   one bitcode in the link, and if the libcall symbol is lazy, and
   lazily loaded from an archive (i.e. not from a lazy .o file).
   (This code path was added in r339301.) Since all libcall names so far
   are C symbols and never mangled, the change there is not observable
   and hence not covered by tests.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D65095

llvm-svn: 366836
2019-07-23 19:00:01 +00:00
Rui Ueyama 3837f4273f [Coding style change] Rename variables so that they start with a lowercase letter
This patch is mechanically generated by clang-llvm-rename tool that I wrote
using Clang Refactoring Engine just for creating this patch. You can see the
source code of the tool at https://reviews.llvm.org/D64123. There's no manual
post-processing; you can generate the same patch by re-running the tool against
lld's code base.

Here is the main discussion thread to change the LLVM coding style:
https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2019-February/130083.html
In the discussion thread, I proposed we use lld as a testbed for variable
naming scheme change, and this patch does that.

I chose to rename variables so that they are in camelCase, just because that
is a minimal change to make variables to start with a lowercase letter.

Note to downstream patch maintainers: if you are maintaining a downstream lld
repo, just rebasing ahead of this commit would cause massive merge conflicts
because this patch essentially changes every line in the lld subdirectory. But
there's a remedy.

clang-llvm-rename tool is a batch tool, so you can rename variables in your
downstream repo with the tool. Given that, here is how to rebase your repo to
a commit after the mass renaming:

1. rebase to the commit just before the mass variable renaming,
2. apply the tool to your downstream repo to mass-rename variables locally, and
3. rebase again to the head.

Most changes made by the tool should be identical for a downstream repo and
for the head, so at the step 3, almost all changes should be merged and
disappear. I'd expect that there would be some lines that you need to merge by
hand, but that shouldn't be too many.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D64121

llvm-svn: 365595
2019-07-10 05:00:37 +00:00
Fangrui Song 50e7f45b28 [ELF] Assert sizeof(SymbolUnion) <= 80
Reviewed By: ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D64077

llvm-svn: 365443
2019-07-09 07:12:58 +00:00
Fangrui Song 1c70d136fb [ELF] Only allow the binding of SharedSymbol to change for the first undef ref
Fixes PR42442

t.o has a STB_GLOBAL undef ref to f
t2.so has a STB_WEAK undef ref to f
t1.so defines f

ld.lld t.o t1.so t2.so currently sets the binding of `f` to STB_WEAK.
This is not correct because there exists a STB_GLOBAL undef ref from a
regular object. The problem is that resolveUndefined() doesn't check
if the undef ref is seen for the first time:

    if (isShared() || isLazy() || (isUndefined() && Other.Binding != STB_WEAK))
      Binding = Other.Binding;

The isShared() condition should be `isShared() && !Referenced`
where Referenced is set to true after an undef ref is seen.

In practice, when linking a pthread program with glibc:

    // a.o
    #include <pthread.h>
    pthread_mutex_t mu = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
    int main() { pthread_mutex_unlock(&mu); }

{clang,gcc} -fuse-ld=lld a.o -lpthread # libpthread.so is linked before libgcc_s.so.1

The weak undef pthread_mutex_unlock in libgcc_s.so.1 makes the result
weak, which diverges from GNU linkers where STB_DEFAULT is used:

    23: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    WEAK   DEFAULT  UND pthread_mutex_lock

(Note, if -pthread is used instead, libpthread.so will be linked **after**
libgcc_s.so.1 . lld sets the binding to the expected STB_GLOBAL)

Similar linking sequences (ld.lld t.o t1.so t2.so) appear to be used by
Go, which cause a build error https://github.com/golang/go/issues/31912.

Reviewed By: grimar, ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D63974

llvm-svn: 364913
2019-07-02 11:37:21 +00:00
Fangrui Song 5b4285d82d [ELF][RISCV] Create dummy .sdata for __global_pointer$ if .sdata does not exist
If .sdata is absent, linker synthesized __global_pointer$ gets a section index of SHN_ABS.
(ld.bfd has a similar issue: binutils PR24678)

Scrt1.o may use `lla gp, __global_pointer$` to reference the symbol PC
relatively. In -pie/-shared mode, lld complains if a PC relative
relocation references an absolute symbol (SHN_ABS) but ld.bfd doesn't:

    ld.lld: error: relocation R_RISCV_PCREL_HI20 cannot refer to lute symbol: __global_pointer$

Let the reference of __global_pointer$ to force creation of .sdata to
fix the problem. This is similar to _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_, which forces
creation of .got or .got.plt .

Also, change the visibility from STV_HIDDEN to STV_DEFAULT and don't
define the symbol for -shared. This matches ld.bfd, though I don't
understand why it uses STV_DEFAULT.

Reviewed By: ruiu, jrtc27

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D63132

llvm-svn: 363351
2019-06-14 02:14:53 +00:00
Fangrui Song 0526c0cd8e [ELF] Implement Local Dynamic style TLSDESC for x86-64
For the Local Dynamic case of TLSDESC, _TLS_MODULE_BASE_ is defined as a
special TLS symbol that makes:

1) Without relaxation: it produces a dynamic TLSDESC relocation that
computes 0. Adding @dtpoff to access a TLS symbol.
2) With LD->LE relaxation: _TLS_MODULE_BASE_@tpoff = 0 (lowest address in
the TLS block). Adding @tpoff to access a TLS symbol.

For 1), this saves dynamic relocations and GOT slots as otherwise
(General Dynamic) we would create an R_X86_64_TLSDESC and reserve two
GOT slots for each symbol.

Add ElfSym::TlsModuleBase and change the signature of getTlsTpOffset()
to special case _TLS_MODULE_BASE_.

Reviewed By: ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D62577

llvm-svn: 362078
2019-05-30 10:00:20 +00:00
Peter Collingbourne ba2816be82 ELF: Add basic partition data structures and behaviours.
This change causes us to read partition specifications from partition
specification sections and split output sections into partitions according
to their reachability from partition entry points.

This is only the first step towards a full implementation of partitions. Later
changes will add additional synthetic sections to each partition so that
they can be loaded independently.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D60353

llvm-svn: 361925
2019-05-29 03:55:20 +00:00
Sam Clegg 7991b68284 [lld] Trace all references with lld --trace-symbol
Previously undefined symbol references were only traced if they were
seen before that definition.

Fixes https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=41878

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D61929

llvm-svn: 361636
2019-05-24 13:29:17 +00:00
Rui Ueyama 7f7d2b2e62 Move code for symbol resolution from SymbolTable.cpp to Symbols.cpp.
My recent commits separated symbol resolution from the symbol table,
so the functions to resolve symbols are now in a somewhat wrong file.
This patch moves it to Symbols.cpp.

The functions are now member functions of the symbol.

This is code move change. I modified function names so that they are
appropriate as member functions, though. No functionality change
intended.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D62290

llvm-svn: 361474
2019-05-23 09:58:08 +00:00
Rui Ueyama ecf6eb515f Copy symbol length when we replace a symbol.
Symbol's NameSize is computed lazily. Currently, when we replace a symbol,
a cached length value can be discarded. This patch propagates that value.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D62234

llvm-svn: 361364
2019-05-22 09:19:30 +00:00
Fangrui Song b72b091389 [ELF] Improve error message for relocations to symbols defined in discarded sections
Rather than report "undefined symbol: ", give more informative message
about the object file that defines the discarded section.

In particular, PR41133, if the section is a discarded COMDAT, print the
section group signature and the object file with the prevailing
definition. This is useful to track down some ODR issues.

We need to
* add `uint32_t DiscardedSecIdx` to Undefined for this feature.
* make ComdatGroups public and change its type to DenseMap<CachedHashStringRef, const InputFile *>

Reviewed By: ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D59649

llvm-svn: 361359
2019-05-22 09:06:42 +00:00
Rui Ueyama faf541e1e1 Make replaceSymbol a member function of Symbol.
This is a mechanical rewrite of replaceSymbol(A, B) to A->replace(B).
I also added a comment to Symbol::replace().

Technically this change is not necessary, but this change makes code a
bit more concise.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D62117

llvm-svn: 361123
2019-05-20 03:36:33 +00:00
Fangrui Song a6720e7407 [ELF] Copy IsPreemptible in replaceSymbol()
Otherwise, we may set IsPreemptible (e.g. --dynamic-list) then clear it
(in replaceCommonSymbols()).

Reviewed By: ruiu

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D62107

llvm-svn: 361122
2019-05-20 02:07:03 +00:00