Summary:
The New Pass Manager infrastructure was forgetting to keep around the optimization remark yaml file that the compiler might have been producing. This meant setting the option to '-' for stdout worked, but setting it to a filename didn't give file output (presumably it was deleted because compilation didn't explicitly keep it). This change just ensures that the file is kept if compilation succeeds.
So far I have updated one of the optimization remark output tests to add a version with the new pass manager. It is my intention for this patch to also include changes to all tests that use `-opt-remark-output=` but I wanted to get the code patch ready for review while I was making all those changes.
Fixes https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=33951
Reviewers: anemet, chandlerc
Reviewed By: anemet, chandlerc
Subscribers: javed.absar, chandlerc, fhahn, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D36906
llvm-svn: 311271
Summary: When polly is linked into the tools because of the LLVM_POLLY_LINK_INTO_TOOLS option being set, we need to register its passes with the PassBuilder. Because polly is linked in, we can directly call its callback registration method, which registers the appropriate callbacks with the new PM's PassBuilder. This essentially follows exactly the way it worked with the legacy PM.
Reviewers: grosser, chandlerc, bollu
Reviewed By: grosser
Subscribers: pollydev, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D36273
llvm-svn: 310043
IMHO it is an antipattern to have a enum value that is Default.
At any given piece of code it is not clear if we have to handle
Default or if has already been mapped to a concrete value. In this
case in particular, only the target can do the mapping and it is nice
to make sure it is always done.
This deletes the two default enum values of CodeModel and uses an
explicit Optional<CodeModel> when it is possible that it is
unspecified.
llvm-svn: 309911
Summary: The new PM needs to invoke add-discriminator pass when building with -fdebug-info-for-profiling.
Reviewers: chandlerc, davidxl
Reviewed By: chandlerc
Subscribers: sanjoy, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D35744
llvm-svn: 309121
Summary: This patch adds flags and tests to cover the PGOOpt handling logic in new PM.
Reviewers: chandlerc, davide
Reviewed By: chandlerc
Subscribers: sanjoy, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D35807
llvm-svn: 309076
There were two errors in the parsing of opt's command line options for
extension point pipelines. The EP callbacks are not supposed to return a
value. To check the pipeline text for correctness, I now try to parse it
into a temporary PM object, and print a message on failure. This solves
the compile time error for the lambda return type, as well as correctly
handles unparsable pipelines now.
llvm-svn: 307649
Summary:
This patch adds a callback registration API to the PassBuilder,
enabling registering out-of-tree passes with it.
Through the Callback API, callers may register callbacks with the
various stages at which passes are added into pass managers, including
parsing of a pass pipeline as well as at extension points within the
default -O pipelines.
Registering utilities like `require<>` and `invalidate<>` needs to be
handled manually by the caller, but a helper is provided.
Additionally, adding passes at pipeline extension points is exposed
through the opt tool. This patch adds a `-passes-ep-X` commandline
option for every extension point X, which opt parses into pipelines
inserted into that extension point.
Reviewers: chandlerc
Reviewed By: chandlerc
Subscribers: lksbhm, grosser, davide, mehdi_amini, llvm-commits, mgorny
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D33464
llvm-svn: 307532
Summary:
Add an option to prevent diagnostics that do not meet a minimum hotness
threshold from being output. When generating optimization remarks for
large codebases with a ton of cold code paths, this option can be used
to limit the optimization remark output at a reasonable size. Discussion of
this change can be read here:
http://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2017-June/114377.html
Reviewers: anemet, davidxl, hfinkel
Reviewed By: anemet
Subscribers: qcolombet, javed.absar, fhahn, eraman, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D34867
llvm-svn: 306912
Summary:
To enable profile hotness information in diagnostics output, Clang takes
the option `-fdiagnostics-show-hotness` -- that's "diagnostics", with an
"s" at the end. Clang also defines `CodeGenOptions::DiagnosticsWithHotness`.
LLVM, on the other hand, defines
`LLVMContext::getDiagnosticHotnessRequested` -- that's "diagnostic", not
"diagnostics". It's a small difference, but it's confusing, typo-inducing, and
frustrating.
Add a new method with the spelling "diagnostics", and "deprecate" the
old spelling.
Reviewers: anemet, davidxl
Reviewed By: anemet
Subscribers: llvm-commits, mehdi_amini
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D34864
llvm-svn: 306848
Summary: Also see D33429 for other ThinLTO + New PM related changes.
Reviewers: davide, chandlerc, tejohnson
Subscribers: mehdi_amini, Prazek, cfe-commits, inglorion, llvm-commits, eraman
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D33525
llvm-svn: 304378
This provides a new way to access the TargetMachine through
TargetPassConfig, as a dependency.
The patterns replaced here are:
* Passes handling a null TargetMachine call
`getAnalysisIfAvailable<TargetPassConfig>`.
* Passes not handling a null TargetMachine
`addRequired<TargetPassConfig>` and call
`getAnalysis<TargetPassConfig>`.
* MachineFunctionPasses now use MF.getTarget().
* Remove all the TargetMachine constructors.
* Remove INITIALIZE_TM_PASS.
This fixes a crash when running `llc -start-before prologepilog`.
PEI needs StackProtector, which gets constructed without a TargetMachine
by the pass manager. The StackProtector pass doesn't handle the case
where there is no TargetMachine, so it segfaults.
Related to PR30324.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D33222
llvm-svn: 303360
Currently, when masked load, store, gather or scatter intrinsics are used, we check in CodeGenPrepare pass if the subtarget support these intrinsics, if not we replace them with scalar code - this is a functional transformation not an optimization (not optional).
CodeGenPrepare pass does not run when the optimization level is set to CodeGenOpt::None (-O0).
Functional transformation should run with all optimization levels, so here I created a new pass which runs on all optimization levels and does no more than this transformation.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D32487
llvm-svn: 303050
This pass uses a new target hook to decide whether or not to expand a particular
intrinsic to the shuffevector sequence.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D32245
llvm-svn: 302631
This lets the pass focus on gathering the required analyzes, and the
utility class focus on the transformation.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D31303
llvm-svn: 302609
DISubprogram currently has 10 pointer operands, several of which are
often nullptr. This patch reduces the amount of memory allocated by
DISubprogram by rearranging the operands such that containing type,
template params, and thrown types come last, and are only allocated
when they are non-null (or followed by non-null operands).
This patch also eliminates the entirely unused DisplayName operand.
This saves up to 4 pointer operands per DISubprogram. (I tried
measuring the effect on peak memory usage on an LTO link of an X86
llc, but the results were very noisy).
This reapplies r301498 with an attempted workaround for g++.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D32560
llvm-svn: 301501
DISubprogram currently has 10 pointer operands, several of which are
often nullptr. This patch reduces the amount of memory allocated by
DISubprogram by rearranging the operands such that containing type,
template params, and thrown types come last, and are only allocated
when they are non-null (or followed by non-null operands).
This patch also eliminates the entirely unused DisplayName operand.
This saves up to 4 pointer operands per DISubprogram. (I tried
measuring the effect on peak memory usage on an LTO link of an X86
llc, but the results were very noisy).
llvm-svn: 301498
Summary:
The cumulative size of the bitcode files for a very large application
can be huge, particularly with -g. In a distributed build environment,
all of these files must be sent to the remote build node that performs
the thin link step, and this can exceed size limits.
The thin link actually only needs the summary along with a bitcode
symbol table. Until we have a proper bitcode symbol table, simply
stripping the debug metadata results in significant size reduction.
Add support for an option to additionally emit minimized bitcode
modules, just for use in the thin link step, which for now just strips
all debug metadata. I plan to add a cc1 option so this can be invoked
easily during the compile step.
However, care must be taken to ensure that these minimized thin link
bitcode files produce the same index as with the original bitcode files,
as these original bitcode files will be used in the backends.
Specifically:
1) The module hash used for caching is typically produced by hashing the
written bitcode, and we want to include the hash that would correspond
to the original bitcode file. This is because we want to ensure that
changes in the stripped portions affect caching. Added plumbing to emit
the same module hash in the minimized thin link bitcode file.
2) The module paths in the index are constructed from the module ID of
each thin linked bitcode, and typically is automatically generated from
the input file path. This is the path used for finding the modules to
import from, and obviously we need this to point to the original bitcode
files. Added gold-plugin support to take a suffix replacement during the
thin link that is used to override the identifier on the MemoryBufferRef
constructed from the loaded thin link bitcode file. The assumption is
that the build system can specify that the minimized bitcode file has a
name that is similar but uses a different suffix (e.g. out.thinlink.bc
instead of out.o).
Added various tests to ensure that we get identical index files out of
the thin link step.
Reviewers: mehdi_amini, pcc
Subscribers: Prazek, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D31027
llvm-svn: 298638
Summary: Because SamplePGO passes will be invoked twice in ThinLTO build: once at compile phase, the other at backend. We want to make sure the IR at the 2nd phase matches the hot part in profile, thus we do not want to inline hot callsites in the first phase.
Reviewers: tejohnson, eraman
Reviewed By: tejohnson
Subscribers: mehdi_amini, llvm-commits, Prazek
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D31201
llvm-svn: 298428
We had various variants of defining dump() functions in LLVM. Normalize
them (this should just consistently implement the things discussed in
http://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/cfe-dev/2014-January/034323.html
For reference:
- Public headers should just declare the dump() method but not use
LLVM_DUMP_METHOD or #if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
- The definition of a dump method should look like this:
#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
LLVM_DUMP_METHOD void MyClass::dump() {
// print stuff to dbgs()...
}
#endif
llvm-svn: 293359
This change introduces adjustPassManager target callback giving a
target an opportunity to tweak PassManagerBuilder before pass
managers are populated.
This generalizes and replaces addEarlyAsPossiblePasses target
callback. In particular that can be used to add custom passes to
extension points other than EP_EarlyAsPossible.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D28336
llvm-svn: 293189
the latter to the Transforms library.
While the loop PM uses an analysis to form the IR units, the current
plan is to have the PM itself establish and enforce both loop simplified
form and LCSSA. This would be a layering violation in the analysis
library.
Fundamentally, the idea behind the loop PM is to *transform* loops in
addition to running passes over them, so it really seemed like the most
natural place to sink this was into the transforms library.
We can't just move *everything* because we also have loop analyses that
rely on a subset of the invariants. So this patch splits the the loop
infrastructure into the analysis management that has to be part of the
analysis library, and the transform-aware pass manager.
This also required splitting the loop analyses' printer passes out to
the transforms library, which makes sense to me as running these will
transform the code into LCSSA in theory.
I haven't split the unittest though because testing one component
without the other seems nearly intractable.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D28452
llvm-svn: 291662
This pass prepares a module containing type metadata for ThinLTO by splitting
it into regular and thin LTO parts if possible, and writing both parts to
a multi-module bitcode file. Modules that do not contain type metadata are
written unmodified as a single module.
All globals with type metadata are added to the regular LTO module, and
the rest are added to the thin LTO module.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D27324
llvm-svn: 289899
Summary:
This makes it explicit that ownership is taken. Also replace all `new`
with make_unique<> at call sites.
Reviewers: anemet
Subscribers: llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D26884
llvm-svn: 287449
AnalysisWrappers.cpp has the following include chain:
llvm/Analysis/CallGraph.h
llvm/IR/CallSite.h
llvm/IR/Attributes.h
llvm/IR/Attributes.gen
This means opt needs to depend on intrinsics_gen.
llvm-svn: 287433
This restores the rest of r286297 (part was restored in r286475).
Specifically, it restores the part requiring adding a dependency from
the Analysis to Object library (downstream use changed to correctly
model split BitReader vs BitWriter libraries).
Original description of this part of patch follows:
Module level asm may also contain defs of values. We need to prevent
export of any refs to local values defined in module level asm (e.g. a
ref in normal IR), since that also requires renaming/promotion of the
local. To do that, the summary index builder looks at all values in the
module level asm string that are not marked Weak or Global, which is
exactly the set of locals that are defined. A summary is created for
each of these local defs and flagged as NoRename.
This required adding handling to the BitcodeWriter to look at GV
declarations to see if they have a summary (rather than skipping them
all).
Finally, added an assert to IRObjectFile::CollectAsmUndefinedRefs to
ensure that an MCAsmParser is available, otherwise the module asm parse
would silently fail. Initialized the asm parser in the opt tool for use
in testing this fix.
Fixes PR30610.
llvm-svn: 286844
Summary:
This patch uses the same approach added for inline asm in r285513 to
similarly prevent promotion/renaming of locals used or defined in module
level asm.
All static global values defined in normal IR and used in module level asm
should be included on either the llvm.used or llvm.compiler.used global.
The former were already being flagged as NoRename in the summary, and
I've simply added llvm.compiler.used values to this handling.
Module level asm may also contain defs of values. We need to prevent
export of any refs to local values defined in module level asm (e.g. a
ref in normal IR), since that also requires renaming/promotion of the
local. To do that, the summary index builder looks at all values in the
module level asm string that are not marked Weak or Global, which is
exactly the set of locals that are defined. A summary is created for
each of these local defs and flagged as NoRename.
This required adding handling to the BitcodeWriter to look at GV
declarations to see if they have a summary (rather than skipping them
all).
Finally, added an assert to IRObjectFile::CollectAsmUndefinedRefs to
ensure that an MCAsmParser is available, otherwise the module asm parse
would silently fail. Initialized the asm parser in the opt tool for use
in testing this fix.
Fixes PR30610.
Reviewers: mehdi_amini
Subscribers: johanengelen, krasin, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D26146
llvm-svn: 286297
(Re-committed after moving the template specialization under the yaml
namespace. GCC was complaining about this.)
This allows various presentation of this data using an external tool.
This was first recommended here[1].
As an example, consider this module:
1 int foo();
2 int bar();
3
4 int baz() {
5 return foo() + bar();
6 }
The inliner generates these missed-optimization remarks today (the
hotness information is pulled from PGO):
remark: /tmp/s.c:5:10: foo will not be inlined into baz (hotness: 30)
remark: /tmp/s.c:5:18: bar will not be inlined into baz (hotness: 30)
Now with -pass-remarks-output=<yaml-file>, we generate this YAML file:
--- !Missed
Pass: inline
Name: NotInlined
DebugLoc: { File: /tmp/s.c, Line: 5, Column: 10 }
Function: baz
Hotness: 30
Args:
- Callee: foo
- String: will not be inlined into
- Caller: baz
...
--- !Missed
Pass: inline
Name: NotInlined
DebugLoc: { File: /tmp/s.c, Line: 5, Column: 18 }
Function: baz
Hotness: 30
Args:
- Callee: bar
- String: will not be inlined into
- Caller: baz
...
This is a summary of the high-level decisions:
* There is a new streaming interface to emit optimization remarks.
E.g. for the inliner remark above:
ORE.emit(DiagnosticInfoOptimizationRemarkMissed(
DEBUG_TYPE, "NotInlined", &I)
<< NV("Callee", Callee) << " will not be inlined into "
<< NV("Caller", CS.getCaller()) << setIsVerbose());
NV stands for named value and allows the YAML client to process a remark
using its name (NotInlined) and the named arguments (Callee and Caller)
without parsing the text of the message.
Subsequent patches will update ORE users to use the new streaming API.
* I am using YAML I/O for writing the YAML file. YAML I/O requires you
to specify reading and writing at once but reading is highly non-trivial
for some of the more complex LLVM types. Since it's not clear that we
(ever) want to use LLVM to parse this YAML file, the code supports and
asserts that we're writing only.
On the other hand, I did experiment that the class hierarchy starting at
DiagnosticInfoOptimizationBase can be mapped back from YAML generated
here (see D24479).
* The YAML stream is stored in the LLVM context.
* In the example, we can probably further specify the IR value used,
i.e. print "Function" rather than "Value".
* As before hotness is computed in the analysis pass instead of
DiganosticInfo. This avoids the layering problem since BFI is in
Analysis while DiagnosticInfo is in IR.
[1] https://reviews.llvm.org/D19678#419445
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D24587
llvm-svn: 282539
This allows various presentation of this data using an external tool.
This was first recommended here[1].
As an example, consider this module:
1 int foo();
2 int bar();
3
4 int baz() {
5 return foo() + bar();
6 }
The inliner generates these missed-optimization remarks today (the
hotness information is pulled from PGO):
remark: /tmp/s.c:5:10: foo will not be inlined into baz (hotness: 30)
remark: /tmp/s.c:5:18: bar will not be inlined into baz (hotness: 30)
Now with -pass-remarks-output=<yaml-file>, we generate this YAML file:
--- !Missed
Pass: inline
Name: NotInlined
DebugLoc: { File: /tmp/s.c, Line: 5, Column: 10 }
Function: baz
Hotness: 30
Args:
- Callee: foo
- String: will not be inlined into
- Caller: baz
...
--- !Missed
Pass: inline
Name: NotInlined
DebugLoc: { File: /tmp/s.c, Line: 5, Column: 18 }
Function: baz
Hotness: 30
Args:
- Callee: bar
- String: will not be inlined into
- Caller: baz
...
This is a summary of the high-level decisions:
* There is a new streaming interface to emit optimization remarks.
E.g. for the inliner remark above:
ORE.emit(DiagnosticInfoOptimizationRemarkMissed(
DEBUG_TYPE, "NotInlined", &I)
<< NV("Callee", Callee) << " will not be inlined into "
<< NV("Caller", CS.getCaller()) << setIsVerbose());
NV stands for named value and allows the YAML client to process a remark
using its name (NotInlined) and the named arguments (Callee and Caller)
without parsing the text of the message.
Subsequent patches will update ORE users to use the new streaming API.
* I am using YAML I/O for writing the YAML file. YAML I/O requires you
to specify reading and writing at once but reading is highly non-trivial
for some of the more complex LLVM types. Since it's not clear that we
(ever) want to use LLVM to parse this YAML file, the code supports and
asserts that we're writing only.
On the other hand, I did experiment that the class hierarchy starting at
DiagnosticInfoOptimizationBase can be mapped back from YAML generated
here (see D24479).
* The YAML stream is stored in the LLVM context.
* In the example, we can probably further specify the IR value used,
i.e. print "Function" rather than "Value".
* As before hotness is computed in the analysis pass instead of
DiganosticInfo. This avoids the layering problem since BFI is in
Analysis while DiagnosticInfo is in IR.
[1] https://reviews.llvm.org/D19678#419445
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D24587
llvm-svn: 282499
As discussed in https://reviews.llvm.org/D22666, our current mechanism to
support -pg profiling, where we insert calls to mcount(), or some similar
function, is fundamentally broken. We insert these calls in the frontend, which
means they get duplicated when inlining, and so the accumulated execution
counts for the inlined-into functions are wrong.
Because we don't want the presence of these functions to affect optimizaton,
they should be inserted in the backend. Here's a pass which would do just that.
The knowledge of the name of the counting function lives in the frontend, so
we're passing it here as a function attribute. Clang will be updated to use
this mechanism.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D22825
llvm-svn: 280347
minimal and boring form than the old pass manager's version.
This pass does the very minimal amount of work necessary to inline
functions declared as always-inline. It doesn't support a wide array of
things that the legacy pass manager did support, but is alse ... about
20 lines of code. So it has that going for it. Notably things this
doesn't support:
- Array alloca merging
- To support the above, bottom-up inlining with careful history
tracking and call graph updates
- DCE of the functions that become dead after this inlining.
- Inlining through call instructions with the always_inline attribute.
Instead, it focuses on inlining functions with that attribute.
The first I've omitted because I'm hoping to just turn it off for the
primary pass manager. If that doesn't pan out, I can add it here but it
will be reasonably expensive to do so.
The second should really be handled by running global-dce after the
inliner. I don't want to re-implement the non-trivial logic necessary to
do comdat-correct DCE of functions. This means the -O0 pipeline will
have to be at least 'always-inline,global-dce', but that seems
reasonable to me. If others are seriously worried about this I'd like to
hear about it and understand why. Again, this is all solveable by
factoring that logic into a utility and calling it here, but I'd like to
wait to do that until there is a clear reason why the existing
pass-based factoring won't work.
The final point is a serious one. I can fairly easily add support for
this, but it seems both costly and a confusing construct for the use
case of the always inliner running at -O0. This attribute can of course
still impact the normal inliner easily (although I find that
a questionable re-use of the same attribute). I've started a discussion
to sort out what semantics we want here and based on that can figure out
if it makes sense ta have this complexity at O0 or not.
One other advantage of this design is that it should be quite a bit
faster due to checking for whether the function is a viable candidate
for inlining exactly once per function instead of doing it for each call
site.
Anyways, hopefully a reasonable starting point for this pass.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D23299
llvm-svn: 278896
Summary:
Port the ModuleSummaryAnalysisWrapperPass to the new pass manager.
Use it in the ported BitcodeWriterPass (similar to how we use the
legacy ModuleSummaryAnalysisWrapperPass in the legacy WriteBitcodePass).
Also, pass the -module-summary opt flag through to the new pass
manager pipeline and through to the bitcode writer pass, and add
a test that uses it.
Reviewers: mehdi_amini
Subscribers: llvm-commits, mehdi_amini
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D23439
llvm-svn: 278508
Summary:
Having -O0 in opt allows testing that -O0 optimization
pipeline is built correctly.
Reviewers: majnemer
Subscribers: llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D23208
llvm-svn: 277829
This adds boilerplate code for all coroutine passes,
the passes are no-ops for now.
Also, a small test has been added to verify that passes execute in
the expected order or not at all if coroutine support is disabled.
Patch by Gor Nishanov!
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D22847
llvm-svn: 277033
Summary:
This is the first set of changes implementing the RFC from
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.compilers.llvm.devel/98334
This is a cross-sectional patch; rather than implementing the hotness
attribute for all optimization remarks and all passes in a patch set, it
implements it for the 'missed-optimization' remark for Loop
Distribution. My goal is to shake out the design issues before scaling
it up to other types and passes.
Hotness is computed as an integer as the multiplication of the block
frequency with the function entry count. It's only printed in opt
currently since clang prints the diagnostic fields directly. E.g.:
remark: /tmp/t.c:3:3: loop not distributed: use -Rpass-analysis=loop-distribute for more info (hotness: 300)
A new API added is similar to emitOptimizationRemarkMissed. The
difference is that it additionally takes a code region that the
diagnostic corresponds to. From this, hotness is computed using BFI.
The new API is exposed via an analysis pass so that it can be made
dependent on LazyBFI. (Thanks to Hal for the analysis pass idea.)
This feature can all be enabled by setDiagnosticHotnessRequested in the
LLVM context. If this is off, LazyBFI is not calculated (D22141) so
there should be no overhead.
A new command-line option is added to turn this on in opt.
My plan is to switch all user of emitOptimizationRemark* to use this
module instead.
Reviewers: hfinkel
Subscribers: rcox2, mzolotukhin, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D21771
llvm-svn: 275583
Previously, there was a discrepancy between the population of function
passes in FPasses, and their invocation. Function passes specified on
the command line, after an optimizaton level was simply discared. This
fix PR27509.
Patch by Jesper Antonsson.
Differential Review: http://reviews.llvm.org/D20725
llvm-svn: 272770
looking for it along $PATH. This allows installs of LLVM tools outside of
$PATH to find the symbolizer and produce pretty backtraces if they crash.
llvm-svn: 272232
Eugene Zelenko