clang may place dynamic initializations for explicitly specialized class
template static data members in comdat.
Such in-comdat SHT_INIT_ARRAY was an abuse but we have to work around it for a while.
This generalizes D70146 (SHT_NOTE) to more reserved sections and makes our rules
more consistent. Now SHF_GROUP is more similar to SHF_LINK_ORDER.
For SHT_INIT_ARRAY/SHT_FINI_ARRAY, the rule will be closer to PE/COFF link.exe.
Previously sanitizers use llvm.global_ctors to make module_ctor a GC
root, which is considered an abuse.
https://groups.google.com/g/generic-abi/c/TpleUEkNoQI
We can squeak through on compatibility issues because compilers otherwise don't
use SHF_GROUP special sections.
Change the default to facilitate GC for metadata section usage, so that they
don't need SHF_LINK_ORDER or SHF_GROUP just to drop the unhelpful rule (if they
want to be unconditionally retained, use SHF_GNU_RETAIN
(`__attribute__((retain))`) or linker script `KEEP`).
The dropped SHF_GROUP special case makes the behavior of -z start-stop-gc and -z
nostart-stop-gc closer to GNU ld>=2.37 (https://sourceware.org/PR27451).
However, we default to -z start-stop-gc (which actually matches more closely to
GNU ld before 2015-10 https://sourceware.org/PR19167), which is different from
modern GNU ld (which has the unhelpful rule to work around glibc). As a
compensation, we special case `__libc_` sections as a workaround for glibc<2.34
(https://sourceware.org/PR27492).
Since -z start-stop-gc as the default actually matches the traditional GNU ld
behavior, there isn't much to be aware of. There was a systemd usage which has
been fixed by https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/19144
For one metadata section usage, each text section references a metadata section.
The metadata sections have a C identifier name to allow the runtime to collect them via `__start_/__stop_` symbols.
Since `__start_`/`__stop_` references are always present from live sections, the
C identifier name sections appear like GC roots, which means they cannot be
discarded by `ld --gc-sections`.
To make such sections GCable, either SHF_LINK_ORDER or a section group is needed.
SHF_LINK_ORDER is not suitable for the references can be inlined into other functions
(See D97430:
Function A (in the section .text.A) references its `__sancov_guard` section.
Function B inlines A (so now .text.B references `__sancov_guard` - this is invalid with the semantics of SHF_LINK_ORDER).
In the linking stage,
if `.text.A` gets discarded, and `__sancov_guard` is retained via the reference from `.text.B`,
the output will be invalid because `__sancov_guard` references the discarded `.text.A`.
LLD errors "sh_link points to discarded section".
)
A section group have size overhead, and is cumbersome when there is just one metadata section.
Add `-z start-stop-gc` to drop the "__start_/__stop_ references retain
non-SHF_LINK_ORDER non-SHF_GROUP C identifier name sections" rule.
We reserve the rights to switch the default in the future.
Reviewed By: phosek, jrtc27
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D96914
The special root semantics for identifier-named sections is meant
specifically for the metadata sections. In the context of group
semantics, where group members are always retained or discarded as a
unit, it's natural not to have this semantics apply to a section in a
group, otherwise we would never discard the group defeating the purpose
of using the group in the first place.
This change modifies the GC behavior so that __start_/__stop_ references
don't retain C identifier named sections in section groups which allows
for these groups to be collected. This matches the behavior of BFD ld.
The only kind of existing case that might break is interdependent
metadata sections that are all in a group together, but that group
doesn't contain any other sections referenced by anything except
implicit inclusion in a `__start_` and/or `__stop_`-referenced
identifier-named section, but such cases should be unlikely.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D96753
A SHF_LINK_ORDER .gcc_except_table is similar to a .gcc_except_table in
a section group. The associated text section is responsible for retaining it.
LLD still does not support GC of non-group non-SHF_LINK_ORDER .gcc_except_table -
but that is not necessary because we can teach the compiler to set SHF_LINK_ORDER.
binutils 2.36 introduced the new section flag SHF_GNU_RETAIN (for ELFOSABI_GNU &
ELFOSABI_FREEBSD) to mark a sections as a GC root. Several LLVM side toolchain
folks (including me) were involved in the design process of SHF_GNU_RETAIN and
were happy with this proposal.
Currently GNU ld only respects SHF_GNU_RETAIN semantics for ELFOSABI_GNU &
ELFOSABI_FREEBSD object files
(https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=27282). GNU ld sets EI_OSABI
to ELFOSABI_GNU for relocatable output
(https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=27091). In practice the single
value EI_OSABI is neither a good indicator for object file compatibility, nor a
useful mechanism marking used ELF extensions.
For input, we respect SHF_GNU_RETAIN semantics even for ELFOSABI_NONE object
files. This is compatible with how LLD and GNU ld handle (mildly useful) STT_GNU_IFUNC
/ (emitted by GCC, considered misfeature by some folks) STB_GNU_UNIQUE input.
(As of LLVM 12.0.0, the integrated assembler does not set ELFOSABI_GNU for
STT_GNU_IFUNC/STB_GNU_UNIQUE).
Arguably STT_GNU_IFUNC/STB_GNU_UNIQUE probably need indicators in object files
but SHF_GNU_RETAIN is more likely accepted by more OSABI platforms.
For output, we take a step further than GNU ld: we don't promote ELFOSABI_NONE
to ELFOSABI_GNU for all output.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D95749
For --gc-sections, SmallVector<InputSection *, 256> -> SmallVector<InputSection *, 0> because the code bloat (1296 bytes) is not worthwhile (the saved reallocation is negligible).
For OutputSection::compressedData, N=1 is useless (for a compressed .debug_*, the size is always larger than 1).
`try ... catch` in an inline function produces `.gcc_except_table.*` in a COMDAT
group with GCC or newer Clang (since D83655). For --gc-sections, currently we
scan `.eh_frame` pieces and mark liveness of such a `.gcc_except_table.*` and
then the associated `.text.*` (if a member in a section group is retained, the
others should be retained as well).
Essentially all `.text.*` and `.gcc_except_table.*` compiled from inline
functions with `try ... catch` cannot be discarded by the imprecise
--gc-sections. Compared with the state before D83655, the output
`.gcc_except_table` is smaller (non-prevailing copies in COMDAT groups can now
be discarded) but `.text` may be larger, i.e. size regression.
This patch teaches the .eh_frame piece scanning code to not mark
`.gcc_except_table` in a section group, thus allow unused `.text.*` and
`.gcc_except_table.*` in a section group to be discarded.
Note, non-group `.gcc_except_table` can still not be discarded. That is the status quo.
Reviewed By: grimar, echristo
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D91579
MarkLive::scanEhFrameSection is used to retain personality/LSDA
functions when --gc-sections is enabled.
Improve its performance by only iterating over the .eh_frame relocations
that need to be resolved for an EhSectionPiece. This optimization makes
the same assumption as elsewhere in LLD that the .eh_frame relocations
are sorted by r_offset.
This appears to be a performance regression introduced in commit
e6c24299d2 (https://reviews.llvm.org/D59800).
This change has been seen to reduce link time by up to ~50%.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D87245
This adds some of LLD specific scopes and picks up optimisation scopes
via LTO/ThinLTO. Makes use of TimeProfiler multi-thread support added in
77e6bb3c.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D71060
D62381 introduced forEachSymbol(). It seems that many call sites cannot
be parallelized because the body shared some states. Replace
forEachSymbol with iterator_range<filter_iterator<...>> symbols() to
simplify code and improve debuggability (std::function calls take some
frames).
It also allows us to use early return to simplify code added in D69650.
Reviewed By: grimar
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D70505
Based on D70020 by serge-sans-paille.
The ELF spec says:
> Furthermore, there may be internal references among these sections that would not make sense if one of the sections were removed or replaced by a duplicate from another object. Therefore, such groups must be included or omitted from the linked object as a unit. A section cannot be a member of more than one group.
GNU ld has 2 behaviors that we don't have:
- Group members (nextInSectionGroup != nullptr) are subject to garbage collection.
This includes non-SHF_ALLOC SHT_NOTE sections.
In particular, discarding non-SHF_ALLOC SHT_NOTE sections is an expected behavior by the Annobin
project. See
https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2018/02/20/annobin-storing-information-binaries/
for more information.
- Groups members are retained or discarded as a unit.
Members may have internal references that are not expressed as
SHF_LINK_ORDER, relocations, etc. It seems that we should be more conservative here:
if a section is marked live, mark all the other member within the
group.
Both behaviors are reasonable. This patch implements them.
A new field InputSectionBase::nextInSectionGroup tracks the next member
within a group. on ELF64, this increases sizeof(InputSectionBase) froms
144 to 152.
InputSectionBase::dependentSections tracks section dependencies, which
is used by both --gc-sections and /DISCARD/. We can't overload it for
the "next member" semantic, because we should allow /DISCARD/ to discard
sections independent of --gc-sections (GNU ld behavior). This behavior
may be reasonably used by `/DISCARD/ : { *(.ARM.exidx*) }` or `/DISCARD/
: { *(.note*) }` (new test `linkerscript/discard-group.s`).
Reviewed By: ruiu
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D70146
This makes it clear `ELF/**/*.cpp` files define things in the `lld::elf`
namespace and simplifies `elf::foo` to `foo`.
Reviewed By: atanasyan, grimar, ruiu
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68323
llvm-svn: 373885
In the case where C identifier sections have SHF_LINK_ORDER they will most
likely be placed in the same partition as the section that they are associated
with. But unless this happens to be the main partition, this will cause them
to be excluded from the range covered by the __start_ and __stop_ symbols,
which may lead to incorrect program behaviour. So we need to move them
all into the main partition so that they will be covered by the __start_
and __stop_ symbols.
We may want to refine this approach later and allow different __start_/__stop_
symbol values for different partitions. This would only make sense for
relocations from SHT_NOTE sections since they are duplicated into each
partition.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D65909
llvm-svn: 368375
This patch does the same thing as r365595 to other subdirectories,
which completes the naming style change for the entire lld directory.
With this, the naming style conversion is complete for lld.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D64473
llvm-svn: 365730
This patch is mechanically generated by clang-llvm-rename tool that I wrote
using Clang Refactoring Engine just for creating this patch. You can see the
source code of the tool at https://reviews.llvm.org/D64123. There's no manual
post-processing; you can generate the same patch by re-running the tool against
lld's code base.
Here is the main discussion thread to change the LLVM coding style:
https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2019-February/130083.html
In the discussion thread, I proposed we use lld as a testbed for variable
naming scheme change, and this patch does that.
I chose to rename variables so that they are in camelCase, just because that
is a minimal change to make variables to start with a lowercase letter.
Note to downstream patch maintainers: if you are maintaining a downstream lld
repo, just rebasing ahead of this commit would cause massive merge conflicts
because this patch essentially changes every line in the lld subdirectory. But
there's a remedy.
clang-llvm-rename tool is a batch tool, so you can rename variables in your
downstream repo with the tool. Given that, here is how to rebase your repo to
a commit after the mass renaming:
1. rebase to the commit just before the mass variable renaming,
2. apply the tool to your downstream repo to mass-rename variables locally, and
3. rebase again to the head.
Most changes made by the tool should be identical for a downstream repo and
for the head, so at the step 3, almost all changes should be merged and
disappear. I'd expect that there would be some lines that you need to merge by
hand, but that shouldn't be too many.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D64121
llvm-svn: 365595
This change causes us to read partition specifications from partition
specification sections and split output sections into partitions according
to their reachability from partition entry points.
This is only the first step towards a full implementation of partitions. Later
changes will add additional synthetic sections to each partition so that
they can be loaded independently.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D60353
llvm-svn: 361925
The change broke some scenarios where debug information is still
needed, although MarkLive cannot see it, including the
Chromium/Android build. Reverting to unbreak that build.
llvm-svn: 360955
Patch by Robert O'Callahan.
Rust projects tend to link in all object files from all dependent
libraries and rely on --gc-sections to strip unused code and data.
Unfortunately --gc-sections doesn't currently strip any debuginfo
associated with GC'ed sections, so lld links in the full debuginfo from
all dependencies even if almost all that code has been discarded. See
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/56068 for some details.
Properly stripping debuginfo for discarded sections would be difficult,
but a simple approach that helps significantly is to mark debuginfo
sections as live only if their associated object file has at least one
live code/data section. This patch does that. In a (contrived but not
totally artificial) Rust testcase linked above, it reduces the final
binary size from 46MB to 5.1MB.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D54747
llvm-svn: 358069
lld's mark-sweep garbage collector was written in the visitor pattern.
There are functions that traverses a given graph, and the functions calls
callback functions to dispatch according to node type.
The code was originaly pretty simple, and lambdas worked pretty
well. However, as we add more features to the garbage collector, that became
more like a callback hell. We now have a callback function that wraps
another callback function, for example. It is not easy to follow the flow of
the control.
This patch rewrites it as a regular class. What was once a lambda is now a
regular class member function. I think this change fixes the readability
issue.
No functionality change intended.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D59800
llvm-svn: 356966
to reflect the new license.
We understand that people may be surprised that we're moving the header
entirely to discuss the new license. We checked this carefully with the
Foundation's lawyer and we believe this is the correct approach.
Essentially, all code in the project is now made available by the LLVM
project under our new license, so you will see that the license headers
include that license only. Some of our contributors have contributed
code under our old license, and accordingly, we have retained a copy of
our old license notice in the top-level files in each project and
repository.
llvm-svn: 351636
Summary:
In glibc, libc.so is a linker script with an as-needed dependency on ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
GROUP ( /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a AS_NEEDED ( /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ) )
ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (as-needed) defines some symbols which resolve undefined references in libc.so.6, it will therefore be added as a DT_NEEDED entry, which isn't necessary.
The test case as-needed-not-in-regular.s emulates the libc.so scenario, where ld.bfd and gold don't add DT_NEEDED for a.so
The relevant code in gold/resolve.cc:
// If we have a non-WEAK reference from a regular object to a
// dynamic object, mark the dynamic object as needed.
if (to->is_from_dynobj() && to->in_reg() && !to->is_undef_binding_weak())
to->object()->set_is_needed();
in_reg() appears to do something similar to IsUsedInRegularObj.
This patch makes lld do the similar thing, but moves the check from
addShared to a later stage MarkLive where all symbols are scanned.
Reviewers: ruiu, pcc, espindola
Reviewed By: ruiu
Subscribers: emaste, arichardson, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D55902
llvm-svn: 349849
Previously, we uncompress all compressed sections before doing anything.
That works, and that is conceptually simple, but that could results in
a waste of CPU time and memory if uncompressed sections are then
discarded or just copied to the output buffer.
In particular, if .debug_gnu_pub{names,types} are compressed and if no
-gdb-index option is given, we wasted CPU and memory because we
uncompress them into newly allocated bufers and then memcpy the buffers
to the output buffer. That temporary buffer was redundant.
This patch changes how to uncompress sections. Now, compressed sections
are uncompressed lazily. To do that, `Data` member of `InputSectionBase`
is now hidden from outside, and `data()` accessor automatically expands
an compressed buffer if necessary.
If no one calls `data()`, then `writeTo()` directly uncompresses
compressed data into the output buffer. That eliminates the redundant
memory allocation and redundant memcpy.
This patch significantly reduces memory consumption (20 GiB max RSS to
15 Gib) for an executable whose .debug_gnu_pub{names,types} are in total
5 GiB in an uncompressed form.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D52917
llvm-svn: 343979
Currently, LLD marks all non-allocatable sections except SHF_REL[A] as Live
when doing GC.
This can be a reason of the crash when SHF_LINK_ORDER sections
are involved, because their parents can be dead.
We should do GC for them correctly. The patch implements it.
Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D46880
llvm-svn: 332589
Now that getSectionPiece is fast (uses a hash) it is probably OK to
split merge sections early.
The reason I want to do this is to split eh_frame sections in the same
place.
This does mean that we have to decompress early. Given that the only
compressed sections are debug info, I don't think we are missing much.
It is a small improvement: 0.5% on the geometric mean.
llvm-svn: 331058
This should resolve the issue that lld build fails in some hosts
that uses case-insensitive file system.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D43788
llvm-svn: 326339
Previously wasm used a separate header to declare markLive
and ELF used to declare ICF. This change makes each backend
consistently declare these in their own headers.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D43529
llvm-svn: 325631
Currently, archive file name is missing in this message. In general,
we should avoid constructing strings in an ad-hoc manner and instead
use toString() to get consistent output strings.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D43420
llvm-svn: 325416
Now that gc sections runs after linker defined symbols are added it
can see symbols that point to an OutputSection.
Should fix a bot failure.
llvm-svn: 320412
Since MarkLive.cpp is the place where we set Live flags for
other sections, it looks correct to do that there.
Benefit is that we stop spreading GC logic outsize of MarkLive.cpp.
Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D40454
llvm-svn: 319435
This includes a fix to mark copy reloc aliases as used.
Original message:
[ELF] Do not keep symbols if they referenced only from discarded sections.
This patch also ensures that in case of "--as-needed" is used,
DT_NEEDED entries are not created if they are required only by
these eliminated symbols.
llvm-svn: 319215
This patch also ensures that in case of "--as-needed" is used,
DT_NEEDED entries are not created if they are required only by
these eliminated symbols.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D38790
llvm-svn: 319008
Fangrui Song