The goal of this patch is to maximize CPU utilization on multi-socket or high core count systems, so that parallel computations such as LLD/ThinLTO can use all hardware threads in the system. Before this patch, on Windows, a maximum of 64 hardware threads could be used at most, in some cases dispatched only on one CPU socket.
== Background ==
Windows doesn't have a flat cpu_set_t like Linux. Instead, it projects hardware CPUs (or NUMA nodes) to applications through a concept of "processor groups". A "processor" is the smallest unit of execution on a CPU, that is, an hyper-thread if SMT is active; a core otherwise. There's a limit of 32-bit processors on older 32-bit versions of Windows, which later was raised to 64-processors with 64-bit versions of Windows. This limit comes from the affinity mask, which historically is represented by the sizeof(void*). Consequently, the concept of "processor groups" was introduced for dealing with systems with more than 64 hyper-threads.
By default, the Windows OS assigns only one "processor group" to each starting application, in a round-robin manner. If the application wants to use more processors, it needs to programmatically enable it, by assigning threads to other "processor groups". This also means that affinity cannot cross "processor group" boundaries; one can only specify a "preferred" group on start-up, but the application is free to allocate more groups if it wants to.
This creates a peculiar situation, where newer CPUs like the AMD EPYC 7702P (64-cores, 128-hyperthreads) are projected by the OS as two (2) "processor groups". This means that by default, an application can only use half of the cores. This situation could only get worse in the years to come, as dies with more cores will appear on the market.
== The problem ==
The heavyweight_hardware_concurrency() API was introduced so that only *one hardware thread per core* was used. Once that API returns, that original intention is lost, only the number of threads is retained. Consider a situation, on Windows, where the system has 2 CPU sockets, 18 cores each, each core having 2 hyper-threads, for a total of 72 hyper-threads. Both heavyweight_hardware_concurrency() and hardware_concurrency() currently return 36, because on Windows they are simply wrappers over std:🧵:hardware_concurrency() -- which can only return processors from the current "processor group".
== The changes in this patch ==
To solve this situation, we capture (and retain) the initial intention until the point of usage, through a new ThreadPoolStrategy class. The number of threads to use is deferred as late as possible, until the moment where the std::threads are created (ThreadPool in the case of ThinLTO).
When using hardware_concurrency(), setting ThreadCount to 0 now means to use all the possible hardware CPU (SMT) threads. Providing a ThreadCount above to the maximum number of threads will have no effect, the maximum will be used instead.
The heavyweight_hardware_concurrency() is similar to hardware_concurrency(), except that only one thread per hardware *core* will be used.
When LLVM_ENABLE_THREADS is OFF, the threading APIs will always return 1, to ensure any caller loops will be exercised at least once.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D71775
Avoids the need to include TargetMachine.h from various places just for
an enum. Various other enums live here, such as the optimization level,
TLS model, etc. Data suggests that this change probably doesn't matter,
but it seems nice to have anyway.
to reflect the new license.
We understand that people may be surprised that we're moving the header
entirely to discuss the new license. We checked this carefully with the
Foundation's lawyer and we believe this is the correct approach.
Essentially, all code in the project is now made available by the LLVM
project under our new license, so you will see that the license headers
include that license only. Some of our contributors have contributed
code under our old license, and accordingly, we have retained a copy of
our old license notice in the top-level files in each project and
repository.
llvm-svn: 351636
Summary:
Split ReaderWriter.h which contains the APIs into both the BitReader and
BitWriter libraries into BitcodeReader.h and BitcodeWriter.h.
This is to address Chandler's concern about sharing the same API header
between multiple libraries (BitReader and BitWriter). That concern is
why we create a single bitcode library in our downstream build of clang,
which led to r286297 being reverted as it added a dependency that
created a cycle only when there is a single bitcode library (not two as
in upstream).
Reviewers: mehdi_amini
Subscribers: dlj, mehdi_amini, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D26502
llvm-svn: 286566
This is a recommit of r266390 with a fix that will allow tests to pass
(hopefully). Before we got a StringRef to M->getTargetTriple() and right
after we moved the Module so we were referencing a dangling object.
llvm-svn: 266456
This will be used in lld to avoid creating TargetMachine in two
different places. See D18999 for a more detailed discussion.
Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D19139
llvm-svn: 266390
Summary:
Currently llvm::SplitModule as the first step globalizes all local objects, which might not be desirable in some scenarios.
This change adds a new flag to llvm::SplitModule that uses SCC approach to search for a balanced partition without the need to externalize symbols.
Such partition might not be possible or fully balanced for a given number of partitions, and is a function of the module properties (global/local dependencies within the module).
Joint development Tobias Edler von Koch (tobias@codeaurora.org) and Sergei Larin (slarin@codeaurora.org)
Subscribers: llvm-commits, joker.eph
Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D16124
llvm-svn: 258083
This adds a new API, LTOCodeGenerator::setFileType, to choose the output file
format for LTO CodeGen. A corresponding change to use this new API from
llvm-lto and a test case is coming in a separate commit.
Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D14554
llvm-svn: 253622
Specifically, the header now provides llvm::thread, which is either a
typedef of std::thread or a replacement that calls the function synchronously
depending on the value of LLVM_ENABLE_THREADS.
llvm-svn: 246402
llvm::splitCodeGen is a function that implements the core of parallel LTO
code generation. It uses llvm::SplitModule to split the module into linkable
partitions and spawning one code generation thread per partition. The function
produces multiple object files which can be linked in the usual way.
This has been threaded through to LTOCodeGenerator (and llvm-lto for testing
purposes). Separate patches will add parallel LTO support to the gold plugin
and lld.
Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D12260
llvm-svn: 246236
Alexandre Ganea