diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/AggressiveInstCombine/masked-cmp.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/AggressiveInstCombine/masked-cmp.ll
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..fc3ab6340e1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llvm/test/Transforms/AggressiveInstCombine/masked-cmp.ll
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+; NOTE: Assertions have been autogenerated by utils/update_test_checks.py
+; RUN: opt < %s -aggressive-instcombine -S | FileCheck %s
+
+; PR37098 - https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=37098
+
+define i32 @two_bit_mask(i32 %x) {
+; CHECK-LABEL: @two_bit_mask(
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[S:%.*]] = lshr i32 [[X:%.*]], 3
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[O:%.*]] = or i32 [[S]], [[X]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[R:%.*]] = and i32 [[O]], 1
+; CHECK-NEXT:    ret i32 [[R]]
+;
+  %s = lshr i32 %x, 3
+  %o = or i32 %s, %x
+  %r = and i32 %o, 1
+  ret i32 %r
+}
+
+define i32 @four_bit_mask(i32 %x) {
+; CHECK-LABEL: @four_bit_mask(
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[T1:%.*]] = lshr i32 [[X:%.*]], 3
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[T2:%.*]] = lshr i32 [[X]], 5
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[T3:%.*]] = lshr i32 [[X]], 8
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[O1:%.*]] = or i32 [[T1]], [[X]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[O2:%.*]] = or i32 [[T2]], [[T3]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[O3:%.*]] = or i32 [[O1]], [[O2]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[R:%.*]] = and i32 [[O3]], 1
+; CHECK-NEXT:    ret i32 [[R]]
+;
+  %t1 = lshr i32 %x, 3
+  %t2 = lshr i32 %x, 5
+  %t3 = lshr i32 %x, 8
+  %o1 = or i32 %t1, %x
+  %o2 = or i32 %t2, %t3
+  %o3 = or i32 %o1, %o2
+  %r = and i32 %o3, 1
+  ret i32 %r
+}
+