edits for chapter 7

llvm-svn: 43810
This commit is contained in:
Chris Lattner 2007-11-07 06:06:38 +00:00
parent 4d7b367652
commit d80488f0df
1 changed files with 14 additions and 15 deletions

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@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ One of the great things about creating your own language is that you get to
decide what is good or bad. In this tutorial we'll assume that it is okay and
use this as a way to show some interesting parsing techniques.</p>
<p>At the end of this tutorial, we'll <a href="#example">run through a nice
little example</a> that shows an example application that you can build with
Kaleidoscope and the feature set it now has.</p>
<p>At the end of this tutorial, we'll run through an example Kaleidoscope
application that <a href="#example">renders the Mandelbrot set</a>. This gives
an example of what you can build with Kaleidoscope and its feature set.</p>
</div>
@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ The "operator overloading" that we will add to Kaleidoscope is more general than
languages like C++. In C++, you are only allowed to redefine existing
operators: you can't programatically change the grammar, introduce new
operators, change precedence levels, etc. In this chapter, we will add this
capability to Kaleidoscope, which will allow us to round out the set of
operators that are supported, culminating in a more interesting example app.</p>
capability to Kaleidoscope, which will let the user round out the set of
operators that are supported.</p>
<p>The point of going into user-defined operators in a tutorial like this is to
show the power and flexibility of using a hand-written parser. The parser we
@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ a lot of similar code in the past. One interesting piece of this is the part
that sets up <tt>FnName</tt> for binary operators. This builds names like
"binary@" for a newly defined "@" operator. This takes advantage of the fact
that symbol names in the LLVM symbol table are allowed to have any character in
them, inluding embedded nul characters.</p>
them, even including embedded nul characters.</p>
<p>The next interesting piece is codegen support for these binary operators.
Given our current structure, this is a simple addition of a default case for our
@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ precedence parser, this is all we need to do to "extend the grammar".</p>
<p>With that, we have useful user-defined binary operators. This builds a lot
on the previous framework we built for other operators. Adding unary operators
is a bit more challenging, because we don't have any framework for it yet, lets
is a bit more challenging, because we don't have any framework for it yet - lets
see what it takes.</p>
</div>
@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ see what it takes.</p>
<div class="doc_text">
<p>Since we don't currently support unary operators in the Kaleidoscope
langugage, we'll need to add everything for them. Above, we added simple
language, we'll need to add everything for them. Above, we added simple
support for the 'unary' keyword to the lexer. In addition to that, we need an
AST node:</p>
@ -530,8 +530,7 @@ def unary!(v)
def unary-(v)
0-v;
# Define &gt; with the same precedence as &gt;. We could also easily define
# &lt;= etc.
# Define &gt; with the same precedence as &gt;.
def binary&gt; 10 (LHS RHS)
!(LHS &lt; RHS);
@ -615,13 +614,13 @@ href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelbrot_set">Mandelbrot Set</a>. Our
<tt>mandelconverge</tt> function returns the number of iterations that it takes
for a complex orbit to escape, saturating to 255. This is not a very useful
function by itself, but if you plot its value over a two-dimensional plane,
you can see the mandelbrot set. Given that we are limited to using putchard
you can see the Mandelbrot set. Given that we are limited to using putchard
here, our amazing graphical output is limited, but we can whip together
something using the density plotter above:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
# compute and plot the mandlebrot set with the specified 2 dimentional range
# compute and plot the mandlebrot set with the specified 2 dimensional range
# info.
def mandelhelp(xmin xmax xstep ymin ymax ystep)
for y = ymin, y &lt; ymax, ystep in (
@ -631,7 +630,7 @@ def mandelhelp(xmin xmax xstep ymin ymax ystep)
)
# mandel - This is a convenient helper function for ploting the mandelbrot set
# from the specified position with the specified magnification.
# from the specified position with the specified Magnification.
def mandel(realstart imagstart realmag imagmag)
mandelhelp(realstart, realstart+realmag*78, realmag,
imagstart, imagstart+imagmag*40, imagmag);
@ -782,12 +781,12 @@ plot things that are!</p>
<p>With this, we conclude the "adding user-defined operators" chapter of the
tutorial. We successfully extended our language with the ability to extend the
language in the library, and showed how this can be used to build a simple but
interesting end user application in Kaleidoscope. At this point, Kaleidoscope
interesting end-user application in Kaleidoscope. At this point, Kaleidoscope
can build a variety of applications that are functional and can call functions
with side-effects, but it can't actually define and mutate a variable itself.
</p>
<p>Strikingly, lack of this feature is an important limitation for some
<p>Strikingly, variable mutation is an important feature of some
languages, and it is not at all obvious how to <a href="LangImpl7.html">add
support for mutable variables</a> without having to add an "SSA construction"
phase to your front-end. In the next chapter, we will describe how you can