[RISCV] Add "lla" pseudo-instruction to assembler

This pseudo-instruction is similar to la but uses PC-relative addressing
unconditionally. This is, la is only different to lla when using -fPIC. This
pseudo-instruction seems often forgotten in several specs but it is definitely
mentioned in binutils opcodes/riscv-opc.c. The semantics are defined both in
page 37 of the "RISC-V Reader" book but also in function macro found in
gas/config/tc-riscv.c.

This is a very first step towards adding PIC support for Linux in the RISC-V
backend.

The lla pseudo-instruction expands to a sequence of auipc + addi with a couple
of pc-rel relocations where the second points to the first one. This is
described in
https://github.com/riscv/riscv-elf-psabi-doc/blob/master/riscv-elf.md#pc-relative-symbol-addresses

For now, this patch only introduces support of that pseudo instruction at the
assembler parser.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D49661

llvm-svn: 339314

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/AsmParser/RISCVAsmParser.cpp

@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ class RISCVAsmParser : public MCTargetAsmParser {
   // synthesize the desired immedate value into the destination register.
   void emitLoadImm(unsigned DestReg, int64_t Value, MCStreamer &Out);
 
+  // Helper to emit pseudo instruction "lla" used in PC-rel addressing.
+  void emitLoadLocalAddress(MCInst &Inst, SMLoc IDLoc, MCStreamer &Out);
+
   /// Helper for processing MC instructions that have been successfully matched
   /// by MatchAndEmitInstruction. Modifications to the emitted instructions,
   /// like the expansion of pseudo instructions (e.g., "li"), can be performed
@@ -964,6 +967,26 @@ bool RISCVAsmParser::parseOperand(OperandVector &Operands,
   return true;
 }
 
+/// Return true if the operand at the OperandIdx for opcode Name should be
+/// 'forced' to be parsed as an immediate. This is required for
+/// pseudoinstructions such as tail or call, which allow bare symbols to be used
+/// that could clash with register names.
+static bool shouldForceImediateOperand(StringRef Name, unsigned OperandIdx) {
+  // FIXME: This may not scale so perhaps we want to use a data-driven approach
+  // instead.
+  switch (OperandIdx) {
+  case 0:
+    // call imm
+    // tail imm
+    return Name == "tail" || Name == "call";
+  case 1:
+    // lla rdest, imm
+    return Name == "lla";
+  default:
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
 bool RISCVAsmParser::ParseInstruction(ParseInstructionInfo &Info,
                                       StringRef Name, SMLoc NameLoc,
                                       OperandVector &Operands) {
@@ -975,18 +998,20 @@ bool RISCVAsmParser::ParseInstruction(ParseInstructionInfo &Info,
     return false;
 
   // Parse first operand
-  bool ForceImmediate = (Name == "call" || Name == "tail");
-  if (parseOperand(Operands, ForceImmediate))
+  if (parseOperand(Operands, shouldForceImediateOperand(Name, 0)))
     return true;
 
   // Parse until end of statement, consuming commas between operands
+  unsigned OperandIdx = 1;
   while (getLexer().is(AsmToken::Comma)) {
     // Consume comma token
     getLexer().Lex();
 
     // Parse next operand
-    if (parseOperand(Operands, false))
+    if (parseOperand(Operands, shouldForceImediateOperand(Name, OperandIdx)))
       return true;
+
+    ++OperandIdx;
   }
 
   if (getLexer().isNot(AsmToken::EndOfStatement)) {
@@ -1184,6 +1209,39 @@ void RISCVAsmParser::emitLoadImm(unsigned DestReg, int64_t Value,
                             .addImm(Lo12));
 }
 
+void RISCVAsmParser::emitLoadLocalAddress(MCInst &Inst, SMLoc IDLoc,
+                                          MCStreamer &Out) {
+  // The local load address pseudo-instruction "lla" is used in PC-relative
+  // addressing of symbols:
+  //   lla rdest, symbol
+  // expands to
+  //   TmpLabel: AUIPC rdest, %pcrel_hi(symbol)
+  //             ADDI rdest, %pcrel_lo(TmpLabel)
+  MCContext &Ctx = getContext();
+
+  MCSymbol *TmpLabel = Ctx.createTempSymbol(
+      "pcrel_hi", /* AlwaysAddSuffix */ true, /* CanBeUnnamed */ false);
+  Out.EmitLabel(TmpLabel);
+
+  MCOperand DestReg = Inst.getOperand(0);
+  const RISCVMCExpr *Symbol = RISCVMCExpr::create(
+      Inst.getOperand(1).getExpr(), RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_HI, Ctx);
+
+  MCInst &AUIPC =
+      MCInstBuilder(RISCV::AUIPC).addOperand(DestReg).addExpr(Symbol);
+  emitToStreamer(Out, AUIPC);
+
+  const MCExpr *RefToLinkTmpLabel =
+      RISCVMCExpr::create(MCSymbolRefExpr::create(TmpLabel, Ctx),
+                          RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_LO, Ctx);
+
+  MCInst &ADDI = MCInstBuilder(RISCV::ADDI)
+                     .addOperand(DestReg)
+                     .addOperand(DestReg)
+                     .addExpr(RefToLinkTmpLabel);
+  emitToStreamer(Out, ADDI);
+}
+
 bool RISCVAsmParser::processInstruction(MCInst &Inst, SMLoc IDLoc,
                                         MCStreamer &Out) {
   Inst.setLoc(IDLoc);
@@ -1198,6 +1256,9 @@ bool RISCVAsmParser::processInstruction(MCInst &Inst, SMLoc IDLoc,
       Imm = SignExtend64<32>(Imm);
     emitLoadImm(Reg, Imm, Out);
     return false;
+  } else if (Inst.getOpcode() == RISCV::PseudoLLA) {
+    emitLoadLocalAddress(Inst, IDLoc, Out);
+    return false;
   }
 
   emitToStreamer(Out, Inst);

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/RISCVInstrInfo.td

@@ -759,6 +759,11 @@ def : Pat<(Tail (iPTR tglobaladdr:$dst)),
 def : Pat<(Tail (iPTR texternalsym:$dst)),
           (PseudoTAIL texternalsym:$dst)>;
 
+let hasSideEffects = 0, mayLoad = 0, mayStore = 0, isCodeGenOnly = 0,
+    isAsmParserOnly = 1 in
+def PseudoLLA : Pseudo<(outs GPR:$dst), (ins bare_symbol:$src), [],
+                       "lla", "$dst, $src">;
+
 /// Loads
 
 multiclass LdPat<PatFrag LoadOp, RVInst Inst> {

llvm/test/MC/RISCV/lla-invalid.s

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# RUN: not llvm-mc -triple=riscv32 < %s 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+# RUN: not llvm-mc -triple=riscv64 < %s 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+# Non bare symbols must be rejected
+lla a2, %lo(a_symbol) # CHECK: :[[@LINE]]:9: error: operand must be a bare symbol name
+lla a2, %hi(a_symbol) # CHECK: :[[@LINE]]:9: error: operand must be a bare symbol name

llvm/test/MC/RISCV/rvi-pseudos.s

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# RUN: llvm-mc %s -triple=riscv32 | FileCheck %s
+# RUN: llvm-mc %s -triple=riscv64 | FileCheck %s
+
+# CHECK: .Lpcrel_hi0:
+# CHECK: auipc a0, %pcrel_hi(a_symbol)
+# CHECK: addi  a0, a0, %pcrel_lo(.Lpcrel_hi0)
+lla a0, a_symbol
+
+# CHECK: .Lpcrel_hi1:
+# CHECK: auipc a1, %pcrel_hi(another_symbol)
+# CHECK: addi  a1, a1, %pcrel_lo(.Lpcrel_hi1)
+lla a1, another_symbol
+
+# Check that we can load the address of symbols that are spelled like a register
+# CHECK: .Lpcrel_hi2:
+# CHECK: auipc a2, %pcrel_hi(zero)
+# CHECK: addi  a2, a2, %pcrel_lo(.Lpcrel_hi2)
+lla a2, zero
+
+# CHECK: .Lpcrel_hi3:
+# CHECK: auipc a3, %pcrel_hi(ra)
+# CHECK: addi  a3, a3, %pcrel_lo(.Lpcrel_hi3)
+lla a3, ra
+
+# CHECK: .Lpcrel_hi4:
+# CHECK: auipc a4, %pcrel_hi(f1)
+# CHECK: addi  a4, a4, %pcrel_lo(.Lpcrel_hi4)
+lla a4, f1