[libFuzzer] Implement stat::stability_rate based on the percentage of unstable edges.

Summary:
Created a -print_unstable_stats flag.
When -print_unstable_stats=1, we run it 2 more times on interesting inputs poisoning unstable edges in an array.
On program termination, we run PrintUnstableStats() which will print a line with a stability percentage like AFL does.

Patch by Kyungtak Woo (@kevinwkt).

Reviewers: metzman, Dor1s, kcc, morehouse

Reviewed By: metzman, Dor1s, morehouse

Subscribers: delcypher, llvm-commits, #sanitizers, kcc, morehouse, Dor1s

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D49212

llvm-svn: 337187

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerDriver.cpp

@@ -617,6 +617,7 @@ int FuzzerDriver(int *argc, char ***argv, UserCallback Callback) {
   Options.PrintFinalStats = Flags.print_final_stats;
   Options.PrintCorpusStats = Flags.print_corpus_stats;
   Options.PrintCoverage = Flags.print_coverage;
+  Options.PrintUnstableStats = Flags.print_unstable_stats;
   Options.DumpCoverage = Flags.dump_coverage;
   if (Flags.exit_on_src_pos)
     Options.ExitOnSrcPos = Flags.exit_on_src_pos;

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerFlags.def

@@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ FUZZER_FLAG_INT(print_coverage, 0, "If 1, print coverage information as text"
 FUZZER_FLAG_INT(dump_coverage, 0, "Deprecated."
                                   " If 1, dump coverage information as a"
                                   " .sancov file at exit.")
+FUZZER_FLAG_INT(print_unstable_stats, 0, "Experimental."
+				  " If 1, print unstable statistics at exit.")
 FUZZER_FLAG_INT(handle_segv, 1, "If 1, try to intercept SIGSEGV.")
 FUZZER_FLAG_INT(handle_bus, 1, "If 1, try to intercept SIGBUS.")
 FUZZER_FLAG_INT(handle_abrt, 1, "If 1, try to intercept SIGABRT.")

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerInternal.h

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ public:
   static void StaticGracefulExitCallback();
 
   void ExecuteCallback(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size);
+  void CheckForUnstableCounters(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size);
   bool RunOne(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size, bool MayDeleteFile = false,
               InputInfo *II = nullptr, bool *FoundUniqFeatures = nullptr);
 

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerLoop.cpp

@@ -352,6 +352,8 @@ void Fuzzer::PrintStats(const char *Where, const char *End, size_t Units) {
 void Fuzzer::PrintFinalStats() {
   if (Options.PrintCoverage)
     TPC.PrintCoverage();
+  if (Options.PrintUnstableStats)
+    TPC.PrintUnstableStats();
   if (Options.DumpCoverage)
     TPC.DumpCoverage();
   if (Options.PrintCorpusStats)
@@ -444,6 +446,29 @@ void Fuzzer::PrintPulseAndReportSlowInput(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size) {
   }
 }
 
+void Fuzzer::CheckForUnstableCounters(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size) {
+  auto CBSetupAndRun = [&]() {
+    ScopedEnableMsanInterceptorChecks S;
+    UnitStartTime = system_clock::now();
+    TPC.ResetMaps();
+    RunningCB = true;
+    CB(Data, Size);
+    RunningCB = false;
+    UnitStopTime = system_clock::now();
+  };
+
+  // Copy original run counters into our unstable counters
+  TPC.InitializeUnstableCounters();
+
+  // First Rerun
+  CBSetupAndRun();
+  TPC.UpdateUnstableCounters();
+
+  // Second Rerun
+  CBSetupAndRun();
+  TPC.UpdateUnstableCounters();
+}
+
 bool Fuzzer::RunOne(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size, bool MayDeleteFile,
                     InputInfo *II, bool *FoundUniqFeatures) {
   if (!Size)
@@ -466,6 +491,12 @@ bool Fuzzer::RunOne(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size, bool MayDeleteFile,
     *FoundUniqFeatures = FoundUniqFeaturesOfII;
   PrintPulseAndReportSlowInput(Data, Size);
   size_t NumNewFeatures = Corpus.NumFeatureUpdates() - NumUpdatesBefore;
+
+  // If print_unstable_stats, execute the same input two more times to detect
+  // unstable edges.
+  if (NumNewFeatures && Options.PrintUnstableStats)
+    CheckForUnstableCounters(Data, Size);
+
   if (NumNewFeatures) {
     TPC.UpdateObservedPCs();
     Corpus.AddToCorpus({Data, Data + Size}, NumNewFeatures, MayDeleteFile,

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerOptions.h

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ struct FuzzingOptions {
   bool PrintFinalStats = false;
   bool PrintCorpusStats = false;
   bool PrintCoverage = false;
+  bool PrintUnstableStats = false;
   bool DumpCoverage = false;
   bool DetectLeaks = true;
   int PurgeAllocatorIntervalSec = 1;

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerTracePC.cpp

@@ -59,6 +59,37 @@ size_t TracePC::GetTotalPCCoverage() {
   return Res;
 }
 
+// Initializes unstable counters by copying Inline8bitCounters to unstable
+// counters.
+void TracePC::InitializeUnstableCounters() {
+  if (NumInline8bitCounters && NumInline8bitCounters == NumPCsInPCTables) {
+    size_t UnstableIdx = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < NumModulesWithInline8bitCounters; i++) {
+      uint8_t *Beg = ModuleCounters[i].Start;
+      size_t Size = ModuleCounters[i].Stop - Beg;
+      assert(Size == (size_t)(ModulePCTable[i].Stop - ModulePCTable[i].Start));
+      for (size_t j = 0; j < Size; j++, UnstableIdx++)
+        if (UnstableCounters[UnstableIdx] != kUnstableCounter)
+          UnstableCounters[UnstableIdx] = Beg[j];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Compares the current counters with counters from previous runs
+// and records differences as unstable edges.
+void TracePC::UpdateUnstableCounters() {
+  if (NumInline8bitCounters && NumInline8bitCounters == NumPCsInPCTables) {
+    size_t UnstableIdx = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < NumModulesWithInline8bitCounters; i++) {
+      uint8_t *Beg = ModuleCounters[i].Start;
+      size_t Size = ModuleCounters[i].Stop - Beg;
+      assert(Size == (size_t)(ModulePCTable[i].Stop - ModulePCTable[i].Start));
+      for (size_t j = 0; j < Size; j++, UnstableIdx++)
+        if (Beg[j] != UnstableCounters[UnstableIdx])
+          UnstableCounters[UnstableIdx] = kUnstableCounter;
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 void TracePC::HandleInline8bitCountersInit(uint8_t *Start, uint8_t *Stop) {
   if (Start == Stop) return;
@@ -310,6 +341,15 @@ void TracePC::DumpCoverage() {
   }
 }
 
+void TracePC::PrintUnstableStats() {
+  size_t count = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < NumInline8bitCounters; i++)
+    if (UnstableCounters[i] == kUnstableCounter)
+      count++;
+  Printf("stat::stability_rate: %.2f\n",
+         100 - static_cast<float>(count * 100) / NumInline8bitCounters);
+}
+
 // Value profile.
 // We keep track of various values that affect control flow.
 // These values are inserted into a bit-set-based hash map.

compiler-rt/lib/fuzzer/FuzzerTracePC.h

@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ class TracePC {
 
   void PrintCoverage();
   void DumpCoverage();
+  void PrintUnstableStats();
 
   template<class CallBack>
   void IterateCoveredFunctions(CallBack CB);
@@ -135,7 +136,17 @@ class TracePC {
   void SetFocusFunction(const std::string &FuncName);
   bool ObservedFocusFunction();
 
+  void InitializeUnstableCounters();
+  void UpdateUnstableCounters();
+
 private:
+  // Value used to represent unstable edge.
+  static constexpr int16_t kUnstableCounter = -1;
+
+  // Uses 16-bit signed type to be able to accommodate any possible value from
+  // uint8_t counter and -1 constant as well.
+  int16_t UnstableCounters[kNumPCs];
+
   bool UseCounters = false;
   uint32_t UseValueProfileMask = false;
   bool DoPrintNewPCs = false;

compiler-rt/test/fuzzer/PrintUnstableStatsTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+int x = 0;
+bool skip0 = false;
+bool skip1 = false;
+bool skip2 = false;
+
+__attribute__((noinline)) void det0() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void det1() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void det2() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void det3() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void det4() { x++; }
+
+__attribute__((noinline)) void ini0() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void ini1() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void ini2() { x++; }
+
+__attribute__((noinline)) void t0() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void t1() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void t2() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void t3() { x++; }
+__attribute__((noinline)) void t4() { x++; }
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size) {
+  if (Size == 1 && Data[0] == 'A' && !skip0) {
+    skip0 = true;
+    ini0();
+  }
+  if (Size == 1 && Data[0] == 'B' && !skip1) {
+    skip1 = true;
+    ini1();
+  }
+  if (Size == 1 && Data[0] == 'C' && !skip2) {
+    skip2 = true;
+    ini2();
+  }
+
+  det0();
+  det1();
+  int a = rand();
+  det2();
+
+  switch (a % 5) {
+  case 0:
+    t0();
+    break;
+  case 1:
+    t1();
+    break;
+  case 2:
+    t2();
+    break;
+  case 3:
+    t3();
+    break;
+  case 4:
+    t4();
+    break;
+  default:
+    assert(false);
+  }
+
+  det3();
+  det4();
+  return 0;
+}

compiler-rt/test/fuzzer/print_unstable_stats.test

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+RUN: %cpp_compiler %S/PrintUnstableStatsTest.cpp -o %t-PrintUnstableStatsTest
+RUN: %run %t-PrintUnstableStatsTest -print_unstable_stats=1 -runs=100000 2>&1 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=LONG
+LONG: stat::stability_rate: 27.59