llvm-project/lld/COFF/DriverUtils.cpp

//===- DriverUtils.cpp ----------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file contains utility functions for the driver. Because there
// are so many small functions, we created this separate file to make
// Driver.cpp less cluttered.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "Config.h"
#include "Driver.h"
#include "Symbols.h"
#include "lld/Common/ErrorHandler.h"
#include "lld/Common/Memory.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
#include "llvm/BinaryFormat/COFF.h"
#include "llvm/Object/COFF.h"
#include "llvm/Object/WindowsResource.h"
#include "llvm/Option/Arg.h"
#include "llvm/Option/ArgList.h"
#include "llvm/Option/Option.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/FileUtilities.h"
#include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Process.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/WindowsManifest/WindowsManifestMerger.h"
#include <memory>

using namespace llvm::COFF;
using namespace llvm;
using llvm::sys::Process;

namespace lld {
namespace coff {
namespace {

const uint16_t SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US = 0x0409;
const uint16_t RT_MANIFEST = 24;

class Executor {
public:
  explicit Executor(StringRef S) : Prog(Saver.save(S)) {}
  void add(StringRef S) { Args.push_back(Saver.save(S)); }
  void add(std::string &S) { Args.push_back(Saver.save(S)); }
  void add(Twine S) { Args.push_back(Saver.save(S)); }
  void add(const char *S) { Args.push_back(Saver.save(S)); }

  void run() {
    ErrorOr<std::string> ExeOrErr = sys::findProgramByName(Prog);
    if (auto EC = ExeOrErr.getError())
      fatal("unable to find " + Prog + " in PATH: " + EC.message());
    StringRef Exe = Saver.save(*ExeOrErr);
    Args.insert(Args.begin(), Exe);

    if (sys::ExecuteAndWait(Args[0], Args) != 0)
      fatal("ExecuteAndWait failed: " +
            llvm::join(Args.begin(), Args.end(), " "));
  }

private:
  StringRef Prog;
  std::vector<StringRef> Args;
};

} // anonymous namespace

// Returns /machine's value.
MachineTypes getMachineType(StringRef S) {
  MachineTypes MT = StringSwitch<MachineTypes>(S.lower())
                        .Cases("x64", "amd64", AMD64)
                        .Cases("x86", "i386", I386)
                        .Case("arm", ARMNT)
                        .Case("arm64", ARM64)
                        .Default(IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN);
  if (MT != IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN)
    return MT;
  fatal("unknown /machine argument: " + S);
}

StringRef machineToStr(MachineTypes MT) {
  switch (MT) {
  case ARMNT:
    return "arm";
  case ARM64:
    return "arm64";
  case AMD64:
    return "x64";
  case I386:
    return "x86";
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("unknown machine type");
  }
}

// Parses a string in the form of "<integer>[,<integer>]".
void parseNumbers(StringRef Arg, uint64_t *Addr, uint64_t *Size) {
  StringRef S1, S2;
  std::tie(S1, S2) = Arg.split(',');
  if (S1.getAsInteger(0, *Addr))
    fatal("invalid number: " + S1);
  if (Size && !S2.empty() && S2.getAsInteger(0, *Size))
    fatal("invalid number: " + S2);
}

// Parses a string in the form of "<integer>[.<integer>]".
// If second number is not present, Minor is set to 0.
void parseVersion(StringRef Arg, uint32_t *Major, uint32_t *Minor) {
  StringRef S1, S2;
  std::tie(S1, S2) = Arg.split('.');
  if (S1.getAsInteger(0, *Major))
    fatal("invalid number: " + S1);
  *Minor = 0;
  if (!S2.empty() && S2.getAsInteger(0, *Minor))
    fatal("invalid number: " + S2);
}

void parseGuard(StringRef FullArg) {
  SmallVector<StringRef, 1> SplitArgs;
  FullArg.split(SplitArgs, ",");
  for (StringRef Arg : SplitArgs) {
    if (Arg.equals_lower("no"))
      Config->GuardCF = GuardCFLevel::Off;
    else if (Arg.equals_lower("nolongjmp"))
      Config->GuardCF = GuardCFLevel::NoLongJmp;
    else if (Arg.equals_lower("cf") || Arg.equals_lower("longjmp"))
      Config->GuardCF = GuardCFLevel::Full;
    else
      fatal("invalid argument to /guard: " + Arg);
  }
}

// Parses a string in the form of "<subsystem>[,<integer>[.<integer>]]".
void parseSubsystem(StringRef Arg, WindowsSubsystem *Sys, uint32_t *Major,
                    uint32_t *Minor) {
  StringRef SysStr, Ver;
  std::tie(SysStr, Ver) = Arg.split(',');
  *Sys = StringSwitch<WindowsSubsystem>(SysStr.lower())
    .Case("boot_application", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION)
    .Case("console", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CUI)
    .Case("efi_application", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION)
    .Case("efi_boot_service_driver", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER)
    .Case("efi_rom", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_ROM)
    .Case("efi_runtime_driver", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER)
    .Case("native", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE)
    .Case("posix", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_POSIX_CUI)
    .Case("windows", IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_GUI)
    .Default(IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN);
  if (*Sys == IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN)
    fatal("unknown subsystem: " + SysStr);
  if (!Ver.empty())
    parseVersion(Ver, Major, Minor);
}

// Parse a string of the form of "<from>=<to>".
// Results are directly written to Config.
void parseAlternateName(StringRef S) {
  StringRef From, To;
  std::tie(From, To) = S.split('=');
  if (From.empty() || To.empty())
    fatal("/alternatename: invalid argument: " + S);
  auto It = Config->AlternateNames.find(From);
  if (It != Config->AlternateNames.end() && It->second != To)
    fatal("/alternatename: conflicts: " + S);
  Config->AlternateNames.insert(It, std::make_pair(From, To));
}

// Parse a string of the form of "<from>=<to>".
// Results are directly written to Config.
void parseMerge(StringRef S) {
  StringRef From, To;
  std::tie(From, To) = S.split('=');
  if (From.empty() || To.empty())
    fatal("/merge: invalid argument: " + S);
  if (From == ".rsrc" || To == ".rsrc")
    fatal("/merge: cannot merge '.rsrc' with any section");
  if (From == ".reloc" || To == ".reloc")
    fatal("/merge: cannot merge '.reloc' with any section");
  auto Pair = Config->Merge.insert(std::make_pair(From, To));
  bool Inserted = Pair.second;
  if (!Inserted) {
    StringRef Existing = Pair.first->second;
    if (Existing != To)
      warn(S + ": already merged into " + Existing);
  }
}

static uint32_t parseSectionAttributes(StringRef S) {
  uint32_t Ret = 0;
  for (char C : S.lower()) {
    switch (C) {
    case 'd':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE;
      break;
    case 'e':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE;
      break;
    case 'k':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_NOT_CACHED;
      break;
    case 'p':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_NOT_PAGED;
      break;
    case 'r':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ;
      break;
    case 's':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_SHARED;
      break;
    case 'w':
      Ret |= IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE;
      break;
    default:
      fatal("/section: invalid argument: " + S);
    }
  }
  return Ret;
}

// Parses /section option argument.
void parseSection(StringRef S) {
  StringRef Name, Attrs;
  std::tie(Name, Attrs) = S.split(',');
  if (Name.empty() || Attrs.empty())
    fatal("/section: invalid argument: " + S);
  Config->Section[Name] = parseSectionAttributes(Attrs);
}

// Parses /aligncomm option argument.
void parseAligncomm(StringRef S) {
  StringRef Name, Align;
  std::tie(Name, Align) = S.split(',');
  if (Name.empty() || Align.empty()) {
    error("/aligncomm: invalid argument: " + S);
    return;
  }
  int V;
  if (Align.getAsInteger(0, V)) {
    error("/aligncomm: invalid argument: " + S);
    return;
  }
  Config->AlignComm[Name] = std::max(Config->AlignComm[Name], 1 << V);
}

// Parses /functionpadmin option argument.
void parseFunctionPadMin(llvm::opt::Arg *A, llvm::COFF::MachineTypes Machine) {
  StringRef Arg = A->getNumValues() ? A->getValue() : "";
  if (!Arg.empty()) {
    // Optional padding in bytes is given.
    if (Arg.getAsInteger(0, Config->FunctionPadMin))
      error("/functionpadmin: invalid argument: " + Arg);
    return;
  }
  // No optional argument given.
  // Set default padding based on machine, similar to link.exe.
  // There is no default padding for ARM platforms.
  if (Machine == I386) {
    Config->FunctionPadMin = 5;
  } else if (Machine == AMD64) {
    Config->FunctionPadMin = 6;
  } else {
    error("/functionpadmin: invalid argument for this machine: " + Arg);
  }
}

// Parses a string in the form of "EMBED[,=<integer>]|NO".
// Results are directly written to Config.
void parseManifest(StringRef Arg) {
  if (Arg.equals_lower("no")) {
    Config->Manifest = Configuration::No;
    return;
  }
  if (!Arg.startswith_lower("embed"))
    fatal("invalid option " + Arg);
  Config->Manifest = Configuration::Embed;
  Arg = Arg.substr(strlen("embed"));
  if (Arg.empty())
    return;
  if (!Arg.startswith_lower(",id="))
    fatal("invalid option " + Arg);
  Arg = Arg.substr(strlen(",id="));
  if (Arg.getAsInteger(0, Config->ManifestID))
    fatal("invalid option " + Arg);
}

// Parses a string in the form of "level=<string>|uiAccess=<string>|NO".
// Results are directly written to Config.
void parseManifestUAC(StringRef Arg) {
  if (Arg.equals_lower("no")) {
    Config->ManifestUAC = false;
    return;
  }
  for (;;) {
    Arg = Arg.ltrim();
    if (Arg.empty())
      return;
    if (Arg.startswith_lower("level=")) {
      Arg = Arg.substr(strlen("level="));
      std::tie(Config->ManifestLevel, Arg) = Arg.split(" ");
      continue;
    }
    if (Arg.startswith_lower("uiaccess=")) {
      Arg = Arg.substr(strlen("uiaccess="));
      std::tie(Config->ManifestUIAccess, Arg) = Arg.split(" ");
      continue;
    }
    fatal("invalid option " + Arg);
  }
}

// Parses a string in the form of "cd|net[,(cd|net)]*"
// Results are directly written to Config.
void parseSwaprun(StringRef Arg) {
  do {
    StringRef Swaprun, NewArg;
    std::tie(Swaprun, NewArg) = Arg.split(',');
    if (Swaprun.equals_lower("cd"))
      Config->SwaprunCD = true;
    else if (Swaprun.equals_lower("net"))
      Config->SwaprunNet = true;
    else if (Swaprun.empty())
      error("/swaprun: missing argument");
    else
      error("/swaprun: invalid argument: " + Swaprun);
    // To catch trailing commas, e.g. `/spawrun:cd,`
    if (NewArg.empty() && Arg.endswith(","))
      error("/swaprun: missing argument");
    Arg = NewArg;
  } while (!Arg.empty());
}

// An RAII temporary file class that automatically removes a temporary file.
namespace {
class TemporaryFile {
public:
  TemporaryFile(StringRef Prefix, StringRef Extn, StringRef Contents = "") {
    SmallString<128> S;
    if (auto EC = sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("lld-" + Prefix, Extn, S))
      fatal("cannot create a temporary file: " + EC.message());
    Path = S.str();

    if (!Contents.empty()) {
      std::error_code EC;
      raw_fd_ostream OS(Path, EC, sys::fs::F_None);
      if (EC)
        fatal("failed to open " + Path + ": " + EC.message());
      OS << Contents;
    }
  }

  TemporaryFile(TemporaryFile &&Obj) {
    std::swap(Path, Obj.Path);
  }

  ~TemporaryFile() {
    if (Path.empty())
      return;
    if (sys::fs::remove(Path))
      fatal("failed to remove " + Path);
  }

  // Returns a memory buffer of this temporary file.
  // Note that this function does not leave the file open,
  // so it is safe to remove the file immediately after this function
  // is called (you cannot remove an opened file on Windows.)
  std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> getMemoryBuffer() {
    // IsVolatileSize=true forces MemoryBuffer to not use mmap().
    return CHECK(MemoryBuffer::getFile(Path, /*FileSize=*/-1,
                                       /*RequiresNullTerminator=*/false,
                                       /*IsVolatileSize=*/true),
                 "could not open " + Path);
  }

  std::string Path;
};
}

static std::string createDefaultXml() {
  std::string Ret;
  raw_string_ostream OS(Ret);

  // Emit the XML. Note that we do *not* verify that the XML attributes are
  // syntactically correct. This is intentional for link.exe compatibility.
  OS << "<?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n"
     << "<assembly xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1\"\n"
     << "          manifestVersion=\"1.0\">\n";
  if (Config->ManifestUAC) {
    OS << "  <trustInfo>\n"
       << "    <security>\n"
       << "      <requestedPrivileges>\n"
       << "         <requestedExecutionLevel level=" << Config->ManifestLevel
       << " uiAccess=" << Config->ManifestUIAccess << "/>\n"
       << "      </requestedPrivileges>\n"
       << "    </security>\n"
       << "  </trustInfo>\n";
  }
  if (!Config->ManifestDependency.empty()) {
    OS << "  <dependency>\n"
       << "    <dependentAssembly>\n"
       << "      <assemblyIdentity " << Config->ManifestDependency << " />\n"
       << "    </dependentAssembly>\n"
       << "  </dependency>\n";
  }
  OS << "</assembly>\n";
  return OS.str();
}

static std::string createManifestXmlWithInternalMt(StringRef DefaultXml) {
  std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> DefaultXmlCopy =
      MemoryBuffer::getMemBufferCopy(DefaultXml);

  windows_manifest::WindowsManifestMerger Merger;
  if (auto E = Merger.merge(*DefaultXmlCopy.get()))
    fatal("internal manifest tool failed on default xml: " +
          toString(std::move(E)));

  for (StringRef Filename : Config->ManifestInput) {
    std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> Manifest =
        check(MemoryBuffer::getFile(Filename));
    if (auto E = Merger.merge(*Manifest.get()))
      fatal("internal manifest tool failed on file " + Filename + ": " +
            toString(std::move(E)));
  }

  return Merger.getMergedManifest().get()->getBuffer();
}

static std::string createManifestXmlWithExternalMt(StringRef DefaultXml) {
  // Create the default manifest file as a temporary file.
  TemporaryFile Default("defaultxml", "manifest");
  std::error_code EC;
  raw_fd_ostream OS(Default.Path, EC, sys::fs::F_Text);
  if (EC)
    fatal("failed to open " + Default.Path + ": " + EC.message());
  OS << DefaultXml;
  OS.close();

  // Merge user-supplied manifests if they are given.  Since libxml2 is not
  // enabled, we must shell out to Microsoft's mt.exe tool.
  TemporaryFile User("user", "manifest");

  Executor E("mt.exe");
  E.add("/manifest");
  E.add(Default.Path);
  for (StringRef Filename : Config->ManifestInput) {
    E.add("/manifest");
    E.add(Filename);
  }
  E.add("/nologo");
  E.add("/out:" + StringRef(User.Path));
  E.run();

  return CHECK(MemoryBuffer::getFile(User.Path), "could not open " + User.Path)
      .get()
      ->getBuffer();
}

static std::string createManifestXml() {
  std::string DefaultXml = createDefaultXml();
  if (Config->ManifestInput.empty())
    return DefaultXml;

  if (windows_manifest::isAvailable())
    return createManifestXmlWithInternalMt(DefaultXml);

  return createManifestXmlWithExternalMt(DefaultXml);
}

static std::unique_ptr<WritableMemoryBuffer>
createMemoryBufferForManifestRes(size_t ManifestSize) {
  size_t ResSize = alignTo(
      object::WIN_RES_MAGIC_SIZE + object::WIN_RES_NULL_ENTRY_SIZE +
          sizeof(object::WinResHeaderPrefix) + sizeof(object::WinResIDs) +
          sizeof(object::WinResHeaderSuffix) + ManifestSize,
      object::WIN_RES_DATA_ALIGNMENT);
  return WritableMemoryBuffer::getNewMemBuffer(ResSize, Config->OutputFile +
                                                            ".manifest.res");
}

static void writeResFileHeader(char *&Buf) {
  memcpy(Buf, COFF::WinResMagic, sizeof(COFF::WinResMagic));
  Buf += sizeof(COFF::WinResMagic);
  memset(Buf, 0, object::WIN_RES_NULL_ENTRY_SIZE);
  Buf += object::WIN_RES_NULL_ENTRY_SIZE;
}

static void writeResEntryHeader(char *&Buf, size_t ManifestSize) {
  // Write the prefix.
  auto *Prefix = reinterpret_cast<object::WinResHeaderPrefix *>(Buf);
  Prefix->DataSize = ManifestSize;
  Prefix->HeaderSize = sizeof(object::WinResHeaderPrefix) +
                       sizeof(object::WinResIDs) +
                       sizeof(object::WinResHeaderSuffix);
  Buf += sizeof(object::WinResHeaderPrefix);

  // Write the Type/Name IDs.
  auto *IDs = reinterpret_cast<object::WinResIDs *>(Buf);
  IDs->setType(RT_MANIFEST);
  IDs->setName(Config->ManifestID);
  Buf += sizeof(object::WinResIDs);

  // Write the suffix.
  auto *Suffix = reinterpret_cast<object::WinResHeaderSuffix *>(Buf);
  Suffix->DataVersion = 0;
  Suffix->MemoryFlags = object::WIN_RES_PURE_MOVEABLE;
  Suffix->Language = SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US;
  Suffix->Version = 0;
  Suffix->Characteristics = 0;
  Buf += sizeof(object::WinResHeaderSuffix);
}

// Create a resource file containing a manifest XML.
std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> createManifestRes() {
  std::string Manifest = createManifestXml();

  std::unique_ptr<WritableMemoryBuffer> Res =
      createMemoryBufferForManifestRes(Manifest.size());

  char *Buf = Res->getBufferStart();
  writeResFileHeader(Buf);
  writeResEntryHeader(Buf, Manifest.size());

  // Copy the manifest data into the .res file.
  std::copy(Manifest.begin(), Manifest.end(), Buf);
  return std::move(Res);
}

void createSideBySideManifest() {
  std::string Path = Config->ManifestFile;
  if (Path == "")
    Path = Config->OutputFile + ".manifest";
  std::error_code EC;
  raw_fd_ostream Out(Path, EC, sys::fs::F_Text);
  if (EC)
    fatal("failed to create manifest: " + EC.message());
  Out << createManifestXml();
}

// Parse a string in the form of
// "<name>[=<internalname>][,@ordinal[,NONAME]][,DATA][,PRIVATE]"
// or "<name>=<dllname>.<name>".
// Used for parsing /export arguments.
Export parseExport(StringRef Arg) {
  Export E;
  StringRef Rest;
  std::tie(E.Name, Rest) = Arg.split(",");
  if (E.Name.empty())
    goto err;

  if (E.Name.contains('=')) {
    StringRef X, Y;
    std::tie(X, Y) = E.Name.split("=");

    // If "<name>=<dllname>.<name>".
    if (Y.contains(".")) {
      E.Name = X;
      E.ForwardTo = Y;
      return E;
    }

    E.ExtName = X;
    E.Name = Y;
    if (E.Name.empty())
      goto err;
  }

  // If "<name>=<internalname>[,@ordinal[,NONAME]][,DATA][,PRIVATE]"
  while (!Rest.empty()) {
    StringRef Tok;
    std::tie(Tok, Rest) = Rest.split(",");
    if (Tok.equals_lower("noname")) {
      if (E.Ordinal == 0)
        goto err;
      E.Noname = true;
      continue;
    }
    if (Tok.equals_lower("data")) {
      E.Data = true;
      continue;
    }
    if (Tok.equals_lower("constant")) {
      E.Constant = true;
      continue;
    }
    if (Tok.equals_lower("private")) {
      E.Private = true;
      continue;
    }
    if (Tok.startswith("@")) {
      int32_t Ord;
      if (Tok.substr(1).getAsInteger(0, Ord))
        goto err;
      if (Ord <= 0 || 65535 < Ord)
        goto err;
      E.Ordinal = Ord;
      continue;
    }
    goto err;
  }
  return E;

err:
  fatal("invalid /export: " + Arg);
}

static StringRef undecorate(StringRef Sym) {
  if (Config->Machine != I386)
    return Sym;
  // In MSVC mode, a fully decorated stdcall function is exported
  // as-is with the leading underscore (with type IMPORT_NAME).
  // In MinGW mode, a decorated stdcall function gets the underscore
  // removed, just like normal cdecl functions.
  if (Sym.startswith("_") && Sym.contains('@') && !Config->MinGW)
    return Sym;
  return Sym.startswith("_") ? Sym.substr(1) : Sym;
}

// Convert stdcall/fastcall style symbols into unsuffixed symbols,
// with or without a leading underscore. (MinGW specific.)
static StringRef killAt(StringRef Sym, bool Prefix) {
  if (Sym.empty())
    return Sym;
  // Strip any trailing stdcall suffix
  Sym = Sym.substr(0, Sym.find('@', 1));
  if (!Sym.startswith("@")) {
    if (Prefix && !Sym.startswith("_"))
      return Saver.save("_" + Sym);
    return Sym;
  }
  // For fastcall, remove the leading @ and replace it with an
  // underscore, if prefixes are used.
  Sym = Sym.substr(1);
  if (Prefix)
    Sym = Saver.save("_" + Sym);
  return Sym;
}

// Performs error checking on all /export arguments.
// It also sets ordinals.
void fixupExports() {
  // Symbol ordinals must be unique.
  std::set<uint16_t> Ords;
  for (Export &E : Config->Exports) {
    if (E.Ordinal == 0)
      continue;
    if (!Ords.insert(E.Ordinal).second)
      fatal("duplicate export ordinal: " + E.Name);
  }

  for (Export &E : Config->Exports) {
    Symbol *Sym = E.Sym;
    if (!E.ForwardTo.empty() || !Sym) {
      E.SymbolName = E.Name;
    } else {
      if (auto *U = dyn_cast<Undefined>(Sym))
        if (U->WeakAlias)
          Sym = U->WeakAlias;
      E.SymbolName = Sym->getName();
    }
  }

  for (Export &E : Config->Exports) {
    if (!E.ForwardTo.empty()) {
      E.ExportName = undecorate(E.Name);
    } else {
      E.ExportName = undecorate(E.ExtName.empty() ? E.Name : E.ExtName);
    }
  }

  if (Config->KillAt && Config->Machine == I386) {
    for (Export &E : Config->Exports) {
      E.Name = killAt(E.Name, true);
      E.ExportName = killAt(E.ExportName, false);
      E.ExtName = killAt(E.ExtName, true);
      E.SymbolName = killAt(E.SymbolName, true);
    }
  }

  // Uniquefy by name.
  DenseMap<StringRef, Export *> Map(Config->Exports.size());
  std::vector<Export> V;
  for (Export &E : Config->Exports) {
    auto Pair = Map.insert(std::make_pair(E.ExportName, &E));
    bool Inserted = Pair.second;
    if (Inserted) {
      V.push_back(E);
      continue;
    }
    Export *Existing = Pair.first->second;
    if (E == *Existing || E.Name != Existing->Name)
      continue;
    warn("duplicate /export option: " + E.Name);
  }
  Config->Exports = std::move(V);

  // Sort by name.
  std::sort(Config->Exports.begin(), Config->Exports.end(),
            [](const Export &A, const Export &B) {
              return A.ExportName < B.ExportName;
            });
}

void assignExportOrdinals() {
  // Assign unique ordinals if default (= 0).
  uint16_t Max = 0;
  for (Export &E : Config->Exports)
    Max = std::max(Max, E.Ordinal);
  for (Export &E : Config->Exports)
    if (E.Ordinal == 0)
      E.Ordinal = ++Max;
}

// Parses a string in the form of "key=value" and check
// if value matches previous values for the same key.
void checkFailIfMismatch(StringRef Arg, InputFile *Source) {
  StringRef K, V;
  std::tie(K, V) = Arg.split('=');
  if (K.empty() || V.empty())
    fatal("/failifmismatch: invalid argument: " + Arg);
  std::pair<StringRef, InputFile *> Existing = Config->MustMatch[K];
  if (!Existing.first.empty() && V != Existing.first) {
    std::string SourceStr = Source ? toString(Source) : "cmd-line";
    std::string ExistingStr =
        Existing.second ? toString(Existing.second) : "cmd-line";
    fatal("/failifmismatch: mismatch detected for '" + K + "':\n>>> " +
          ExistingStr + " has value " + Existing.first + "\n>>> " + SourceStr +
          " has value " + V);
  }
  Config->MustMatch[K] = {V, Source};
}

// Convert Windows resource files (.res files) to a .obj file.
MemoryBufferRef convertResToCOFF(ArrayRef<MemoryBufferRef> MBs) {
  object::WindowsResourceParser Parser;

  for (MemoryBufferRef MB : MBs) {
    std::unique_ptr<object::Binary> Bin = check(object::createBinary(MB));
    object::WindowsResource *RF = dyn_cast<object::WindowsResource>(Bin.get());
    if (!RF)
      fatal("cannot compile non-resource file as resource");

    std::vector<std::string> Duplicates;
    if (auto EC = Parser.parse(RF, Duplicates))
      fatal(toString(std::move(EC)));

    for (const auto &DupeDiag : Duplicates)
      if (Config->ForceMultipleRes)
        warn(DupeDiag);
      else
        error(DupeDiag);
  }

  Expected<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> E =
      llvm::object::writeWindowsResourceCOFF(Config->Machine, Parser);
  if (!E)
    fatal("failed to write .res to COFF: " + toString(E.takeError()));

  MemoryBufferRef MBRef = **E;
  make<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>>(std::move(*E)); // take ownership
  return MBRef;
}

// Create OptTable

// Create prefix string literals used in Options.td
#define PREFIX(NAME, VALUE) const char *const NAME[] = VALUE;
#include "Options.inc"
#undef PREFIX

// Create table mapping all options defined in Options.td
static const llvm::opt::OptTable::Info InfoTable[] = {
#define OPTION(X1, X2, ID, KIND, GROUP, ALIAS, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12)      \
  {X1, X2, X10,         X11,         OPT_##ID, llvm::opt::Option::KIND##Class, \
   X9, X8, OPT_##GROUP, OPT_##ALIAS, X7,       X12},
#include "Options.inc"
#undef OPTION
};

COFFOptTable::COFFOptTable() : OptTable(InfoTable, true) {}

// Set color diagnostics according to --color-diagnostics={auto,always,never}
// or --no-color-diagnostics flags.
static void handleColorDiagnostics(opt::InputArgList &Args) {
  auto *Arg = Args.getLastArg(OPT_color_diagnostics, OPT_color_diagnostics_eq,
                              OPT_no_color_diagnostics);
  if (!Arg)
    return;
  if (Arg->getOption().getID() == OPT_color_diagnostics) {
    errorHandler().ColorDiagnostics = true;
  } else if (Arg->getOption().getID() == OPT_no_color_diagnostics) {
    errorHandler().ColorDiagnostics = false;
  } else {
    StringRef S = Arg->getValue();
    if (S == "always")
      errorHandler().ColorDiagnostics = true;
    else if (S == "never")
      errorHandler().ColorDiagnostics = false;
    else if (S != "auto")
      error("unknown option: --color-diagnostics=" + S);
  }
}

static cl::TokenizerCallback getQuotingStyle(opt::InputArgList &Args) {
  if (auto *Arg = Args.getLastArg(OPT_rsp_quoting)) {
    StringRef S = Arg->getValue();
    if (S != "windows" && S != "posix")
      error("invalid response file quoting: " + S);
    if (S == "windows")
      return cl::TokenizeWindowsCommandLine;
    return cl::TokenizeGNUCommandLine;
  }
  // The COFF linker always defaults to Windows quoting.
  return cl::TokenizeWindowsCommandLine;
}

// Parses a given list of options.
opt::InputArgList ArgParser::parse(ArrayRef<const char *> Argv) {
  // Make InputArgList from string vectors.
  unsigned MissingIndex;
  unsigned MissingCount;

  // We need to get the quoting style for response files before parsing all
  // options so we parse here before and ignore all the options but
  // --rsp-quoting.
  opt::InputArgList Args = Table.ParseArgs(Argv, MissingIndex, MissingCount);

  // Expand response files (arguments in the form of @<filename>)
  // and then parse the argument again.
  SmallVector<const char *, 256> ExpandedArgv(Argv.data(), Argv.data() + Argv.size());
  cl::ExpandResponseFiles(Saver, getQuotingStyle(Args), ExpandedArgv);
  Args = Table.ParseArgs(makeArrayRef(ExpandedArgv).drop_front(), MissingIndex,
                         MissingCount);

  // Print the real command line if response files are expanded.
  if (Args.hasArg(OPT_verbose) && Argv.size() != ExpandedArgv.size()) {
    std::string Msg = "Command line:";
    for (const char *S : ExpandedArgv)
      Msg += " " + std::string(S);
    message(Msg);
  }

  // Save the command line after response file expansion so we can write it to
  // the PDB if necessary.
  Config->Argv = {ExpandedArgv.begin(), ExpandedArgv.end()};

  // Handle /WX early since it converts missing argument warnings to errors.
  errorHandler().FatalWarnings = Args.hasFlag(OPT_WX, OPT_WX_no, false);

  if (MissingCount)
    fatal(Twine(Args.getArgString(MissingIndex)) + ": missing argument");

  handleColorDiagnostics(Args);

  for (auto *Arg : Args.filtered(OPT_UNKNOWN)) {
    std::string Nearest;
    if (Table.findNearest(Arg->getAsString(Args), Nearest) > 1)
      warn("ignoring unknown argument '" + Arg->getSpelling() + "'");
    else
      warn("ignoring unknown argument '" + Arg->getSpelling() +
           "', did you mean '" + Nearest + "'");
  }

  if (Args.hasArg(OPT_lib))
    warn("ignoring /lib since it's not the first argument");

  return Args;
}

// Tokenizes and parses a given string as command line in .drective section.
// /EXPORT options are processed in fastpath.
std::pair<opt::InputArgList, std::vector<StringRef>>
ArgParser::parseDirectives(StringRef S) {
  std::vector<StringRef> Exports;
  SmallVector<const char *, 16> Rest;

  for (StringRef Tok : tokenize(S)) {
    if (Tok.startswith_lower("/export:") || Tok.startswith_lower("-export:"))
      Exports.push_back(Tok.substr(strlen("/export:")));
    else
      Rest.push_back(Tok.data());
  }

  // Make InputArgList from unparsed string vectors.
  unsigned MissingIndex;
  unsigned MissingCount;

  opt::InputArgList Args = Table.ParseArgs(Rest, MissingIndex, MissingCount);

  if (MissingCount)
    fatal(Twine(Args.getArgString(MissingIndex)) + ": missing argument");
  for (auto *Arg : Args.filtered(OPT_UNKNOWN))
    warn("ignoring unknown argument: " + Arg->getSpelling());
  return {std::move(Args), std::move(Exports)};
}

// link.exe has an interesting feature. If LINK or _LINK_ environment
// variables exist, their contents are handled as command line strings.
// So you can pass extra arguments using them.
opt::InputArgList ArgParser::parseLINK(std::vector<const char *> Argv) {
  // Concatenate LINK env and command line arguments, and then parse them.
  if (Optional<std::string> S = Process::GetEnv("LINK")) {
    std::vector<const char *> V = tokenize(*S);
    Argv.insert(std::next(Argv.begin()), V.begin(), V.end());
  }
  if (Optional<std::string> S = Process::GetEnv("_LINK_")) {
    std::vector<const char *> V = tokenize(*S);
    Argv.insert(std::next(Argv.begin()), V.begin(), V.end());
  }
  return parse(Argv);
}

std::vector<const char *> ArgParser::tokenize(StringRef S) {
  SmallVector<const char *, 16> Tokens;
  cl::TokenizeWindowsCommandLine(S, Saver, Tokens);
  return std::vector<const char *>(Tokens.begin(), Tokens.end());
}

void printHelp(const char *Argv0) {
  COFFOptTable().PrintHelp(outs(),
                           (std::string(Argv0) + " [options] file...").c_str(),
                           "LLVM Linker", false);
}

} // namespace coff
} // namespace lld