llvm-project/llvm/tools/yaml2obj/yaml2coff.cpp

//===- yaml2coff - Convert YAML to a COFF object file ---------------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
///
/// \file
/// \brief The COFF component of yaml2obj.
///
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "yaml2obj.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringMap.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringSwitch.h"
#include "llvm/Object/COFF.h"
#include "llvm/ObjectYAML/ObjectYAML.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Endian.h"
#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
#include "llvm/Support/SourceMgr.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <vector>

using namespace llvm;

/// This parses a yaml stream that represents a COFF object file.
/// See docs/yaml2obj for the yaml scheema.
struct COFFParser {
  COFFParser(COFFYAML::Object &Obj)
      : Obj(Obj), SectionTableStart(0), SectionTableSize(0) {
    // A COFF string table always starts with a 4 byte size field. Offsets into
    // it include this size, so allocate it now.
    StringTable.append(4, char(0));
  }

  bool useBigObj() const {
    return static_cast<int32_t>(Obj.Sections.size()) >
           COFF::MaxNumberOfSections16;
  }

  bool isPE() const { return Obj.OptionalHeader.hasValue(); }
  bool is64Bit() const {
    return Obj.Header.Machine == COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64;
  }

  uint32_t getFileAlignment() const {
    return Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.FileAlignment;
  }

  unsigned getHeaderSize() const {
    return useBigObj() ? COFF::Header32Size : COFF::Header16Size;
  }

  unsigned getSymbolSize() const {
    return useBigObj() ? COFF::Symbol32Size : COFF::Symbol16Size;
  }

  bool parseSections() {
    for (std::vector<COFFYAML::Section>::iterator i = Obj.Sections.begin(),
           e = Obj.Sections.end(); i != e; ++i) {
      COFFYAML::Section &Sec = *i;

      // If the name is less than 8 bytes, store it in place, otherwise
      // store it in the string table.
      StringRef Name = Sec.Name;

      if (Name.size() <= COFF::NameSize) {
        std::copy(Name.begin(), Name.end(), Sec.Header.Name);
      } else {
        // Add string to the string table and format the index for output.
        unsigned Index = getStringIndex(Name);
        std::string str = utostr(Index);
        if (str.size() > 7) {
          errs() << "String table got too large\n";
          return false;
        }
        Sec.Header.Name[0] = '/';
        std::copy(str.begin(), str.end(), Sec.Header.Name + 1);
      }

      if (Sec.Alignment) {
        if (Sec.Alignment > 8192) {
          errs() << "Section alignment is too large\n";
          return false;
        }
        if (!isPowerOf2_32(Sec.Alignment)) {
          errs() << "Section alignment is not a power of 2\n";
          return false;
        }
        Sec.Header.Characteristics |= (Log2_32(Sec.Alignment) + 1) << 20;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  bool parseSymbols() {
    for (std::vector<COFFYAML::Symbol>::iterator i = Obj.Symbols.begin(),
           e = Obj.Symbols.end(); i != e; ++i) {
      COFFYAML::Symbol &Sym = *i;

      // If the name is less than 8 bytes, store it in place, otherwise
      // store it in the string table.
      StringRef Name = Sym.Name;
      if (Name.size() <= COFF::NameSize) {
        std::copy(Name.begin(), Name.end(), Sym.Header.Name);
      } else {
        // Add string to the string table and format the index for output.
        unsigned Index = getStringIndex(Name);
        *reinterpret_cast<support::aligned_ulittle32_t*>(
            Sym.Header.Name + 4) = Index;
      }

      Sym.Header.Type = Sym.SimpleType;
      Sym.Header.Type |= Sym.ComplexType << COFF::SCT_COMPLEX_TYPE_SHIFT;
    }
    return true;
  }

  bool parse() {
    if (!parseSections())
      return false;
    if (!parseSymbols())
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  unsigned getStringIndex(StringRef Str) {
    StringMap<unsigned>::iterator i = StringTableMap.find(Str);
    if (i == StringTableMap.end()) {
      unsigned Index = StringTable.size();
      StringTable.append(Str.begin(), Str.end());
      StringTable.push_back(0);
      StringTableMap[Str] = Index;
      return Index;
    }
    return i->second;
  }

  COFFYAML::Object &Obj;

  StringMap<unsigned> StringTableMap;
  std::string StringTable;
  uint32_t SectionTableStart;
  uint32_t SectionTableSize;
};

// Take a CP and assign addresses and sizes to everything. Returns false if the
// layout is not valid to do.
static bool layoutOptionalHeader(COFFParser &CP) {
  if (!CP.isPE())
    return true;
  unsigned PEHeaderSize = CP.is64Bit() ? sizeof(object::pe32plus_header)
                                       : sizeof(object::pe32_header);
  CP.Obj.Header.SizeOfOptionalHeader =
      PEHeaderSize +
      sizeof(object::data_directory) * (COFF::NUM_DATA_DIRECTORIES + 1);
  return true;
}

namespace {
enum { DOSStubSize = 128 };
}

// Take a CP and assign addresses and sizes to everything. Returns false if the
// layout is not valid to do.
static bool layoutCOFF(COFFParser &CP) {
  // The section table starts immediately after the header, including the
  // optional header.
  CP.SectionTableStart =
      CP.getHeaderSize() + CP.Obj.Header.SizeOfOptionalHeader;
  if (CP.isPE())
    CP.SectionTableStart += DOSStubSize + sizeof(COFF::PEMagic);
  CP.SectionTableSize = COFF::SectionSize * CP.Obj.Sections.size();

  uint32_t CurrentSectionDataOffset =
      CP.SectionTableStart + CP.SectionTableSize;

  // Assign each section data address consecutively.
  for (COFFYAML::Section &S : CP.Obj.Sections) {
    if (S.SectionData.binary_size() > 0) {
      CurrentSectionDataOffset = alignTo(CurrentSectionDataOffset,
                                         CP.isPE() ? CP.getFileAlignment() : 4);
      S.Header.SizeOfRawData = S.SectionData.binary_size();
      if (CP.isPE())
        S.Header.SizeOfRawData =
            alignTo(S.Header.SizeOfRawData, CP.getFileAlignment());
      S.Header.PointerToRawData = CurrentSectionDataOffset;
      CurrentSectionDataOffset += S.Header.SizeOfRawData;
      if (!S.Relocations.empty()) {
        S.Header.PointerToRelocations = CurrentSectionDataOffset;
        S.Header.NumberOfRelocations = S.Relocations.size();
        CurrentSectionDataOffset +=
            S.Header.NumberOfRelocations * COFF::RelocationSize;
      }
    } else {
      S.Header.SizeOfRawData = 0;
      S.Header.PointerToRawData = 0;
    }
  }

  uint32_t SymbolTableStart = CurrentSectionDataOffset;

  // Calculate number of symbols.
  uint32_t NumberOfSymbols = 0;
  for (std::vector<COFFYAML::Symbol>::iterator i = CP.Obj.Symbols.begin(),
                                               e = CP.Obj.Symbols.end();
                                               i != e; ++i) {
    uint32_t NumberOfAuxSymbols = 0;
    if (i->FunctionDefinition)
      NumberOfAuxSymbols += 1;
    if (i->bfAndefSymbol)
      NumberOfAuxSymbols += 1;
    if (i->WeakExternal)
      NumberOfAuxSymbols += 1;
    if (!i->File.empty())
      NumberOfAuxSymbols +=
          (i->File.size() + CP.getSymbolSize() - 1) / CP.getSymbolSize();
    if (i->SectionDefinition)
      NumberOfAuxSymbols += 1;
    if (i->CLRToken)
      NumberOfAuxSymbols += 1;
    i->Header.NumberOfAuxSymbols = NumberOfAuxSymbols;
    NumberOfSymbols += 1 + NumberOfAuxSymbols;
  }

  // Store all the allocated start addresses in the header.
  CP.Obj.Header.NumberOfSections = CP.Obj.Sections.size();
  CP.Obj.Header.NumberOfSymbols = NumberOfSymbols;
  if (NumberOfSymbols > 0 || CP.StringTable.size() > 4)
    CP.Obj.Header.PointerToSymbolTable = SymbolTableStart;
  else
    CP.Obj.Header.PointerToSymbolTable = 0;

  *reinterpret_cast<support::ulittle32_t *>(&CP.StringTable[0])
    = CP.StringTable.size();

  return true;
}

template <typename value_type>
struct binary_le_impl {
  value_type Value;
  binary_le_impl(value_type V) : Value(V) {}
};

template <typename value_type>
raw_ostream &operator <<( raw_ostream &OS
                        , const binary_le_impl<value_type> &BLE) {
  char Buffer[sizeof(BLE.Value)];
  support::endian::write<value_type, support::little, support::unaligned>(
    Buffer, BLE.Value);
  OS.write(Buffer, sizeof(BLE.Value));
  return OS;
}

template <typename value_type>
binary_le_impl<value_type> binary_le(value_type V) {
  return binary_le_impl<value_type>(V);
}

template <size_t NumBytes> struct zeros_impl {};

template <size_t NumBytes>
raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, const zeros_impl<NumBytes> &) {
  char Buffer[NumBytes];
  memset(Buffer, 0, sizeof(Buffer));
  OS.write(Buffer, sizeof(Buffer));
  return OS;
}

template <typename T>
zeros_impl<sizeof(T)> zeros(const T &) {
  return zeros_impl<sizeof(T)>();
}

struct num_zeros_impl {
  size_t N;
  num_zeros_impl(size_t N) : N(N) {}
};

raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, const num_zeros_impl &NZI) {
  for (size_t I = 0; I != NZI.N; ++I)
    OS.write(0);
  return OS;
}

static num_zeros_impl num_zeros(size_t N) {
  num_zeros_impl NZI(N);
  return NZI;
}

template <typename T>
static uint32_t initializeOptionalHeader(COFFParser &CP, uint16_t Magic, T Header) {
  memset(Header, 0, sizeof(*Header));
  Header->Magic = Magic;
  Header->SectionAlignment = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.SectionAlignment;
  Header->FileAlignment = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.FileAlignment;
  uint32_t SizeOfCode = 0, SizeOfInitializedData = 0,
           SizeOfUninitializedData = 0;
  uint32_t SizeOfHeaders = alignTo(CP.SectionTableStart + CP.SectionTableSize,
                                   Header->FileAlignment);
  uint32_t SizeOfImage = alignTo(SizeOfHeaders, Header->SectionAlignment);
  uint32_t BaseOfData = 0;
  for (const COFFYAML::Section &S : CP.Obj.Sections) {
    if (S.Header.Characteristics & COFF::IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE)
      SizeOfCode += S.Header.SizeOfRawData;
    if (S.Header.Characteristics & COFF::IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA)
      SizeOfInitializedData += S.Header.SizeOfRawData;
    if (S.Header.Characteristics & COFF::IMAGE_SCN_CNT_UNINITIALIZED_DATA)
      SizeOfUninitializedData += S.Header.SizeOfRawData;
    if (S.Name.equals(".text"))
      Header->BaseOfCode = S.Header.VirtualAddress; // RVA
    else if (S.Name.equals(".data"))
      BaseOfData = S.Header.VirtualAddress; // RVA
    if (S.Header.VirtualAddress)
      SizeOfImage += alignTo(S.Header.VirtualSize, Header->SectionAlignment);
  }
  Header->SizeOfCode = SizeOfCode;
  Header->SizeOfInitializedData = SizeOfInitializedData;
  Header->SizeOfUninitializedData = SizeOfUninitializedData;
  Header->AddressOfEntryPoint =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.AddressOfEntryPoint; // RVA
  Header->ImageBase = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.ImageBase;
  Header->MajorOperatingSystemVersion =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.MajorOperatingSystemVersion;
  Header->MinorOperatingSystemVersion =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.MinorOperatingSystemVersion;
  Header->MajorImageVersion =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.MajorImageVersion;
  Header->MinorImageVersion =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.MinorImageVersion;
  Header->MajorSubsystemVersion =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.MajorSubsystemVersion;
  Header->MinorSubsystemVersion =
      CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.MinorSubsystemVersion;
  Header->SizeOfImage = SizeOfImage;
  Header->SizeOfHeaders = SizeOfHeaders;
  Header->Subsystem = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.Subsystem;
  Header->DLLCharacteristics = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.DLLCharacteristics;
  Header->SizeOfStackReserve = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.SizeOfStackReserve;
  Header->SizeOfStackCommit = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.SizeOfStackCommit;
  Header->SizeOfHeapReserve = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.SizeOfHeapReserve;
  Header->SizeOfHeapCommit = CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->Header.SizeOfHeapCommit;
  Header->NumberOfRvaAndSize = COFF::NUM_DATA_DIRECTORIES + 1;
  return BaseOfData;
}

static bool writeCOFF(COFFParser &CP, raw_ostream &OS) {
  if (CP.isPE()) {
    // PE files start with a DOS stub.
    object::dos_header DH;
    memset(&DH, 0, sizeof(DH));

    // DOS EXEs start with "MZ" magic.
    DH.Magic[0] = 'M';
    DH.Magic[1] = 'Z';
    // Initializing the AddressOfRelocationTable is strictly optional but
    // mollifies certain tools which expect it to have a value greater than
    // 0x40.
    DH.AddressOfRelocationTable = sizeof(DH);
    // This is the address of the PE signature.
    DH.AddressOfNewExeHeader = DOSStubSize;

    // Write out our DOS stub.
    OS.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&DH), sizeof(DH));
    // Write padding until we reach the position of where our PE signature
    // should live.
    OS << num_zeros(DOSStubSize - sizeof(DH));
    // Write out the PE signature.
    OS.write(COFF::PEMagic, sizeof(COFF::PEMagic));
  }
  if (CP.useBigObj()) {
    OS << binary_le(static_cast<uint16_t>(COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN))
       << binary_le(static_cast<uint16_t>(0xffff))
       << binary_le(static_cast<uint16_t>(COFF::BigObjHeader::MinBigObjectVersion))
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.Machine)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.TimeDateStamp);
    OS.write(COFF::BigObjMagic, sizeof(COFF::BigObjMagic));
    OS << zeros(uint32_t(0))
       << zeros(uint32_t(0))
       << zeros(uint32_t(0))
       << zeros(uint32_t(0))
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.NumberOfSections)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.PointerToSymbolTable)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.NumberOfSymbols);
  } else {
    OS << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.Machine)
       << binary_le(static_cast<int16_t>(CP.Obj.Header.NumberOfSections))
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.TimeDateStamp)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.PointerToSymbolTable)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.NumberOfSymbols)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.SizeOfOptionalHeader)
       << binary_le(CP.Obj.Header.Characteristics);
  }
  if (CP.isPE()) {
    if (CP.is64Bit()) {
      object::pe32plus_header PEH;
      initializeOptionalHeader(CP, COFF::PE32Header::PE32_PLUS, &PEH);
      OS.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&PEH), sizeof(PEH));
    } else {
      object::pe32_header PEH;
      uint32_t BaseOfData = initializeOptionalHeader(CP, COFF::PE32Header::PE32, &PEH);
      PEH.BaseOfData = BaseOfData;
      OS.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&PEH), sizeof(PEH));
    }
    for (const Optional<COFF::DataDirectory> &DD :
         CP.Obj.OptionalHeader->DataDirectories) {
      if (!DD.hasValue()) {
        OS << zeros(uint32_t(0));
        OS << zeros(uint32_t(0));
      } else {
        OS << binary_le(DD->RelativeVirtualAddress);
        OS << binary_le(DD->Size);
      }
    }
    OS << zeros(uint32_t(0));
    OS << zeros(uint32_t(0));
  }

  assert(OS.tell() == CP.SectionTableStart);
  // Output section table.
  for (std::vector<COFFYAML::Section>::iterator i = CP.Obj.Sections.begin(),
                                                e = CP.Obj.Sections.end();
                                                i != e; ++i) {
    OS.write(i->Header.Name, COFF::NameSize);
    OS << binary_le(i->Header.VirtualSize)
       << binary_le(i->Header.VirtualAddress)
       << binary_le(i->Header.SizeOfRawData)
       << binary_le(i->Header.PointerToRawData)
       << binary_le(i->Header.PointerToRelocations)
       << binary_le(i->Header.PointerToLineNumbers)
       << binary_le(i->Header.NumberOfRelocations)
       << binary_le(i->Header.NumberOfLineNumbers)
       << binary_le(i->Header.Characteristics);
  }
  assert(OS.tell() == CP.SectionTableStart + CP.SectionTableSize);

  unsigned CurSymbol = 0;
  StringMap<unsigned> SymbolTableIndexMap;
  for (std::vector<COFFYAML::Symbol>::iterator I = CP.Obj.Symbols.begin(),
                                               E = CP.Obj.Symbols.end();
       I != E; ++I) {
    SymbolTableIndexMap[I->Name] = CurSymbol;
    CurSymbol += 1 + I->Header.NumberOfAuxSymbols;
  }

  // Output section data.
  for (const COFFYAML::Section &S : CP.Obj.Sections) {
    if (!S.Header.SizeOfRawData)
      continue;
    assert(S.Header.PointerToRawData >= OS.tell());
    OS << num_zeros(S.Header.PointerToRawData - OS.tell());
    S.SectionData.writeAsBinary(OS);
    assert(S.Header.SizeOfRawData >= S.SectionData.binary_size());
    OS << num_zeros(S.Header.SizeOfRawData - S.SectionData.binary_size());
    for (const COFFYAML::Relocation &R : S.Relocations) {
      uint32_t SymbolTableIndex = SymbolTableIndexMap[R.SymbolName];
      OS << binary_le(R.VirtualAddress)
         << binary_le(SymbolTableIndex)
         << binary_le(R.Type);
    }
  }

  // Output symbol table.

  for (std::vector<COFFYAML::Symbol>::const_iterator i = CP.Obj.Symbols.begin(),
                                                     e = CP.Obj.Symbols.end();
                                                     i != e; ++i) {
    OS.write(i->Header.Name, COFF::NameSize);
    OS << binary_le(i->Header.Value);
    if (CP.useBigObj())
       OS << binary_le(i->Header.SectionNumber);
    else
       OS << binary_le(static_cast<int16_t>(i->Header.SectionNumber));
    OS << binary_le(i->Header.Type)
       << binary_le(i->Header.StorageClass)
       << binary_le(i->Header.NumberOfAuxSymbols);

    if (i->FunctionDefinition)
      OS << binary_le(i->FunctionDefinition->TagIndex)
         << binary_le(i->FunctionDefinition->TotalSize)
         << binary_le(i->FunctionDefinition->PointerToLinenumber)
         << binary_le(i->FunctionDefinition->PointerToNextFunction)
         << zeros(i->FunctionDefinition->unused)
         << num_zeros(CP.getSymbolSize() - COFF::Symbol16Size);
    if (i->bfAndefSymbol)
      OS << zeros(i->bfAndefSymbol->unused1)
         << binary_le(i->bfAndefSymbol->Linenumber)
         << zeros(i->bfAndefSymbol->unused2)
         << binary_le(i->bfAndefSymbol->PointerToNextFunction)
         << zeros(i->bfAndefSymbol->unused3)
         << num_zeros(CP.getSymbolSize() - COFF::Symbol16Size);
    if (i->WeakExternal)
      OS << binary_le(i->WeakExternal->TagIndex)
         << binary_le(i->WeakExternal->Characteristics)
         << zeros(i->WeakExternal->unused)
         << num_zeros(CP.getSymbolSize() - COFF::Symbol16Size);
    if (!i->File.empty()) {
      unsigned SymbolSize = CP.getSymbolSize();
      uint32_t NumberOfAuxRecords =
          (i->File.size() + SymbolSize - 1) / SymbolSize;
      uint32_t NumberOfAuxBytes = NumberOfAuxRecords * SymbolSize;
      uint32_t NumZeros = NumberOfAuxBytes - i->File.size();
      OS.write(i->File.data(), i->File.size());
      OS << num_zeros(NumZeros);
    }
    if (i->SectionDefinition)
      OS << binary_le(i->SectionDefinition->Length)
         << binary_le(i->SectionDefinition->NumberOfRelocations)
         << binary_le(i->SectionDefinition->NumberOfLinenumbers)
         << binary_le(i->SectionDefinition->CheckSum)
         << binary_le(static_cast<int16_t>(i->SectionDefinition->Number))
         << binary_le(i->SectionDefinition->Selection)
         << zeros(i->SectionDefinition->unused)
         << binary_le(static_cast<int16_t>(i->SectionDefinition->Number >> 16))
         << num_zeros(CP.getSymbolSize() - COFF::Symbol16Size);
    if (i->CLRToken)
      OS << binary_le(i->CLRToken->AuxType)
         << zeros(i->CLRToken->unused1)
         << binary_le(i->CLRToken->SymbolTableIndex)
         << zeros(i->CLRToken->unused2)
         << num_zeros(CP.getSymbolSize() - COFF::Symbol16Size);
  }

  // Output string table.
  if (CP.Obj.Header.PointerToSymbolTable)
    OS.write(&CP.StringTable[0], CP.StringTable.size());
  return true;
}

int yaml2coff(llvm::COFFYAML::Object &Doc, raw_ostream &Out) {
  COFFParser CP(Doc);
  if (!CP.parse()) {
    errs() << "yaml2obj: Failed to parse YAML file!\n";
    return 1;
  }

  if (!layoutOptionalHeader(CP)) {
    errs() << "yaml2obj: Failed to layout optional header for COFF file!\n";
    return 1;
  }
  if (!layoutCOFF(CP)) {
    errs() << "yaml2obj: Failed to layout COFF file!\n";
    return 1;
  }
  if (!writeCOFF(CP, Out)) {
    errs() << "yaml2obj: Failed to write COFF file!\n";
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}