llvm-project/llvm/tools/dsymutil/DwarfLinkerForBinary.h

//===- tools/dsymutil/DwarfLinkerForBinary.h --------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef LLVM_TOOLS_DSYMUTIL_DWARFLINKER_H
#define LLVM_TOOLS_DSYMUTIL_DWARFLINKER_H

#include "BinaryHolder.h"
#include "DebugMap.h"
#include "DwarfStreamer.h"
#include "LinkUtils.h"
#include "llvm/DWARFLinker/DWARFLinker.h"
#include "llvm/DWARFLinker/DWARFLinkerCompileUnit.h"
#include "llvm/DWARFLinker/DWARFLinkerDeclContext.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/DWARF/DWARFContext.h"

namespace llvm {
namespace dsymutil {

using UnitListTy = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CompileUnit>>;

/// The core of the Dwarf linking logic.
///
/// The link of the dwarf information from the object files will be
/// driven by the selection of 'root DIEs', which are DIEs that
/// describe variables or functions that are present in the linked
/// binary (and thus have entries in the debug map). All the debug
/// information that will be linked (the DIEs, but also the line
/// tables, ranges, ...) is derived from that set of root DIEs.
///
/// The root DIEs are identified because they contain relocations that
/// correspond to a debug map entry at specific places (the low_pc for
/// a function, the location for a variable). These relocations are
/// called ValidRelocs in the DwarfLinker and are gathered as a very
/// first step when we start processing a DebugMapObject.
class DwarfLinkerForBinary {
public:
  DwarfLinkerForBinary(raw_fd_ostream &OutFile, BinaryHolder &BinHolder,
                       LinkOptions Options)
      : OutFile(OutFile), BinHolder(BinHolder), Options(std::move(Options)) {}

  /// Link the contents of the DebugMap.
  bool link(const DebugMap &);

  void reportWarning(const Twine &Warning, const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                     const DWARFDie *DIE = nullptr) const;

  /// Flags passed to DwarfLinker::lookForDIEsToKeep
  enum TraversalFlags {
    TF_Keep = 1 << 0,            ///< Mark the traversed DIEs as kept.
    TF_InFunctionScope = 1 << 1, ///< Current scope is a function scope.
    TF_DependencyWalk = 1 << 2,  ///< Walking the dependencies of a kept DIE.
    TF_ParentWalk = 1 << 3,      ///< Walking up the parents of a kept DIE.
    TF_ODR = 1 << 4,             ///< Use the ODR while keeping dependents.
    TF_SkipPC = 1 << 5,          ///< Skip all location attributes.
  };

private:
  /// Remembers the oldest and newest DWARF version we've seen in a unit.
  void updateDwarfVersion(unsigned Version) {
    MaxDwarfVersion = std::max(MaxDwarfVersion, Version);
    MinDwarfVersion = std::min(MinDwarfVersion, Version);
  }

  /// Remembers the kinds of accelerator tables we've seen in a unit.
  void updateAccelKind(DWARFContext &Dwarf);

  /// Emit warnings as Dwarf compile units to leave a trail after linking.
  bool emitPaperTrailWarnings(const DebugMapObject &DMO, const DebugMap &Map,
                              OffsetsStringPool &StringPool);

  /// Keeps track of relocations.
  class RelocationManager : public AddressesMap {
    struct ValidReloc {
      uint64_t Offset;
      uint32_t Size;
      uint64_t Addend;
      const DebugMapObject::DebugMapEntry *Mapping;

      ValidReloc(uint64_t Offset, uint32_t Size, uint64_t Addend,
                 const DebugMapObject::DebugMapEntry *Mapping)
          : Offset(Offset), Size(Size), Addend(Addend), Mapping(Mapping) {}

      bool operator<(const ValidReloc &RHS) const {
        return Offset < RHS.Offset;
      }
    };

    const DwarfLinkerForBinary &Linker;

    /// The valid relocations for the current DebugMapObject.
    /// This vector is sorted by relocation offset.
    std::vector<ValidReloc> ValidRelocs;

    /// Index into ValidRelocs of the next relocation to consider. As we walk
    /// the DIEs in acsending file offset and as ValidRelocs is sorted by file
    /// offset, keeping this index up to date is all we have to do to have a
    /// cheap lookup during the root DIE selection and during DIE cloning.
    unsigned NextValidReloc = 0;

    RangesTy AddressRanges;

  public:
    RelocationManager(DwarfLinkerForBinary &Linker,
                      const object::ObjectFile &Obj, const DebugMapObject &DMO)
        : Linker(Linker) {
      findValidRelocsInDebugInfo(Obj, DMO);

      // Iterate over the debug map entries and put all the ones that are
      // functions (because they have a size) into the Ranges map. This map is
      // very similar to the FunctionRanges that are stored in each unit, with 2
      // notable differences:
      //
      //  1. Obviously this one is global, while the other ones are per-unit.
      //
      //  2. This one contains not only the functions described in the DIE
      //     tree, but also the ones that are only in the debug map.
      //
      // The latter information is required to reproduce dsymutil's logic while
      // linking line tables. The cases where this information matters look like
      // bugs that need to be investigated, but for now we need to reproduce
      // dsymutil's behavior.
      // FIXME: Once we understood exactly if that information is needed,
      // maybe totally remove this (or try to use it to do a real
      // -gline-tables-only on Darwin.
      for (const auto &Entry : DMO.symbols()) {
        const auto &Mapping = Entry.getValue();
        if (Mapping.Size && Mapping.ObjectAddress)
          AddressRanges[*Mapping.ObjectAddress] = ObjFileAddressRange(
              *Mapping.ObjectAddress + Mapping.Size,
              int64_t(Mapping.BinaryAddress) - *Mapping.ObjectAddress);
      }
    }
    virtual ~RelocationManager() override { clear(); }

    virtual bool areRelocationsResolved() const override { return true; }

    bool hasValidRelocs(bool ResetRelocsPtr = true) override {
      if (ResetRelocsPtr)
        NextValidReloc = 0;
      return !ValidRelocs.empty();
    }

    /// \defgroup FindValidRelocations Translate debug map into a list
    /// of relevant relocations
    ///
    /// @{
    bool findValidRelocsInDebugInfo(const object::ObjectFile &Obj,
                                    const DebugMapObject &DMO);

    bool findValidRelocs(const object::SectionRef &Section,
                         const object::ObjectFile &Obj,
                         const DebugMapObject &DMO);

    void findValidRelocsMachO(const object::SectionRef &Section,
                              const object::MachOObjectFile &Obj,
                              const DebugMapObject &DMO);
    /// @}

    bool hasValidRelocationAt(uint64_t StartOffset, uint64_t EndOffset,
                              CompileUnit::DIEInfo &Info) override;

    bool applyValidRelocs(MutableArrayRef<char> Data, uint64_t BaseOffset,
                          bool IsLittleEndian) override;

    RangesTy &getValidAddressRanges() override { return AddressRanges; }

    void clear() override {
      AddressRanges.clear();
      ValidRelocs.clear();
      NextValidReloc = 0;
    }
  };

  /// Keeps track of data associated with one object during linking.
  struct LinkContext {
    DwarfLinkerForBinary &Linker;
    DebugMapObject &DMO;
    const object::ObjectFile *ObjectFile = nullptr;
    std::unique_ptr<RelocationManager> RelocMgr;
    std::unique_ptr<DWARFContext> DwarfContext;
    RangesTy Ranges;
    UnitListTy CompileUnits;

    LinkContext(const DebugMap &Map, DwarfLinkerForBinary &Linker,
                DebugMapObject &DMO)
        : Linker(Linker), DMO(DMO) {
      // Swift ASTs are not object files.
      if (DMO.getType() == MachO::N_AST) {
        ObjectFile = nullptr;
        return;
      }
      if (auto ErrOrObj = Linker.loadObject(DMO, Map)) {
        ObjectFile = &*ErrOrObj;
        DwarfContext = DWARFContext::create(*ObjectFile);
        RelocMgr.reset(new RelocationManager(Linker, *ObjectFile, DMO));
      }
    }

    /// Clear part of the context that's no longer needed when we're done with
    /// the debug object.
    void Clear() {
      DwarfContext.reset(nullptr);
      CompileUnits.clear();
      Ranges.clear();
      RelocMgr->clear();
    }
  };

  /// Called at the start of a debug object link.
  void startDebugObject(LinkContext &Context);

  /// Called at the end of a debug object link.
  void endDebugObject(LinkContext &Context);

  /// \defgroup FindRootDIEs Find DIEs corresponding to debug map entries.
  ///
  /// @{
  /// Recursively walk the \p DIE tree and look for DIEs to
  /// keep. Store that information in \p CU's DIEInfo.
  ///
  /// The return value indicates whether the DIE is incomplete.
  void lookForDIEsToKeep(RelocationManager &RelocMgr, RangesTy &Ranges,
                         const UnitListTy &Units, const DWARFDie &DIE,
                         const DebugMapObject &DMO, CompileUnit &CU,
                         unsigned Flags);

  /// If this compile unit is really a skeleton CU that points to a
  /// clang module, register it in ClangModules and return true.
  ///
  /// A skeleton CU is a CU without children, a DW_AT_gnu_dwo_name
  /// pointing to the module, and a DW_AT_gnu_dwo_id with the module
  /// hash.
  bool registerModuleReference(DWARFDie CUDie, const DWARFUnit &Unit,
                               DebugMap &ModuleMap, const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                               RangesTy &Ranges,
                               OffsetsStringPool &OffsetsStringPool,
                               UniquingStringPool &UniquingStringPoolStringPool,
                               DeclContextTree &ODRContexts,
                               uint64_t ModulesEndOffset, unsigned &UnitID,
                               bool IsLittleEndian, unsigned Indent = 0,
                               bool Quiet = false);

  /// Recursively add the debug info in this clang module .pcm
  /// file (and all the modules imported by it in a bottom-up fashion)
  /// to Units.
  Error loadClangModule(DWARFDie CUDie, StringRef FilePath,
                        StringRef ModuleName, uint64_t DwoId,
                        DebugMap &ModuleMap, const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                        RangesTy &Ranges, OffsetsStringPool &OffsetsStringPool,
                        UniquingStringPool &UniquingStringPool,
                        DeclContextTree &ODRContexts, uint64_t ModulesEndOffset,
                        unsigned &UnitID, bool IsLittleEndian,
                        unsigned Indent = 0, bool Quiet = false);

  /// Mark the passed DIE as well as all the ones it depends on as kept.
  void keepDIEAndDependencies(RelocationManager &RelocMgr, RangesTy &Ranges,
                              const UnitListTy &Units, const DWARFDie &DIE,
                              CompileUnit::DIEInfo &MyInfo,
                              const DebugMapObject &DMO, CompileUnit &CU,
                              bool UseODR);

  unsigned shouldKeepDIE(RelocationManager &RelocMgr, RangesTy &Ranges,
                         const DWARFDie &DIE, const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                         CompileUnit &Unit, CompileUnit::DIEInfo &MyInfo,
                         unsigned Flags);

  /// Check if a variable describing DIE should be kept.
  /// \returns updated TraversalFlags.
  unsigned shouldKeepVariableDIE(RelocationManager &RelocMgr,
                                 const DWARFDie &DIE, CompileUnit &Unit,
                                 CompileUnit::DIEInfo &MyInfo, unsigned Flags);

  unsigned shouldKeepSubprogramDIE(RelocationManager &RelocMgr,
                                   RangesTy &Ranges, const DWARFDie &DIE,
                                   const DebugMapObject &DMO, CompileUnit &Unit,
                                   CompileUnit::DIEInfo &MyInfo,
                                   unsigned Flags);

  bool hasValidRelocation(uint32_t StartOffset, uint32_t EndOffset,
                          CompileUnit::DIEInfo &Info);
  /// @}

  /// \defgroup Linking Methods used to link the debug information
  ///
  /// @{

  class DIECloner {
    DwarfLinkerForBinary &Linker;
    RelocationManager &RelocMgr;

    /// Allocator used for all the DIEValue objects.
    BumpPtrAllocator &DIEAlloc;

    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CompileUnit>> &CompileUnits;
    LinkOptions Options;

  public:
    DIECloner(DwarfLinkerForBinary &Linker, RelocationManager &RelocMgr,
              BumpPtrAllocator &DIEAlloc,
              std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CompileUnit>> &CompileUnits,
              LinkOptions &Options)
        : Linker(Linker), RelocMgr(RelocMgr), DIEAlloc(DIEAlloc),
          CompileUnits(CompileUnits), Options(Options) {}

    /// Recursively clone \p InputDIE into an tree of DIE objects
    /// where useless (as decided by lookForDIEsToKeep()) bits have been
    /// stripped out and addresses have been rewritten according to the
    /// debug map.
    ///
    /// \param OutOffset is the offset the cloned DIE in the output
    /// compile unit.
    /// \param PCOffset (while cloning a function scope) is the offset
    /// applied to the entry point of the function to get the linked address.
    /// \param Die the output DIE to use, pass NULL to create one.
    /// \returns the root of the cloned tree or null if nothing was selected.
    DIE *cloneDIE(const DWARFDie &InputDIE, const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                  CompileUnit &U, OffsetsStringPool &StringPool,
                  int64_t PCOffset, uint32_t OutOffset, unsigned Flags,
                  bool IsLittleEndian, DIE *Die = nullptr);

    /// Construct the output DIE tree by cloning the DIEs we
    /// chose to keep above. If there are no valid relocs, then there's
    /// nothing to clone/emit.
    void cloneAllCompileUnits(DWARFContext &DwarfContext,
                              const DebugMapObject &DMO, RangesTy &Ranges,
                              OffsetsStringPool &StringPool,
                              bool IsLittleEndian);

  private:
    using AttributeSpec = DWARFAbbreviationDeclaration::AttributeSpec;

    /// Information gathered and exchanged between the various
    /// clone*Attributes helpers about the attributes of a particular DIE.
    struct AttributesInfo {
      /// Names.
      DwarfStringPoolEntryRef Name, MangledName, NameWithoutTemplate;

      /// Offsets in the string pool.
      uint32_t NameOffset = 0;
      uint32_t MangledNameOffset = 0;

      /// Value of AT_low_pc in the input DIE
      uint64_t OrigLowPc = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();

      /// Value of AT_high_pc in the input DIE
      uint64_t OrigHighPc = 0;

      /// Offset to apply to PC addresses inside a function.
      int64_t PCOffset = 0;

      /// Does the DIE have a low_pc attribute?
      bool HasLowPc = false;

      /// Does the DIE have a ranges attribute?
      bool HasRanges = false;

      /// Is this DIE only a declaration?
      bool IsDeclaration = false;

      AttributesInfo() = default;
    };

    /// Helper for cloneDIE.
    unsigned cloneAttribute(DIE &Die, const DWARFDie &InputDIE,
                            const DebugMapObject &DMO, CompileUnit &U,
                            OffsetsStringPool &StringPool,
                            const DWARFFormValue &Val,
                            const AttributeSpec AttrSpec, unsigned AttrSize,
                            AttributesInfo &AttrInfo, bool IsLittleEndian);

    /// Clone a string attribute described by \p AttrSpec and add
    /// it to \p Die.
    /// \returns the size of the new attribute.
    unsigned cloneStringAttribute(DIE &Die, AttributeSpec AttrSpec,
                                  const DWARFFormValue &Val, const DWARFUnit &U,
                                  OffsetsStringPool &StringPool,
                                  AttributesInfo &Info);

    /// Clone an attribute referencing another DIE and add
    /// it to \p Die.
    /// \returns the size of the new attribute.
    unsigned cloneDieReferenceAttribute(DIE &Die, const DWARFDie &InputDIE,
                                        AttributeSpec AttrSpec,
                                        unsigned AttrSize,
                                        const DWARFFormValue &Val,
                                        const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                                        CompileUnit &Unit);

    /// Clone a DWARF expression that may be referencing another DIE.
    void cloneExpression(DataExtractor &Data, DWARFExpression Expression,
                         const DebugMapObject &DMO, CompileUnit &Unit,
                         SmallVectorImpl<uint8_t> &OutputBuffer);

    /// Clone an attribute referencing another DIE and add
    /// it to \p Die.
    /// \returns the size of the new attribute.
    unsigned cloneBlockAttribute(DIE &Die, const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                                 CompileUnit &Unit, AttributeSpec AttrSpec,
                                 const DWARFFormValue &Val, unsigned AttrSize,
                                 bool IsLittleEndian);

    /// Clone an attribute referencing another DIE and add
    /// it to \p Die.
    /// \returns the size of the new attribute.
    unsigned cloneAddressAttribute(DIE &Die, AttributeSpec AttrSpec,
                                   const DWARFFormValue &Val,
                                   const CompileUnit &Unit,
                                   AttributesInfo &Info);

    /// Clone a scalar attribute  and add it to \p Die.
    /// \returns the size of the new attribute.
    unsigned cloneScalarAttribute(DIE &Die, const DWARFDie &InputDIE,
                                  const DebugMapObject &DMO, CompileUnit &U,
                                  AttributeSpec AttrSpec,
                                  const DWARFFormValue &Val, unsigned AttrSize,
                                  AttributesInfo &Info);

    /// Get the potential name and mangled name for the entity
    /// described by \p Die and store them in \Info if they are not
    /// already there.
    /// \returns is a name was found.
    bool getDIENames(const DWARFDie &Die, AttributesInfo &Info,
                     OffsetsStringPool &StringPool, bool StripTemplate = false);

    /// Create a copy of abbreviation Abbrev.
    void copyAbbrev(const DWARFAbbreviationDeclaration &Abbrev, bool hasODR);

    uint32_t hashFullyQualifiedName(DWARFDie DIE, CompileUnit &U,
                                    const DebugMapObject &DMO,
                                    int RecurseDepth = 0);

    /// Helper for cloneDIE.
    void addObjCAccelerator(CompileUnit &Unit, const DIE *Die,
                            DwarfStringPoolEntryRef Name,
                            OffsetsStringPool &StringPool, bool SkipPubSection);
  };

  /// Assign an abbreviation number to \p Abbrev
  void assignAbbrev(DIEAbbrev &Abbrev);

  /// Compute and emit debug_ranges section for \p Unit, and
  /// patch the attributes referencing it.
  void patchRangesForUnit(const CompileUnit &Unit, DWARFContext &Dwarf,
                          const DebugMapObject &DMO) const;

  /// Generate and emit the DW_AT_ranges attribute for a compile_unit if it had
  /// one.
  void generateUnitRanges(CompileUnit &Unit) const;

  /// Extract the line tables from the original dwarf, extract the relevant
  /// parts according to the linked function ranges and emit the result in the
  /// debug_line section.
  void patchLineTableForUnit(CompileUnit &Unit, DWARFContext &OrigDwarf,
                             RangesTy &Ranges, const DebugMapObject &DMO);

  /// Emit the accelerator entries for \p Unit.
  void emitAcceleratorEntriesForUnit(CompileUnit &Unit);
  void emitDwarfAcceleratorEntriesForUnit(CompileUnit &Unit);
  void emitAppleAcceleratorEntriesForUnit(CompileUnit &Unit);

  /// Patch the frame info for an object file and emit it.
  void patchFrameInfoForObject(const DebugMapObject &, RangesTy &Ranges,
                               DWARFContext &, unsigned AddressSize);

  /// FoldingSet that uniques the abbreviations.
  FoldingSet<DIEAbbrev> AbbreviationsSet;

  /// Storage for the unique Abbreviations.
  /// This is passed to AsmPrinter::emitDwarfAbbrevs(), thus it cannot be
  /// changed to a vector of unique_ptrs.
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<DIEAbbrev>> Abbreviations;

  /// DIELoc objects that need to be destructed (but not freed!).
  std::vector<DIELoc *> DIELocs;

  /// DIEBlock objects that need to be destructed (but not freed!).
  std::vector<DIEBlock *> DIEBlocks;

  /// Allocator used for all the DIEValue objects.
  BumpPtrAllocator DIEAlloc;
  /// @}

  /// \defgroup Helpers Various helper methods.
  ///
  /// @{
  bool createStreamer(const Triple &TheTriple, raw_fd_ostream &OutFile);

  /// Attempt to load a debug object from disk.
  ErrorOr<const object::ObjectFile &> loadObject(const DebugMapObject &Obj,
                                                 const DebugMap &Map);
  /// @}

  raw_fd_ostream &OutFile;
  BinaryHolder &BinHolder;
  LinkOptions Options;
  std::unique_ptr<DwarfStreamer> Streamer;

  unsigned MaxDwarfVersion = 0;
  unsigned MinDwarfVersion = std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max();

  bool AtLeastOneAppleAccelTable = false;
  bool AtLeastOneDwarfAccelTable = false;

  /// The CIEs that have been emitted in the output section. The actual CIE
  /// data serves a the key to this StringMap, this takes care of comparing the
  /// semantics of CIEs defined in different object files.
  StringMap<uint32_t> EmittedCIEs;

  /// Offset of the last CIE that has been emitted in the output
  /// debug_frame section.
  uint32_t LastCIEOffset = 0;

  /// Apple accelerator tables.
  AccelTable<DWARF5AccelTableStaticData> DebugNames;
  AccelTable<AppleAccelTableStaticOffsetData> AppleNames;
  AccelTable<AppleAccelTableStaticOffsetData> AppleNamespaces;
  AccelTable<AppleAccelTableStaticOffsetData> AppleObjc;
  AccelTable<AppleAccelTableStaticTypeData> AppleTypes;

  /// Mapping the PCM filename to the DwoId.
  StringMap<uint64_t> ClangModules;

  /// A list of all .swiftinterface files referenced by the debug
  /// info, mapping Module name to path on disk. The entries need to
  /// be uniqued and sorted and there are only few entries expected
  /// per compile unit, which is why this is a std::map.
  std::map<std::string, std::string> ParseableSwiftInterfaces;

  bool ModuleCacheHintDisplayed = false;
  bool ArchiveHintDisplayed = false;
};

} // end namespace dsymutil
} // end namespace llvm

#endif // LLVM_TOOLS_DSYMUTIL_DWARFLINKER_H