2012-11-17 07:50:32 +08:00
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
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<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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<title>Debug Sybmols on Mac OS X</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="www_title">
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The <strong>LLDB</strong> Debugger
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</div>
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<div id="container">
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<div id="content">
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<!--#include virtual="sidebar.incl"-->
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<div id="middle">
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<div class="post">
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<h1 class="postheader">Debug Symbols on MacOSX</h1>
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<div class="postcontent">
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<p>On MacOSX, debug symbols are often in stand alone bundles called <b>dSYM</b> files.
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These are bundles that contain DWARF debug information and other resources related to
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builds and debug info.</p>
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<p>The DebugSymbols.framework framework helps locate dSYM files when given a UUID. It can
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locate the symbols using a variety of methods:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Spotlight</li>
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<li>Explicit search paths</li>
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<li>Implicit search paths</li>
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<li>File mapped UUID paths</li>
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<li>Running one or more shell scripts</li>
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</ul>
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<p>DebugSymbols.framework also has global defaults that can be modified to allow
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all of the debug tools (lldb, gdb, sample, CoreSymbolication.framework) to easily
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find important debug symbols. The domain for the DebugSymbols.framework defaults
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is <b>com.apple.DebugSymbols</b>, and the defaults can be read, written or modified
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using the <b>defaults</b> shell command:
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<code><pre><tt><b>% defaults read com.apple.DebugSymbols
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% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols KEY ...
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% defaults delete com.apple.DebugSymbols KEY</b>
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</tt></pre></code>
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<p>The following is a list of the defaults key value
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setting pairs that can be used to enhance symbol location:</p>
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<table class="stats" width="620" cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<td class="hed" width="20%">Defaults Key</td>
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<td class="hed" width="70%">Description</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGFileMappedPaths</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">
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This default can be specified as a single string, or an array of strings.
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Each string represents a directory that contains file mapped UUID values
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that point to dSYM files. See the "File Mapped UUID Directories" section
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below for more details. Whenever DebugSymbols.framework is asked to lookup
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a dSYM file, it will first look in any file mapped UUID directories
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for a quick match.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<td class="content" colspan="2">
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<code><pre><tt><b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGFileMappedPaths -string /path/to/uuidmap1</b>
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<b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGFileMappedPaths -array /path/to/uuidmap1
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/path/to/uuidmap2</b>
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</tt></pre></code>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGShellCommands</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">
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This default can be specified as a single string, or an array of strings.
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Specifies a shell script that will get run in order to find the dSYM.
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The shell script will be run given a single UUID value as the shell
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command arguments and the shell command is expected to return a property
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list. See the property list format defined below.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<td class="content" colspan="2">
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<code><pre><tt><b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGShellCommands -string /path/to/script1</b>
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<b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGShellCommands -array /path/to/script1
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/path/to/script2</b>
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</tt></pre></code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGSpotlightPaths</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">
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Specifies the directories to limit spotlight searches to as a string or array of strings. When any
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other defaults are supplied to <b>com.apple.DebugSymbols</b>, spotlight
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searches will be disabled unless this default is set to an empty array:
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</td>
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</tr>
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<td class="content" colspan="2">
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<code><pre><tt><font color="green"># Specify an empty array to keep Spotlight searches enabled in all locations</font>
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<b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGSpotlightPaths -array</b>
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<font color="green"># Specify an array of paths to limit spotlight searches to certain directories</font>
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<b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGSpotlightPaths -array /path/dir1 /path/dir2</b>
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</tt></pre></code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="postfooter"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="post">
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<h1 class="postheader">Shell Script Property List Format</h1>
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<div class="postcontent">
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<p>Shell scripts that are specified with the <b>DBGShellCommands</b> defaults key
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will be run in the order in which they are specified until a match is found.
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The shell script will be invoked with a single UUID string value like
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"23516BE4-29BE-350C-91C9-F36E7999F0F1". The shell script must respond with a
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2012-11-20 01:38:24 +08:00
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property list being written to STDOUT.
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The property list returned must contain UUID string values as the root key values, with
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a dictionary for each UUID. The dictionaries can contain one or more of the following keys:
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2012-11-17 07:50:32 +08:00
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<table class="stats" width="620" cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<td class="hed" width="20%">Key</td>
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<td class="hed" width="70%">Description</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGArchitecture</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">A textual architecture or target triple like "x86_64", "i386", or "x86_64-apple-macosx".
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGBuildSourcePath</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">A path prefix that was used when building the dSYM file. The debug information will
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contain paths with this prefix.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGSourcePath</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">A path prefix for where the sources exist after the build has completed. Often when
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building projects, build machines will host the sources in a temporary directory while building, then
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move the sources to another location for archiving. If the paths in the debug info don't match where
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the sources are currently hosted, then specifying this path along with the <b>DBGBuildSourcePath</b>
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will help the developer tools always show you sources when debugging or symbolicating.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGDSYMPath</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">A path to the dSYM mach-o file inside the dSYM bundle.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGSymbolRichExecutable</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">A path to the symbol rich executable. Binaries are often stripped after
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being built and packaged into a release. If your build systems saves an unstripped executable
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a path to this executable can be provided.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="content">
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<b>DBGError</b>
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</td>
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<td class="content">If a binary can not be located for the supplied UUID, a user readable error
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can be returned.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>Below is a sample shell script output for a binary that contains two architectures:
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<code><pre><tt>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
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<plist version="1.0">
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<dict>
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<key>23516BE4-29BE-350C-91C9-F36E7999F0F1</key>
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<dict>
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<key>DBGArchitecture</key>
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<string>i386</string>
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<key>DBGBuildSourcePath</key>
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<string>/path/to/build/sources</string>
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<key>DBGSourcePath</key>
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<string>/path/to/actual/sources</string>
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<key>DBGDSYMPath</key>
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<string>/path/to/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/foo</string>
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<key>DBGSymbolRichExecutable</key>
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<string>/path/to/unstripped/exectuable</string>
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</dict>
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<key>A40597AA-5529-3337-8C09-D8A014EB1578</key>
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<dict>
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<key>DBGArchitecture</key>
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<string>x86_64</string>
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<key>DBGBuildSourcePath</key>
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<string>/path/to/build/sources</string>
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<key>DBGSourcePath</key>
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<string>/path/to/actual/sources</string>
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<key>DBGDSYMPath</key>
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<string>/path/to/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/foo</string>
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<key>DBGSymbolRichExecutable</key>
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<string>/path/to/unstripped/exectuable</string>
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</dict>
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</dict>
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</plist>
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</tt></pre></code>
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2012-11-20 01:38:24 +08:00
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<p>There is no timeout imposed on a shell script when is it asked to locate a dSYM file, so be careful to not make a shell
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script that has high latency or takes a long time to download unless this
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is really what you want. This can slow down debug sessions in LLDB and GDB, symbolication
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with CoreSymbolication or Report Crash, with no visible feedback to the user. You can
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quickly return a plist with a single <b>DBGError</b> key that indicates a timeout
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has been reached. You might also want to exec new processes to do the downloads so
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that if you return an error that indicates a timeout, your download can still proceed
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after your shell script has exited so subsequent debug sessions can use the cached files.
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It is also important to track when a current download is in progress in case you get multiple requests for the same UUID so
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that you don't end up downloading the same file simultaneously. Also you will want
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to verify the download was successful and then and only then place the file into the
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cache for tools that will cache files locally.
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2012-11-17 07:50:32 +08:00
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</div>
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<div class="postfooter"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="post">
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<h1 class="postheader">Embedding UUID property lists inside the dSYM bundles</h1>
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<div class="postcontent">
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<p>Since dSYM files are bundles, you can also place UUID info plists files inside
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your dSYM bundles in the <b>Contents/Resources</b> directory. One of the main
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reasons to create the UUID plists inside the dSYM bundles
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is that it will help LLDB and other developer tools show you source. LLDB currently
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knows how to check for these plist files so it can automatically remap the source
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location information in the debug info.
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<p>If we take the two UUID values from the returns plist above, we can split
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them out and save then in the dSYM bundle:
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<code><pre><tt><b>% ls /path/to/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources</b>
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23516BE4-29BE-350C-91C9-F36E7999F0F1.plist
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A40597AA-5529-3337-8C09-D8A014EB1578.plist
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<b>% cat /path/to/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources/23516BE4-29BE-350C-91C9-F36E7999F0F1.plist</b>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
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<plist version="1.0">
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<dict>
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<key>DBGArchitecture</key>
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<string>i386</string>
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<key>DBGBuildSourcePath</key>
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<string>/path/to/build/sources</string>
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<key>DBGSourcePath</key>
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<string>/path/to/actual/sources</string>
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<key>DBGDSYMPath</key>
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<string>/path/to/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/foo</string>
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<key>DBGSymbolRichExecutable</key>
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<string>/path/to/unstripped/exectuable</string>
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</dict>
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</plist>
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</tt></pre></code>
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<p>Note that the output is very close to what is needed by shell script output,
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so making the results of your shell script will be very easy to create by
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combining two plists into a single one where you take the UUID and use it a
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string key, and the value is the contents of the plist.
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</div>
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<div class="postfooter"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="post">
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<h1 class="postheader">File Mapped UUID Directories</h1>
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<div class="postcontent">
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<p>File Mapped directories can be used for efficient dSYM file lookups for
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local or remote dSYM files. The UUID is broken up by splitting the first
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20 hex digits into 4 character chunks, and a directory is created for each
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chunk, and each subsequent directory is created inside the previous one.
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A symlink is then created whose name is the last 12 hex digits in the deepest
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directory. The symlinks value is a full path to the mach-o files inside the
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dSYM bundle which contains the DWARF. Whenever DebugSymbols.framework is asked
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to lookup a dSYM file, it will first look in any file mapped UUID directories
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for a quick match if the defaults are appropriately set.
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<p>For example, if we take the sample UUID plist inforamtion from above, we
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can create a File Mapped UUID directory cache in <b>~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids</b>.
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We can easily see how things are laid out:
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<code><pre><tt><b>% find ~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids -type l</b>
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~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids/2351/6BE4/29BE/350C/91C9/F36E7999F0F1
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~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids/A405/97AA/5529/3337/8C09/D8A014EB1578
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</tt></pre></code>
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<p>The last entries in these file mapped directories are symlinks to the actual dsym mach file in the dsym bundle:
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<code><pre><tt><b>% ls -lAF ~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids/2351/6BE4/29BE/350C/91C9/F36E7999F0F1</b>
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~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids/2351/6BE4/29BE/350C/91C9/F36E7999F0F1@ -> ../../../../../../dsyms/foo.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/foo
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</tt></pre></code>
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<p>Then you can also tell DebugSymbols to check this UUID file map cache using:
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<code><pre><tt><b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGFileMappedPaths ~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids</b>
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</tt></pre></code>
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</div>
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<div class="postfooter"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="post">
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<h1 class="postheader">dSYM Locating Shell Script Tips</h1>
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<div class="postcontent">
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<p>One possible implementation of a dSYM finding shell script is to have the script
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download and cache files locally in a known location. Then create a UUID map
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for each UUID value that was found in a local UUID File Map cache so the next query for the dSYM
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file will be able to use the cached version. So the shell script is used to
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initially download and cache the file, and subsequent accesses will use the
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cache and avoid calling the shell script.
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<p>Then the defaults for DebugSymbols.framework will entail enabling your shell script,
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enabling the file mapped path setting so that already downloaded dSYMS fill quickly
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be found without needing to run the shell script every time, and also leaving spotlight enabled
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so that other normal dSYM files are still found:
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<code><pre><tt><b>% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGShellCommands /path/to/shellscript
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% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGFileMappedPaths ~/Library/SymbolCache/dsyms/uuids
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% defaults write com.apple.DebugSymbols DBGSpotlightPaths -array</b>
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</tt></pre></code>
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Hopefully this helps explain how DebugSymbols.framework can help any company
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implement a smart symbol finding and caching with minimal overhead.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="postfooter"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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