llvm-project/llvm/tools/sancov/sancov.cc

//===-- sancov.cc --------------------------------------------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file is a command-line tool for reading and analyzing sanitizer
// coverage.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/DebugInfo/Symbolize/Symbolize.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfo.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCContext.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCDisassembler.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCInst.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCInstPrinter.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCInstrAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCInstrInfo.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCObjectFileInfo.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCRegisterInfo.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCSubtargetInfo.h"
#include "llvm/Object/Binary.h"
#include "llvm/Object/ObjectFile.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Errc.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorOr.h"
#include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
#include "llvm/Support/LineIterator.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ManagedStatic.h"
#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
#include "llvm/Support/PrettyStackTrace.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Signals.h"
#include "llvm/Support/TargetRegistry.h"
#include "llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"

#include <set>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace llvm;

namespace {

// --------- COMMAND LINE FLAGS ---------

enum ActionType {
  PrintAction,
  CoveredFunctionsAction,
  NotCoveredFunctionsAction
};

cl::opt<ActionType> Action(
    cl::desc("Action (required)"), cl::Required,
    cl::values(clEnumValN(PrintAction, "print", "Print coverage addresses"),
               clEnumValN(CoveredFunctionsAction, "covered-functions",
                          "Print all covered funcions."),
               clEnumValN(NotCoveredFunctionsAction, "not-covered-functions",
                          "Print all not covered funcions."),
               clEnumValEnd));

static cl::list<std::string> ClInputFiles(cl::Positional, cl::OneOrMore,
                                          cl::desc("<filenames...>"));

static cl::opt<std::string>
    ClBinaryName("obj", cl::Required,
                 cl::desc("Path to object file to be symbolized"));

static cl::opt<bool>
    ClDemangle("demangle", cl::init(true),
        cl::desc("Print demangled function name."));

static cl::opt<std::string> ClStripPathPrefix(
    "strip_path_prefix", cl::init(""),
    cl::desc("Strip this prefix from file paths in reports."));

// --------- FORMAT SPECIFICATION ---------

struct FileHeader {
  uint32_t Bitness;
  uint32_t Magic;
};

static const uint32_t BinCoverageMagic = 0xC0BFFFFF;
static const uint32_t Bitness32 = 0xFFFFFF32;
static const uint32_t Bitness64 = 0xFFFFFF64;

// ---------

static void FailIfError(std::error_code Error) {
  if (!Error)
    return;
  errs() << "Error: " << Error.message() << "(" << Error.value() << ")\n";
  exit(1);
}

template <typename T> static void FailIfError(const ErrorOr<T> &E) {
  FailIfError(E.getError());
}

static void FailIfNotEmpty(const std::string &E) {
  if (E.empty())
    return;
  errs() << "Error: " << E << "\n";
  exit(1);
}

template <typename T>
static void FailIfEmpty(const std::unique_ptr<T> &Ptr,
                        const std::string &Message) {
  if (Ptr.get())
    return;
  errs() << "Error: " << Message << "\n";
  exit(1);
}

template <typename T>
static void readInts(const char *Start, const char *End,
                     std::set<uint64_t> *Ints) {
  const T *S = reinterpret_cast<const T *>(Start);
  const T *E = reinterpret_cast<const T *>(End);
  std::copy(S, E, std::inserter(*Ints, Ints->end()));
}

struct FileLoc {
  bool operator<(const FileLoc &RHS) const {
    return std::tie(FileName, Line) < std::tie(RHS.FileName, RHS.Line);
  }

  std::string FileName;
  uint32_t Line;
};

struct FunctionLoc {
  bool operator<(const FunctionLoc &RHS) const {
    return std::tie(Loc, FunctionName) < std::tie(RHS.Loc, RHS.FunctionName);
  }

  FileLoc Loc;
  std::string FunctionName;
};

std::string stripPathPrefix(std::string Path) {
  if (ClStripPathPrefix.empty())
    return Path;
  size_t Pos = Path.find(ClStripPathPrefix);
  if (Pos == std::string::npos)
    return Path;
  return Path.substr(Pos + ClStripPathPrefix.size());
}

// Compute [FileLoc -> FunctionName] map for given addresses.
static std::map<FileLoc, std::string>
computeFunctionsMap(const std::set<uint64_t> &Addrs) {
  std::map<FileLoc, std::string> Fns;

  symbolize::LLVMSymbolizer::Options SymbolizerOptions;
  SymbolizerOptions.Demangle = ClDemangle;
  SymbolizerOptions.UseSymbolTable = true;
  symbolize::LLVMSymbolizer Symbolizer(SymbolizerOptions);

  // Fill in Fns map.
  for (auto Addr : Addrs) {
    auto InliningInfo = Symbolizer.symbolizeInlinedCode(ClBinaryName, Addr);
    FailIfError(InliningInfo);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < InliningInfo->getNumberOfFrames(); ++i) {
      auto FrameInfo = InliningInfo->getFrame(i);
      SmallString<256> FileName(FrameInfo.FileName);
      sys::path::remove_dots(FileName, /* remove_dot_dot */ true);
      FileLoc Loc = {FileName.str(), FrameInfo.Line};
      Fns[Loc] = FrameInfo.FunctionName;
    }
  }

  return Fns;
}

// Compute functions for given addresses. It keeps only the first
// occurence of a function within a file.
std::set<FunctionLoc> computeFunctionLocs(const std::set<uint64_t> &Addrs) {
  std::map<FileLoc, std::string> Fns = computeFunctionsMap(Addrs);

  std::set<FunctionLoc> result;
  std::string LastFileName;
  std::set<std::string> ProcessedFunctions;

  for (const auto &P : Fns) {
    std::string FileName = P.first.FileName;
    std::string FunctionName = P.second;

    if (LastFileName != FileName)
      ProcessedFunctions.clear();
    LastFileName = FileName;

    if (!ProcessedFunctions.insert(FunctionName).second)
      continue;

    result.insert(FunctionLoc{P.first, P.second});
  }

  return result;
}

// Locate __sanitizer_cov function address.
static uint64_t findSanitizerCovFunction(const object::ObjectFile &O) {
  for (const object::SymbolRef &Symbol : O.symbols()) {
    ErrorOr<uint64_t> AddressOrErr = Symbol.getAddress();
    FailIfError(AddressOrErr);

    ErrorOr<StringRef> Name = Symbol.getName();
    FailIfError(Name);

    if (Name.get() == "__sanitizer_cov") {
      return AddressOrErr.get();
    }
  }
  FailIfNotEmpty("__sanitizer_cov not found");
  return 0; // not reachable.
}

// Locate addresses of all coverage points in a file. Coverage point
// is defined as the 'address of instruction following __sanitizer_cov
// call - 1'.
static void getObjectCoveragePoints(const object::ObjectFile &O,
                                    std::set<uint64_t> *Addrs) {
  Triple TheTriple("unknown-unknown-unknown");
  TheTriple.setArch(Triple::ArchType(O.getArch()));
  auto TripleName = TheTriple.getTriple();

  std::string Error;
  const Target *TheTarget = TargetRegistry::lookupTarget(TripleName, Error);
  FailIfNotEmpty(Error);

  std::unique_ptr<const MCSubtargetInfo> STI(
      TheTarget->createMCSubtargetInfo(TripleName, "", ""));
  FailIfEmpty(STI, "no subtarget info for target " + TripleName);

  std::unique_ptr<const MCRegisterInfo> MRI(
      TheTarget->createMCRegInfo(TripleName));
  FailIfEmpty(MRI, "no register info for target " + TripleName);

  std::unique_ptr<const MCAsmInfo> AsmInfo(
      TheTarget->createMCAsmInfo(*MRI, TripleName));
  FailIfEmpty(AsmInfo, "no asm info for target " + TripleName);

  std::unique_ptr<const MCObjectFileInfo> MOFI(new MCObjectFileInfo);
  MCContext Ctx(AsmInfo.get(), MRI.get(), MOFI.get());
  std::unique_ptr<MCDisassembler> DisAsm(
      TheTarget->createMCDisassembler(*STI, Ctx));
  FailIfEmpty(DisAsm, "no disassembler info for target " + TripleName);

  std::unique_ptr<const MCInstrInfo> MII(TheTarget->createMCInstrInfo());
  FailIfEmpty(MII, "no instruction info for target " + TripleName);

  std::unique_ptr<const MCInstrAnalysis> MIA(
      TheTarget->createMCInstrAnalysis(MII.get()));
  FailIfEmpty(MIA, "no instruction analysis info for target " + TripleName);

  uint64_t SanCovAddr = findSanitizerCovFunction(O);

  for (const auto Section : O.sections()) {
    if (Section.isVirtual() || !Section.isText()) // llvm-objdump does the same.
      continue;
    uint64_t SectionAddr = Section.getAddress();
    uint64_t SectSize = Section.getSize();
    if (!SectSize)
      continue;

    StringRef SectionName;
    FailIfError(Section.getName(SectionName));

    StringRef BytesStr;
    FailIfError(Section.getContents(BytesStr));
    ArrayRef<uint8_t> Bytes(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(BytesStr.data()),
                            BytesStr.size());

    for (uint64_t Index = 0, Size = 0; Index < Section.getSize();
         Index += Size) {
      MCInst Inst;
      if (!DisAsm->getInstruction(Inst, Size, Bytes.slice(Index),
                                  SectionAddr + Index, nulls(), nulls())) {
        if (Size == 0)
          Size = 1;
        continue;
      }
      uint64_t Target;
      if (MIA->isCall(Inst) &&
          MIA->evaluateBranch(Inst, SectionAddr + Index, Size, Target)) {
        if (Target == SanCovAddr) {
          // Sanitizer coverage uses the address of the next instruction - 1.
          Addrs->insert(Index + SectionAddr + Size - 1);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

static void getArchiveCoveragePoints(const object::Archive &A,
                                     std::set<uint64_t> *Addrs) {
  for (auto &ErrorOrChild : A.children()) {
    FailIfError(ErrorOrChild);
    const object::Archive::Child &C = *ErrorOrChild;
    ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<object::Binary>> ChildOrErr = C.getAsBinary();
    FailIfError(ChildOrErr);
    if (object::ObjectFile *O =
            dyn_cast<object::ObjectFile>(&*ChildOrErr.get()))
      getObjectCoveragePoints(*O, Addrs);
    else
      FailIfError(object::object_error::invalid_file_type);
  }
}

// Locate addresses of all coverage points in a file. Coverage point
// is defined as the 'address of instruction following __sanitizer_cov
// call - 1'.
std::set<uint64_t> getCoveragePoints(std::string FileName) {
  std::set<uint64_t> Result;

  ErrorOr<object::OwningBinary<object::Binary>> BinaryOrErr =
      object::createBinary(FileName);
  FailIfError(BinaryOrErr);

  object::Binary &Binary = *BinaryOrErr.get().getBinary();
  if (object::Archive *A = dyn_cast<object::Archive>(&Binary))
    getArchiveCoveragePoints(*A, &Result);
  else if (object::ObjectFile *O = dyn_cast<object::ObjectFile>(&Binary))
    getObjectCoveragePoints(*O, &Result);
  else
    FailIfError(object::object_error::invalid_file_type);

  return Result;
}

static void printFunctionLocs(const std::set<FunctionLoc> &FnLocs,
                              raw_ostream &OS) {
  for (const FunctionLoc &FnLoc : FnLocs) {
    OS << stripPathPrefix(FnLoc.Loc.FileName) << ":" << FnLoc.Loc.Line << " "
       << FnLoc.FunctionName << "\n";
  }
}

class CoverageData {
 public:
  // Read single file coverage data.
  static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>> read(std::string FileName) {
    ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> BufOrErr =
        MemoryBuffer::getFile(FileName);
    if (!BufOrErr)
      return BufOrErr.getError();
    std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer> Buf = std::move(BufOrErr.get());
    if (Buf->getBufferSize() < 8) {
      errs() << "File too small (<8): " << Buf->getBufferSize();
      return make_error_code(errc::illegal_byte_sequence);
    }
    const FileHeader *Header =
        reinterpret_cast<const FileHeader *>(Buf->getBufferStart());

    if (Header->Magic != BinCoverageMagic) {
      errs() << "Wrong magic: " << Header->Magic;
      return make_error_code(errc::illegal_byte_sequence);
    }

    auto Addrs = llvm::make_unique<std::set<uint64_t>>();

    switch (Header->Bitness) {
    case Bitness64:
      readInts<uint64_t>(Buf->getBufferStart() + 8, Buf->getBufferEnd(),
                         Addrs.get());
      break;
    case Bitness32:
      readInts<uint32_t>(Buf->getBufferStart() + 8, Buf->getBufferEnd(),
                         Addrs.get());
      break;
    default:
      errs() << "Unsupported bitness: " << Header->Bitness;
      return make_error_code(errc::illegal_byte_sequence);
    }

    return std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>(new CoverageData(std::move(Addrs)));
  }

  // Merge multiple coverage data together.
  static std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>
  merge(const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>> &Covs) {
    auto Addrs = llvm::make_unique<std::set<uint64_t>>();

    for (const auto &Cov : Covs)
      Addrs->insert(Cov->Addrs->begin(), Cov->Addrs->end());

    return std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>(new CoverageData(std::move(Addrs)));
  }

  // Read list of files and merges their coverage info.
  static ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>>
  readAndMerge(const std::vector<std::string> &FileNames) {
    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CoverageData>> Covs;
    for (const auto &FileName : FileNames) {
      auto Cov = read(FileName);
      if (!Cov)
        return Cov.getError();
      Covs.push_back(std::move(Cov.get()));
    }
    return merge(Covs);
  }

  // Print coverage addresses.
  void printAddrs(raw_ostream &OS) {
    for (auto Addr : *Addrs) {
      OS << "0x";
      OS.write_hex(Addr);
      OS << "\n";
    }
  }

  // Print list of covered functions.
  // Line format: <file_name>:<line> <function_name>
  void printCoveredFunctions(raw_ostream &OS) {
    printFunctionLocs(computeFunctionLocs(*Addrs), OS);
  }

  // Print list of not covered functions.
  // Line format: <file_name>:<line> <function_name>
  void printNotCoveredFunctions(raw_ostream &OS) {
    std::set<FunctionLoc> AllFns =
        computeFunctionLocs(getCoveragePoints(ClBinaryName));
    std::set<FunctionLoc> CoveredFns = computeFunctionLocs(*Addrs);

    std::set<FunctionLoc> NotCoveredFns;
    std::set_difference(AllFns.begin(), AllFns.end(), CoveredFns.begin(),
                        CoveredFns.end(),
                        std::inserter(NotCoveredFns, NotCoveredFns.end()));
    printFunctionLocs(NotCoveredFns, OS);
  }

private:
  explicit CoverageData(std::unique_ptr<std::set<uint64_t>> Addrs)
      : Addrs(std::move(Addrs)) {}

  std::unique_ptr<std::set<uint64_t>> Addrs;
};
} // namespace

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  // Print stack trace if we signal out.
  sys::PrintStackTraceOnErrorSignal();
  PrettyStackTraceProgram X(argc, argv);
  llvm_shutdown_obj Y; // Call llvm_shutdown() on exit.

  llvm::InitializeAllTargetInfos();
  llvm::InitializeAllTargetMCs();
  llvm::InitializeAllDisassemblers();

  cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv, "Sanitizer Coverage Processing Tool");

  auto CovData = CoverageData::readAndMerge(ClInputFiles);
  FailIfError(CovData);

  switch (Action) {
  case PrintAction: {
    CovData.get()->printAddrs(outs());
    return 0;
  }
  case CoveredFunctionsAction: {
    CovData.get()->printCoveredFunctions(outs());
    return 0;
  }
  case NotCoveredFunctionsAction: {
    CovData.get()->printNotCoveredFunctions(outs());
    return 0;
  }
  }

  llvm_unreachable("unsupported action");
}