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<TITLE>LAMMPS Users Manual</TITLE>
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<META NAME="docnumber" CONTENT="2 Sep 2015 version">
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<META NAME="author" CONTENT="http://lammps.sandia.gov - Sandia National Laboratories">
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<META NAME="copyright" CONTENT="Copyright (2003) Sandia Corporation. This software and manual is distributed under the GNU General Public License.">
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<CENTER><A HREF = "http://lammps.sandia.gov">LAMMPS WWW Site</A> - <A HREF = "Manual.html">LAMMPS Documentation</A> - <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#comm">LAMMPS Commands</A>
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<title>LAMMPS Documentation — LAMMPS 15 May 2015 version documentation</title>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html">1. Introduction</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html">2. Getting Started</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html">3. Commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html">4. Packages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_accelerate.html">5. Accelerating LAMMPS performance</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html">6. How-to discussions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html">10. Modifying & extending LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html">11. Python interface to LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html">12. Errors</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_history.html">13. Future and history</a></li>
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<CENTER><H3>LAMMPS Documentation
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</H3></CENTER>
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<CENTER><H4>2 Sep 2015 version
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</H4></CENTER>
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<H4>Version info:
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</H4>
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<P>The LAMMPS "version" is the date when it was released, such as 1 May
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<a href="Section_commands.html#comm">Commands</a>
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<div role="main" class="document" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
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<H1></H1><div class="section" id="lammps-documentation">
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<h1>LAMMPS Documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#lammps-documentation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<div class="section" id="aug-2015-version">
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<h2>10 Aug 2015 version<a class="headerlink" href="#aug-2015-version" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="version-info">
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<h2>Version info:<a class="headerlink" href="#version-info" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>The LAMMPS “version” is the date when it was released, such as 1 May
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2010. LAMMPS is updated continuously. Whenever we fix a bug or add a
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feature, we release it immediately, and post a notice on <A HREF = "http://lammps.sandia.gov/bug.html">this page of
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the WWW site</A>. Each dated copy of LAMMPS contains all the
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feature, we release it immediately, and post a notice on <a class="reference external" href="http://lammps.sandia.gov/bug.html">this page of the WWW site</a>. Each dated copy of LAMMPS contains all the
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features and bug-fixes up to and including that version date. The
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version date is printed to the screen and logfile every time you run
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LAMMPS. It is also in the file src/version.h and in the LAMMPS
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directory name created when you unpack a tarball, and at the top of
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the first page of the manual (this page).
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</P>
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<UL><LI>If you browse the HTML doc pages on the LAMMPS WWW site, they always
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describe the most current version of LAMMPS.
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<LI>If you browse the HTML doc pages included in your tarball, they
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describe the version you have.
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<LI>The <A HREF = "Manual.pdf">PDF file</A> on the WWW site or in the tarball is updated
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about once per month. This is because it is large, and we don't want
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it to be part of every patch.
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<LI>There is also a <A HREF = "Developer.pdf">Developer.pdf</A> file in the doc
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the first page of the manual (this page).</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li>If you browse the HTML doc pages on the LAMMPS WWW site, they always
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describe the most current version of LAMMPS.</li>
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<li>If you browse the HTML doc pages included in your tarball, they
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describe the version you have.</li>
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<li>The <a class="reference external" href="Manual.pdf">PDF file</a> on the WWW site or in the tarball is updated
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about once per month. This is because it is large, and we don’t want
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it to be part of every patch.</li>
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<li>There is also a <a class="reference external" href="Developer.pdf">Developer.pdf</a> file in the doc
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directory, which describes the internal structure and algorithms of
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LAMMPS.
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</UL>
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<P>LAMMPS stands for Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel
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Simulator.
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</P>
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<P>LAMMPS is a classical molecular dynamics simulation code designed to
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LAMMPS.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>LAMMPS stands for Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel
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Simulator.</p>
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<p>LAMMPS is a classical molecular dynamics simulation code designed to
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run efficiently on parallel computers. It was developed at Sandia
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National Laboratories, a US Department of Energy facility, with
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funding from the DOE. It is an open-source code, distributed freely
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under the terms of the GNU Public License (GPL).
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</P>
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<P>The primary developers of LAMMPS are <A HREF = "http://www.sandia.gov/~sjplimp">Steve Plimpton</A>, Aidan
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under the terms of the GNU Public License (GPL).</p>
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<p>The primary developers of LAMMPS are <a class="reference external" href="http://www.sandia.gov/~sjplimp">Steve Plimpton</a>, Aidan
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Thompson, and Paul Crozier who can be contacted at
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sjplimp,athomps,pscrozi at sandia.gov. The <A HREF = "http://lammps.sandia.gov">LAMMPS WWW Site</A> at
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http://lammps.sandia.gov has more information about the code and its
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uses.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<P>The LAMMPS documentation is organized into the following sections. If
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sjplimp,athomps,pscrozi at sandia.gov. The <a class="reference external" href="http://lammps.sandia.gov">LAMMPS WWW Site</a> at
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<a class="reference external" href="http://lammps.sandia.gov">http://lammps.sandia.gov</a> has more information about the code and its
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uses.</p>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<p>The LAMMPS documentation is organized into the following sections. If
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you find errors or omissions in this manual or have suggestions for
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useful information to add, please send an email to the developers so
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we can improve the LAMMPS documentation.
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</P>
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<P>Once you are familiar with LAMMPS, you may want to bookmark <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#comm">this
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page</A> at Section_commands.html#comm since
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it gives quick access to documentation for all LAMMPS commands.
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</P>
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<P><A HREF = "Manual.pdf">PDF file</A> of the entire manual, generated by
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<A HREF = "http://freecode.com/projects/htmldoc">htmldoc</A>
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</P>
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<P><!-- RST
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</P>
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<P>.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 2
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:numbered: // comment
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</P>
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<P> Section_intro
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Section_start
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Section_commands
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Section_packages
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Section_accelerate
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Section_howto
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Section_example
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Section_perf
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Section_tools
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Section_modify
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Section_python
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Section_errors
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Section_history
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</P>
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<P>Indices and tables
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==================
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</P>
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<P>* :ref:`genindex` // comment
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* :ref:`search` // comment
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</P>
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<P>END_RST -->
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</P>
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<OL><LI><!-- HTML_ONLY -->
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<A HREF = "Section_intro.html">Introduction</A>
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<UL> 1.1 <A HREF = "Section_intro.html#intro_1">What is LAMMPS</A>
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<BR>
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1.2 <A HREF = "Section_intro.html#intro_2">LAMMPS features</A>
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<BR>
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1.3 <A HREF = "Section_intro.html#intro_3">LAMMPS non-features</A>
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<BR>
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1.4 <A HREF = "Section_intro.html#intro_4">Open source distribution</A>
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<BR>
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1.5 <A HREF = "Section_intro.html#intro_5">Acknowledgments and citations</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_start.html">Getting started</A>
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<UL> 2.1 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_1">What's in the LAMMPS distribution</A>
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<BR>
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2.2 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_2">Making LAMMPS</A>
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<BR>
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2.3 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_3">Making LAMMPS with optional packages</A>
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<BR>
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2.4 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_4">Building LAMMPS via the Make.py script</A>
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<BR>
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2.5 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_5">Building LAMMPS as a library</A>
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<BR>
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2.6 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_6">Running LAMMPS</A>
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<BR>
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2.7 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_7">Command-line options</A>
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<BR>
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2.8 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_8">Screen output</A>
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<BR>
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2.9 <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_9">Tips for users of previous versions</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_commands.html">Commands</A>
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<UL> 3.1 <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#cmd_1">LAMMPS input script</A>
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<BR>
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3.2 <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#cmd_2">Parsing rules</A>
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<BR>
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3.3 <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#cmd_3">Input script structure</A>
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3.4 <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#cmd_4">Commands listed by category</A>
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3.5 <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#cmd_5">Commands listed alphabetically</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_packages.html">Packages</A>
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<UL> 4.1 <A HREF = "Section_packages.html#pkg_1">Standard packages</A>
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<BR>
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4.2 <A HREF = "Section_packages.html#pkg_2">User packages</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html">Accelerating LAMMPS performance</A>
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<UL> 5.1 <A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html#acc_1">Measuring performance</A>
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<BR>
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5.2 <A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html#acc_2">Algorithms and code options to boost performace</A>
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<BR>
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5.3 <A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html#acc_3">Accelerator packages with optimized styles</A>
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<BR>
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<UL> 5.3.1 <A HREF = "accelerate_cuda.html">USER-CUDA package</A>
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<BR>
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5.3.2 <A HREF = "accelerate_gpu.html">GPU package</A>
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<BR>
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5.3.3 <A HREF = "accelerate_intel.html">USER-INTEL package</A>
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<BR>
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5.3.4 <A HREF = "accelerate_kokkos.html">KOKKOS package</A>
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<BR>
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5.3.5 <A HREF = "accelerate_omp.html">USER-OMP package</A>
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<BR>
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5.3.6 <A HREF = "accelerate_opt.html">OPT package</A>
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<BR></UL>
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5.4 <A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html#acc_4">Comparison of various accelerator packages</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_howto.html">How-to discussions</A>
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<UL> 6.1 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_1">Restarting a simulation</A>
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6.2 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_2">2d simulations</A>
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6.3 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_3">CHARMM and AMBER force fields</A>
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<BR>
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6.4 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_4">Running multiple simulations from one input script</A>
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<BR>
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6.5 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_5">Multi-replica simulations</A>
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<BR>
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6.6 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_6">Granular models</A>
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<BR>
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6.7 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_7">TIP3P water model</A>
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<BR>
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6.8 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_8">TIP4P water model</A>
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<BR>
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6.9 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_9">SPC water model</A>
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<BR>
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6.10 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_10">Coupling LAMMPS to other codes</A>
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<BR>
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6.11 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_11">Visualizing LAMMPS snapshots</A>
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<BR>
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6.12 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_12">Triclinic (non-orthogonal) simulation boxes</A>
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<BR>
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6.13 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_13">NEMD simulations</A>
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<BR>
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6.14 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_14">Finite-size spherical and aspherical particles</A>
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<BR>
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6.15 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_15">Output from LAMMPS (thermo, dumps, computes, fixes, variables)</A>
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<BR>
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6.16 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_16">Thermostatting, barostatting, and compute temperature</A>
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<BR>
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6.17 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_17">Walls</A>
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<BR>
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6.18 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_18">Elastic constants</A>
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<BR>
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6.19 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_19">Library interface to LAMMPS</A>
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<BR>
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6.20 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_20">Calculating thermal conductivity</A>
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<BR>
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6.21 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_21">Calculating viscosity</A>
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<BR>
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6.22 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_22">Calculating a diffusion coefficient</A>
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<BR>
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6.23 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_23">Using chunks to calculate system properties</A>
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<BR>
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6.24 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_24">Setting parameters for pppm/disp</A>
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<BR>
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6.25 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_25">Polarizable models</A>
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<BR>
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6.26 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_26">Adiabatic core/shell model</A>
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<BR>
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6.27 <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_27">Drude induced dipoles</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_example.html">Example problems</A>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_perf.html">Performance & scalability</A>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_tools.html">Additional tools</A>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_modify.html">Modifying & extending LAMMPS</A>
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<UL> 10.1 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_1">Atom styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.2 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_2">Bond, angle, dihedral, improper potentials</A>
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<BR>
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10.3 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_3">Compute styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.4 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_4">Dump styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.5 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_5">Dump custom output options</A>
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<BR>
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10.6 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_6">Fix styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.7 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_7">Input script commands</A>
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<BR>
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10.8 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_8">Kspace computations</A>
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<BR>
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10.9 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_9">Minimization styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.10 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_10">Pairwise potentials</A>
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<BR>
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10.11 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_11">Region styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.12 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_12">Body styles</A>
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<BR>
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10.13 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_13">Thermodynamic output options</A>
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<BR>
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10.14 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_14">Variable options</A>
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<BR>
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10.15 <A HREF = "Section_modify.html#mod_15">Submitting new features for inclusion in LAMMPS</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_python.html">Python interface</A>
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<UL> 11.1 <A HREF = "Section_python.html#py_1">Overview of running LAMMPS from Python</A>
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<BR>
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11.2 <A HREF = "Section_python.html#py_2">Overview of using Python from a LAMMPS script</A>
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<BR>
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11.3 <A HREF = "Section_python.html#py_3">Building LAMMPS as a shared library</A>
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<BR>
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11.4 <A HREF = "Section_python.html#py_4">Installing the Python wrapper into Python</A>
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<BR>
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11.5 <A HREF = "Section_python.html#py_5">Extending Python with MPI to run in parallel</A>
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<BR>
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11.6 <A HREF = "Section_python.html#py_6">Testing the Python-LAMMPS interface</A>
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<BR>
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11.7 <A HREF = "py_7">Using LAMMPS from Python</A>
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<BR>
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11.8 <A HREF = "py_8">Example Python scripts that use LAMMPS</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_errors.html">Errors</A>
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<UL> 12.1 <A HREF = "Section_errors.html#err_1">Common problems</A>
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12.2 <A HREF = "Section_errors.html#err_2">Reporting bugs</A>
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12.3 <A HREF = "Section_errors.html#err_3">Error & warning messages</A>
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<BR></UL>
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<LI><A HREF = "Section_history.html">Future and history</A>
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<UL> 13.1 <A HREF = "Section_history.html#hist_1">Coming attractions</A>
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13.2 <A HREF = "Section_history.html#hist_2">Past versions</A>
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<BR></UL>
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</OL>
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we can improve the LAMMPS documentation.</p>
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<p>Once you are familiar with LAMMPS, you may want to bookmark <a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#comm"><span>this page</span></a> at Section_commands.html#comm since
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it gives quick access to documentation for all LAMMPS commands.</p>
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<p><a class="reference external" href="Manual.pdf">PDF file</a> of the entire manual, generated by
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<a class="reference external" href="http://freecode.com/projects/htmldoc">htmldoc</a></p>
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<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
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<ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html">1. Introduction</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html#what-is-lammps">1.1. What is LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html#lammps-features">1.2. LAMMPS features</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html#lammps-non-features">1.3. LAMMPS non-features</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html#open-source-distribution">1.4. Open source distribution</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_intro.html#acknowledgments-and-citations">1.5. Acknowledgments and citations</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html">2. Getting Started</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#what-s-in-the-lammps-distribution">2.1. What’s in the LAMMPS distribution</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#making-lammps">2.2. Making LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#making-lammps-with-optional-packages">2.3. Making LAMMPS with optional packages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#building-lammps-via-the-make-py-script">2.4. Building LAMMPS via the Make.py script</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#building-lammps-as-a-library">2.5. Building LAMMPS as a library</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#running-lammps">2.6. Running LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#command-line-options">2.7. Command-line options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#lammps-screen-output">2.8. LAMMPS screen output</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_start.html#tips-for-users-of-previous-lammps-versions">2.9. Tips for users of previous LAMMPS versions</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html">3. Commands</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#lammps-input-script">3.1. LAMMPS input script</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#parsing-rules">3.2. Parsing rules</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#input-script-structure">3.3. Input script structure</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#commands-listed-by-category">3.4. Commands listed by category</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#individual-commands">3.5. Individual commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#fix-styles">3.6. Fix styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#compute-styles">3.7. Compute styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#pair-style-potentials">3.8. Pair_style potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#bond-style-potentials">3.9. Bond_style potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#angle-style-potentials">3.10. Angle_style potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#dihedral-style-potentials">3.11. Dihedral_style potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#improper-style-potentials">3.12. Improper_style potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_commands.html#kspace-solvers">3.13. Kspace solvers</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html">4. Packages</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#standard-packages">4.1. Standard packages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-packages">4.2. User packages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-atc-package">4.3. USER-ATC package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-awpmd-package">4.4. USER-AWPMD package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-cg-cmm-package">4.5. USER-CG-CMM package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-colvars-package">4.6. USER-COLVARS package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-cuda-package">4.7. USER-CUDA package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-diffraction-package">4.8. USER-DIFFRACTION package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-drude-package">4.9. USER-DRUDE package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-eff-package">4.10. USER-EFF package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-fep-package">4.11. USER-FEP package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-h5md-package">4.12. USER-H5MD package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-intel-package">4.13. USER-INTEL package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-lb-package">4.14. USER-LB package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-misc-package">4.15. USER-MISC package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-molfile-package">4.16. USER-MOLFILE package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-omp-package">4.17. USER-OMP package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-phonon-package">4.18. USER-PHONON package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-qmmm-package">4.19. USER-QMMM package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-qtb-package">4.20. USER-QTB package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-reaxc-package">4.21. USER-REAXC package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-smd-package">4.22. USER-SMD package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_packages.html#user-sph-package">4.23. USER-SPH package</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_accelerate.html">5. Accelerating LAMMPS performance</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_accelerate.html#measuring-performance">5.1. Measuring performance</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_accelerate.html#general-strategies">5.2. General strategies</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_accelerate.html#packages-with-optimized-styles">5.3. Packages with optimized styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_accelerate.html#comparison-of-various-accelerator-packages">5.4. Comparison of various accelerator packages</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html">6. How-to discussions</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#restarting-a-simulation">6.1. Restarting a simulation</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#d-simulations">6.2. 2d simulations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#charmm-amber-and-dreiding-force-fields">6.3. CHARMM, AMBER, and DREIDING force fields</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#running-multiple-simulations-from-one-input-script">6.4. Running multiple simulations from one input script</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#multi-replica-simulations">6.5. Multi-replica simulations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#granular-models">6.6. Granular models</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#tip3p-water-model">6.7. TIP3P water model</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#tip4p-water-model">6.8. TIP4P water model</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#spc-water-model">6.9. SPC water model</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#coupling-lammps-to-other-codes">6.10. Coupling LAMMPS to other codes</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#visualizing-lammps-snapshots">6.11. Visualizing LAMMPS snapshots</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#triclinic-non-orthogonal-simulation-boxes">6.12. Triclinic (non-orthogonal) simulation boxes</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#nemd-simulations">6.13. NEMD simulations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#finite-size-spherical-and-aspherical-particles">6.14. Finite-size spherical and aspherical particles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#output-from-lammps-thermo-dumps-computes-fixes-variables">6.15. Output from LAMMPS (thermo, dumps, computes, fixes, variables)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#thermostatting-barostatting-and-computing-temperature">6.16. Thermostatting, barostatting, and computing temperature</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#walls">6.17. Walls</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#elastic-constants">6.18. Elastic constants</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#library-interface-to-lammps">6.19. Library interface to LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#calculating-thermal-conductivity">6.20. Calculating thermal conductivity</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#calculating-viscosity">6.21. Calculating viscosity</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#calculating-a-diffusion-coefficient">6.22. Calculating a diffusion coefficient</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#using-chunks-to-calculate-system-properties">6.23. Using chunks to calculate system properties</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#setting-parameters-for-the-kspace-style-pppm-disp-command">6.24. Setting parameters for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kspace_style</span> <span class="pre">pppm/disp</span></code> command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#polarizable-models">6.25. Polarizable models</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#adiabatic-core-shell-model">6.26. Adiabatic core/shell model</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_howto.html#drude-induced-dipoles">6.27. Drude induced dipoles</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_example.html">7. Example problems</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_perf.html">8. Performance & scalability</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html">9. Additional tools</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#amber2lmp-tool">9.1. amber2lmp tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#binary2txt-tool">9.2. binary2txt tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#ch2lmp-tool">9.3. ch2lmp tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#chain-tool">9.4. chain tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#colvars-tools">9.5. colvars tools</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#createatoms-tool">9.6. createatoms tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#data2xmovie-tool">9.7. data2xmovie tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#eam-database-tool">9.8. eam database tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#eam-generate-tool">9.9. eam generate tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#eff-tool">9.10. eff tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#emacs-tool">9.11. emacs tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#fep-tool">9.12. fep tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#i-pi-tool">9.13. i-pi tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#ipp-tool">9.14. ipp tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#kate-tool">9.15. kate tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#lmp2arc-tool">9.16. lmp2arc tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#lmp2cfg-tool">9.17. lmp2cfg tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#lmp2vmd-tool">9.18. lmp2vmd tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#matlab-tool">9.19. matlab tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#micelle2d-tool">9.20. micelle2d tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#moltemplate-tool">9.21. moltemplate tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#msi2lmp-tool">9.22. msi2lmp tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#phonon-tool">9.23. phonon tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#polymer-bonding-tool">9.24. polymer bonding tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#pymol-asphere-tool">9.25. pymol_asphere tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#python-tool">9.26. python tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#reax-tool">9.27. reax tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#restart2data-tool">9.28. restart2data tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#vim-tool">9.29. vim tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#xmgrace-tool">9.30. xmgrace tool</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_tools.html#xmovie-tool">9.31. xmovie tool</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html">10. Modifying & extending LAMMPS</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#atom-styles">10.1. Atom styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#bond-angle-dihedral-improper-potentials">10.2. Bond, angle, dihedral, improper potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#compute-styles">10.3. Compute styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#dump-styles">10.4. Dump styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#dump-custom-output-options">10.5. Dump custom output options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#fix-styles">10.6. Fix styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#input-script-commands">10.7. Input script commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#kspace-computations">10.8. Kspace computations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#minimization-styles">10.9. Minimization styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#pairwise-potentials">10.10. Pairwise potentials</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#region-styles">10.11. Region styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#body-styles">10.12. Body styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#thermodynamic-output-options">10.13. Thermodynamic output options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#variable-options">10.14. Variable options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_modify.html#submitting-new-features-for-inclusion-in-lammps">10.15. Submitting new features for inclusion in LAMMPS</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html">11. Python interface to LAMMPS</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#overview-of-running-lammps-from-python">11.1. Overview of running LAMMPS from Python</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#overview-of-using-python-from-a-lammps-script">11.2. Overview of using Python from a LAMMPS script</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#building-lammps-as-a-shared-library">11.3. Building LAMMPS as a shared library</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#installing-the-python-wrapper-into-python">11.4. Installing the Python wrapper into Python</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#extending-python-with-mpi-to-run-in-parallel">11.5. Extending Python with MPI to run in parallel</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#testing-the-python-lammps-interface">11.6. Testing the Python-LAMMPS interface</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#using-lammps-from-python">11.7. Using LAMMPS from Python</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_python.html#example-python-scripts-that-use-lammps">11.8. Example Python scripts that use LAMMPS</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html">12. Errors</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html#common-problems">12.1. Common problems</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html#reporting-bugs">12.2. Reporting bugs</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html#error-warning-messages">12.3. Error & warning messages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html#error">12.4. Errors:</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_errors.html#warnings">12.5. Warnings:</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_history.html">13. Future and history</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_history.html#coming-attractions">13.1. Coming attractions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Section_history.html#past-versions">13.2. Past versions</a></li>
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