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@ -38,25 +38,26 @@ custom</A> command or <A HREF = "fix_ave_spatial.html">fix ave/spatial</A>
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command or <A HREF = "fix_ave_atom.html">fix ave/atom</A> command. See <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#4_15">this
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section</A> for an overview.
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</P>
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<P>The stress tensor for each atom is given by the following formula.
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where the ab component of stress on atom <I>I</I> is as shown where <I>a</I> and
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<I>b</I> take on values x,y,z to generate the 6 components of the symmetric
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tensor:
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<P>The stress tensor for atom <I>I</I> is given by the following formula,
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where <I>a</I> and <I>b</I> take on values x,y,z to generate the 6 components of
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the symmetric tensor:
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</P>
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<CENTER><IMG SRC = "Eqs/stress_tensor.jpg">
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</CENTER>
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<P>The first term is a kinetic energy contribution for atom <I>I</I>. The
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second term is a pairwise energy contribution where <I>N</I> loops over the
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second term is a pairwise energy contribution where <I>n</I> loops over the
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<I>Np</I> neighbors of atom <I>I</I>, <I>r1</I> and <I>r2</I> are the positions of the 2
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atoms, and <I>F1</I> and <I>F2</I> are the forces on the 2 atoms. The third
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term is a bond contribution for the <I>Nb</I> bonds whihc atom <I>I</I> is part
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of. And similarly for the <I>Na</I> angle, <I>Nd</I> dihedral, and <I>Ni</I>
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improper interactions atom <I>I</I> is part of.
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atoms in the pairwise interaction, and <I>F1</I> and <I>F2</I> are the forces on
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the 2 atoms resulting from the pairwise interaction. The third term
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is a bond contribution of similar form for the <I>Nb</I> bonds which atom
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<I>I</I> is part of. The remaining terms are for the <I>Na</I> angle, <I>Nd</I>
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dihedral, and <I>Ni</I> improper interactions atom <I>I</I> is part of.
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</P>
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<P>As the formula implies, a virial contribution produced by a small set
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of atoms (e.g. 4 atoms in a dihedral or 3 atoms in a Tersoff 3-body
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interaction) is assigned in equal portions to each atom in the set.
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E.g. 1/4 of the dihedral virial to each of the 4 atoms.
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<P>As the coefficients in the formula imply, a virial contribution
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produced by a small set of atoms (e.g. 4 atoms in a dihedral or 3
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atoms in a Tersoff 3-body interaction) is assigned in equal portions
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to each atom in the set. E.g. 1/4 of the dihedral virial to each of
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the 4 atoms.
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</P>
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<P>If no extra keywords are listed, all of the terms in this formula are
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included in the per-atom stress tensor. If any extra keywords are
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@ -34,25 +34,26 @@ custom"_dump.html command or "fix ave/spatial"_fix_ave_spatial.html
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command or "fix ave/atom"_fix_ave_atom.html command. See "this
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section"_Section_howto.html#4_15 for an overview.
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The stress tensor for each atom is given by the following formula.
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where the ab component of stress on atom {I} is as shown where {a} and
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{b} take on values x,y,z to generate the 6 components of the symmetric
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tensor:
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The stress tensor for atom {I} is given by the following formula,
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where {a} and {b} take on values x,y,z to generate the 6 components of
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the symmetric tensor:
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:c,image(Eqs/stress_tensor.jpg)
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The first term is a kinetic energy contribution for atom {I}. The
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second term is a pairwise energy contribution where {N} loops over the
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second term is a pairwise energy contribution where {n} loops over the
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{Np} neighbors of atom {I}, {r1} and {r2} are the positions of the 2
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atoms, and {F1} and {F2} are the forces on the 2 atoms. The third
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term is a bond contribution for the {Nb} bonds whihc atom {I} is part
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of. And similarly for the {Na} angle, {Nd} dihedral, and {Ni}
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improper interactions atom {I} is part of.
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atoms in the pairwise interaction, and {F1} and {F2} are the forces on
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the 2 atoms resulting from the pairwise interaction. The third term
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is a bond contribution of similar form for the {Nb} bonds which atom
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{I} is part of. The remaining terms are for the {Na} angle, {Nd}
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dihedral, and {Ni} improper interactions atom {I} is part of.
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As the formula implies, a virial contribution produced by a small set
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of atoms (e.g. 4 atoms in a dihedral or 3 atoms in a Tersoff 3-body
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interaction) is assigned in equal portions to each atom in the set.
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E.g. 1/4 of the dihedral virial to each of the 4 atoms.
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As the coefficients in the formula imply, a virial contribution
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produced by a small set of atoms (e.g. 4 atoms in a dihedral or 3
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atoms in a Tersoff 3-body interaction) is assigned in equal portions
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to each atom in the set. E.g. 1/4 of the dihedral virial to each of
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the 4 atoms.
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If no extra keywords are listed, all of the terms in this formula are
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included in the per-atom stress tensor. If any extra keywords are
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@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ dihedral_coeff 1 120.0 1 60 0.5
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</CENTER>
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<P>See <A HREF = "#MacKerell">(MacKerell)</A> for a description of the CHARMM force
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field. This dihedral style can also be used for the AMBER force field
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(see the comment on weighting factors below). See
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<A HREF = "#Cornell">(Cornell)</A> for a description of the AMBER force field.
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(see comment on weighting factors below). See <A HREF = "#Cornell">(Cornell)</A>
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for a description of the AMBER force field.
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</P>
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<P>The following coefficients must be defined for each dihedral type via the
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<A HREF = "dihedral_coeff.html">dihedral_coeff</A> command as in the example above, or in
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@ -42,9 +42,11 @@ or <A HREF = "read_restart.html">read_restart</A> commands:
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<LI>weighting factor (0.0 to 1.0)
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</UL>
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<P>The weighting factor is applied to pairwise interaction between the
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1st and 4th atoms in the dihedral. Note that this weighting factor is
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unrelated to the weighting factor specified by the <A HREF = "special_bonds.html">special
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bonds</A> command which applies to all 1-4
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1st and 4th atoms in the dihedral, which are computed by a CHARMM
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<A HREF = "pair_charmm.html">pair_style</A> with epsilon and sigma values specified
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with a <A HREF = "pair_charmm.html">pair_coeff</A> command. Note that this
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weighting factor is unrelated to the weighting factor specified by the
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<A HREF = "special_bonds.html">special bonds</A> command which applies to all 1-4
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interactions in the system.
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</P>
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<P>For CHARMM force fields, the special_bonds 1-4 weighting factor should
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@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ The {charmm} dihedral style uses the potential
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See "(MacKerell)"_#MacKerell for a description of the CHARMM force
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field. This dihedral style can also be used for the AMBER force field
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(see the comment on weighting factors below). See
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"(Cornell)"_#Cornell for a description of the AMBER force field.
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(see comment on weighting factors below). See "(Cornell)"_#Cornell
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for a description of the AMBER force field.
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The following coefficients must be defined for each dihedral type via the
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"dihedral_coeff"_dihedral_coeff.html command as in the example above, or in
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@ -39,9 +39,11 @@ d (integer value of degrees)
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weighting factor (0.0 to 1.0) :ul
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The weighting factor is applied to pairwise interaction between the
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1st and 4th atoms in the dihedral. Note that this weighting factor is
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unrelated to the weighting factor specified by the "special
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bonds"_special_bonds.html command which applies to all 1-4
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1st and 4th atoms in the dihedral, which are computed by a CHARMM
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"pair_style"_pair_charmm.html with epsilon and sigma values specified
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with a "pair_coeff"_pair_charmm.html command. Note that this
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weighting factor is unrelated to the weighting factor specified by the
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"special bonds"_special_bonds.html command which applies to all 1-4
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interactions in the system.
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For CHARMM force fields, the special_bonds 1-4 weighting factor should
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