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@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ volfactor. This turns off all kspace forces in the z direction.
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The <I>nozforce</I> option is not supported by MSM. For MSM, any combination
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The <I>nozforce</I> option is not supported by MSM. For MSM, any combination
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of periodic, non-periodic, or shrink-wrapped boundaries can be set
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of periodic, non-periodic, or shrink-wrapped boundaries can be set
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using <A HREF = "boundary.html">boundary</A> (the slab approximation in not needed).
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using <A HREF = "boundary.html">boundary</A> (the slab approximation in not needed).
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The <I>slab</I> keyword is not currently supported by Ewald or PPPM when
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using a triclinic simulation cell.
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</P>
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</P>
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<P>The <I>compute</I> keyword allows Kspace computations to be turned off,
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<P>The <I>compute</I> keyword allows Kspace computations to be turned off,
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even though a <A HREF = "kspace_style.html">kspace_style</A> is defined. This is
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even though a <A HREF = "kspace_style.html">kspace_style</A> is defined. This is
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@ -211,7 +213,9 @@ then performs analytic differentiation on the single quantity to
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generate the 3 components of the electric field at each grid point.
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generate the 3 components of the electric field at each grid point.
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This is sometimes referred to as "smoothed" PPPM. This approach
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This is sometimes referred to as "smoothed" PPPM. This approach
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requires a somewhat larger PPPM mesh to achieve the same accuracy as
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requires a somewhat larger PPPM mesh to achieve the same accuracy as
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the <I>ik</I> method. The <I>ad</I> method is always used for MSM.
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the <I>ik</I> method. Currently, only the <I>ik</I> method (default) can be
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used for a triclinic simulation cell with PPPM. The <I>ad</I> method is
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always used for MSM.
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</P>
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</P>
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<P>IMPORTANT NOTE: Currently, not all PPPM styles support the <I>ad</I>
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<P>IMPORTANT NOTE: Currently, not all PPPM styles support the <I>ad</I>
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option. Support for those PPPM variants will be added later.
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option. Support for those PPPM variants will be added later.
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@ -167,6 +167,8 @@ volfactor. This turns off all kspace forces in the z direction.
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The {nozforce} option is not supported by MSM. For MSM, any combination
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The {nozforce} option is not supported by MSM. For MSM, any combination
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of periodic, non-periodic, or shrink-wrapped boundaries can be set
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of periodic, non-periodic, or shrink-wrapped boundaries can be set
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using "boundary"_boundary.html (the slab approximation in not needed).
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using "boundary"_boundary.html (the slab approximation in not needed).
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The {slab} keyword is not currently supported by Ewald or PPPM when
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using a triclinic simulation cell.
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The {compute} keyword allows Kspace computations to be turned off,
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The {compute} keyword allows Kspace computations to be turned off,
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even though a "kspace_style"_kspace_style.html is defined. This is
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even though a "kspace_style"_kspace_style.html is defined. This is
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@ -205,7 +207,9 @@ then performs analytic differentiation on the single quantity to
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generate the 3 components of the electric field at each grid point.
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generate the 3 components of the electric field at each grid point.
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This is sometimes referred to as "smoothed" PPPM. This approach
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This is sometimes referred to as "smoothed" PPPM. This approach
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requires a somewhat larger PPPM mesh to achieve the same accuracy as
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requires a somewhat larger PPPM mesh to achieve the same accuracy as
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the {ik} method. The {ad} method is always used for MSM.
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the {ik} method. Currently, only the {ik} method (default) can be
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used for a triclinic simulation cell with PPPM. The {ad} method is
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always used for MSM.
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Currently, not all PPPM styles support the {ad}
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Currently, not all PPPM styles support the {ad}
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option. Support for those PPPM variants will be added later.
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option. Support for those PPPM variants will be added later.
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@ -101,10 +101,6 @@ but in a more efficient manner than the <I>ewald</I> style. The 1/r^6
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capability means that Lennard-Jones or Buckingham potentials can be
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capability means that Lennard-Jones or Buckingham potentials can be
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used without a cutoff, i.e. they become full long-range potentials.
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used without a cutoff, i.e. they become full long-range potentials.
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</P>
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</P>
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<P>The <I>ewald/disp</I> style can also be used with non-orthogonal (triclinic
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symmetry) simulation boxes. It is currently the only long-range
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solver that has this capability.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<HR>
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<P>The <I>pppm</I> style invokes a particle-particle particle-mesh solver
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<P>The <I>pppm</I> style invokes a particle-particle particle-mesh solver
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@ -196,6 +192,18 @@ smaller than the reference force.
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to determine the number of K-space vectors for style <I>ewald</I> or the
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to determine the number of K-space vectors for style <I>ewald</I> or the
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grid size for style <I>pppm</I> or <I>msm</I>.
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grid size for style <I>pppm</I> or <I>msm</I>.
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</P>
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</P>
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<P>Note that style <I>pppm</I> only computes the grid size at the beginning of
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a simulation, so if the length or triclinic tilt of the simulation cell
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increases dramatically during the course of the simulation, the accuracy
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of the simulation may degrade. For example, for a triclinic system with
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all three tilt factors set to the maximum limit, the PPPM grid should be
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increased roughly by a factor of 1.5 in the y direction and 2.0 in the z
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direction as compared to the same system using a cubic orthogonal simulation
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cell. One way to ensure the accuracy requirement is being met is to run a
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short simulation at the maximum expected tilt or length, note the required
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grid size, and then use the <A HREF = "kspace_modify.html">kspace_modify</A> <I>mesh</I>
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command to manually set the PPPM grid size to this value.
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</P>
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<P>RMS force errors in real space for <I>ewald</I> and <I>pppm</I> are estimated
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<P>RMS force errors in real space for <I>ewald</I> and <I>pppm</I> are estimated
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using equation 18 of <A HREF = "#Kolafa">(Kolafa)</A>, which is also referenced as
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using equation 18 of <A HREF = "#Kolafa">(Kolafa)</A>, which is also referenced as
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equation 9 of <A HREF = "#Petersen">(Petersen)</A>. RMS force errors in K-space for
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equation 9 of <A HREF = "#Petersen">(Petersen)</A>. RMS force errors in K-space for
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@ -242,6 +250,11 @@ more instructions on how to use the accelerated styles effectively.
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</P>
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</P>
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<P><B>Restrictions:</B>
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<P><B>Restrictions:</B>
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</P>
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</P>
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<P>The <I>ewald/disp</I>, <I>ewald</I>, <I>pppm</I>, and <I>msm</I> styles support
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non-orthogonal (triclinic symmetry) simulation boxes. However, triclinic
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simulation cells may not yet be supported by suffix versions of these
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styles (such as <I>pppm/cuda</I>).
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</P>
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<P>All of the kspace styles are part of the KSPACE package. They are
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<P>All of the kspace styles are part of the KSPACE package. They are
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only enabled if LAMMPS was built with that package. See the <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_3">Making
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only enabled if LAMMPS was built with that package. See the <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_3">Making
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LAMMPS</A> section for more info. Note that
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LAMMPS</A> section for more info. Note that
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@ -94,10 +94,6 @@ but in a more efficient manner than the {ewald} style. The 1/r^6
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capability means that Lennard-Jones or Buckingham potentials can be
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capability means that Lennard-Jones or Buckingham potentials can be
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used without a cutoff, i.e. they become full long-range potentials.
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used without a cutoff, i.e. they become full long-range potentials.
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The {ewald/disp} style can also be used with non-orthogonal (triclinic
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symmetry) simulation boxes. It is currently the only long-range
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solver that has this capability.
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:line
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:line
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The {pppm} style invokes a particle-particle particle-mesh solver
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The {pppm} style invokes a particle-particle particle-mesh solver
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@ -189,6 +185,18 @@ The accuracy setting is used in conjunction with the pairwise cutoff
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to determine the number of K-space vectors for style {ewald} or the
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to determine the number of K-space vectors for style {ewald} or the
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grid size for style {pppm} or {msm}.
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grid size for style {pppm} or {msm}.
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Note that style {pppm} only computes the grid size at the beginning of
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a simulation, so if the length or triclinic tilt of the simulation cell
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increases dramatically during the course of the simulation, the accuracy
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of the simulation may degrade. For example, for a triclinic system with
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all three tilt factors set to the maximum limit, the PPPM grid should be
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increased roughly by a factor of 1.5 in the y direction and 2.0 in the z
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direction as compared to the same system using a cubic orthogonal simulation
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cell. One way to ensure the accuracy requirement is being met is to run a
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short simulation at the maximum expected tilt or length, note the required
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grid size, and then use the "kspace_modify"_kspace_modify.html {mesh}
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command to manually set the PPPM grid size to this value.
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RMS force errors in real space for {ewald} and {pppm} are estimated
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RMS force errors in real space for {ewald} and {pppm} are estimated
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using equation 18 of "(Kolafa)"_#Kolafa, which is also referenced as
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using equation 18 of "(Kolafa)"_#Kolafa, which is also referenced as
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equation 9 of "(Petersen)"_#Petersen. RMS force errors in K-space for
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equation 9 of "(Petersen)"_#Petersen. RMS force errors in K-space for
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@ -235,6 +243,11 @@ more instructions on how to use the accelerated styles effectively.
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[Restrictions:]
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[Restrictions:]
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The {ewald/disp}, {ewald}, {pppm}, and {msm} styles support
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non-orthogonal (triclinic symmetry) simulation boxes. However, triclinic
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simulation cells may not yet be supported by suffix versions of these
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styles (such as {pppm/cuda}).
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All of the kspace styles are part of the KSPACE package. They are
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All of the kspace styles are part of the KSPACE package. They are
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only enabled if LAMMPS was built with that package. See the "Making
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only enabled if LAMMPS was built with that package. See the "Making
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LAMMPS"_Section_start.html#start_3 section for more info. Note that
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LAMMPS"_Section_start.html#start_3 section for more info. Note that
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