lammps/doc/pair_snap.txt

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pair_style snap command :h3

[Syntax:]

pair_style snap :pre

[Examples:]

pair_style snap
pair_coeff * * snap InP.snapcoeff In P InP.snapparam In In P P :pre

[Description:]

Style {snap} computes interactions 
using the spectral neighbor analysis potential (SNAP)
"(Thompson)"_#Thompson2014. Like the GAP potential of Bartok et al.
"(Bartok)"_#Bartok2010, it uses bispectrum components
to characterize the local neighborhood of each atom
in a very general way. The mathematical definition of the
bispectrum calculation used by SNAP is identical 
to that used of "compute sna/atom"_compute_sna_atom.html. 
In SNAP, the total energy is decomposed into a sum over
atom energies. The energy of atom {i} is 
expressed as a weighted sum over bispectrum components.

:c,image(Eqs/pair_snap.jpg)

where {B_k^i} is the {k}-th bispectrum component of atom {i}, 
and {beta_k^alpha_i} is the corresponding linear coefficient 
that depends on {alpha_i}, the SNAP element of atom {i}. The
number of bispectrum components used and their definitions
depend on the values of {twojmax} and {diagonalstyle}
defined in the SNAP parameter file described below.
The bispectrum calculation is described in more detail 
in "compute sna/atom"_compute_sna_atom.html.

Note that unlike for other potentials, cutoffs for SNAP potentials are
not set in the pair_style or pair_coeff command; they are specified in
the SNAP potential files themselves.

Only a single pair_coeff command is used with the {snap} style which
specifies two SNAP files and the list SNAP element(s) to be
extracted.  
The SNAP elements are mapped to LAMMPS atom types by specifying
N additional arguments after the 2nd filename in the pair_coeff
command, where N is the number of LAMMPS atom types:

SNAP element file
Elem1, Elem2, ...
SNAP parameter file
N element names = mapping of SNAP elements to atom types :ul

As an example, if a LAMMPS indium phosphide simulation has 4 atoms 
types, with the first two being indium and the 3rd and 4th being
phophorous, the pair_coeff command would look like this:

pair_coeff * * snap InP.snapcoeff In P InP.snapparam In In P P :pre

The 1st 2 arguments must be * * so as to span all LAMMPS atom types. 
The two filenames are for the element and parameter files, respectively. 
The 'In' and 'P' arguments (between the file names) are the two elements 
which will be extracted from the element file. The 
two trailing 'In' arguments map LAMMPS atom types 1 and 2 to the 
SNAP 'In' element. The two trailing 'P' arguments map LAMMPS atom types 
3 and 4 to the SNAP 'P' element.

If a SNAP mapping value is 
specified as NULL, the mapping is not performed. 
This can be used when a {snap} potential is used as part of the
{hybrid} pair style.  The NULL values are placeholders for atom types
that will be used with other potentials.

The name of the SNAP element file usually ends in the 
".snapcoeff" extension. It may contain coefficients 
for many SNAP elements.
Only those elements listed in the pair_coeff command are extracted.
The name of the SNAP parameter file usually ends in the ".snapparam"
extension. It contains a small number 
of parameters that define the overall form of the SNAP potential. 
See the "pair_coeff"_pair_coeff.html doc page for alternate ways
to specify the path for these files. 

Quite commonly,
SNAP potentials are combined with one or more other LAMMPS pair styles
using the {hybrid/overlay} pair style. As an example, the SNAP 
tantalum potential provided in the LAMMPS potentials directory 
combines the {snap} and {zbl} pair styles. It is invoked 
by the following commands: 

	variable zblcutinner equal 4
	variable zblcutouter equal 4.8
	variable zblz equal 73
	pair_style hybrid/overlay &
	zbl $\{zblcutinner\} $\{zblcutouter\} snap
	pair_coeff * * zbl 0.0 
	pair_coeff 1 1 zbl $\{zblz\}
	pair_coeff * * snap ../potentials/Ta06A.snapcoeff Ta &
	../potentials/Ta06A.snapparam Ta :pre

It is convenient to keep these commands in a separate file that can
be inserted in any LAMMPS input script using the "include"_include.html
command.

The top of the SNAP element file can contain any number of blank and comment 
lines (start with #), but follows a strict
format after that. The first non-blank non-comment 
line must contain two integers:

nelem  = Number of elements
ncoeff = Number of coefficients :ul

This is followed by one block for each of the {nelem} elements. 
The first line of each block contains three entries:

Element symbol (text string)
R = Element radius (distance units)
w = Element weight (dimensionless) :ul

This line is followed by {ncoeff} coefficients, one per line.

The SNAP parameter file can contain blank and comment lines (start
with #) anywhere. Each non-blank non-comment line must contain one
keyword/value pair. The required keywords are {rcutfac} and
{twojmax}. Optional keywords are {rfac0}, {rmin0}, {diagonalstyle},
and {switchflag}.

The default values for these keywords are

{rfac0} = 0.99363
{rmin0} = 0.0
{diagonalstyle} = 3
{switchflag} = 0 :ul

Detailed definitions of these keywords are given on the "compute
sna/atom"_compute_sna_atom.html doc page.

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[Mixing, shift, table, tail correction, restart, rRESPA info]:

For atom type pairs I,J and I != J, where types I and J correspond to
two different element types, mixing is performed by LAMMPS with
user-specifiable parameters as described above.  You never need to
specify a pair_coeff command with I != J arguments for this style.

This pair style does not support the "pair_modify"_pair_modify.html
shift, table, and tail options.

This pair style does not write its information to "binary restart
files"_restart.html, since it is stored in potential files.  Thus, you
need to re-specify the pair_style and pair_coeff commands in an input
script that reads a restart file.

This pair style can only be used via the {pair} keyword of the
"run_style respa"_run_style.html command.  It does not support the
{inner}, {middle}, {outer} keywords.

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[Restrictions:]

None

[Related commands:]

"compute sna/atom"_compute_sna_atom.html,
"compute snad/atom"_compute_sna_atom.html,
"compute snav/atom"_compute_sna_atom.html

[Default:] none

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:link(Thompson2014)
[(Thompson)] Thompson, Swiler, Trott, Foiles, Tucker, in preparation

:link(Bartok2010)
[(Bartok)] Bartok, Payne, Risi, Csanyi, Phys Rev Lett, 104, 136403 (2010).