2014-03-10 22:59:14 +08:00
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<CENTER><A HREF = "http://lammps.sandia.gov">LAMMPS WWW Site</A> - <A HREF = "Manual.html">LAMMPS Documentation</A> - <A HREF = "Section_commands.html#comm">LAMMPS Commands</A>
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<H3>fix temp/csvr command
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</H3>
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<P><B>Syntax:</B>
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</P>
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<PRE>fix ID group-ID temp/csvr Tstart Tstop Tdamp seed
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</PRE>
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<UL><LI>ID, group-ID are documented in <A HREF = "fix.html">fix</A> command
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<LI>temp/csvr = style name of this fix command
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<LI>Tstart,Tstop = desired temperature at start/end of run
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<PRE> Tstart can be a variable (see below)
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</PRE>
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<LI>Tdamp = temperature damping parameter (time units)
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<LI>seed = random number seed to use for white noise (positive integer)
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</UL>
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<P><B>Examples:</B>
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</P>
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<PRE>fix 1 all temp/csvr 300.0 300.0 100.0 54324
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</PRE>
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<P><B>Description:</B>
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</P>
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<P>Adjust the temperature with a CSVR thermostat <A HREF = "#Bussi">(Bussi)</A>, which
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updates the velocities to a linear combination of the current
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velocities with a gaussian distribution at the desired temperature in
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every timestep.
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</P>
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<P>The thermostat is applied to only the translational degrees of freedom
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for the particles, which is an important consideration for finite-size
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particles which have rotational degrees of freedom are being
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thermostatted with this fix. The translational degrees of freedom can
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also have a bias velocity removed from them before thermostatting
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takes place; see the description below.
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</P>
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<P>The desired temperature at each timestep is a ramped value during the
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run from <I>Tstart</I> to <I>Tstop</I>. The <I>Tdamp</I> parameter is specified in
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time units and determines how rapidly the temperature is relaxed. For
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example, a value of 100.0 means to relax the temperature in a timespan
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of (roughly) 100 time units (tau or fmsec or psec - see the
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<A HREF = "units.html">units</A> command).
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</P>
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<P><I>Tstart</I> can be specified as an equal-style <A HREF = "variable.html">variable</A>.
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In this case, the <I>Tstop</I> setting is ignored. If the value is a
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variable, it should be specified as v_name, where name is the variable
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name. In this case, the variable will be evaluated each timestep, and
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its value used to determine the target temperature.
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</P>
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<P>Equal-style variables can specify formulas with various mathematical
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functions, and include <A HREF = "thermo_style.html">thermo_style</A> command
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keywords for the simulation box parameters and timestep and elapsed
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time. Thus it is easy to specify a time-dependent temperature.
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</P>
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<P>IMPORTANT NOTE: Unlike the <A HREF = "fix_nh.html">fix nvt</A> command which
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performs Nose/Hoover thermostatting AND time integration, this fix
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does NOT perform time integration. It only modifies velocities to
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effect thermostatting. Thus you must use a separate time integration
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fix, like <A HREF = "fix_nve.html">fix nve</A> to actually update the positions of
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atoms using the modified velocities. Likewise, this fix should not
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normally be used on atoms that also have their temperature controlled
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by another fix - e.g. by <A HREF = "fix_nh.html">fix nvt</A> or <A HREF = "fix_langevin.html">fix
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langevin</A> commands.
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</P>
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<P>See <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#howto_16">this howto section</A> of the manual for
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a discussion of different ways to compute temperature and perform
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thermostatting.
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</P>
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<P>This fix computes a temperature each timestep. To do this, the fix
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creates its own compute of style "temp", as if this command had been
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issued:
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</P>
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<PRE>compute fix-ID_temp group-ID temp
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</PRE>
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<P>See the <A HREF = "compute_temp.html">compute temp</A> command for details. Note
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that the ID of the new compute is the fix-ID + underscore + "temp",
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and the group for the new compute is the same as the fix group.
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</P>
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<P>Note that this is NOT the compute used by thermodynamic output (see
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the <A HREF = "thermo_style.html">thermo_style</A> command) with ID = <I>thermo_temp</I>.
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This means you can change the attributes of this fix's temperature
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(e.g. its degrees-of-freedom) via the
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<A HREF = "compute_modify.html">compute_modify</A> command or print this temperature
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during thermodynamic output via the <A HREF = "thermo_style.html">thermo_style
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custom</A> command using the appropriate compute-ID.
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It also means that changing attributes of <I>thermo_temp</I> will have no
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effect on this fix.
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</P>
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<P>Like other fixes that perform thermostatting, this fix can be used
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with <A HREF = "compute.html">compute commands</A> that calculate a temperature
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after removing a "bias" from the atom velocities. E.g. removing the
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center-of-mass velocity from a group of atoms or only calculating
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temperature on the x-component of velocity or only calculating
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temperature for atoms in a geometric region. This is not done by
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default, but only if the <A HREF = "fix_modify.html">fix_modify</A> command is used
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to assign a temperature compute to this fix that includes such a bias
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term. See the doc pages for individual <A HREF = "compute.html">compute
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commands</A> to determine which ones include a bias. In
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this case, the thermostat works in the following manner: the current
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temperature is calculated taking the bias into account, bias is
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removed from each atom, thermostatting is performed on the remaining
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thermal degrees of freedom, and the bias is added back in.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<P><B>Restart, fix_modify, output, run start/stop, minimize info:</B>
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</P>
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<P>No information about this fix is written to <A HREF = "restart.html">binary restart
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files</A>.
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</P>
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<P>The <A HREF = "fix_modify.html">fix_modify</A> <I>temp</I> option is supported by this
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fix. You can use it to assign a temperature <A HREF = "compute.html">compute</A>
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you have defined to this fix which will be used in its thermostatting
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procedure, as described above. For consistency, the group used by
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this fix and by the compute should be the same.
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</P>
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<P>This fix can ramp its target temperature over multiple runs, using the
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<I>start</I> and <I>stop</I> keywords of the <A HREF = "run.html">run</A> command. See the
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<A HREF = "run.html">run</A> command for details of how to do this.
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</P>
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<P>This fix is not invoked during <A HREF = "minimize.html">energy minimization</A>.
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</P>
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2014-03-20 03:01:07 +08:00
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<P><B>Restrictions:</B>
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</P>
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<P>This fix is not compatible with <A HREF = "fix_shake.html">fix shake</A>.
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2014-03-10 22:59:14 +08:00
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</P>
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<P><B>Related commands:</B>
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</P>
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<P><A HREF = "fix_nve.html">fix nve</A>, <A HREF = "fix_nh.html">fix nvt</A>, <A HREF = "fix_temp_rescale.html">fix
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temp/rescale</A>, <A HREF = "fix_langevin.html">fix langevin</A>,
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<A HREF = "fix_modify.html">fix_modify</A>, <A HREF = "compute_temp.html">compute temp</A>,
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<A HREF = "fix_temp_berendsen.html">fix temp/berendsen</A>
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</P>
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<P><B>Default:</B> none
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</P>
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<HR>
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<A NAME = "Bussi"></A>
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<P><B>(Bussi)</B> Bussi and Parrinello, Phys. Rev. E (2007)
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</P>
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</HTML>
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