/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   LAMMPS - Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator
   http://lammps.sandia.gov, Sandia National Laboratories
   Steve Plimpton, sjplimp@sandia.gov

   Copyright (2003) Sandia Corporation.  Under the terms of Contract
   DE-AC04-94AL85000 with Sandia Corporation, the U.S. Government retains
   certain rights in this software.  This software is distributed under
   the GNU General Public License.

   See the README file in the top-level LAMMPS directory.
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   Contributing authors: Amalie Frischknecht and Ahmed Ismail (SNL)
                         Rolf Isele-Holder (Aachen University)
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "pair_lj_long_tip4p_long.h"
#include "angle.h"
#include "atom.h"
#include "bond.h"
#include "comm.h"
#include "domain.h"
#include "force.h"
#include "kspace.h"
#include "update.h"
#include "respa.h"
#include "neighbor.h"
#include "neigh_list.h"
#include "neigh_request.h"
#include "memory.h"
#include "error.h"

using namespace LAMMPS_NS;

#define EWALD_F   1.12837917
#define EWALD_P   0.3275911
#define A1        0.254829592
#define A2       -0.284496736
#define A3        1.421413741
#define A4       -1.453152027
#define A5        1.061405429

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

PairLJLongTIP4PLong::PairLJLongTIP4PLong(LAMMPS *lmp) :
  PairLJLongCoulLong(lmp)
{
  dispersionflag = tip4pflag = 1;
  single_enable = 0;
  respa_enable = 1;

  nmax = 0;
  hneigh = NULL;
  newsite = NULL;

  // TIP4P cannot compute virial as F dot r
  // due to find_M() finding bonded H atoms which are not near O atom

  no_virial_fdotr_compute = 1;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

PairLJLongTIP4PLong::~PairLJLongTIP4PLong()
{
  memory->destroy(hneigh);
  memory->destroy(newsite);
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::compute(int eflag, int vflag)
{
  int i,j,ii,jj,inum,jnum,itype,jtype,itable;
  int n,vlist[6];
  int key;
  int iH1,iH2,jH1,jH2;
  double qtmp,xtmp,ytmp,ztmp,delx,dely,delz,evdwl,ecoul;
  double fraction,table;
  double r,r2inv,forcecoul,forcelj,cforce;
  double factor_coul;
  double grij,expm2,prefactor,t,erfc;
  double fO[3],fH[3],fd[3],v[6];
  double *x1,*x2,*xH1,*xH2;
  int *ilist,*jlist,*numneigh,**firstneigh;
  double rsq;

  evdwl = ecoul = 0.0;
  if (eflag || vflag) ev_setup(eflag,vflag);
  else evflag = vflag_fdotr = 0;

  // reallocate hneigh & newsite if necessary
  // initialize hneigh[0] to -1 on steps when reneighboring occurred
  // initialize hneigh[2] to 0 every step

  int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
  int nall = nlocal + atom->nghost;

  if (atom->nmax > nmax) {
    nmax = atom->nmax;
    memory->destroy(hneigh);
    memory->create(hneigh,nmax,3,"pair:hneigh");
    memory->destroy(newsite);
    memory->create(newsite,nmax,3,"pair:newsite");
  }
  if (neighbor->ago == 0)
    for (i = 0; i < nall; i++) hneigh[i][0] = -1;
  for (i = 0; i < nall; i++) hneigh[i][2] = 0;

  double **f = atom->f;
  double **x = atom->x;
  double *q = atom->q;
  tagint *tag = atom->tag;
  int *type = atom->type;
  double *special_coul = force->special_coul;
  double *special_lj = force->special_lj;
  int newton_pair = force->newton_pair;
  double qqrd2e = force->qqrd2e;
  double cut_coulsqplus = (cut_coul+2.0*qdist)*(cut_coul+2.0*qdist);

  int order1 = ewald_order&(1<<1), order6 = ewald_order&(1<<6);
  int ni;
  double *lj1i, *lj2i, *lj3i, *lj4i, *offseti;
  double g2 = g_ewald_6*g_ewald_6, g6 = g2*g2*g2, g8 = g6*g2;

  inum = list->inum;
  ilist = list->ilist;
  numneigh = list->numneigh;
  firstneigh = list->firstneigh;

  // loop over neighbors of my atoms

  for (ii = 0; ii < inum; ii++) {
    i = ilist[ii];
    qtmp = q[i];
    xtmp = x[i][0];
    ytmp = x[i][1];
    ztmp = x[i][2];
    itype = type[i];
    if (itype == typeO) {
      if (hneigh[i][0] < 0) {
        iH1 = atom->map(tag[i] + 1);
        iH2 = atom->map(tag[i] + 2);
        if (iH1 == -1 || iH2 == -1)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
        if (atom->type[iH1] != typeH || atom->type[iH2] != typeH)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
        // set iH1,iH2 to closest image to O
        iH1 = domain->closest_image(i,iH1);
        iH2 = domain->closest_image(i,iH2);
        compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        hneigh[i][0] = iH1;
        hneigh[i][1] = iH2;
        hneigh[i][2] = 1;
      } else {
        iH1 = hneigh[i][0];
        iH2 = hneigh[i][1];
        if (hneigh[i][2] == 0) {
          hneigh[i][2] = 1;
          compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        }
      }
      x1 = newsite[i];
    } else x1 = x[i];

    jlist = firstneigh[i];
    jnum = numneigh[i];
    offseti = offset[itype];
    lj1i = lj1[itype]; lj2i = lj2[itype]; lj3i = lj3[itype]; lj4i = lj4[itype];

    for (jj = 0; jj < jnum; jj++) {
      j = jlist[jj];
      ni = sbmask(j);
      factor_coul = special_coul[sbmask(j)];
      j &= NEIGHMASK;

      delx = xtmp - x[j][0];
      dely = ytmp - x[j][1];
      delz = ztmp - x[j][2];
      rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
      jtype = type[j];

      if (rsq < cut_ljsq[itype][jtype]) {			// lj
        r2inv = 1.0/rsq;
       	if (order6) {					// long-range lj
          if (!ndisptablebits || rsq <= tabinnerdispsq) {
            register double rn = r2inv*r2inv*r2inv;
            register double x2 = g2*rsq, a2 = 1.0/x2;
            x2 = a2*exp(-x2)*lj4i[jtype];
            if (ni == 0) {
              forcelj =
                (rn*=rn)*lj1i[jtype]-g8*(((6.0*a2+6.0)*a2+3.0)*a2+1.0)*x2*rsq;
              if (eflag)
                evdwl = rn*lj3i[jtype]-g6*((a2+1.0)*a2+0.5)*x2;
            }
            else {					// special case
              register double f = special_lj[ni], t = rn*(1.0-f);
              forcelj = f*(rn *= rn)*lj1i[jtype]-
                g8*(((6.0*a2+6.0)*a2+3.0)*a2+1.0)*x2*rsq+t*lj2i[jtype];
              if (eflag)
                evdwl = f*rn*lj3i[jtype]-g6*((a2+1.0)*a2+0.5)*x2+t*lj4i[jtype];
            }
          }
          else {                                        // table real space
            register union_int_float_t disp_t;
            disp_t.f = rsq;
            register const int disp_k = (disp_t.i & ndispmask)>>ndispshiftbits;
            register double f_disp = (rsq-rdisptable[disp_k])*drdisptable[disp_k];
            register double rn = r2inv*r2inv*r2inv;
            if (ni == 0) {
              forcelj = (rn*=rn)*lj1i[jtype]-(fdisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dfdisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype];
              if (eflag) evdwl = rn*lj3i[jtype]-(edisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dedisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype];
            }
            else {					// special case
              register double f = special_lj[ni], t = rn*(1.0-f);
              forcelj = f*(rn *= rn)*lj1i[jtype]-(fdisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dfdisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype]+t*lj2i[jtype];
              if (eflag) evdwl = f*rn*lj3i[jtype]-(edisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dedisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype]+t*lj4i[jtype];
            }
          }
        }
        else {						// cut lj
          register double rn = r2inv*r2inv*r2inv;
          if (ni == 0) {
            forcelj = rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]);
            if (eflag) evdwl = rn*(rn*lj3i[jtype]-lj4i[jtype])-offseti[jtype];
          }
          else {					// special case
            register double f = special_lj[ni];
            forcelj = f*rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]);
            if (eflag)
              evdwl = f * (rn*(rn*lj3i[jtype]-lj4i[jtype])-offseti[jtype]);
          }
        }

        forcelj *= r2inv;
        f[i][0] += delx*forcelj;
        f[i][1] += dely*forcelj;
        f[i][2] += delz*forcelj;
        f[j][0] -= delx*forcelj;
        f[j][1] -= dely*forcelj;
        f[j][2] -= delz*forcelj;

        if (evflag) ev_tally(i,j,nlocal,newton_pair,
                             evdwl,0.0,forcelj,delx,dely,delz);
      }


      // adjust rsq and delxyz for off-site O charge(s)
      // ADDITIONAL REQEUST REQUIRED HERE!!!!!

      if (rsq < cut_coulsqplus) {
        if (itype == typeO || jtype == typeO) {
          if (jtype == typeO) {
            if (hneigh[j][0] < 0) {
              jH1 = atom->map(tag[j] + 1);
              jH2 = atom->map(tag[j] + 2);
              if (jH1 == -1 || jH2 == -1)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
              if (atom->type[jH1] != typeH || atom->type[jH2] != typeH)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
              // set jH1,jH2 to closest image to O
              jH1 = domain->closest_image(j,jH1);
              jH2 = domain->closest_image(j,jH2);
              compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              hneigh[j][0] = jH1;
              hneigh[j][1] = jH2;
              hneigh[j][2] = 1;
            } else {
              jH1 = hneigh[j][0];
              jH2 = hneigh[j][1];
              if (hneigh[j][2] == 0) {
                hneigh[j][2] = 1;
                compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              }
            }
            x2 = newsite[j];
          } else x2 = x[j];
          delx = x1[0] - x2[0];
          dely = x1[1] - x2[1];
          delz = x1[2] - x2[2];
          rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
        }

        // test current rsq against cutoff and compute Coulombic force

        if (rsq < cut_coulsq && order1) {
          r2inv = 1.0 / rsq;
          if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq) {
            r = sqrt(rsq);
            grij = g_ewald * r;
            expm2 = exp(-grij*grij);
            t = 1.0 / (1.0 + EWALD_P*grij);
            erfc = t * (A1+t*(A2+t*(A3+t*(A4+t*A5)))) * expm2;
            prefactor = qqrd2e * qtmp*q[j]/r;
            forcecoul = prefactor * (erfc + EWALD_F*grij*expm2);
            if (factor_coul < 1.0) {
              forcecoul -= (1.0-factor_coul)*prefactor;
            }
          } else {
            union_int_float_t rsq_lookup;
            rsq_lookup.f = rsq;
            itable = rsq_lookup.i & ncoulmask;
            itable >>= ncoulshiftbits;
            fraction = (rsq_lookup.f - rtable[itable]) * drtable[itable];
            table = ftable[itable] + fraction*dftable[itable];
            forcecoul = qtmp*q[j] * table;
            if (factor_coul < 1.0) {
              table = ctable[itable] + fraction*dctable[itable];
              prefactor = qtmp*q[j] * table;
              forcecoul -= (1.0-factor_coul)*prefactor;
            }
          }

          cforce = forcecoul * r2inv;

          //if (evflag) ev_tally(i,j,nlocal,newton_pair,
          //		       evdwl,0.0,cforce,delx,dely,delz);

          // if i,j are not O atoms, force is applied directly
          // if i or j are O atoms, force is on fictitious atom & partitioned
          // force partitioning due to Feenstra, J Comp Chem, 20, 786 (1999)
          // f_f = fictitious force, fO = f_f (1 - 2 alpha), fH = alpha f_f
          // preserves total force and torque on water molecule
          // virial = sum(r x F) where each water's atoms are near xi and xj
          // vlist stores 2,4,6 atoms whose forces contribute to virial

          n = 0;
          key = 0;

          if (itype != typeO) {
            f[i][0] += delx * cforce;
            f[i][1] += dely * cforce;
            f[i][2] += delz * cforce;

            if (vflag) {
              v[0] = x[i][0] * delx * cforce;
              v[1] = x[i][1] * dely * cforce;
              v[2] = x[i][2] * delz * cforce;
              v[3] = x[i][0] * dely * cforce;
              v[4] = x[i][0] * delz * cforce;
              v[5] = x[i][1] * delz * cforce;
            }
            vlist[n++] = i;

          } else {
            key += 1;
            fd[0] = delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[i][0] += fO[0];
            f[i][1] += fO[1];
            f[i][2] += fO[2];

            f[iH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[iH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH2][2] += fH[2];

            if (vflag) {
              xH1 = x[iH1];
              xH2 = x[iH2];
              v[0] = x[i][0]*fO[0] + xH1[0]*fH[0] + xH2[0]*fH[0];
              v[1] = x[i][1]*fO[1] + xH1[1]*fH[1] + xH2[1]*fH[1];
              v[2] = x[i][2]*fO[2] + xH1[2]*fH[2] + xH2[2]*fH[2];
              v[3] = x[i][0]*fO[1] + xH1[0]*fH[1] + xH2[0]*fH[1];
              v[4] = x[i][0]*fO[2] + xH1[0]*fH[2] + xH2[0]*fH[2];
              v[5] = x[i][1]*fO[2] + xH1[1]*fH[2] + xH2[1]*fH[2];
            }
            vlist[n++] = i;
            vlist[n++] = iH1;
            vlist[n++] = iH2;
          }

          if (jtype != typeO) {
            f[j][0] -= delx * cforce;
            f[j][1] -= dely * cforce;
            f[j][2] -= delz * cforce;

            if (vflag) {
              v[0] -= x[j][0] * delx * cforce;
              v[1] -= x[j][1] * dely * cforce;
              v[2] -= x[j][2] * delz * cforce;
              v[3] -= x[j][0] * dely * cforce;
              v[4] -= x[j][0] * delz * cforce;
              v[5] -= x[j][1] * delz * cforce;
            }
            vlist[n++] = j;

          } else {
            key += 2;

            fd[0] = -delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = -dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = -delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[j][0] += fO[0];
            f[j][1] += fO[1];
            f[j][2] += fO[2];

            f[jH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[jH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH2][2] += fH[2];

            if (vflag) {
              xH1 = x[jH1];
              xH2 = x[jH2];
              v[0] += x[j][0]*fO[0] + xH1[0]*fH[0] + xH2[0]*fH[0];
              v[1] += x[j][1]*fO[1] + xH1[1]*fH[1] + xH2[1]*fH[1];
              v[2] += x[j][2]*fO[2] + xH1[2]*fH[2] + xH2[2]*fH[2];
              v[3] += x[j][0]*fO[1] + xH1[0]*fH[1] + xH2[0]*fH[1];
              v[4] += x[j][0]*fO[2] + xH1[0]*fH[2] + xH2[0]*fH[2];
              v[5] += x[j][1]*fO[2] + xH1[1]*fH[2] + xH2[1]*fH[2];
            }
      	    vlist[n++] = j;
            vlist[n++] = jH1;
            vlist[n++] = jH2;
          }

          if (eflag) {
            if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq)
              ecoul = prefactor*erfc;
            else {
              table = etable[itable] + fraction*detable[itable];
              ecoul = qtmp*q[j] * table;
            }
            if (factor_coul < 1.0) ecoul -= (1.0-factor_coul)*prefactor;
          } else ecoul = 0.0;

          if (evflag) ev_tally_tip4p(key,vlist,v,ecoul,alpha);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::compute_inner()
{
  int i,j,ii,jj,inum,jnum,itype,jtype;
  int iH1,iH2,jH1,jH2;
  double qtmp,xtmp,ytmp,ztmp,delx,dely,delz;
  double r2inv,forcecoul,forcelj,cforce;
  double fO[3],fH[3],fd[3];
  double *x1,*x2;
  int *ilist,*jlist,*numneigh,**firstneigh;
  double rsq, qri;

  double cut_out_on = cut_respa[0];
  double cut_out_off = cut_respa[1];

  double cut_out_diff = cut_out_off - cut_out_on;
  double cut_out_on_sq = cut_out_on*cut_out_on;
  double cut_out_off_sq = cut_out_off*cut_out_off;

  // reallocate hneigh & newsite if necessary
  // initialize hneigh[0] to -1 on steps when reneighboring occurred
  // initialize hneigh[2] to 0 every step

  int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
  int nall = nlocal + atom->nghost;

  // atom->nmax > nmax will occur during setup
  if (atom->nmax > nmax) {
    nmax = atom->nmax;
    memory->destroy(hneigh);
    memory->create(hneigh,nmax,3,"pair:hneigh");
    memory->destroy(newsite);
    memory->create(newsite,nmax,3,"pair:newsite");
  }
  if (neighbor->ago == 0)
    for (i = 0; i < nall; i++) hneigh[i][0] = -1;
  for (i = 0; i < nall; i++) hneigh[i][2] = 0;

  double **f = atom->f;
  double **x = atom->x;
  double *q = atom->q;
  tagint *tag = atom->tag;
  int *type = atom->type;
  double *special_coul = force->special_coul;
  double *special_lj = force->special_lj;
  double qqrd2e = force->qqrd2e;
  double cut_coulsqplus = (cut_coul+2.0*qdist)*(cut_coul+2.0*qdist);

  int order1 = ewald_order&(1<<1);
  int ni;
  double *lj1i, *lj2i;

  inum = listinner->inum;
  ilist = listinner->ilist;
  numneigh = listinner->numneigh;
  firstneigh = listinner->firstneigh;

  // loop over neighbors of my atoms

  for (ii = 0; ii < inum; ii++) {
    i = ilist[ii];
    qtmp = q[i];
    xtmp = x[i][0];
    ytmp = x[i][1];
    ztmp = x[i][2];
    itype = type[i];
    if (itype == typeO && order1) {
      if (hneigh[i][0] < 0) {
        iH1 = atom->map(tag[i] + 1);
        iH2 = atom->map(tag[i] + 2);
        if (iH1 == -1 || iH2 == -1)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
        if (atom->type[iH1] != typeH || atom->type[iH2] != typeH)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
        // set iH1,iH2 to closest image to O
        iH1 = domain->closest_image(i,iH1);
        iH2 = domain->closest_image(i,iH2);
        compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        hneigh[i][0] = iH1;
        hneigh[i][1] = iH2;
        hneigh[i][2] = 1;
      } else {
        iH1 = hneigh[i][0];
        iH2 = hneigh[i][1];
        if (hneigh[i][2] == 0) {
          hneigh[i][2] = 1;
          compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        }
      }
      x1 = newsite[i];
    } else x1 = x[i];

    jlist = firstneigh[i];
    jnum = numneigh[i];
    lj1i = lj1[itype]; lj2i = lj2[itype];

    for (jj = 0; jj < jnum; jj++) {
      j = jlist[jj];
      ni = sbmask(j);
      j &= NEIGHMASK;

      delx = xtmp - x[j][0];
      dely = ytmp - x[j][1];
      delz = ztmp - x[j][2];
      rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
      jtype = type[j];

      if (rsq < cut_ljsq[itype][jtype] && rsq < cut_out_off_sq ) {  // lj
        r2inv = 1.0/rsq;
        register double rn = r2inv*r2inv*r2inv;
        if (ni == 0) forcelj = rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]);
        else {					// special case
          register double f = special_lj[ni];
          forcelj = f*rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]);
        }

        if (rsq > cut_out_on_sq) {                        // switching
          register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq) - cut_out_on)/cut_out_diff;
          forcelj  *= 1.0 + rsw*rsw*(2.0*rsw-3.0);
        }

        forcelj *= r2inv;
        f[i][0] += delx*forcelj;
        f[i][1] += dely*forcelj;
        f[i][2] += delz*forcelj;
        f[j][0] -= delx*forcelj;
        f[j][1] -= dely*forcelj;
        f[j][2] -= delz*forcelj;
      }


      // adjust rsq and delxyz for off-site O charge(s)
      // ADDITIONAL REQEUST REQUIRED HERE!!!!!

      if (rsq < cut_coulsqplus && order1) {
        if (itype == typeO || jtype == typeO) {
          if (jtype == typeO) {
            if (hneigh[j][0] < 0) {
              jH1 = atom->map(tag[j] + 1);
              jH2 = atom->map(tag[j] + 2);
              if (jH1 == -1 || jH2 == -1)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
              if (atom->type[jH1] != typeH || atom->type[jH2] != typeH)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
              // set jH1,jH2 to closest image to O
              jH1 = domain->closest_image(j,jH1);
              jH2 = domain->closest_image(j,jH2);
              compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              hneigh[j][0] = jH1;
              hneigh[j][1] = jH2;
              hneigh[j][2] = 1;
            } else {
              jH1 = hneigh[j][0];
              jH2 = hneigh[j][1];
              if (hneigh[j][2] == 0) {
                hneigh[j][2] = 1;
                compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              }
            }
            x2 = newsite[j];
          } else x2 = x[j];
          delx = x1[0] - x2[0];
          dely = x1[1] - x2[1];
          delz = x1[2] - x2[2];
          rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
        }

        // test current rsq against cutoff and compute Coulombic force

        if (rsq < cut_coulsq && rsq < cut_out_off_sq) {
          r2inv = 1.0 / rsq;
          qri = qqrd2e*qtmp;
          if (ni == 0) forcecoul = qri*q[j]*sqrt(r2inv);
          else {
            forcecoul = qri*q[j]*sqrt(r2inv)*special_coul[ni];
          }

          if (rsq > cut_out_on_sq) {                        // switching
            register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq) - cut_out_on)/cut_out_diff;
            forcecoul  *= 1.0 + rsw*rsw*(2.0*rsw-3.0);
          }

          cforce = forcecoul * r2inv;

          //if (evflag) ev_tally(i,j,nlocal,newton_pair,
          //		       evdwl,0.0,cforce,delx,dely,delz);

          // if i,j are not O atoms, force is applied directly
          // if i or j are O atoms, force is on fictitious atom & partitioned
          // force partitioning due to Feenstra, J Comp Chem, 20, 786 (1999)
          // f_f = fictitious force, fO = f_f (1 - 2 alpha), fH = alpha f_f
          // preserves total force and torque on water molecule
          // virial = sum(r x F) where each water's atoms are near xi and xj
          // vlist stores 2,4,6 atoms whose forces contribute to virial

          if (itype != typeO) {
            f[i][0] += delx * cforce;
            f[i][1] += dely * cforce;
            f[i][2] += delz * cforce;

          } else {
            fd[0] = delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[i][0] += fO[0];
            f[i][1] += fO[1];
            f[i][2] += fO[2];

            f[iH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[iH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH2][2] += fH[2];
          }

          if (jtype != typeO) {
            f[j][0] -= delx * cforce;
            f[j][1] -= dely * cforce;
            f[j][2] -= delz * cforce;

          } else {
            fd[0] = -delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = -dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = -delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[j][0] += fO[0];
            f[j][1] += fO[1];
            f[j][2] += fO[2];

            f[jH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[jH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH2][2] += fH[2];
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::compute_middle()
{
  int i,j,ii,jj,inum,jnum,itype,jtype;
  int iH1,iH2,jH1,jH2;
  double qtmp,xtmp,ytmp,ztmp,delx,dely,delz;
  double r2inv,forcecoul,forcelj,cforce;
  double fO[3],fH[3],fd[3];
  double *x1,*x2;
  int *ilist,*jlist,*numneigh,**firstneigh;
  double rsq,qri;

  double cut_in_off = cut_respa[0];
  double cut_in_on = cut_respa[1];
  double cut_out_on = cut_respa[2];
  double cut_out_off = cut_respa[3];

  double cut_in_diff = cut_in_on - cut_in_off;
  double cut_out_diff = cut_out_off - cut_out_on;
  double cut_in_off_sq = cut_in_off*cut_in_off;
  double cut_in_on_sq = cut_in_on*cut_in_on;
  double cut_out_on_sq = cut_out_on*cut_out_on;
  double cut_out_off_sq = cut_out_off*cut_out_off;

  // reallocate hneigh & newsite if necessary
  // initialize hneigh[0] to -1 on steps when reneighboring occurred
  // initialize hneigh[2] to 0 every step

  double **f = atom->f;
  double **x = atom->x;
  double *q = atom->q;
  tagint *tag = atom->tag;
  int *type = atom->type;
  double *special_coul = force->special_coul;
  double *special_lj = force->special_lj;
  double qqrd2e = force->qqrd2e;
  double cut_coulsqplus = (cut_coul+2.0*qdist)*(cut_coul+2.0*qdist);

  int order1 = ewald_order&(1<<1);
  int ni;
  double  *lj1i, *lj2i;

  inum = listmiddle->inum;
  ilist = listmiddle->ilist;
  numneigh = listmiddle->numneigh;
  firstneigh = listmiddle->firstneigh;

  // loop over neighbors of my atoms

  for (ii = 0; ii < inum; ii++) {
    i = ilist[ii];
    qtmp = q[i];
    xtmp = x[i][0];
    ytmp = x[i][1];
    ztmp = x[i][2];
    itype = type[i];
    if (itype == typeO && order1) {
      if (hneigh[i][0] < 0) {
        iH1 = atom->map(tag[i] + 1);
        iH2 = atom->map(tag[i] + 2);
        if (iH1 == -1 || iH2 == -1)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
        if (atom->type[iH1] != typeH || atom->type[iH2] != typeH)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
        // set iH1,iH2 to closest image to O
        iH1 = domain->closest_image(i,iH1);
        iH2 = domain->closest_image(i,iH2);
        compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        hneigh[i][0] = iH1;
        hneigh[i][1] = iH2;
        hneigh[i][2] = 1;
      } else {
        iH1 = hneigh[i][0];
        iH2 = hneigh[i][1];
        if (hneigh[i][2] == 0) {
          hneigh[i][2] = 1;
          compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        }
      }
      x1 = newsite[i];
    } else x1 = x[i];

    jlist = firstneigh[i];
    jnum = numneigh[i];
    lj1i = lj1[itype]; lj2i = lj2[itype];

    for (jj = 0; jj < jnum; jj++) {
      j = jlist[jj];
      ni = sbmask(j);
      j &= NEIGHMASK;

      delx = xtmp - x[j][0];
      dely = ytmp - x[j][1];
      delz = ztmp - x[j][2];
      rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
      jtype = type[j];

      if (rsq < cut_ljsq[itype][jtype] && rsq >= cut_in_off_sq && rsq <= cut_out_off_sq ) {  // lj
        r2inv = 1.0/rsq;
        register double rn = r2inv*r2inv*r2inv;
        if (ni == 0) forcelj = rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]);
        else {					// special case
          register double f = special_lj[ni];
          forcelj = f*rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]);
        }

        if (rsq < cut_in_on_sq) {                                // switching
          register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq) - cut_in_off)/cut_in_diff;
          forcelj  *= rsw*rsw*(3.0 - 2.0*rsw);
        }
        if (rsq > cut_out_on_sq) {
          register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq) - cut_out_on)/cut_out_diff;
          forcelj  *= 1.0 + rsw*rsw*(2.0*rsw-3.0);
        }

        forcelj *= r2inv;
        f[i][0] += delx*forcelj;
        f[i][1] += dely*forcelj;
        f[i][2] += delz*forcelj;
        f[j][0] -= delx*forcelj;
        f[j][1] -= dely*forcelj;
        f[j][2] -= delz*forcelj;
      }


      // adjust rsq and delxyz for off-site O charge(s)
      // ADDITIONAL REQEUST REQUIRED HERE!!!!!

      if (rsq < cut_coulsqplus && order1) {
        if (itype == typeO || jtype == typeO) {
          if (jtype == typeO) {
            if (hneigh[j][0] < 0) {
              jH1 = atom->map(tag[j] + 1);
              jH2 = atom->map(tag[j] + 2);
              if (jH1 == -1 || jH2 == -1)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
              if (atom->type[jH1] != typeH || atom->type[jH2] != typeH)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
              // set jH1,jH2 to closest image to O
              jH1 = domain->closest_image(j,jH1);
              jH2 = domain->closest_image(j,jH2);
              compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              hneigh[j][0] = jH1;
              hneigh[j][1] = jH2;
              hneigh[j][2] = 1;
            } else {
              jH1 = hneigh[j][0];
              jH2 = hneigh[j][1];
              if (hneigh[j][2] == 0) {
                hneigh[j][2] = 1;
                compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              }
            }
            x2 = newsite[j];
          } else x2 = x[j];
          delx = x1[0] - x2[0];
          dely = x1[1] - x2[1];
          delz = x1[2] - x2[2];
          rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
        }

        // test current rsq against cutoff and compute Coulombic force

        if (rsq < cut_coulsq &&  rsq >= cut_in_off_sq && rsq <= cut_out_off_sq) {
          r2inv = 1.0 / rsq;
          qri = qqrd2e*qtmp;
          if (ni == 0) forcecoul = qri*q[j]*sqrt(r2inv);
          else {
            forcecoul = qri*q[j]*sqrt(r2inv)*special_coul[ni];
          }

          if (rsq < cut_in_on_sq) {                                // switching
            register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq) - cut_in_off)/cut_in_diff;
            forcecoul  *= rsw*rsw*(3.0 - 2.0*rsw);
          }
          if (rsq > cut_out_on_sq) {
            register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq) - cut_out_on)/cut_out_diff;
            forcecoul  *= 1.0 + rsw*rsw*(2.0*rsw-3.0);
          }

          cforce = forcecoul * r2inv;

          //if (evflag) ev_tally(i,j,nlocal,newton_pair,
          //		       evdwl,0.0,cforce,delx,dely,delz);

          // if i,j are not O atoms, force is applied directly
          // if i or j are O atoms, force is on fictitious atom & partitioned
          // force partitioning due to Feenstra, J Comp Chem, 20, 786 (1999)
          // f_f = fictitious force, fO = f_f (1 - 2 alpha), fH = alpha f_f
          // preserves total force and torque on water molecule
          // virial = sum(r x F) where each water's atoms are near xi and xj
          // vlist stores 2,4,6 atoms whose forces contribute to virial

          if (itype != typeO) {
            f[i][0] += delx * cforce;
            f[i][1] += dely * cforce;
            f[i][2] += delz * cforce;

          } else {
            fd[0] = delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[i][0] += fO[0];
            f[i][1] += fO[1];
            f[i][2] += fO[2];

            f[iH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[iH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH2][2] += fH[2];
          }

          if (jtype != typeO) {
            f[j][0] -= delx * cforce;
            f[j][1] -= dely * cforce;
            f[j][2] -= delz * cforce;

          } else {
            fd[0] = -delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = -dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = -delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[j][0] += fO[0];
            f[j][1] += fO[1];
            f[j][2] += fO[2];

            f[jH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[jH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH2][2] += fH[2];
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::compute_outer(int eflag, int vflag)
{
  int i,j,ii,jj,inum,jnum,itype,jtype;
  int n,vlist[6];
  int key;
  int iH1,iH2,jH1,jH2;
  double qtmp,xtmp,ytmp,ztmp,delx,dely,delz,evdwl,ecoul;
  double r2inv,forcecoul,forcelj,cforce, respa_coul, respa_lj, frespa,fvirial;
  double fO[3],fH[3],fd[3],v[6];
  double *x1,*x2,*xH1,*xH2;
  int *ilist,*jlist,*numneigh,**firstneigh;
  double rsq,qri;
  int respa_flag;

  evdwl = ecoul = 0.0;
  if (eflag || vflag) ev_setup(eflag,vflag);
  else evflag = vflag_fdotr = 0;

  // reallocate hneigh & newsite if necessary
  // initialize hneigh[0] to -1 on steps when reneighboring occurred
  // initialize hneigh[2] to 0 every step

  int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
  int nall = nlocal + atom->nghost;

  if (atom->nmax > nmax) {
    nmax = atom->nmax;
    memory->destroy(hneigh);
    memory->create(hneigh,nmax,3,"pair:hneigh");
    memory->destroy(newsite);
    memory->create(newsite,nmax,3,"pair:newsite");
  }
  if (neighbor->ago == 0) {
    for (i = 0; i < nall; i++) hneigh[i][0] = -1;
    for (i = 0; i < nall; i++) hneigh[i][2] = 0;
  }

  double **f = atom->f;
  double **x = atom->x;
  double *q = atom->q;
  tagint *tag = atom->tag;
  int *type = atom->type;
  double *special_coul = force->special_coul;
  double *special_lj = force->special_lj;
  int newton_pair = force->newton_pair;
  double qqrd2e = force->qqrd2e;
  double cut_coulsqplus = (cut_coul+2.0*qdist)*(cut_coul+2.0*qdist);

  int order1 = ewald_order&(1<<1), order6 = ewald_order&(1<<6);
  int ni;
  double *lj1i, *lj2i, *lj3i, *lj4i, *offseti;
  double g2 = g_ewald_6*g_ewald_6, g6 = g2*g2*g2, g8 = g6*g2;

  double cut_in_off = cut_respa[2];
  double cut_in_on = cut_respa[3];

  double cut_in_diff = cut_in_on - cut_in_off;
  double cut_in_off_sq = cut_in_off*cut_in_off;
  double cut_in_on_sq = cut_in_on*cut_in_on;

  inum = listouter->inum;
  ilist = listouter->ilist;
  numneigh = listouter->numneigh;
  firstneigh = listouter->firstneigh;

  // loop over neighbors of my atoms

  for (ii = 0; ii < inum; ii++) {
    i = ilist[ii];
    qtmp = q[i];
    qri = qtmp*qqrd2e;
    xtmp = x[i][0];
    ytmp = x[i][1];
    ztmp = x[i][2];
    itype = type[i];
    if (itype == typeO) {
      if (hneigh[i][0] < 0) {
        iH1 = atom->map(tag[i] + 1);
        iH2 = atom->map(tag[i] + 2);
        if (iH1 == -1 || iH2 == -1)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
        if (atom->type[iH1] != typeH || atom->type[iH2] != typeH)
          error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
        // set iH1,iH2 to closest image to O
        iH1 = domain->closest_image(i,iH1);
        iH2 = domain->closest_image(i,iH2);
        compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        hneigh[i][0] = iH1;
        hneigh[i][1] = iH2;
        hneigh[i][2] = 1;
      } else {
        iH1 = hneigh[i][0];
        iH2 = hneigh[i][1];
        if (hneigh[i][2] == 0) {
          hneigh[i][2] = 1;
          compute_newsite(x[i],x[iH1],x[iH2],newsite[i]);
        }
      }
      x1 = newsite[i];
    } else x1 = x[i];

    jlist = firstneigh[i];
    jnum = numneigh[i];
    offseti = offset[itype];
    lj1i = lj1[itype]; lj2i = lj2[itype]; lj3i = lj3[itype]; lj4i = lj4[itype];

    for (jj = 0; jj < jnum; jj++) {
      j = jlist[jj];
      ni = sbmask(j);
      j &= NEIGHMASK;

      delx = xtmp - x[j][0];
      dely = ytmp - x[j][1];
      delz = ztmp - x[j][2];
      rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
      jtype = type[j];

      respa_coul = 0;
      respa_lj = 0;
      if (rsq < cut_ljsq[itype][jtype]) {			// lj
        frespa = 1.0;                                       // check whether and how to compute respa corrections
        respa_flag = rsq < cut_in_on_sq ? 1 : 0;
        if (respa_flag && (rsq > cut_in_off_sq)) {
          register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq)-cut_in_off)/cut_in_diff;
          frespa = 1-rsw*rsw*(3.0-2.0*rsw);
        }

        r2inv = 1.0/rsq;
        register double rn = r2inv*r2inv*r2inv;
        if (respa_flag) respa_lj = ni == 0 ?                 // correct for respa
                          frespa*rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype]) :
                          frespa*rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype])*special_lj[ni];
        if (order6) {                                        // long-range form
          if (!ndisptablebits || rsq <= tabinnerdispsq) {
            register double x2 = g2*rsq, a2 = 1.0/x2;
            x2 = a2*exp(-x2)*lj4i[jtype];
            if (ni == 0) {
              forcelj =
                (rn*=rn)*lj1i[jtype]-g8*(((6.0*a2+6.0)*a2+3.0)*a2+1.0)*x2*rsq-respa_lj;
              if (eflag) evdwl = rn*lj3i[jtype]-g6*((a2+1.0)*a2+0.5)*x2;
            }
            else {                                        // correct for special
              register double f = special_lj[ni], t = rn*(1.0-f);
              forcelj = f*(rn *= rn)*lj1i[jtype]-
                g8*(((6.0*a2+6.0)*a2+3.0)*a2+1.0)*x2*rsq+t*lj2i[jtype]-respa_lj;
              if (eflag)
                evdwl = f*rn*lj3i[jtype]-g6*((a2+1.0)*a2+0.5)*x2+t*lj4i[jtype];
            }
          }
          else {						// table real space
            register union_int_float_t disp_t;
            disp_t.f = rsq;
            register const int disp_k = (disp_t.i & ndispmask)>>ndispshiftbits;
            register double f_disp = (rsq-rdisptable[disp_k])*drdisptable[disp_k];
            if (ni == 0) {
              forcelj = (rn*=rn)*lj1i[jtype]-(fdisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dfdisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype]-respa_lj;
              if (eflag) evdwl = rn*lj3i[jtype]-(edisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dedisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype];
            }
            else {					// special case
              register double f = special_lj[ni], t = rn*(1.0-f);
              forcelj = f*(rn *= rn)*lj1i[jtype]-(fdisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dfdisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype]+t*lj2i[jtype]-respa_lj;
              if (eflag) evdwl = f*rn*lj3i[jtype]-(edisptable[disp_k]+f_disp*dedisptable[disp_k])*lj4i[jtype]+t*lj4i[jtype];
            }
          }
        }
        else {                                                // cut form
          if (ni == 0) {
            forcelj = rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype])-respa_lj;
            if (eflag) evdwl = rn*(rn*lj3i[jtype]-lj4i[jtype])-offseti[jtype];
          }
          else {                                        // correct for special
            register double f = special_lj[ni];
            forcelj = f*rn*(rn*lj1i[jtype]-lj2i[jtype])-respa_lj;
            if (eflag)
              evdwl = f*(rn*(rn*lj3i[jtype]-lj4i[jtype])-offseti[jtype]);
          }
        }

        forcelj *= r2inv;
        f[i][0] += delx*forcelj;
        f[i][1] += dely*forcelj;
        f[i][2] += delz*forcelj;
        f[j][0] -= delx*forcelj;
        f[j][1] -= dely*forcelj;
        f[j][2] -= delz*forcelj;

        if (evflag) {
          fvirial = forcelj + respa_lj*r2inv;
          ev_tally(i,j,nlocal,newton_pair,
                   evdwl,0.0,fvirial,delx,dely,delz);
        }
      }


      // adjust rsq and delxyz for off-site O charge(s)
      // ADDITIONAL REQEUST REQUIRED HERE!!!!!

      if (rsq < cut_coulsqplus) {
        if (itype == typeO || jtype == typeO) {
          if (jtype == typeO) {
            if (hneigh[j][0] < 0) {
              jH1 = atom->map(tag[j] + 1);
              jH2 = atom->map(tag[j] + 2);
              if (jH1 == -1 || jH2 == -1)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen is missing");
              if (atom->type[jH1] != typeH || atom->type[jH2] != typeH)
                error->one(FLERR,"TIP4P hydrogen has incorrect atom type");
              // set jH1,jH2 to closest image to O
              jH1 = domain->closest_image(j,jH1);
              jH2 = domain->closest_image(j,jH2);
              compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              hneigh[j][0] = jH1;
              hneigh[j][1] = jH2;
              hneigh[j][2] = 1;
            } else {
              jH1 = hneigh[j][0];
              jH2 = hneigh[j][1];
              if (hneigh[j][2] == 0) {
                hneigh[j][2] = 1;
                compute_newsite(x[j],x[jH1],x[jH2],newsite[j]);
              }
            }
            x2 = newsite[j];
          } else x2 = x[j];
          delx = x1[0] - x2[0];
          dely = x1[1] - x2[1];
          delz = x1[2] - x2[2];
          rsq = delx*delx + dely*dely + delz*delz;
        }

        // test current rsq against cutoff and compute Coulombic force
        if ((rsq < cut_coulsq) && order1) {

          frespa = 1.0;                                       // check whether and how to compute respa corrections
          respa_flag = rsq < cut_in_on_sq ? 1 : 0;
          if (respa_flag && (rsq > cut_in_off_sq)) {
            register double rsw = (sqrt(rsq)-cut_in_off)/cut_in_diff;
            frespa = 1-rsw*rsw*(3.0-2.0*rsw);
          }

          r2inv = 1.0 / rsq;
          if (!ncoultablebits || rsq <= tabinnersq) {        // series real space
            register double r = sqrt(rsq), s = qri*q[j];
            if (respa_flag)                                // correct for respa
              respa_coul = ni == 0 ? frespa*s/r : frespa*s/r*special_coul[ni];
            register double x = g_ewald*r, t = 1.0/(1.0+EWALD_P*x);
            if (ni == 0) {
              s *= g_ewald*exp(-x*x);
              forcecoul = (t *= ((((t*A5+A4)*t+A3)*t+A2)*t+A1)*s/x)+EWALD_F*s-respa_coul;
              if (eflag) ecoul = t;
            }
            else {                                        // correct for special
              r = s*(1.0-special_coul[ni])/r; s *= g_ewald*exp(-x*x);
              forcecoul = (t *= ((((t*A5+A4)*t+A3)*t+A2)*t+A1)*s/x)+EWALD_F*s-r-respa_coul;
              if (eflag) ecoul = t-r;
            }
          }                                                // table real space
          else {
            if (respa_flag) {
              register double r = sqrt(rsq), s = qri*q[j];
              respa_coul = ni == 0 ? frespa*s/r : frespa*s/r*special_coul[ni];
            }
            register union_int_float_t t;
            t.f = rsq;
            register const int k = (t.i & ncoulmask) >> ncoulshiftbits;
            register double f = (t.f-rtable[k])*drtable[k], qiqj = qtmp*q[j];
            if (ni == 0) {
              forcecoul = qiqj*(ftable[k]+f*dftable[k]);
              if (eflag) ecoul = qiqj*(etable[k]+f*detable[k]);
            }
            else {                                        // correct for special
              t.f = (1.0-special_coul[ni])*(ctable[k]+f*dctable[k]);
              forcecoul = qiqj*(ftable[k]+f*dftable[k]-t.f);
              if (eflag) {
                t.f = (1.0-special_coul[ni])*(ptable[k]+f*dptable[k]);
                ecoul = qiqj*(etable[k]+f*detable[k]-t.f);
              }
            }
          }

          cforce = forcecoul * r2inv;
          fvirial = (forcecoul + respa_coul) * r2inv;

          // if i,j are not O atoms, force is applied directly
          // if i or j are O atoms, force is on fictitious atom & partitioned
          // force partitioning due to Feenstra, J Comp Chem, 20, 786 (1999)
          // f_f = fictitious force, fO = f_f (1 - 2 alpha), fH = alpha f_f
          // preserves total force and torque on water molecule
          // virial = sum(r x F) where each water's atoms are near xi and xj
          // vlist stores 2,4,6 atoms whose forces contribute to virial

          n = 0;
          key = 0;

          if (itype != typeO) {
            f[i][0] += delx * cforce;
            f[i][1] += dely * cforce;
            f[i][2] += delz * cforce;

            if (vflag) {
              v[0] = x[i][0] * delx * fvirial;
              v[1] = x[i][1] * dely * fvirial;
              v[2] = x[i][2] * delz * fvirial;
              v[3] = x[i][0] * dely * fvirial;
              v[4] = x[i][0] * delz * fvirial;
              v[5] = x[i][1] * delz * fvirial;
            }
            vlist[n++] = i;

          } else {
            key += 1;
            fd[0] = delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[i][0] += fO[0];
            f[i][1] += fO[1];
            f[i][2] += fO[2];

            f[iH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[iH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[iH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[iH2][2] += fH[2];

            if (vflag) {
              fd[0] = delx*fvirial;
              fd[1] = dely*fvirial;
              fd[2] = delz*fvirial;

              fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
              fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
              fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

              fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
              fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
              fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

              xH1 = x[iH1];
              xH2 = x[iH2];
              v[0] = x[i][0]*fO[0] + xH1[0]*fH[0] + xH2[0]*fH[0];
              v[1] = x[i][1]*fO[1] + xH1[1]*fH[1] + xH2[1]*fH[1];
              v[2] = x[i][2]*fO[2] + xH1[2]*fH[2] + xH2[2]*fH[2];
              v[3] = x[i][0]*fO[1] + xH1[0]*fH[1] + xH2[0]*fH[1];
              v[4] = x[i][0]*fO[2] + xH1[0]*fH[2] + xH2[0]*fH[2];
              v[5] = x[i][1]*fO[2] + xH1[1]*fH[2] + xH2[1]*fH[2];
            }
            vlist[n++] = i;
            vlist[n++] = iH1;
            vlist[n++] = iH2;
          }

          if (jtype != typeO) {
            f[j][0] -= delx * cforce;
            f[j][1] -= dely * cforce;
            f[j][2] -= delz * cforce;

            if (vflag) {
              v[0] -= x[j][0] * delx * fvirial;
              v[1] -= x[j][1] * dely * fvirial;
              v[2] -= x[j][2] * delz * fvirial;
              v[3] -= x[j][0] * dely * fvirial;
              v[4] -= x[j][0] * delz * fvirial;
              v[5] -= x[j][1] * delz * fvirial;
            }
            vlist[n++] = j;

          } else {
            key += 2;

            fd[0] = -delx*cforce;
            fd[1] = -dely*cforce;
            fd[2] = -delz*cforce;

            fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
            fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

            fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
            fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
            fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

            f[j][0] += fO[0];
            f[j][1] += fO[1];
            f[j][2] += fO[2];

            f[jH1][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH1][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH1][2] += fH[2];

            f[jH2][0] += fH[0];
            f[jH2][1] += fH[1];
            f[jH2][2] += fH[2];

            if (vflag) {

              fd[0] = -delx*fvirial;
              fd[1] = -dely*fvirial;
              fd[2] = -delz*fvirial;

              fO[0] = fd[0]*(1 - alpha);
              fO[1] = fd[1]*(1 - alpha);
              fO[2] = fd[2]*(1 - alpha);

              fH[0] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[0];
              fH[1] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[1];
              fH[2] = 0.5 * alpha * fd[2];

              xH1 = x[jH1];
              xH2 = x[jH2];

              v[0] += x[j][0]*fO[0] + xH1[0]*fH[0] + xH2[0]*fH[0];
              v[1] += x[j][1]*fO[1] + xH1[1]*fH[1] + xH2[1]*fH[1];
              v[2] += x[j][2]*fO[2] + xH1[2]*fH[2] + xH2[2]*fH[2];
              v[3] += x[j][0]*fO[1] + xH1[0]*fH[1] + xH2[0]*fH[1];
              v[4] += x[j][0]*fO[2] + xH1[0]*fH[2] + xH2[0]*fH[2];
              v[5] += x[j][1]*fO[2] + xH1[1]*fH[2] + xH2[1]*fH[2];
            }
      	    vlist[n++] = j;
            vlist[n++] = jH1;
            vlist[n++] = jH2;
          }

          if (evflag) ev_tally_tip4p(key,vlist,v,ecoul,alpha);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   global settings
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::settings(int narg, char **arg)
{
  if (narg < 8 || narg > 9) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal pair_style command");

  ewald_off = 0;
  ewald_order = 0;
  options(arg, 6);
  options(++arg, 1);
  if (!comm->me && ewald_order&(1<<6))
    error->warning(FLERR,"Mixing forced for lj coefficients");
  if (!comm->me && ewald_order==((1<<1)|(1<<6)))
    error->warning(FLERR,
                   "Using largest cutoff for pair_style lj/long/tip4p/long");
  if (!((ewald_order^ewald_off)&(1<<1)))
    error->all(FLERR,
               "Coulomb cut not supported in pair_style lj/long/tip4p/long");
  typeO = force->inumeric(FLERR,arg[1]);
  typeH = force->inumeric(FLERR,arg[2]);
  typeB = force->inumeric(FLERR,arg[3]);
  typeA = force->inumeric(FLERR,arg[4]);
  qdist = force->numeric(FLERR,arg[5]);


  cut_lj_global = force->numeric(FLERR,arg[6]);
  if (narg == 8) cut_coul = cut_lj_global;
  else cut_coul = force->numeric(FLERR,arg[7]);


  // reset cutoffs that have been explicitly set

  if (allocated) {
    int i,j;
    for (i = 1; i <= atom->ntypes; i++)
      for (j = i; j <= atom->ntypes; j++)
        if (setflag[i][j]) cut_lj[i][j] = cut_lj_global;
  }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   init specific to this pair style
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::init_style()
{
  if (atom->tag_enable == 0)
    error->all(FLERR,"Pair style lj/long/tip4p/long requires atom IDs");
  if (!force->newton_pair)
    error->all(FLERR,"Pair style lj/long/tip4p/long requires newton pair on");
  if (!atom->q_flag)
    error->all(FLERR,"Pair style lj/long/tip4p/long requires atom attribute q");
  if (force->bond == NULL)
    error->all(FLERR,"Must use a bond style with TIP4P potential");
  if (force->angle == NULL)
    error->all(FLERR,"Must use an angle style with TIP4P potential");

  PairLJLongCoulLong::init_style();

  // set alpha parameter

  double theta = force->angle->equilibrium_angle(typeA);
  double blen = force->bond->equilibrium_distance(typeB);
  alpha = qdist / (cos(0.5*theta) * blen);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   init for one type pair i,j and corresponding j,i
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

double PairLJLongTIP4PLong::init_one(int i, int j)
{
  double cut = PairLJLongCoulLong::init_one(i,j);

  // check that LJ epsilon = 0.0 for water H
  // set LJ cutoff to 0.0 for any interaction involving water H
  // so LJ term isn't calculated in compute()

  if ((i == typeH && epsilon[i][i] != 0.0))
    error->all(FLERR,"Water H epsilon must be 0.0 for "
               "pair style lj/long/tip4p/long");

  if (i == typeH || j == typeH)
    cut_ljsq[j][i] = cut_ljsq[i][j] = 0.0;

  return cut;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  proc 0 writes to restart file
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::write_restart_settings(FILE *fp)
{
  fwrite(&typeO,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&typeH,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&typeB,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&typeA,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&qdist,sizeof(double),1,fp);

  fwrite(&cut_lj_global,sizeof(double),1,fp);
  fwrite(&cut_coul,sizeof(double),1,fp);
  fwrite(&offset_flag,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&mix_flag,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&ncoultablebits,sizeof(int),1,fp);
  fwrite(&tabinner,sizeof(double),1,fp);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  proc 0 reads from restart file, bcasts
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::read_restart_settings(FILE *fp)
{
  if (comm->me == 0) {
    fread(&typeO,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&typeH,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&typeB,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&typeA,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&qdist,sizeof(double),1,fp);

    fread(&cut_lj_global,sizeof(double),1,fp);
    fread(&cut_coul,sizeof(double),1,fp);
    fread(&offset_flag,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&mix_flag,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&ncoultablebits,sizeof(int),1,fp);
    fread(&tabinner,sizeof(double),1,fp);
  }

  MPI_Bcast(&typeO,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&typeH,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&typeB,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&typeA,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&qdist,1,MPI_DOUBLE,0,world);

  MPI_Bcast(&cut_lj_global,1,MPI_DOUBLE,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&cut_coul,1,MPI_DOUBLE,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&offset_flag,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&mix_flag,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&ncoultablebits,1,MPI_INT,0,world);
  MPI_Bcast(&tabinner,1,MPI_DOUBLE,0,world);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  compute position xM of fictitious charge site for O atom and 2 H atoms
  return it as xM
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void PairLJLongTIP4PLong::compute_newsite(double *xO, double *xH1,
                                             double *xH2, double *xM)
{
  double delx1 = xH1[0] - xO[0];
  double dely1 = xH1[1] - xO[1];
  double delz1 = xH1[2] - xO[2];

  double delx2 = xH2[0] - xO[0];
  double dely2 = xH2[1] - xO[1];
  double delz2 = xH2[2] - xO[2];

  xM[0] = xO[0] + alpha * 0.5 * (delx1 + delx2);
  xM[1] = xO[1] + alpha * 0.5 * (dely1 + dely2);
  xM[2] = xO[2] + alpha * 0.5 * (delz1 + delz2);
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

void *PairLJLongTIP4PLong::extract(const char *str, int &dim)
{
  dim = 0;
  if (strcmp(str,"qdist") == 0) return (void *) &qdist;
  if (strcmp(str,"typeO") == 0) return (void *) &typeO;
  if (strcmp(str,"typeH") == 0) return (void *) &typeH;
  if (strcmp(str,"typeA") == 0) return (void *) &typeA;
  if (strcmp(str,"typeB") == 0) return (void *) &typeB;
  if (strcmp(str,"cut_coul") == 0) return (void *) &cut_coul;

  const char *ids[] = {
    "B", "sigma", "epsilon", "ewald_order", "ewald_cut", "cut_coul",
    "ewald_mix", "cut_LJ", NULL};
  void *ptrs[] = {
    lj4, sigma, epsilon, &ewald_order, &cut_coul, &cut_coul,
    &mix_flag, &cut_lj_global, NULL};
  int i;

  i=0;
  while (ids[i] != NULL) {
    if (i <=2) dim = 2;
    else dim = 0;

    if (strcmp(ids[i],str) == 0)
      return ptrs[i];

    ++i;
  }
  return NULL;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
   memory usage of hneigh
------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

double PairLJLongTIP4PLong::memory_usage()
{
  double bytes = maxeatom * sizeof(double);
  bytes += maxvatom*6 * sizeof(double);
  bytes += 2 * nmax * sizeof(double);
  return bytes;
}
