of the TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM() macro that can be used by tracepoints.
Tracepoints have helper functions for the TP_printk() called
__print_symbolic() and __print_flags() that lets a numeric number be
displayed as a a human comprehensible text. What is placed in the
TP_printk() is also shown in the tracepoint format file such that
user space tools like perf and trace-cmd can parse the binary data
and express the values too. Unfortunately, the way the TRACE_EVENT()
macro works, anything placed in the TP_printk() will be shown pretty
much exactly as is. The problem arises when enums are used. That's
because unlike macros, enums will not be changed into their values
by the C pre-processor. Thus, the enum string is exported to the
format file, and this makes it useless for user space tools.
The TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM() solves this by converting the enum strings
in the TP_printk() format into their number, and that is what is
shown to user space. For example, the tracepoint tlb_flush currently
has this in its format file:
__print_symbolic(REC->reason,
{ TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, "flush on task switch" },
{ TLB_REMOTE_SHOOTDOWN, "remote shootdown" },
{ TLB_LOCAL_SHOOTDOWN, "local shootdown" },
{ TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN, "local mm shootdown" })
After adding:
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH);
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_REMOTE_SHOOTDOWN);
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_LOCAL_SHOOTDOWN);
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN);
Its format file will contain this:
__print_symbolic(REC->reason,
{ 0, "flush on task switch" },
{ 1, "remote shootdown" },
{ 2, "local shootdown" },
{ 3, "local mm shootdown" })
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Merge tag 'trace-v4.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
"Some clean ups and small fixes, but the biggest change is the addition
of the TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM() macro that can be used by tracepoints.
Tracepoints have helper functions for the TP_printk() called
__print_symbolic() and __print_flags() that lets a numeric number be
displayed as a a human comprehensible text. What is placed in the
TP_printk() is also shown in the tracepoint format file such that user
space tools like perf and trace-cmd can parse the binary data and
express the values too. Unfortunately, the way the TRACE_EVENT()
macro works, anything placed in the TP_printk() will be shown pretty
much exactly as is. The problem arises when enums are used. That's
because unlike macros, enums will not be changed into their values by
the C pre-processor. Thus, the enum string is exported to the format
file, and this makes it useless for user space tools.
The TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM() solves this by converting the enum strings in
the TP_printk() format into their number, and that is what is shown to
user space. For example, the tracepoint tlb_flush currently has this
in its format file:
__print_symbolic(REC->reason,
{ TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, "flush on task switch" },
{ TLB_REMOTE_SHOOTDOWN, "remote shootdown" },
{ TLB_LOCAL_SHOOTDOWN, "local shootdown" },
{ TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN, "local mm shootdown" })
After adding:
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH);
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_REMOTE_SHOOTDOWN);
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_LOCAL_SHOOTDOWN);
TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN);
Its format file will contain this:
__print_symbolic(REC->reason,
{ 0, "flush on task switch" },
{ 1, "remote shootdown" },
{ 2, "local shootdown" },
{ 3, "local mm shootdown" })"
* tag 'trace-v4.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (27 commits)
tracing: Add enum_map file to show enums that have been mapped
writeback: Export enums used by tracepoint to user space
v4l: Export enums used by tracepoints to user space
SUNRPC: Export enums in tracepoints to user space
mm: tracing: Export enums in tracepoints to user space
irq/tracing: Export enums in tracepoints to user space
f2fs: Export the enums in the tracepoints to userspace
net/9p/tracing: Export enums in tracepoints to userspace
x86/tlb/trace: Export enums in used by tlb_flush tracepoint
tracing/samples: Update the trace-event-sample.h with TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM()
tracing: Allow for modules to convert their enums to values
tracing: Add TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM() macro to map enums to their values
tracing: Update trace-event-sample with TRACE_SYSTEM_VAR documentation
tracing: Give system name a pointer
brcmsmac: Move each system tracepoints to their own header
iwlwifi: Move each system tracepoints to their own header
mac80211: Move message tracepoints to their own header
tracing: Add TRACE_SYSTEM_VAR to xhci-hcd
tracing: Add TRACE_SYSTEM_VAR to kvm-s390
tracing: Add TRACE_SYSTEM_VAR to intel-sst
...
Unlike most (all?) other copies from user space, kernel module loading
is almost unlimited in size. So we do a potentially huge
"copy_from_user()" when we copy the module data from user space to the
kernel buffer, which can be a latency concern when preemption is
disabled (or voluntary).
Also, because 'copy_from_user()' clears the tail of the kernel buffer on
failures, even a *failed* copy can end up wasting a lot of time.
Normally neither of these are concerns in real life, but they do trigger
when doing stress-testing with trinity. Running in a VM seems to add
its own overheadm causing trinity module load testing to even trigger
the watchdog.
The simple fix is to just chunk up the module loading, so that it never
tries to copy insanely big areas in one go. That bounds the latency,
and also the amount of (unnecessarily, in this case) cleared memory for
the failure case.
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Update the infrastructure such that modules that declare TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM()
will have those enums converted into their values in the tracepoint
print fmt strings.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87vbhjp74q.fsf@rustcorp.com.au
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Tested-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
init_module(2) passes user-specified buffer length directly to
vmalloc(). It makes warn_alloc_failed() to print out a lot of info into
dmesg if user specified insane size, like -1.
Let's silence the warning. It doesn't add much value to -ENOMEM return
code. Without the patch the syscall is prohibitive noisy for testing
with trinity.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Module unload calls lockdep_free_key_range(), which removes entries
from the data structures. Most of the lockdep code OTOH assumes the
data structures are append only; in specific see the comments in
add_lock_to_list() and look_up_lock_class().
Clearly this has only worked by accident; make it work proper. The
actual scenario to make it go boom would involve the memory freed by
the module unlock being re-allocated and re-used for a lock inside of
a rcu-sched grace period. This is a very unlikely scenario, still
better plug the hole.
Use RCU list iteration in all places and ammend the comments.
Change lockdep_free_key_range() to issue a sync_sched() between
removal from the lists and returning -- which results in the memory
being freed. Further ensure the callers are placed correctly and
comment the requirements.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrey Tsyvarev <tsyvarev@ispras.ru>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Current approach in handling shadow memory for modules is broken.
Shadow memory could be freed only after memory shadow corresponds it is no
longer used. vfree() called from interrupt context could use memory its
freeing to store 'struct llist_node' in it:
void vfree(const void *addr)
{
...
if (unlikely(in_interrupt())) {
struct vfree_deferred *p = this_cpu_ptr(&vfree_deferred);
if (llist_add((struct llist_node *)addr, &p->list))
schedule_work(&p->wq);
Later this list node used in free_work() which actually frees memory.
Currently module_memfree() called in interrupt context will free shadow
before freeing module's memory which could provoke kernel crash.
So shadow memory should be freed after module's memory. However, such
deallocation order could race with kasan_module_alloc() in module_alloc().
Free shadow right before releasing vm area. At this point vfree()'d
memory is not used anymore and yet not available for other allocations.
New VM_KASAN flag used to indicate that vm area has dynamically allocated
shadow memory so kasan frees shadow only if it was previously allocated.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX is enabled, the sizes of
module sections are aligned up so appropriate permissions can
be applied. Adjusting for the symbol table may cause them to
become unaligned. Make sure to re-align the sizes afterward.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
This provides a reliable breakpoint target, required for automatic symbol
loading via the gdb helper command 'lx-symbols'.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ben Widawsky <ben@bwidawsk.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This feature let us to detect accesses out of bounds of global variables.
This will work as for globals in kernel image, so for globals in modules.
Currently this won't work for symbols in user-specified sections (e.g.
__init, __read_mostly, ...)
The idea of this is simple. Compiler increases each global variable by
redzone size and add constructors invoking __asan_register_globals()
function. Information about global variable (address, size, size with
redzone ...) passed to __asan_register_globals() so we could poison
variable's redzone.
This patch also forces module_alloc() to return 8*PAGE_SIZE aligned
address making shadow memory handling (
kasan_module_alloc()/kasan_module_free() ) more simple. Such alignment
guarantees that each shadow page backing modules address space correspond
to only one module_alloc() allocation.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Since the introduction of the nested sleep warning; we've established
that the occasional sleep inside a wait_event() is fine.
wait_event() loops are invariant wrt. spurious wakeups, and the
occasional sleep has a similar effect on them. As long as its occasional
its harmless.
Therefore replace the 'correct' but verbose wait_woken() thing with
a simple annotation to shut up the warning.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Because wait_event() loops are safe vs spurious wakeups we can allow the
occasional sleep -- which ends up being very similar.
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The warning message when loading modules with a wrong signature has
two spaces in it:
"module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing"
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
parse_args call module parameters' .set handlers, which may use locks defined in the module.
So, these classes should be freed in case parse_args returns error(e.g. due to incorrect parameter passed).
Signed-off-by: Andrey Tsyvarev <tsyvarev@ispras.ru>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
James Bottomley points out that it will be -1 during unload. It's
only used for diagnostics, so let's not hide that as it could be a
clue as to what's gone wrong.
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-and-documention-added-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <maasami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The kallsyms routines (module_symbol_name, lookup_module_* etc) disable
preemption to walk the modules rather than taking the module_mutex:
this is because they are used for symbol resolution during oopses.
This works because there are synchronize_sched() and synchronize_rcu()
in the unload and failure paths. However, there's one case which doesn't
have that: the normal case where module loading succeeds, and we free
the init section.
We don't want a synchronize_rcu() there, because it would slow down
module loading: this bug was introduced in 2009 to speed module
loading in the first place.
Thus, we want to do the free in an RCU callback. We do this in the
simplest possible way by allocating a new rcu_head: if we put it in
the module structure we'd have to worry about that getting freed.
Reported-by: Rui Xiang <rui.xiang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Nothing needs the module pointer any more, and the next patch will
call it from RCU, where the module itself might no longer exist.
Removing the arg is the safest approach.
This just codifies the use of the module_alloc/module_free pattern
which ftrace and bpf use.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: linux-cris-kernel@axis.com
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: nios2-dev@lists.rocketboards.org
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Archs have been abusing module_free() to clean up their arch-specific
allocations. Since module_free() is also (ab)used by BPF and trace code,
let's keep it to simple allocations, and provide a hook called before
that.
This means that avr32, ia64, parisc and s390 no longer need to implement
their own module_free() at all. avr32 doesn't need module_finalize()
either.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
removal. This is possible by using a simple atomic_t for the counter,
rather than our fancy per-cpu counter: it turns out that no one is doing
a module increment per net packet, so the slowdown should be in the noise.
Also, script fixed for new git version.
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module updates from Rusty Russell:
"The exciting thing here is the getting rid of stop_machine on module
removal. This is possible by using a simple atomic_t for the counter,
rather than our fancy per-cpu counter: it turns out that no one is
doing a module increment per net packet, so the slowdown should be in
the noise"
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
param: do not set store func without write perm
params: cleanup sysfs allocation
kernel:module Fix coding style errors and warnings.
module: Remove stop_machine from module unloading
module: Replace module_ref with atomic_t refcnt
lib/bug: Use RCU list ops for module_bug_list
module: Unlink module with RCU synchronizing instead of stop_machine
module: Wait for RCU synchronizing before releasing a module
Remove stop_machine from module unloading by adding new reference
counting algorithm.
This atomic refcounter works like a semaphore, it can get (be
incremented) only when the counter is not 0. When loading a module,
kmodule subsystem sets the counter MODULE_REF_BASE (= 1). And when
unloading the module, it subtracts MODULE_REF_BASE from the counter.
If no one refers the module, the refcounter becomes 0 and we can
remove the module safely. If someone referes it, we try to recover
the counter by adding MODULE_REF_BASE unless the counter becomes 0,
because the referrer can put the module right before recovering.
If the recovering is failed, we can get the 0 refcount and it
never be incremented again, it can be removed safely too.
Note that __module_get() forcibly gets the module refcounter,
users should use try_module_get() instead of that.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Replace module_ref per-cpu complex reference counter with
an atomic_t simple refcnt. This is for code simplification.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Actually since module_bug_list should be used in BUG context,
we may not need this. But for someone who want to use this
from normal context, this makes module_bug_list an RCU list.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Unlink module from module list with RCU synchronizing instead
of using stop_machine(). Since module list is already protected
by rcu, we don't need stop_machine() anymore.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Wait for RCU synchronizing on failure path of module loading
before releasing struct module, because the memory of mod->list
can still be accessed by list walkers (e.g. kallsyms).
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This is a genuine bug in add_unformed_module(), we cannot use blocking
primitives inside a wait loop.
So rewrite the wait_event_interruptible() usage to use the fresh
wait_woken() stuff.
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: ilya.dryomov@inktank.com
Cc: umgwanakikbuti@gmail.com
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140924082242.458562904@infradead.org
[ So this is probably complex to backport and the race wasn't reported AFAIK,
so not marked for -stable. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
A panic was seen in the following sitation.
There are two threads running on the system. The first thread is a system
monitoring thread that is reading /proc/modules. The second thread is
loading and unloading a module (in this example I'm using my simple
dummy-module.ko). Note, in the "real world" this occurred with the qlogic
driver module.
When doing this, the following panic occurred:
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at kernel/module.c:3739!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: binfmt_misc sg nfsv3 rpcsec_gss_krb5 nfsv4 dns_resolver nfs fscache intel_powerclamp coretemp kvm_intel kvm crct10dif_pclmul crc32_pclmul crc32c_intel ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel lrw igb gf128mul glue_helper iTCO_wdt iTCO_vendor_support ablk_helper ptp sb_edac cryptd pps_core edac_core shpchp i2c_i801 pcspkr wmi lpc_ich ioatdma mfd_core dca ipmi_si nfsd ipmi_msghandler auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd sunrpc xfs libcrc32c sr_mod cdrom sd_mod crc_t10dif crct10dif_common mgag200 syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt i2c_algo_bit drm_kms_helper ttm isci drm libsas ahci libahci scsi_transport_sas libata i2c_core dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod [last unloaded: dummy_module]
CPU: 37 PID: 186343 Comm: cat Tainted: GF O-------------- 3.10.0+ #7
Hardware name: Intel Corporation S2600CP/S2600CP, BIOS RMLSDP.86I.00.29.D696.1311111329 11/11/2013
task: ffff8807fd2d8000 ti: ffff88080fa7c000 task.ti: ffff88080fa7c000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810d64c5>] [<ffffffff810d64c5>] module_flags+0xb5/0xc0
RSP: 0018:ffff88080fa7fe18 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000003 RBX: ffffffffa03b5200 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000001000 RSI: ffff88080fa7fe38 RDI: ffffffffa03b5000
RBP: ffff88080fa7fe28 R08: 0000000000000010 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 000000000000000f R12: ffffffffa03b5000
R13: ffffffffa03b5008 R14: ffffffffa03b5200 R15: ffffffffa03b5000
FS: 00007f6ae57ef740(0000) GS:ffff88101e7a0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000404f70 CR3: 0000000ffed48000 CR4: 00000000001407e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Stack:
ffffffffa03b5200 ffff8810101e4800 ffff88080fa7fe70 ffffffff810d666c
ffff88081e807300 000000002e0f2fbf 0000000000000000 ffff88100f257b00
ffffffffa03b5008 ffff88080fa7ff48 ffff8810101e4800 ffff88080fa7fee0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff810d666c>] m_show+0x19c/0x1e0
[<ffffffff811e4d7e>] seq_read+0x16e/0x3b0
[<ffffffff812281ed>] proc_reg_read+0x3d/0x80
[<ffffffff811c0f2c>] vfs_read+0x9c/0x170
[<ffffffff811c1a58>] SyS_read+0x58/0xb0
[<ffffffff81605829>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Code: 48 63 c2 83 c2 01 c6 04 03 29 48 63 d2 eb d9 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 63 d2 c6 04 13 2d 41 8b 0c 24 8d 50 02 83 f9 01 75 b2 eb cb <0f> 0b 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 48 89 e5 41
RIP [<ffffffff810d64c5>] module_flags+0xb5/0xc0
RSP <ffff88080fa7fe18>
Consider the two processes running on the system.
CPU 0 (/proc/modules reader)
CPU 1 (loading/unloading module)
CPU 0 opens /proc/modules, and starts displaying data for each module by
traversing the modules list via fs/seq_file.c:seq_open() and
fs/seq_file.c:seq_read(). For each module in the modules list, seq_read
does
op->start() <-- this is a pointer to m_start()
op->show() <- this is a pointer to m_show()
op->stop() <-- this is a pointer to m_stop()
The m_start(), m_show(), and m_stop() module functions are defined in
kernel/module.c. The m_start() and m_stop() functions acquire and release
the module_mutex respectively.
ie) When reading /proc/modules, the module_mutex is acquired and released
for each module.
m_show() is called with the module_mutex held. It accesses the module
struct data and attempts to write out module data. It is in this code
path that the above BUG_ON() warning is encountered, specifically m_show()
calls
static char *module_flags(struct module *mod, char *buf)
{
int bx = 0;
BUG_ON(mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED);
...
The other thread, CPU 1, in unloading the module calls the syscall
delete_module() defined in kernel/module.c. The module_mutex is acquired
for a short time, and then released. free_module() is called without the
module_mutex. free_module() then sets mod->state = MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED,
also without the module_mutex. Some additional code is called and then the
module_mutex is reacquired to remove the module from the modules list:
/* Now we can delete it from the lists */
mutex_lock(&module_mutex);
stop_machine(__unlink_module, mod, NULL);
mutex_unlock(&module_mutex);
This is the sequence of events that leads to the panic.
CPU 1 is removing dummy_module via delete_module(). It acquires the
module_mutex, and then releases it. CPU 1 has NOT set dummy_module->state to
MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED yet.
CPU 0, which is reading the /proc/modules, acquires the module_mutex and
acquires a pointer to the dummy_module which is still in the modules list.
CPU 0 calls m_show for dummy_module. The check in m_show() for
MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED passed for dummy_module even though it is being
torn down.
Meanwhile CPU 1, which has been continuing to remove dummy_module without
holding the module_mutex, now calls free_module() and sets
dummy_module->state to MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED.
CPU 0 now calls module_flags() with dummy_module and ...
static char *module_flags(struct module *mod, char *buf)
{
int bx = 0;
BUG_ON(mod->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED);
and BOOM.
Acquire and release the module_mutex lock around the setting of
MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED in the teardown path, which should resolve the
problem.
Testing: In the unpatched kernel I can panic the system within 1 minute by
doing
while (true) do insmod dummy_module.ko; rmmod dummy_module.ko; done
and
while (true) do cat /proc/modules; done
in separate terminals.
In the patched kernel I was able to run just over one hour without seeing
any issues. I also verified the output of panic via sysrq-c and the output
of /proc/modules looks correct for all three states for the dummy_module.
dummy_module 12661 0 - Unloading 0xffffffffa03a5000 (OE-)
dummy_module 12661 0 - Live 0xffffffffa03bb000 (OE)
dummy_module 14015 1 - Loading 0xffffffffa03a5000 (OE+)
Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
- eBPF JIT compiler for arm64
- CPU suspend backend for PSCI (firmware interface) with standard idle
states defined in DT (generic idle driver to be merged via a different
tree)
- Support for CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX
- Support for unmapped cpu-release-addr (outside kernel linear mapping)
- set_arch_dma_coherent_ops() implemented and bus notifiers removed
- EFI_STUB improvements when base of DRAM is occupied
- Typos in KGDB macros
- Clean-up to (partially) allow kernel building with LLVM
- Other clean-ups (extern keyword, phys_addr_t usage)
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
- eBPF JIT compiler for arm64
- CPU suspend backend for PSCI (firmware interface) with standard idle
states defined in DT (generic idle driver to be merged via a
different tree)
- Support for CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX
- Support for unmapped cpu-release-addr (outside kernel linear mapping)
- set_arch_dma_coherent_ops() implemented and bus notifiers removed
- EFI_STUB improvements when base of DRAM is occupied
- Typos in KGDB macros
- Clean-up to (partially) allow kernel building with LLVM
- Other clean-ups (extern keyword, phys_addr_t usage)
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (51 commits)
arm64: Remove unneeded extern keyword
ARM64: make of_device_ids const
arm64: Use phys_addr_t type for physical address
aarch64: filter $x from kallsyms
arm64: Use DMA_ERROR_CODE to denote failed allocation
arm64: Fix typos in KGDB macros
arm64: insn: Add return statements after BUG_ON()
arm64: debug: don't re-enable debug exceptions on return from el1_dbg
Revert "arm64: dmi: Add SMBIOS/DMI support"
arm64: Implement set_arch_dma_coherent_ops() to replace bus notifiers
of: amba: use of_dma_configure for AMBA devices
arm64: dmi: Add SMBIOS/DMI support
arm64: Correct ftrace calls to aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm()
arm64:mm: initialize max_mapnr using function set_max_mapnr
setup: Move unmask of async interrupts after possible earlycon setup
arm64: LLVMLinux: Fix inline arm64 assembly for use with clang
arm64: pageattr: Correctly adjust unaligned start addresses
net: bpf: arm64: fix module memory leak when JIT image build fails
arm64: add PSCI CPU_SUSPEND based cpu_suspend support
arm64: kernel: introduce cpu_init_idle CPU operation
...
Similar to ARM, AArch64 is generating $x and $d syms... which isn't
terribly helpful when looking at %pF output and the like. Filter those
out in kallsyms, modpost and when looking at module symbols.
Seems simplest since none of these check EM_ARM anyway, to just add it
to the strchr used, rather than trying to make things overly
complicated.
initcall_debug improves:
dmesg_before.txt: initcall $x+0x0/0x154 [sg] returned 0 after 26331 usecs
dmesg_after.txt: initcall init_sg+0x0/0x154 [sg] returned 0 after 15461 usecs
Signed-off-by: Kyle McMartin <kyle@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Make it clear this is about kernel_param_ops, not kernel_param (which
will soon have a flags field of its own). No functional changes.
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jon Mason <jon.mason@intel.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Signed-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The commit
4982223e51 module: set nx before marking module MODULE_STATE_COMING.
introduced a regression: if a module fails to parse its arguments or
if mod_sysfs_setup fails, then the module's memory will be freed
while still read-only. Anything that reuses that memory will crash
as soon as it tries to write to it.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.16
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Symbols starting with .L are ELF local symbols and should not appear
in ELF symbol tables. However, unfortunately ARM binutils leaks the
.LANCHOR symbols into the symbol table, which leads kallsyms to report
these symbols rather than the real name. It is not very useful when
%pf reports symbols against these leaked .LANCHOR symbols.
Arrange for kallsyms to ignore these symbols using the same mechanism
that is used for the ARM mapping symbols.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
It is just a small optimization that allows to replace few
occurrences of within_module_init() || within_module_core()
with a single call.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Per further discussion with NIST, the requirements for FIPS state that
we only need to panic the system on failed kernel module signature checks
for crypto subsystem modules. This moves the fips-mode-only module
signature check out of the generic module loading code, into the crypto
subsystem, at points where we can catch both algorithm module loads and
mode module loads. At the same time, make CONFIG_CRYPTO_FIPS dependent on
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG, as this is entirely necessary for FIPS mode.
v2: remove extraneous blank line, perform checks in static inline
function, drop no longer necessary fips.h include.
CC: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
CC: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
CC: Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarod Wilson <jarod@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
re-add the perm check (we unified the module param and sysfs checks, but
the module ones were stronger so we weakened them temporarily).
Param parsing gets documented, and also "--" now forces args to be
handed to init (and ignored by the kernel).
Module NX/RO protections get tightened: we now set them before calling
parse_args().
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module updates from Rusty Russell:
"Most of this is cleaning up various driver sysfs permissions so we can
re-add the perm check (we unified the module param and sysfs checks,
but the module ones were stronger so we weakened them temporarily).
Param parsing gets documented, and also "--" now forces args to be
handed to init (and ignored by the kernel).
Module NX/RO protections get tightened: we now set them before calling
parse_args()"
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
module: set nx before marking module MODULE_STATE_COMING.
samples/kobject/: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/hid/hid-picolcd_fb: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/staging/speakup/: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/regulator/virtual: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/scsi/pm8001/pm8001_ctl.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/hid/hid-lg4ff.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/video/fbdev/sm501fb.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
drivers/mtd/devices/docg3.c: avoid world-writable sysfs files.
speakup: fix incorrect perms on speakup_acntsa.c
cpumask.h: silence warning with -Wsign-compare
Documentation: Update kernel-parameters.tx
param: hand arguments after -- straight to init
modpost: Fix resource leak in read_dump()
We currently set RO & NX on modules very late: after we move them from
MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED to MODULE_STATE_COMING, and after we call
parse_args() (which can exec code in the module).
Much better is to do it in complete_formation() and then call
the notifier.
This means that the notifiers will be called on a module which
is already RO & NX, so that may cause problems (ftrace already
changed so they're unaffected).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
giving only false positives (now we finally figured out why).
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module fixes from Rusty Russell:
"Fixed one missing place for the new taint flag, and remove a warning
giving only false positives (now we finally figured out why)"
* tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
module: remove warning about waiting module removal.
Fix: tracing: use 'E' instead of 'X' for unsigned module taint flag
A race exists between module loading and enabling of function tracer.
CPU 1 CPU 2
----- -----
load_module()
module->state = MODULE_STATE_COMING
register_ftrace_function()
mutex_lock(&ftrace_lock);
ftrace_startup()
update_ftrace_function();
ftrace_arch_code_modify_prepare()
set_all_module_text_rw();
<enables-ftrace>
ftrace_arch_code_modify_post_process()
set_all_module_text_ro();
[ here all module text is set to RO,
including the module that is
loading!! ]
blocking_notifier_call_chain(MODULE_STATE_COMING);
ftrace_init_module()
[ tries to modify code, but it's RO, and fails!
ftrace_bug() is called]
When this race happens, ftrace_bug() will produces a nasty warning and
all of the function tracing features will be disabled until reboot.
The simple solution is to treate module load the same way the core
kernel is treated at boot. To hardcode the ftrace function modification
of converting calls to mcount into nops. This is done in init/main.c
there's no reason it could not be done in load_module(). This gives
a better control of the changes and doesn't tie the state of the
module to its notifiers as much. Ftrace is special, it needs to be
treated as such.
The reason this would work, is that the ftrace_module_init() would be
called while the module is in MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED, which is ignored
by the set_all_module_text_ro() call.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1395637826-3312-1-git-send-email-indou.takao@jp.fujitsu.com
Reported-by: Takao Indoh <indou.takao@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.38+
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The kernel passes any args it doesn't need through to init, except it
assumes anything containing '.' belongs to the kernel (for a module).
This change means all users can clearly distinguish which arguments
are for init.
For example, the kernel uses debug ("dee-bug") to mean log everything to
the console, where systemd uses the debug from the Scandinavian "day-boog"
meaning "fail to boot". If a future versions uses argv[] instead of
reading /proc/cmdline, this confusion will be avoided.
eg: test 'FOO="this is --foo"' -- 'systemd.debug="true true true"'
Gives:
argv[0] = '/debug-init'
argv[1] = 'test'
argv[2] = 'systemd.debug=true true true'
envp[0] = 'HOME=/'
envp[1] = 'TERM=linux'
envp[2] = 'FOO=this is --foo'
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
We remove the waiting module removal in commit 3f2b9c9cdf (September
2013), but it turns out that modprobe in kmod (< version 16) was
asking for waiting module removal. No one noticed since modprobe would
check for 0 usage immediately before trying to remove the module, and
the race is unlikely.
However, it means that anyone running old (but not ancient) kmod
versions is hitting the printk designed to see if anyone was running
"rmmod -w". All reports so far have been false positives, so remove
the warning.
Fixes: 3f2b9c9cdf
Reported-by: Valerio Vanni <valerio.vanni@inwind.it>
Cc: Elliott, Robert (Server Storage) <Elliott@hp.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Acked-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The initialization of a structure is not subject to synchronization.
The use of __this_cpu would trigger a false positive with the additional
preemption checks for __this_cpu ops.
So simply disable the check through the use of raw_cpu ops.
Trace:
__this_cpu_write operation in preemptible [00000000] code: modprobe/286
caller is __this_cpu_preempt_check+0x38/0x60
CPU: 3 PID: 286 Comm: modprobe Tainted: GF 3.12.0-rc4+ #187
Call Trace:
dump_stack+0x4e/0x82
check_preemption_disabled+0xec/0x110
__this_cpu_preempt_check+0x38/0x60
load_module+0xcfd/0x2650
SyS_init_module+0xa6/0xd0
tracesys+0xe1/0xe6
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
a staging driver; fix included. Greg KH said he'd take the patch
but hadn't as the merge window opened, so it's included here
to avoid breaking build.
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module updates from Rusty Russell:
"Nothing major: the stricter permissions checking for sysfs broke a
staging driver; fix included. Greg KH said he'd take the patch but
hadn't as the merge window opened, so it's included here to avoid
breaking build"
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
staging: fix up speakup kobject mode
Use 'E' instead of 'X' for unsigned module taint flag.
VERIFY_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS: stricter checking for sysfs perms.
kallsyms: fix percpu vars on x86-64 with relocation.
kallsyms: generalize address range checking
module: LLVMLinux: Remove unused function warning from __param_check macro
Fix: module signature vs tracepoints: add new TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE
module: remove MODULE_GENERIC_TABLE
module: allow multiple calls to MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE() per module
module: use pr_cont
Pull x86 LTO changes from Peter Anvin:
"More infrastructure work in preparation for link-time optimization
(LTO). Most of these changes is to make sure symbols accessed from
assembly code are properly marked as visible so the linker doesn't
remove them.
My understanding is that the changes to support LTO are still not
upstream in binutils, but are on the way there. This patchset should
conclude the x86-specific changes, and remaining patches to actually
enable LTO will be fed through the Kbuild tree (other than keeping up
with changes to the x86 code base, of course), although not
necessarily in this merge window"
* 'x86-asmlinkage-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (25 commits)
Kbuild, lto: Handle basic LTO in modpost
Kbuild, lto: Disable LTO for asm-offsets.c
Kbuild, lto: Add a gcc-ld script to let run gcc as ld
Kbuild, lto: add ld-version and ld-ifversion macros
Kbuild, lto: Drop .number postfixes in modpost
Kbuild, lto, workaround: Don't warn for initcall_reference in modpost
lto: Disable LTO for sys_ni
lto: Handle LTO common symbols in module loader
lto, workaround: Add workaround for initcall reordering
lto: Make asmlinkage __visible
x86, lto: Disable LTO for the x86 VDSO
initconst, x86: Fix initconst mistake in ts5500 code
initconst: Fix initconst mistake in dcdbas
asmlinkage: Make trace_hardirqs_on/off_caller visible
asmlinkage, x86: Fix 32bit memcpy for LTO
asmlinkage Make __stack_chk_failed and memcmp visible
asmlinkage: Mark rwsem functions that can be called from assembler asmlinkage
asmlinkage: Make main_extable_sort_needed visible
asmlinkage, mutex: Mark __visible
asmlinkage: Make trace_hardirq visible
...
Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> says:
> The letter 'X' has been already used for SUSE kernels for very long
> time, to indicate the external supported modules. Can the new flag be
> changed to another letter for avoiding conflict...?
> (BTW, we also use 'N' for "no support", too.)
Note: this code should be cleaned up, so we don't have such maps in
three places!
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Rename TAINT_UNSAFE_SMP to TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC, so we can repurpose
the flag to encompass a wider range of pushing the CPU beyond its
warrany.
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@fedoraproject.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140226154949.GA770@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Users have reported being unable to trace non-signed modules loaded
within a kernel supporting module signature.
This is caused by tracepoint.c:tracepoint_module_coming() refusing to
take into account tracepoints sitting within force-loaded modules
(TAINT_FORCED_MODULE). The reason for this check, in the first place, is
that a force-loaded module may have a struct module incompatible with
the layout expected by the kernel, and can thus cause a kernel crash
upon forced load of that module on a kernel with CONFIG_TRACEPOINTS=y.
Tracepoints, however, specifically accept TAINT_OOT_MODULE and
TAINT_CRAP, since those modules do not lead to the "very likely system
crash" issue cited above for force-loaded modules.
With kernels having CONFIG_MODULE_SIG=y (signed modules), a non-signed
module is tainted re-using the TAINT_FORCED_MODULE taint flag.
Unfortunately, this means that Tracepoints treat that module as a
force-loaded module, and thus silently refuse to consider any tracepoint
within this module.
Since an unsigned module does not fit within the "very likely system
crash" category of tainting, add a new TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE taint flag
to specifically address this taint behavior, and accept those modules
within Tracepoints. We use the letter 'X' as a taint flag character for
a module being loaded that doesn't know how to sign its name (proposed
by Steven Rostedt).
Also add the missing 'O' entry to trace event show_module_flags() list
for the sake of completeness.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
NAKed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
CC: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
CC: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
When dumping loaded modules, we print them one by one in separate
printks. Let's use pr_cont as they are continuation prints.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Here is the workaround I made for having the kernel not reject modules
built with -flto. The clean solution would be to get the compiler to not
emit the symbol. Or if it has to emit the symbol, then emit it as
initialized data but put it into a comdat/linkonce section.
Minor tweaks by AK over Joe's patch.
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1391846481-31491-5-git-send-email-ak@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Add missing \n and also follow commit bddb12b3 "kernel/module.c: use pr_foo()".
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
kernel/module.c uses a mix of printk(KERN_foo and pr_foo(). Convert it
all to pr_foo and make the offered cleanups.
Not sure what to do about the printk(KERN_DEFAULT). We don't have a
pr_default().
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Frantisek Hrbata <fhrbata@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This adds the .init_array section as yet another section with constructors. This
is needed because gcc could add __gcov_init calls to .init_array or .ctors
section, depending on gcc (and binutils) version .
v2: - reuse mod->ctors for .init_array section for modules, because gcc uses
.ctors or .init_array, but not both at the same time
v3: - fail to load if that does happen somehow.
Signed-off-by: Frantisek Hrbata <fhrbata@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The option to wait for a module reference count to reach zero was in
the initial module implementation, but it was never supported in
modprobe (you had to use rmmod --wait). After discussion with Lucas,
It has been deprecated (with a 10 second sleep) in kmod for the last
year.
This finally removes it: the flag will evoke a printk warning and a
normal (non-blocking) remove attempt.
Cc: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Pull vfs pile 1 from Al Viro:
"Unfortunately, this merge window it'll have a be a lot of small piles -
my fault, actually, for not keeping #for-next in anything that would
resemble a sane shape ;-/
This pile: assorted fixes (the first 3 are -stable fodder, IMO) and
cleanups + %pd/%pD formats (dentry/file pathname, up to 4 last
components) + several long-standing patches from various folks.
There definitely will be a lot more (starting with Miklos'
check_submount_and_drop() series)"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (26 commits)
direct-io: Handle O_(D)SYNC AIO
direct-io: Implement generic deferred AIO completions
add formats for dentry/file pathnames
kvm eventfd: switch to fdget
powerpc kvm: use fdget
switch fchmod() to fdget
switch epoll_ctl() to fdget
switch copy_module_from_fd() to fdget
git simplify nilfs check for busy subtree
ibmasmfs: don't bother passing superblock when not needed
don't pass superblock to hypfs_{mkdir,create*}
don't pass superblock to hypfs_diag_create_files
don't pass superblock to hypfs_vm_create_files()
oprofile: get rid of pointless forward declarations of struct super_block
oprofilefs_create_...() do not need superblock argument
oprofilefs_mkdir() doesn't need superblock argument
don't bother with passing superblock to oprofile_create_stats_files()
oprofile: don't bother with passing superblock to ->create_files()
don't bother passing sb to oprofile_create_files()
coh901318: don't open-code simple_read_from_buffer()
...
For some strings, they are permitted to be larger than PAGE_SIZE, so
need use scnprintf() instead of sprintf(), or it will cause issue.
One case is:
if a module version is crazy defined (length more than PAGE_SIZE),
'modinfo' command is still OK (print full contents),
but for "cat /sys/modules/'modname'/version", will cause issue in kernel.
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The ops that uses param_set_bool_enable_only() as its set function can
easily handle being used without an argument. There's no reason to
fail the loading of the module if it does not have one.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
ignore that.
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module updates from Rusty Russell:
"Nothing interesting. Except the most embarrassing bugfix ever. But
let's ignore that"
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
module: cleanup call chain.
module: do percpu allocation after uniqueness check. No, really!
modules: don't fail to load on unknown parameters.
ABI: Clarify when /sys/module/MODULENAME is created
There is no /sys/parameters
module: don't modify argument of module_kallsyms_lookup_name()
v3.8-rc1-5-g1fb9341 was supposed to stop parallel kvm loads exhausting
percpu memory on large machines:
Now we have a new state MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED, we can insert the
module into the list (and thus guarantee its uniqueness) before we
allocate the per-cpu region.
In my defence, it didn't actually say the patch did this. Just that
we "can".
This patch actually *does* it.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Tested-by: Jim Hull <jim.hull@hp.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # 3.8
Although parameters are supposed to be part of the kernel API, experimental
parameters are often removed. In addition, downgrading a kernel might cause
previously-working modules to fail to load.
On balance, it's probably better to warn, and load the module anyway.
This may let through a typo, but at least the logs will show it.
Reported-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
If we pass a pointer to a const string in the form "module:symbol"
module_kallsyms_lookup_name() will try to split the string at the colon,
i.e., will try to modify r/o data. That will, in fact, fail on a kernel
with enabled CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA.
Avoid modifying the passed string in module_kallsyms_lookup_name(),
modify find_module_all() instead to pass it the module name length.
Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
As kmemleak now scans all module sections that are allocated, writable
and non executable, there's no need to scan individual sections that
might reference data.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Instead of just picking data sections by name (names that start
with .data, .bss or .ref.data), use the section flags and scan all
sections that are allocated, writable and not executable. Which should
cover all sections of a module that might reference data.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: removed unused 'name' variable]
[catalin.marinas@arm.com: collapsed 'if' blocks]
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Otherwise we get a race between unload and reload of the same module:
the new module doesn't see the old one in the list, but then fails because
it can't register over the still-extant entries in sysfs:
[ 103.981925] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 103.986902] WARNING: at fs/sysfs/dir.c:536 sysfs_add_one+0xab/0xd0()
[ 103.993606] Hardware name: CrownBay Platform
[ 103.998075] sysfs: cannot create duplicate filename '/module/pch_gbe'
[ 104.004784] Modules linked in: pch_gbe(+) [last unloaded: pch_gbe]
[ 104.011362] Pid: 3021, comm: modprobe Tainted: G W 3.9.0-rc5+ #5
[ 104.018662] Call Trace:
[ 104.021286] [<c103599d>] warn_slowpath_common+0x6d/0xa0
[ 104.026933] [<c1168c8b>] ? sysfs_add_one+0xab/0xd0
[ 104.031986] [<c1168c8b>] ? sysfs_add_one+0xab/0xd0
[ 104.037000] [<c1035a4e>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x2e/0x30
[ 104.042188] [<c1168c8b>] sysfs_add_one+0xab/0xd0
[ 104.046982] [<c1168dbe>] create_dir+0x5e/0xa0
[ 104.051633] [<c1168e78>] sysfs_create_dir+0x78/0xd0
[ 104.056774] [<c1262bc3>] kobject_add_internal+0x83/0x1f0
[ 104.062351] [<c126daf6>] ? kvasprintf+0x46/0x60
[ 104.067231] [<c1262ebd>] kobject_add_varg+0x2d/0x50
[ 104.072450] [<c1262f07>] kobject_init_and_add+0x27/0x30
[ 104.078075] [<c1089240>] mod_sysfs_setup+0x80/0x540
[ 104.083207] [<c1260851>] ? module_bug_finalize+0x51/0xc0
[ 104.088720] [<c108ab29>] load_module+0x1429/0x18b0
We can teardown sysfs first, then to be sure, put the state in
MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED so it's ignored while we deconstruct it.
Reported-by: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Fix symbol versioning on architectures with symbol prefixes. Although
the build was free from warnings the actual modules still wouldn't load
as the ____versions table contained unprefixed symbol names, which were
being compared against the prefixed symbol names when checking the
symbol versions.
This is fixed by modifying modpost to add the symbol prefix to the
____versions table it outputs (Modules.symvers still contains unprefixed
symbol names). The check_modstruct_version() function is also fixed as
it checks the version of the unprefixed "module_layout" symbol which
would no longer work.
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Kliegman <kliegs@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (use VMLINUX_SYMBOL_STR)
We have CONFIG_SYMBOL_PREFIX, which three archs define to the string
"_". But Al Viro broke this in "consolidate cond_syscall and
SYSCALL_ALIAS declarations" (in linux-next), and he's not the first to
do so.
Using CONFIG_SYMBOL_PREFIX is awkward, since we usually just want to
prefix it so something. So various places define helpers which are
defined to nothing if CONFIG_SYMBOL_PREFIX isn't set:
1) include/asm-generic/unistd.h defines __SYMBOL_PREFIX.
2) include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h defines VMLINUX_SYMBOL(sym)
3) include/linux/export.h defines MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX.
4) include/linux/kernel.h defines SYMBOL_PREFIX (which differs from #7)
5) kernel/modsign_certificate.S defines ASM_SYMBOL(sym)
6) scripts/modpost.c defines MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX
7) scripts/Makefile.lib defines SYMBOL_PREFIX on the commandline if
CONFIG_SYMBOL_PREFIX is set, so that we have a non-string version
for pasting.
(arch/h8300/include/asm/linkage.h defines SYMBOL_NAME(), too).
Let's solve this properly:
1) No more generic prefix, just CONFIG_HAVE_UNDERSCORE_SYMBOL_PREFIX.
2) Make linux/export.h usable from asm.
3) Define VMLINUX_SYMBOL() and VMLINUX_SYMBOL_STR().
4) Make everyone use them.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reviewed-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Tested-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com> (metag)
Pull vfs pile (part one) from Al Viro:
"Assorted stuff - cleaning namei.c up a bit, fixing ->d_name/->d_parent
locking violations, etc.
The most visible changes here are death of FS_REVAL_DOT (replaced with
"has ->d_weak_revalidate()") and a new helper getting from struct file
to inode. Some bits of preparation to xattr method interface changes.
Misc patches by various people sent this cycle *and* ocfs2 fixes from
several cycles ago that should've been upstream right then.
PS: the next vfs pile will be xattr stuff."
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (46 commits)
saner proc_get_inode() calling conventions
proc: avoid extra pde_put() in proc_fill_super()
fs: change return values from -EACCES to -EPERM
fs/exec.c: make bprm_mm_init() static
ocfs2/dlm: use GFP_ATOMIC inside a spin_lock
ocfs2: fix possible use-after-free with AIO
ocfs2: Fix oops in ocfs2_fast_symlink_readpage() code path
get_empty_filp()/alloc_file() leave both ->f_pos and ->f_version zero
target: writev() on single-element vector is pointless
export kernel_write(), convert open-coded instances
fs: encode_fh: return FILEID_INVALID if invalid fid_type
kill f_vfsmnt
vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op
nfsd: handle vfs_getattr errors in acl protocol
switch vfs_getattr() to struct path
default SET_PERSONALITY() in linux/elf.h
ceph: prepopulate inodes only when request is aborted
d_hash_and_lookup(): export, switch open-coded instances
9p: switch v9fs_set_create_acl() to inode+fid, do it before d_instantiate()
9p: split dropping the acls from v9fs_set_create_acl()
...
1fb9341ac3 made our locking in
load_module more complicated: we grab the mutex once to insert the
module in the list, then again to upgrade it once it's formed.
Since the locking is self-contained, it's neater to do this in
separate functions.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Fix up all callers as they were before, with make one change: an
unsigned module taints the kernel, but doesn't turn off lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Commit 1fb9341ac3 ("module: put modules in list much earlier") moved
some of the module initialization code around, and in the process
changed the exit paths too. But for the duplicate export symbol error
case the change made the ddebug_cleanup path jump to after the module
mutex unlock, even though it happens with the mutex held.
Rusty has some patches to split this function up into some helper
functions, hopefully the mess of complex goto targets will go away
eventually.
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
problem introduced recently by kvm id changes.
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Merge tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module fixes and a virtio block fix from Rusty Russell:
"Various minor fixes, but a slightly more complex one to fix the
per-cpu overload problem introduced recently by kvm id changes."
* tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
module: put modules in list much earlier.
module: add new state MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED.
module: prevent warning when finit_module a 0 sized file
virtio-blk: Don't free ida when disk is in use
If the default iosched is built as module, the kernel may deadlock
while trying to load the iosched module on device probe if the probing
was running off async. This is because async_synchronize_full() at
the end of module init ends up waiting for the async job which
initiated the module loading.
async A modprobe
1. finds a device
2. registers the block device
3. request_module(default iosched)
4. modprobe in userland
5. load and init module
6. async_synchronize_full()
Async A waits for modprobe to finish in request_module() and modprobe
waits for async A to finish in async_synchronize_full().
Because there's no easy to track dependency once control goes out to
userland, implementing properly nested flushing is difficult. For
now, make module init perform async_synchronize_full() iff module init
has queued async jobs as suggested by Linus.
This avoids the described deadlock because iosched module doesn't use
async and thus wouldn't invoke async_synchronize_full(). This is
hacky and incomplete. It will deadlock if async module loading nests;
however, this works around the known problem case and seems to be the
best of bad options.
For more details, please refer to the following thread.
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1420814
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Prarit's excellent bug report:
> In recent Fedora releases (F17 & F18) some users have reported seeing
> messages similar to
>
> [ 15.478160] kvm: Could not allocate 304 bytes percpu data
> [ 15.478174] PERCPU: allocation failed, size=304 align=32, alloc from
> reserved chunk failed
>
> during system boot. In some cases, users have also reported seeing this
> message along with a failed load of other modules.
>
> What is happening is systemd is loading an instance of the kvm module for
> each cpu found (see commit e9bda3b). When the module load occurs the kernel
> currently allocates the modules percpu data area prior to checking to see
> if the module is already loaded or is in the process of being loaded. If
> the module is already loaded, or finishes load, the module loading code
> releases the current instance's module's percpu data.
Now we have a new state MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED, we can insert the
module into the list (and thus guarantee its uniqueness) before we
allocate the per-cpu region.
Reported-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Tested-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
You should never look at such a module, so it's excised from all paths
which traverse the modules list.
We add the state at the end, to avoid gratuitous ABI break (ksplice).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
If we try to finit_module on a file sized 0 bytes vmalloc will
scream and spit out a warning.
Since modules have to be bigger than 0 bytes anyways we can just
check that beforehand and avoid the warning.
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
to verify the source of the module (ChromeOS) and/or use standard IMA on it
or other security hooks.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module update from Rusty Russell:
"Nothing all that exciting; a new module-from-fd syscall for those who
want to verify the source of the module (ChromeOS) and/or use standard
IMA on it or other security hooks."
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
MODSIGN: Fix kbuild output when using default extra_certificates
MODSIGN: Avoid using .incbin in C source
modules: don't hand 0 to vmalloc.
module: Remove a extra null character at the top of module->strtab.
ASN.1: Use the ASN1_LONG_TAG and ASN1_INDEFINITE_LENGTH constants
ASN.1: Define indefinite length marker constant
moduleparam: use __UNIQUE_ID()
__UNIQUE_ID()
MODSIGN: Add modules_sign make target
powerpc: add finit_module syscall.
ima: support new kernel module syscall
add finit_module syscall to asm-generic
ARM: add finit_module syscall to ARM
security: introduce kernel_module_from_file hook
module: add flags arg to sys_finit_module()
module: add syscall to load module from fd
In commit 9c0ece069b ("Get rid of Documentation/feature-removal.txt"),
Linus removed feature-removal-schedule.txt from Documentation, but there
is still some reference to this file. So remove them.
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit d0a21265df David Rientjes unified various archs'
module_alloc implementation (including x86) and removed the graduitous
shortcut for size == 0.
Then, in commit de7d2b567d, Joe Perches added a warning for
zero-length vmallocs, which can happen without kallsyms on modules
with no init sections (eg. zlib_deflate).
Fix this once and for all; the module code has to handle zero length
anyway, so get it right at the caller and remove the now-gratuitous
checks within the arch-specific module_alloc implementations.
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42608
Reported-by: Conrad Kostecki <ConiKost@gmx.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
There is a extra null character('\0') at the top of module->strtab for
each module. Commit 59ef28b introduced this bug and this patch fixes it.
Live dump log of the current linus git kernel(HEAD is 2844a4870):
============================================================================
crash> mod | grep loop
ffffffffa01db0a0 loop 16689 (not loaded) [CONFIG_KALLSYMS]
crash> module.core_symtab ffffffffa01db0a0
core_symtab = 0xffffffffa01db320crash> rd 0xffffffffa01db320 12
ffffffffa01db320: 0000005500000001 0000000000000000 ....U...........
ffffffffa01db330: 0000000000000000 0002007400000002 ............t...
ffffffffa01db340: ffffffffa01d8000 0000000000000038 ........8.......
ffffffffa01db350: 001a00640000000e ffffffffa01daeb0 ....d...........
ffffffffa01db360: 00000000000000a0 0002007400000019 ............t...
ffffffffa01db370: ffffffffa01d8068 000000000000001b h...............
crash> module.core_strtab ffffffffa01db0a0
core_strtab = 0xffffffffa01dbb30 ""
crash> rd 0xffffffffa01dbb30 4
ffffffffa01dbb30: 615f70616d6b0000 66780063696d6f74 ..kmap_atomic.xf
ffffffffa01dbb40: 73636e75665f7265 72665f646e696600 er_funcs.find_fr
============================================================================
We expect Just first one byte of '\0', but actually first two bytes
are '\0'. Here is The relationship between symtab and strtab.
symtab_idx strtab_idx symbol
-----------------------------------------------
0 0x1 "\0" # startab_idx should be 0
1 0x2 "kmap_atomic"
2 0xe "xfer_funcs"
3 0x19 "find_fr..."
By applying this patch, it becomes as follows.
symtab_idx strtab_idx symbol
-----------------------------------------------
0 0x0 "\0" # extra byte is removed
1 0x1 "kmap_atomic"
2 0xd "xfer_funcs"
3 0x18 "find_fr..."
Signed-off-by: Satoru Takeuchi <takeuchi_satoru@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Masaki Kimura <masaki.kimura.kz@hitachi.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Now that kernel module origins can be reasoned about, provide a hook to
the LSMs to make policy decisions about the module file. This will let
Chrome OS enforce that loadable kernel modules can only come from its
read-only hash-verified root filesystem. Other LSMs can, for example,
read extended attributes for signatures, etc.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Thanks to Michael Kerrisk for keeping us honest. These flags are actually
useful for eliminating the only case where kmod has to mangle a module's
internals: for overriding module versioning.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
As part of the effort to create a stronger boundary between root and
kernel, Chrome OS wants to be able to enforce that kernel modules are
being loaded only from our read-only crypto-hash verified (dm_verity)
root filesystem. Since the init_module syscall hands the kernel a module
as a memory blob, no reasoning about the origin of the blob can be made.
Earlier proposals for appending signatures to kernel modules would not be
useful in Chrome OS, since it would involve adding an additional set of
keys to our kernel and builds for no good reason: we already trust the
contents of our root filesystem. We don't need to verify those kernel
modules a second time. Having to do signature checking on module loading
would slow us down and be redundant. All we need to know is where a
module is coming from so we can say yes/no to loading it.
If a file descriptor is used as the source of a kernel module, many more
things can be reasoned about. In Chrome OS's case, we could enforce that
the module lives on the filesystem we expect it to live on. In the case
of IMA (or other LSMs), it would be possible, for example, to examine
extended attributes that may contain signatures over the contents of
the module.
This introduces a new syscall (on x86), similar to init_module, that has
only two arguments. The first argument is used as a file descriptor to
the module and the second argument is a pointer to the NULL terminated
string of module arguments.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (merge fixes)
Masaki found and patched a kallsyms issue: the last symbol in a
module's symtab wasn't transferred. This is because we manually copy
the zero'th entry (which is always empty) then copy the rest in a loop
starting at 1, though from src[0]. His fix was minimal, I prefer to
rewrite the loops in more standard form.
There are two loops: one to get the size, and one to copy. Make these
identical: always count entry 0 and any defined symbol in an allocated
non-init section.
This bug exists since the following commit was introduced.
module: reduce symbol table for loaded modules (v2)
commit: 4a4962263f
LKML: http://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/24/27
Reported-by: Masaki Kimura <masaki.kimura.kz@hitachi.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Emit the magic string that indicates a module has a signature after the
signature data instead of before it. This allows module_sig_check() to
be made simpler and faster by the elimination of the search for the
magic string. Instead we just need to do a single memcmp().
This works because at the end of the signature data there is the
fixed-length signature information block. This block then falls
immediately prior to the magic number.
From the contents of the information block, it is trivial to calculate
the size of the signature data and thus the size of the actual module
data.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If we're in FIPS mode, we should panic if we fail to verify the signature on a
module or we're asked to load an unsigned module in signature enforcing mode.
Possibly FIPS mode should automatically enable enforcing mode.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
We do a very simple search for a particular string appended to the module
(which is cache-hot and about to be SHA'd anyway). There's both a config
option and a boot parameter which control whether we accept or fail with
unsigned modules and modules that are signed with an unknown key.
If module signing is enabled, the kernel will be tainted if a module is
loaded that is unsigned or has a signature for which we don't have the
key.
(Useful feedback and tweaks by David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>)
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The original module-init-tools module loader used a fnctl lock on the
.ko file to avoid attempts to simultaneously load a module.
Unfortunately, you can't get an exclusive fcntl lock on a read-only
fd, making this not work for read-only mounted filesystems.
module-init-tools has a hacky sleep-and-loop for this now.
It's not that hard to wait in the kernel, and only return -EEXIST once
the first module has finished loading (or continue loading the module
if the first one failed to initialize for some reason). It's also
consistent with what we do for dependent modules which are still loading.
Suggested-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
We use resolve_symbol_wait(), which blocks if the module containing
the symbol is still loading. However:
1) The module_wq we use is only woken after calling the modules' init
function, but there are other failure paths after the module is
placed in the linked list where we need to do the same thing.
2) wake_up() only wakes one waiter, and our waitqueue is shared by all
modules, so we need to wake them all.
3) wake_up_all() doesn't imply a memory barrier: I feel happier calling
it after we've grabbed and dropped the module_mutex, not just after
the state assignment.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Use the mapping of Elf_[SPE]hdr, Elf_Addr, Elf_Sym, Elf_Dyn, Elf_Rel/Rela,
ELF_R_TYPE() and ELF_R_SYM() to either the 32-bit version or the 64-bit version
into asm-generic/module.h for all arches bar MIPS.
Also, use the generic definition mod_arch_specific where possible.
To this end, I've defined three new config bools:
(*) HAVE_MOD_ARCH_SPECIFIC
Arches define this if they don't want to use the empty generic
mod_arch_specific struct.
(*) MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
Arches define this if their modules can contain RELA records. This causes
the Elf_Rela mapping to be emitted and allows apply_relocate_add() to be
defined by the arch rather than have the core emit an error message.
(*) MODULES_USE_ELF_REL
Arches define this if their modules can contain REL records. This causes
the Elf_Rel mapping to be emitted and allows apply_relocate() to be
defined by the arch rather than have the core emit an error message.
Note that it is possible to allow both REL and RELA records: m68k and mips are
two arches that do this.
With this, some arch asm/module.h files can be deleted entirely and replaced
with a generic-y marker in the arch Kbuild file.
Additionally, I have removed the bits from m32r and score that handle the
unsupported type of relocation record as that's now handled centrally.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cloudlinux have a product called lve that includes a kernel module. This
was previously GPLed but is now under a proprietary license, but the
module continues to declare MODULE_LICENSE("GPL") and makes use of some
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL symbols. Forcibly taint it in order to avoid this.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Cc: Alex Lyashkov <umka@cloudlinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
The check:
if (len < hdr->e_shoff + hdr->e_shnum * sizeof(Elf_Shdr))
may not work if there's an overflow in the right-hand side of the condition.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This introduces a fake module param $module.dyndbg. Its based upon
Thomas Renninger's $module.ddebug boot-time debugging patch from
https://lkml.org/lkml/2010/9/15/397
The 'fake' module parameter is provided for all modules, whether or
not they need it. It is not explicitly added to each module, but is
implemented in callbacks invoked from parse_args.
For builtin modules, dynamic_debug_init() now directly calls
parse_args(..., &ddebug_dyndbg_boot_params_cb), to process the params
undeclared in the modules, just after the ddebug tables are processed.
While its slightly weird to reprocess the boot params, parse_args() is
already called repeatedly by do_initcall_levels(). More importantly,
the dyndbg queries (given in ddebug_query or dyndbg params) cannot be
activated until after the ddebug tables are ready, and reusing
parse_args is cleaner than doing an ad-hoc parse. This reparse would
break options like inc_verbosity, but they probably should be params,
like verbosity=3.
ddebug_dyndbg_boot_params_cb() handles both bare dyndbg (aka:
ddebug_query) and module-prefixed dyndbg params, and ignores all other
parameters. For example, the following will enable pr_debug()s in 4
builtin modules, in the order given:
dyndbg="module params +p; module aio +p" module.dyndbg=+p pci.dyndbg
For loadable modules, parse_args() in load_module() calls
ddebug_dyndbg_module_params_cb(). This handles bare dyndbg params as
passed from modprobe, and errors on other unknown params.
Note that modprobe reads /proc/cmdline, so "modprobe foo" grabs all
foo.params, strips the "foo.", and passes these to the kernel.
ddebug_dyndbg_module_params_cb() is again called for the unknown
params; it handles dyndbg, and errors on others. The "doing" arg
added previously contains the module name.
For non CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG builds, the stub function accepts
and ignores $module.dyndbg params, other unknowns get -ENOENT.
If no param value is given (as in pci.dyndbg example above), "+p" is
assumed, which enables all pr_debug callsites in the module.
The dyndbg fake parameter is not shown in /sys/module/*/parameters,
thus it does not use any resources. Changes to it are made via the
control file.
Also change pr_info in ddebug_exec_queries to vpr_info,
no need to see it all the time.
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
CC: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
CC: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Module size was limited to 64MB, this was legacy limitation due to vmalloc()
which was removed a while ago.
Limiting module size to 64MB is both pointless and affects real world use
cases.
Cc: Tim Abbott <tim.abbott@oracle.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Linus Torvalds