GFP_TEMPORARY was introduced by commit e12ba74d8f ("Group short-lived
and reclaimable kernel allocations") along with __GFP_RECLAIMABLE. It's
primary motivation was to allow users to tell that an allocation is
short lived and so the allocator can try to place such allocations close
together and prevent long term fragmentation. As much as this sounds
like a reasonable semantic it becomes much less clear when to use the
highlevel GFP_TEMPORARY allocation flag. How long is temporary? Can the
context holding that memory sleep? Can it take locks? It seems there is
no good answer for those questions.
The current implementation of GFP_TEMPORARY is basically GFP_KERNEL |
__GFP_RECLAIMABLE which in itself is tricky because basically none of
the existing caller provide a way to reclaim the allocated memory. So
this is rather misleading and hard to evaluate for any benefits.
I have checked some random users and none of them has added the flag
with a specific justification. I suspect most of them just copied from
other existing users and others just thought it might be a good idea to
use without any measuring. This suggests that GFP_TEMPORARY just
motivates for cargo cult usage without any reasoning.
I believe that our gfp flags are quite complex already and especially
those with highlevel semantic should be clearly defined to prevent from
confusion and abuse. Therefore I propose dropping GFP_TEMPORARY and
replace all existing users to simply use GFP_KERNEL. Please note that
SLAB users with shrinkers will still get __GFP_RECLAIMABLE heuristic and
so they will be placed properly for memory fragmentation prevention.
I can see reasons we might want some gfp flag to reflect shorterm
allocations but I propose starting from a clear semantic definition and
only then add users with proper justification.
This was been brought up before LSF this year by Matthew [1] and it
turned out that GFP_TEMPORARY really doesn't have a clear semantic. It
seems to be a heuristic without any measured advantage for most (if not
all) its current users. The follow up discussion has revealed that
opinions on what might be temporary allocation differ a lot between
developers. So rather than trying to tweak existing users into a
semantic which they haven't expected I propose to simply remove the flag
and start from scratch if we really need a semantic for short term
allocations.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170118054945.GD18349@bombadil.infradead.org
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: drm/i915: fix up]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170816144703.378d4f4d@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170728091904.14627-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'pci-v4.14-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
- add enhanced Downstream Port Containment support, which prints more
details about Root Port Programmed I/O errors (Dongdong Liu)
- add Layerscape ls1088a and ls2088a support (Hou Zhiqiang)
- add MediaTek MT2712 and MT7622 support (Ryder Lee)
- add MediaTek MT2712 and MT7622 MSI support (Honghui Zhang)
- add Qualcom IPQ8074 support (Varadarajan Narayanan)
- add R-Car r8a7743/5 device tree support (Biju Das)
- add Rockchip per-lane PHY support for better power management (Shawn
Lin)
- fix IRQ mapping for hot-added devices by replacing the
pci_fixup_irqs() boot-time design with a host bridge hook called at
probe-time (Lorenzo Pieralisi, Matthew Minter)
- fix race when enabling two devices that results in upstream bridge
not being enabled correctly (Srinath Mannam)
- fix pciehp power fault infinite loop (Keith Busch)
- fix SHPC bridge MSI hotplug events by enabling bus mastering
(Aleksandr Bezzubikov)
- fix a VFIO issue by correcting PCIe capability sizes (Alex
Williamson)
- fix an INTD issue on Xilinx and possibly other drivers by unifying
INTx IRQ domain support (Paul Burton)
- avoid IOMMU stalls by marking AMD Stoney GPU ATS as broken (Joerg
Roedel)
- allow APM X-Gene device assignment to guests by adding an ACS quirk
(Feng Kan)
- fix driver crashes by disabling Extended Tags on Broadcom HT2100
(Extended Tags support is required for PCIe Receivers but not
Requesters, and we now enable them by default when Requesters support
them) (Sinan Kaya)
- fix MSIs for devices that use phantom RIDs for DMA by assuming MSIs
use the real Requester ID (not a phantom RID) (Robin Murphy)
- prevent assignment of Intel VMD children to guests (which may be
supported eventually, but isn't yet) by not associating an IOMMU with
them (Jon Derrick)
- fix Intel VMD suspend/resume by releasing IRQs on suspend (Scott
Bauer)
- fix a Function-Level Reset issue with Intel 750 NVMe by waiting
longer (up to 60sec instead of 1sec) for device to become ready
(Sinan Kaya)
- fix a Function-Level Reset issue on iProc Stingray by working around
hardware defects in the CRS implementation (Oza Pawandeep)
- fix an issue with Intel NVMe P3700 after an iProc reset by adding a
delay during shutdown (Oza Pawandeep)
- fix a Microsoft Hyper-V lockdep issue by polling instead of blocking
in compose_msi_msg() (Stephen Hemminger)
- fix a wireless LAN driver timeout by clearing DesignWare MSI
interrupt status after it is handled, not before (Faiz Abbas)
- fix DesignWare ATU enable checking (Jisheng Zhang)
- reduce Layerscape dependencies on the bootloader by doing more
initialization in the driver (Hou Zhiqiang)
- improve Intel VMD performance allowing allocation of more IRQ vectors
than present CPUs (Keith Busch)
- improve endpoint framework support for initial DMA mask, different
BAR sizes, configurable page sizes, MSI, test driver, etc (Kishon
Vijay Abraham I, Stan Drozd)
- rework CRS support to add periodic messages while we poll during
enumeration and after Function-Level Reset and prepare for possible
other uses of CRS (Sinan Kaya)
- clean up Root Port AER handling by removing unnecessary code and
moving error handler methods to struct pcie_port_service_driver
(Christoph Hellwig)
- clean up error handling paths in various drivers (Bjorn Andersson,
Fabio Estevam, Gustavo A. R. Silva, Harunobu Kurokawa, Jeffy Chen,
Lorenzo Pieralisi, Sergei Shtylyov)
- clean up SR-IOV resource handling by disabling VF decoding before
updating the corresponding resource structs (Gavin Shan)
- clean up DesignWare-based drivers by unifying quirks to update Class
Code and Interrupt Pin and related handling of write-protected
registers (Hou Zhiqiang)
- clean up by adding empty generic pcibios_align_resource() and
pcibios_fixup_bus() and removing empty arch-specific implementations
(Palmer Dabbelt)
- request exclusive reset control for several drivers to allow cleanup
elsewhere (Philipp Zabel)
- constify various structures (Arvind Yadav, Bhumika Goyal)
- convert from full_name() to %pOF (Rob Herring)
- remove unused variables from iProc, HiSi, Altera, Keystone (Shawn
Lin)
* tag 'pci-v4.14-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (170 commits)
PCI: xgene: Clean up whitespace
PCI: xgene: Define XGENE_PCI_EXP_CAP and use generic PCI_EXP_RTCTL offset
PCI: xgene: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: xilinx-nwl: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: rockchip: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: altera: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: spear13xx: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: artpec6: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: armada8k: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: dra7xx: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: exynos: Fix platform_get_irq() error handling
PCI: iproc: Clean up whitespace
PCI: iproc: Rename PCI_EXP_CAP to IPROC_PCI_EXP_CAP
PCI: iproc: Add 500ms delay during device shutdown
PCI: Fix typos and whitespace errors
PCI: Remove unused "res" variable from pci_resource_io()
PCI: Correct kernel-doc of pci_vpd_srdt_size(), pci_vpd_srdt_tag()
PCI/AER: Reformat AER register definitions
iommu/vt-d: Prevent VMD child devices from being remapping targets
x86/PCI: Use is_vmd() rather than relying on the domain number
...
Nothing really major this release, despite quite a lot of activity. Just lots of
things all over the place.
Some things of note include:
- Access via perf to a new type of PMU (IMC) on Power9, which can count both
core events as well as nest unit events (Memory controller etc).
- Optimisations to the radix MMU TLB flushing, mostly to avoid unnecessary Page
Walk Cache (PWC) flushes when the structure of the tree is not changing.
- Reworks/cleanups of do_page_fault() to modernise it and bring it closer to
other architectures where possible.
- Rework of our page table walking so that THP updates only need to send IPIs
to CPUs where the affected mm has run, rather than all CPUs.
- The size of our vmalloc area is increased to 56T on 64-bit hash MMU systems.
This avoids problems with the percpu allocator on systems with very sparse
NUMA layouts.
- STRICT_KERNEL_RWX support on PPC32.
- A new sched domain topology for Power9, to capture the fact that pairs of
cores may share an L2 cache.
- Power9 support for VAS, which is a new mechanism for accessing coprocessors,
and initial support for using it with the NX compression accelerator.
- Major work on the instruction emulation support, adding support for many new
instructions, and reworking it so it can be used to implement the emulation
needed to fixup alignment faults.
- Support for guests under PowerVM to use the Power9 XIVE interrupt controller.
And probably that many things again that are almost as interesting, but I had to
keep the list short. Plus the usual fixes and cleanups as always.
Thanks to:
Alexey Kardashevskiy, Alistair Popple, Andreas Schwab, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju
T Sudhakar, Arvind Yadav, Balbir Singh, Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Bhumika Goyal,
Breno Leitao, Bryant G. Ly, Christophe Leroy, Cédric Le Goater, Dan Carpenter,
Dou Liyang, Frederic Barrat, Gautham R. Shenoy, Geliang Tang, Geoff Levand,
Hannes Reinecke, Haren Myneni, Ivan Mikhaylov, John Allen, Julia Lawall, LABBE
Corentin, Laurentiu Tudor, Madhavan Srinivasan, Markus Elfring, Masahiro
Yamada, Matt Brown, Michael Neuling, Murilo Opsfelder Araujo, Nathan Fontenot,
Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver O'Halloran, Paul Mackerras, Rashmica
Gupta, Rob Herring, Rui Teng, Sam Bobroff, Santosh Sivaraj, Scott Wood,
Shilpasri G Bhat, Sukadev Bhattiprolu, Suraj Jitindar Singh, Tobin C. Harding,
Victor Aoqui.
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.14-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
"Nothing really major this release, despite quite a lot of activity.
Just lots of things all over the place.
Some things of note include:
- Access via perf to a new type of PMU (IMC) on Power9, which can
count both core events as well as nest unit events (Memory
controller etc).
- Optimisations to the radix MMU TLB flushing, mostly to avoid
unnecessary Page Walk Cache (PWC) flushes when the structure of the
tree is not changing.
- Reworks/cleanups of do_page_fault() to modernise it and bring it
closer to other architectures where possible.
- Rework of our page table walking so that THP updates only need to
send IPIs to CPUs where the affected mm has run, rather than all
CPUs.
- The size of our vmalloc area is increased to 56T on 64-bit hash MMU
systems. This avoids problems with the percpu allocator on systems
with very sparse NUMA layouts.
- STRICT_KERNEL_RWX support on PPC32.
- A new sched domain topology for Power9, to capture the fact that
pairs of cores may share an L2 cache.
- Power9 support for VAS, which is a new mechanism for accessing
coprocessors, and initial support for using it with the NX
compression accelerator.
- Major work on the instruction emulation support, adding support for
many new instructions, and reworking it so it can be used to
implement the emulation needed to fixup alignment faults.
- Support for guests under PowerVM to use the Power9 XIVE interrupt
controller.
And probably that many things again that are almost as interesting,
but I had to keep the list short. Plus the usual fixes and cleanups as
always.
Thanks to: Alexey Kardashevskiy, Alistair Popple, Andreas Schwab,
Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju T Sudhakar, Arvind Yadav, Balbir Singh,
Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Bhumika Goyal, Breno Leitao, Bryant G. Ly,
Christophe Leroy, Cédric Le Goater, Dan Carpenter, Dou Liyang,
Frederic Barrat, Gautham R. Shenoy, Geliang Tang, Geoff Levand, Hannes
Reinecke, Haren Myneni, Ivan Mikhaylov, John Allen, Julia Lawall,
LABBE Corentin, Laurentiu Tudor, Madhavan Srinivasan, Markus Elfring,
Masahiro Yamada, Matt Brown, Michael Neuling, Murilo Opsfelder Araujo,
Nathan Fontenot, Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver O'Halloran,
Paul Mackerras, Rashmica Gupta, Rob Herring, Rui Teng, Sam Bobroff,
Santosh Sivaraj, Scott Wood, Shilpasri G Bhat, Sukadev Bhattiprolu,
Suraj Jitindar Singh, Tobin C. Harding, Victor Aoqui"
* tag 'powerpc-4.14-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (321 commits)
powerpc/xive: Fix section __init warning
powerpc: Fix kernel crash in emulation of vector loads and stores
powerpc/xive: improve debugging macros
powerpc/xive: add XIVE Exploitation Mode to CAS
powerpc/xive: introduce H_INT_ESB hcall
powerpc/xive: add the HW IRQ number under xive_irq_data
powerpc/xive: introduce xive_esb_write()
powerpc/xive: rename xive_poke_esb() in xive_esb_read()
powerpc/xive: guest exploitation of the XIVE interrupt controller
powerpc/xive: introduce a common routine xive_queue_page_alloc()
powerpc/sstep: Avoid used uninitialized error
axonram: Return directly after a failed kzalloc() in axon_ram_probe()
axonram: Improve a size determination in axon_ram_probe()
axonram: Delete an error message for a failed memory allocation in axon_ram_probe()
powerpc/powernv/npu: Move tlb flush before launching ATSD
powerpc/macintosh: constify wf_sensor_ops structures
powerpc/iommu: Use permission-specific DEVICE_ATTR variants
powerpc/eeh: Delete an error out of memory message at init time
powerpc/mm: Use seq_putc() in two functions
macintosh: Convert to using %pOF instead of full_name
...
Here is the big char/misc driver update for 4.14-rc1.
Lots of different stuff in here, it's been an active development cycle
for some reason. Highlights are:
- updated binder driver, this brings binder up to date with what
shipped in the Android O release, plus some more changes that
happened since then that are in the Android development trees.
- coresight updates and fixes
- mux driver file renames to be a bit "nicer"
- intel_th driver updates
- normal set of hyper-v updates and changes
- small fpga subsystem and driver updates
- lots of const code changes all over the driver trees
- extcon driver updates
- fmc driver subsystem upadates
- w1 subsystem minor reworks and new features and drivers added
- spmi driver updates
Plus a smattering of other minor driver updates and fixes.
All of these have been in linux-next with no reported issues for a
while.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'char-misc-4.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc
Pull char/misc driver updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the big char/misc driver update for 4.14-rc1.
Lots of different stuff in here, it's been an active development cycle
for some reason. Highlights are:
- updated binder driver, this brings binder up to date with what
shipped in the Android O release, plus some more changes that
happened since then that are in the Android development trees.
- coresight updates and fixes
- mux driver file renames to be a bit "nicer"
- intel_th driver updates
- normal set of hyper-v updates and changes
- small fpga subsystem and driver updates
- lots of const code changes all over the driver trees
- extcon driver updates
- fmc driver subsystem upadates
- w1 subsystem minor reworks and new features and drivers added
- spmi driver updates
Plus a smattering of other minor driver updates and fixes.
All of these have been in linux-next with no reported issues for a
while"
* tag 'char-misc-4.14-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (244 commits)
ANDROID: binder: don't queue async transactions to thread.
ANDROID: binder: don't enqueue death notifications to thread todo.
ANDROID: binder: Don't BUG_ON(!spin_is_locked()).
ANDROID: binder: Add BINDER_GET_NODE_DEBUG_INFO ioctl
ANDROID: binder: push new transactions to waiting threads.
ANDROID: binder: remove proc waitqueue
android: binder: Add page usage in binder stats
android: binder: fixup crash introduced by moving buffer hdr
drivers: w1: add hwmon temp support for w1_therm
drivers: w1: refactor w1_slave_show to make the temp reading functionality separate
drivers: w1: add hwmon support structures
eeprom: idt_89hpesx: Support both ACPI and OF probing
mcb: Fix an error handling path in 'chameleon_parse_cells()'
MCB: add support for SC31 to mcb-lpc
mux: make device_type const
char: virtio: constify attribute_group structures.
Documentation/ABI: document the nvmem sysfs files
lkdtm: fix spelling mistake: "incremeted" -> "incremented"
perf: cs-etm: Fix ETMv4 CONFIGR entry in perf.data file
nvmem: include linux/err.h from header
...
Calls to mmu_notifier_invalidate_page() were replaced by calls to
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range() and are now bracketed by calls to
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start()/end()
Remove now useless invalidate_page callback.
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Dimitri Sivanich <sivanich@sgi.com>
Cc: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Calls to mmu_notifier_invalidate_page() were replaced by calls to
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range() and are now bracketed by calls to
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start()/end()
Remove now useless invalidate_page callback.
Signed-off-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Sudeep Dutt <sudeep.dutt@intel.com>
Cc: Ashutosh Dixit <ashutosh.dixit@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
cxl keeps a driver use count, which is used with the hash memory model
on p8 to know when to upgrade local TLBIs to global and to trigger
callbacks to manage the MMU for PSL8.
If a process opens a context and closes without attaching or fails the
attachment, the driver use count is never decremented. As a
consequence, TLB invalidations remain global, even if there are no
active cxl contexts.
We should increment the driver use count when the process is attaching
to the cxl adapter, and not on open. It's not needed before the
adapter starts using the context and the use count is decremented on
the detach path, so it makes more sense.
It affects only the user api. The kernel api is already doing The
Right Thing.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Barrat <fbarrat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.2+
Fixes: 7bb5d91a4d ("cxl: Rework context lifetimes")
Acked-by: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
We need to add memory barrier so that the page table walk doesn't happen
before the cpumask is set and made visible to the other cpus. We need
to use a sync here instead of lwsync because lwsync is not sufficient for
store/load ordering.
We also need to add an if (mm) check so that we do the right thing when called
with a kernel context. For kernel context, we have mm = NULL. W.r.t kernel
address we can skip setting the mm cpumask.
Fixes: 0f4bc0932e ("powerpc/mm/cxl: Add the fault handling cpu to mm cpumask")
Cc: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
In certain platforms like TI's DRA7 SoCs, use of legacy PCI interrupt is
exclusive with use of MSI (Section 24.9.4.6.2.1 Legacy PCI Interrupts in
http://www.ti.com/lit/ug/spruhz6i/spruhz6i.pdf).
However pci_endpoint_test driver enables MSI by default in probe. In order
for pci_endpoint_test to be able to test legacy interrupt, MSI should be
disabled. Add a module param 'no_msi' to disable MSI (only when legacy
interrupt has to be tested).
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
[bhelgaas: folded in static fix from Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>]
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
BAR sizes are hard-coded in pci_endpoint_test driver corresponding to the
sizes used in pci-epf-test function driver. This might break if the sizes
in pci-epf-test function driver are modified (and the corresponding change
is not done in pci_endpoint_test PCI driver).
To avoid hard coding BAR sizes, use pci_resource_len() API.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Some platforms like TI's K2G have a restriction that the host side buffer
address should be aligned to either 1MB/2MB/4MB or 8MB addresses depending
on how it is configured in the endpoint (Ref: 11.14.4.9.1 Outbound Address
Translation in K2G TRM SPRUHY8F January 2016 – Revised May 2017). This
restriction also applies to the MSI addresses provided by the RC. However
it's not possible for the RC to know about this restriction and it may not
provide 1MB/2MB/4MB or 8MB aligned address. So MSI interrupts should be
disabled even if the K2G EP has MSI capabiltiy register.
Add support to not enable MSI interrupts in pci_endpoint_test driver so
that it can be used to test K2G EP.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Some platforms like TI's K2G have a restriction that the host side buffer
address should be aligned to either 1MB/2MB/4MB or 8MB (Ref: 11.14.4.9.1
Outbound Address Translation in K2G TRM SPRUHY8F January 2016 – Revised May
2017) addresses depending on how it is configured in the endpoint.
Add support to provide such aligned address here so that pci_endpoint_test
driver can be used to test K2G EP.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
pci_endpoint_test driver assumes the PCI_ENDPOINT_TEST registers will
always be mapped to BAR_0. This need not always be the case like in TI's
K2G where BAR_0 is mapped to PCI controller application registers.
Add support so that PCI_ENDPOINT_TEST registers can be mapped to any BAR.
Change the bar_size used for BAR test accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Trivial fix to spelling mistake in pr_info message
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Refactor code in order to avoid identical code for different branches.
This issue was detected with the help of Coccinelle.
Addresses-Coverity-ID: 1226762
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
i2c_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with i2c_device_id provided by <linux/i2c.h> work with
const i2c_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
i2c_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with i2c_device_id provided by <linux/i2c.h> work with
const i2c_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
i2c_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with i2c_device_id provided by <linux/i2c.h> work with
const i2c_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Now that we have a custom printf format specifier, convert users of
full_name to use %pOF instead. This is preparation to remove storing
of the full path string for each node.
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with
const attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with
const attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with
const attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with
const attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with
const attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with
const attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Add const to bin_attribute structures as they are only passed to the
functions sysfs_{remove/create}_bin_file. The arguments passed are of
type const, so declare the structures to be const.
Done using Coccinelle.
@m disable optional_qualifier@
identifier s;
position p;
@@
static struct bin_attribute s@p={...};
@okay1@
position p;
identifier m.s;
@@
(
sysfs_create_bin_file(...,&s@p,...)
|
sysfs_remove_bin_file(...,&s@p,...)
)
@bad@
position p!={m.p,okay1.p};
identifier m.s;
@@
s@p
@change depends on !bad disable optional_qualifier@
identifier m.s;
@@
static
+const
struct bin_attribute s={...};
Signed-off-by: Bhumika Goyal <bhumirks@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
pci_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with pci_device_id provided by <linux/pci.h> work with
const pci_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
pci_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with pci_device_id provided by <linux/pci.h> work with
const pci_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
pci_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with pci_device_id provided by <linux/pci.h> work with
const pci_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
checkpatch ERROR: space prohibited before open square bracket '['
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
pci_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with pci_device_id provided by <linux/pci.h> work with
const pci_device_id. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Commit 3ca9b1ac28 ("misc: eeprom_93xx46: Add support for a GPIO
'select' line.") introduced the optional usage of 'select-gpios'
by using the gpiod API in a convoluted way.
Rewrite the gpiod handling to make the code simpler.
Signed-off-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@nxp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Make this const as it is only stored in the type field of a device
structure, which is const.
Done using Coccinelle.
Signed-off-by: Bhumika Goyal <bhumirks@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We use mm cpumask for serializing against lockless page table walk.
Anybody who is doing a lockless page table walk is expected to disable
irq and only cpus in mm cpumask is expected do the lockless walk. This
ensure that a THP split can send IPI to only cpus in the mm cpumask,
to make sure there are no parallel lockless page table walk.
Add the CAPI fault handling cpu to the mm cpumask so that we can do
the lockless page table walk while inserting hash page table entries.
Reviewed-by: Frederic Barrat <fbarrat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
the existing CORRUPT_STACK test only tested regular -fstack-protector.
- Add pair of tests for checking kernel stack leading/trailing guard pages
under VMAP_STACK: STACK_GUARD_PAGE_LEADING and STACK_GUARD_PAGE_TRAILING.
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Merge tag 'lkdtm-next-part2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux into char-misc-next
Kees writes:
- Add new CORRUPT_STACK_STRONG to test -fstack-protector-strong, since
the existing CORRUPT_STACK test only tested regular -fstack-protector.
- Add pair of tests for checking kernel stack leading/trailing guard pages
under VMAP_STACK: STACK_GUARD_PAGE_LEADING and STACK_GUARD_PAGE_TRAILING.
There wasn't an LKDTM test to distinguish between -fstack-protector and
-fstack-protector-strong in use. This adds CORRUPT_STACK_STRONG to see
the difference. Also adjusts the stack-clobber value to 0xff so execution
won't potentially jump into userspace when the stack protector is missing.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Two new tests STACK_GUARD_PAGE_LEADING and STACK_GUARD_PAGE_TRAILING
attempt to read the byte before and after, respectively, of the current
stack frame, which should fault.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
While not a crash test, this does provide two tight atomic_t and
refcount_t loops for performance comparisons:
cd /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash
perf stat -B -- cat <(echo ATOMIC_TIMING) > DIRECT
perf stat -B -- cat <(echo REFCOUNT_TIMING) > DIRECT
Looking a CPU cycles is the best way to example the fast-path (rather
than instruction counts, since conditional jumps will be executed but
will be negligible due to branch-prediction).
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
The existing REFCOUNT_* LKDTM tests were designed only for testing a narrow
portion of CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL. This moves the tests to their own file and
expands their testing to poke each boundary condition.
Since the protections (CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL and x86-fast) use different
saturation values and reach-zero behavior, those have to be build-time
set so the tests can actually validate things are happening at the
right places.
Notably, the x86-fast protection will fail REFCOUNT_INC_ZERO and
REFCOUNT_ADD_ZERO since those conditions are not checked (only overflow
is critical to protecting refcount_t). CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL will warn for
each REFCOUNT_*_NEGATIVE test since it provides zero-pinning behaviors
(which allows it to pass REFCOUNT_INC_ZERO and REFCOUNT_ADD_ZERO).
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This driver can be used on the aspeed ast2400 with minor
modifications.
Tested: ast2400 on quanta-q71l
Signed-off-by: Patrick Venture <venture@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Device 'new_id' interface is useful for testing of not yet published
hardware on older kernels and for internally used device ids on
simulation platforms.
However currently with the device configuration held in device_id driver
data as a pointer to mei_cfg structure it is hard, as one need to locate
the address of the correct structure.
A recommended way of doing that is to use and index instead of a
pointer.
This patch adds a new list of configuration mei_cfg_list[]
indexed via enum mei_cfg_idx.
In addition it cleanups ich platform naming, renames legacy
generation to ich and what was ich to ich10.
Signed-off-by: Tomas Winkler <tomas.winkler@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Usyskin <alexander.usyskin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
On some platforms, currently Broxton, Apollo Lake and Kaby Lake,
ME FW may be busy with internal bookkeeping and answering late
to the start message.
As a mitigation, the driver requests for a synchronous probing
to prevent stalling of the overall boot process. For example,
on a Apollo Lake platform the overall boot time has reduced from
~0.9 to ~0.6 seconds on average.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Usyskin <alexander.usyskin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tomas Winkler <tomas.winkler@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Highlights include:
- Support for STRICT_KERNEL_RWX on 64-bit server CPUs.
- Platform support for FSP2 (476fpe) board
- Enable ZONE_DEVICE on 64-bit server CPUs.
- Generic & powerpc spin loop primitives to optimise busy waiting
- Convert VDSO update function to use new update_vsyscall() interface
- Optimisations to hypercall/syscall/context-switch paths
- Improvements to the CPU idle code on Power8 and Power9.
As well as many other fixes and improvements.
Thanks to:
Akshay Adiga, Andrew Donnellan, Andrew Jeffery, Anshuman Khandual, Anton
Blanchard, Balbir Singh, Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Christophe Leroy, Christophe
Lombard, Colin Ian King, Dan Carpenter, Gautham R. Shenoy, Hari Bathini, Ian
Munsie, Ivan Mikhaylov, Javier Martinez Canillas, Madhavan Srinivasan,
Masahiro Yamada, Matt Brown, Michael Neuling, Michal Suchanek, Murilo
Opsfelder Araujo, Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver O'Halloran, Paul
Mackerras, Pavel Machek, Russell Currey, Santosh Sivaraj, Stephen Rothwell,
Thiago Jung Bauermann, Yang Li.
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.13-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
"Highlights include:
- Support for STRICT_KERNEL_RWX on 64-bit server CPUs.
- Platform support for FSP2 (476fpe) board
- Enable ZONE_DEVICE on 64-bit server CPUs.
- Generic & powerpc spin loop primitives to optimise busy waiting
- Convert VDSO update function to use new update_vsyscall() interface
- Optimisations to hypercall/syscall/context-switch paths
- Improvements to the CPU idle code on Power8 and Power9.
As well as many other fixes and improvements.
Thanks to: Akshay Adiga, Andrew Donnellan, Andrew Jeffery, Anshuman
Khandual, Anton Blanchard, Balbir Singh, Benjamin Herrenschmidt,
Christophe Leroy, Christophe Lombard, Colin Ian King, Dan Carpenter,
Gautham R. Shenoy, Hari Bathini, Ian Munsie, Ivan Mikhaylov, Javier
Martinez Canillas, Madhavan Srinivasan, Masahiro Yamada, Matt Brown,
Michael Neuling, Michal Suchanek, Murilo Opsfelder Araujo, Naveen N.
Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver O'Halloran, Paul Mackerras, Pavel Machek,
Russell Currey, Santosh Sivaraj, Stephen Rothwell, Thiago Jung
Bauermann, Yang Li"
* tag 'powerpc-4.13-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (158 commits)
powerpc/Kconfig: Enable STRICT_KERNEL_RWX for some configs
powerpc/mm/radix: Implement STRICT_RWX/mark_rodata_ro() for Radix
powerpc/mm/hash: Implement mark_rodata_ro() for hash
powerpc/vmlinux.lds: Align __init_begin to 16M
powerpc/lib/code-patching: Use alternate map for patch_instruction()
powerpc/xmon: Add patch_instruction() support for xmon
powerpc/kprobes/optprobes: Use patch_instruction()
powerpc/kprobes: Move kprobes over to patch_instruction()
powerpc/mm/radix: Fix execute permissions for interrupt_vectors
powerpc/pseries: Fix passing of pp0 in updatepp() and updateboltedpp()
powerpc/64s: Blacklist rtas entry/exit from kprobes
powerpc/64s: Blacklist functions invoked on a trap
powerpc/64s: Un-blacklist system_call() from kprobes
powerpc/64s: Move system_call() symbol to just after setting MSR_EE
powerpc/64s: Blacklist system_call() and system_call_common() from kprobes
powerpc/64s: Convert .L__replay_interrupt_return to a local label
powerpc64/elfv1: Only dereference function descriptor for non-text symbols
cxl: Export library to support IBM XSL
powerpc/dts: Use #include "..." to include local DT
powerpc/perf/hv-24x7: Aggregate result elements on POWER9 SMT8
...
This is mostly updates of the usual suspects: lpfc, qla2xxx, bnx2fc,
qedf, hpsa, hisi_sas, smartpqi, cxlflash, aacraid, csiostor along with
a host of minor and miscellaneous changes.
Signed-off-by: James E.J. Bottomley <jejb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Merge tag 'scsi-misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi
Pull SCSI updates from James Bottomley:
"This is mostly updates of the usual suspects: lpfc, qla2xxx, bnx2fc,
qedf, hpsa, hisi_sas, smartpqi, cxlflash, aacraid, csiostor along with
a host of minor and miscellaneous changes"
* tag 'scsi-misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi: (276 commits)
qla2xxx: Fix NVMe entry_type for iocb packet on BE system
scsi: qla2xxx: avoid unused-function warning
scsi: snic: fix a couple of spelling mistakes/typos
scsi: qla2xxx: fix a bunch of typos and spelling mistakes
scsi: lpfc: don't double count abort errors
scsi: lpfc: spin_lock_irq() is not nestable
scsi: hisi_sas: optimise DMA slot memory
scsi: ibmvfc: constify dev_pm_ops structures.
scsi: ibmvscsi: constify dev_pm_ops structures.
scsi: cxlflash: Update debug prints in reset handlers
scsi: cxlflash: Update send_tmf() parameters
scsi: cxlflash: Avoid double free of character device
scsi: Add STARGET_CREATED_REMOVE state to scsi_target_state
scsi: ses: do not add a device to an enclosure if enclosure_add_links() fails.
scsi: ufs: flush eh_work when eh_work scheduled.
scsi: qla2xxx: Protect access to qpair members with qpair->qp_lock
scsi: sun_esp: fix device reference leaks
scsi: fnic: changing queue command to return result DID_IMM_RETRY when rport is init
scsi: fnic: correct speed display and add support for 25,40 and 100G
scsi: fnic: added timestamp reporting in fnic debug stats
...
Pull networking updates from David Miller:
"Reasonably busy this cycle, but perhaps not as busy as in the 4.12
merge window:
1) Several optimizations for UDP processing under high load from
Paolo Abeni.
2) Support pacing internally in TCP when using the sch_fq packet
scheduler for this is not practical. From Eric Dumazet.
3) Support mutliple filter chains per qdisc, from Jiri Pirko.
4) Move to 1ms TCP timestamp clock, from Eric Dumazet.
5) Add batch dequeueing to vhost_net, from Jason Wang.
6) Flesh out more completely SCTP checksum offload support, from
Davide Caratti.
7) More plumbing of extended netlink ACKs, from David Ahern, Pablo
Neira Ayuso, and Matthias Schiffer.
8) Add devlink support to nfp driver, from Simon Horman.
9) Add RTM_F_FIB_MATCH flag to RTM_GETROUTE queries, from Roopa
Prabhu.
10) Add stack depth tracking to BPF verifier and use this information
in the various eBPF JITs. From Alexei Starovoitov.
11) Support XDP on qed device VFs, from Yuval Mintz.
12) Introduce BPF PROG ID for better introspection of installed BPF
programs. From Martin KaFai Lau.
13) Add bpf_set_hash helper for TC bpf programs, from Daniel Borkmann.
14) For loads, allow narrower accesses in bpf verifier checking, from
Yonghong Song.
15) Support MIPS in the BPF selftests and samples infrastructure, the
MIPS eBPF JIT will be merged in via the MIPS GIT tree. From David
Daney.
16) Support kernel based TLS, from Dave Watson and others.
17) Remove completely DST garbage collection, from Wei Wang.
18) Allow installing TCP MD5 rules using prefixes, from Ivan
Delalande.
19) Add XDP support to Intel i40e driver, from Björn Töpel
20) Add support for TC flower offload in nfp driver, from Simon
Horman, Pieter Jansen van Vuuren, Benjamin LaHaise, Jakub
Kicinski, and Bert van Leeuwen.
21) IPSEC offloading support in mlx5, from Ilan Tayari.
22) Add HW PTP support to macb driver, from Rafal Ozieblo.
23) Networking refcount_t conversions, From Elena Reshetova.
24) Add sock_ops support to BPF, from Lawrence Brako. This is useful
for tuning the TCP sockopt settings of a group of applications,
currently via CGROUPs"
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-next: (1899 commits)
net: phy: dp83867: add workaround for incorrect RX_CTRL pin strap
dt-bindings: phy: dp83867: provide a workaround for incorrect RX_CTRL pin strap
cxgb4: Support for get_ts_info ethtool method
cxgb4: Add PTP Hardware Clock (PHC) support
cxgb4: time stamping interface for PTP
nfp: default to chained metadata prepend format
nfp: remove legacy MAC address lookup
nfp: improve order of interfaces in breakout mode
net: macb: remove extraneous return when MACB_EXT_DESC is defined
bpf: add missing break in for the TCP_BPF_SNDCWND_CLAMP case
bpf: fix return in load_bpf_file
mpls: fix rtm policy in mpls_getroute
net, ax25: convert ax25_cb.refcount from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, ax25: convert ax25_route.refcount from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, ax25: convert ax25_uid_assoc.refcount from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, sctp: convert sctp_ep_common.refcnt from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, sctp: convert sctp_transport.refcnt from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, sctp: convert sctp_chunk.refcnt from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, sctp: convert sctp_datamsg.refcnt from atomic_t to refcount_t
net, sctp: convert sctp_auth_bytes.refcnt from atomic_t to refcount_t
...
Here is the "big" char/misc driver patchset for 4.13-rc1.
Lots of stuff in here, a large thunderbolt update, w1 driver header
reorg, the new mux driver subsystem, google firmware driver updates, and
a raft of other smaller things. Full details in the shortlog.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with the only reported
issue being a merge problem with this tree and the jc-docs tree in the
w1 documentation area. The fix should be obvious for what to do when it
happens, if not, we can send a follow-up patch for it afterward.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'char-misc-4.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc
Pull char/misc updates from Greg KH:
"Here is the "big" char/misc driver patchset for 4.13-rc1.
Lots of stuff in here, a large thunderbolt update, w1 driver header
reorg, the new mux driver subsystem, google firmware driver updates,
and a raft of other smaller things. Full details in the shortlog.
All of these have been in linux-next for a while with the only
reported issue being a merge problem with this tree and the jc-docs
tree in the w1 documentation area"
* tag 'char-misc-4.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (147 commits)
misc: apds990x: Use sysfs_match_string() helper
mei: drop unreachable code in mei_start
mei: validate the message header only in first fragment.
DocBook: w1: Update W1 file locations and names in DocBook
mux: adg792a: always require I2C support
nvmem: rockchip-efuse: add support for rk322x-efuse
nvmem: core: add locking to nvmem_find_cell
nvmem: core: Call put_device() in nvmem_unregister()
nvmem: core: fix leaks on registration errors
nvmem: correct Broadcom OTP controller driver writes
w1: Add subsystem kernel public interface
drivers/fsi: Add module license to core driver
drivers/fsi: Use asynchronous slave mode
drivers/fsi: Add hub master support
drivers/fsi: Add SCOM FSI client device driver
drivers/fsi/gpio: Add tracepoints for GPIO master
drivers/fsi: Add GPIO based FSI master
drivers/fsi: Document FSI master sysfs files in ABI
drivers/fsi: Add error handling for slave
drivers/fsi: Add tracepoints for low-level operations
...
This patch exports a in-kernel 'library' API which can be called by
other drivers to help interacting with an IBM XSL on a POWER9 system.
The XSL (Translation Service Layer) is a stripped down version of the
PSL (Power Service Layer) used in some cards such as the Mellanox CX5.
Like the PSL, it implements the CAIA architecture, but has a number
of differences, mostly in it's implementation dependent registers.
The XSL also uses a special DMA cxl mode, which uses a slightly
different init sequence for the CAPP and PHB.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Donnellan <andrew.donnellan@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christophe Lombard <clombard@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Frederic Barrat <fbarrat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Michal Hocko