Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Since all users are cleaned up, remove the 2 deprecated APIs due to no
users.
As a Linux variable rather than an ACPICA variable, acpi_gbl_permanent_mmap
is renamed to acpi_permanent_mmap to have a consistent coding style across
entire Linux ACPI subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
There was only one use of __initdata_refok and __exit_refok
__init_refok was used 46 times against 82 for __ref.
Those definitions are obsolete since commit 312b1485fb ("Introduce new
section reference annotations tags: __ref, __refdata, __refconst")
This patch removes the following compatibility definitions and replaces
them treewide.
/* compatibility defines */
#define __init_refok __ref
#define __initdata_refok __refdata
#define __exit_refok __ref
I can also provide separate patches if necessary.
(One patch per tree and check in 1 month or 2 to remove old definitions)
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466796271-3043-1-git-send-email-fabf@skynet.be
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The acpi_os_ioremap() function may be used to map normal RAM or IO
regions. The current implementation simply uses ioremap_cache(). This
will work for some architectures, but arm64 ioremap_cache() cannot be
used to map IO regions which don't support caching. So for arm64, use
ioremap() for non-RAM regions.
CC: Rafael J Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
CC: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Tested-by: Robert Richter <rrichter@cavium.com>
Tested-by: Timur Tabi <timur@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Robert Richter <rrichter@cavium.com>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Hanjun Guo <hanjun.guo@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
ACPICA doesn't include protections around address space checking, Linux
build tests always complain increased sparse warnings around ACPICA
internal acpi_os_map/unmap_memory() invocations. This patch tries to fix
this issue permanently.
There are 2 choices left for us to solve this issue:
1. Add __iomem address space awareness into ACPICA.
2. Remove sparse checker of __iomem from ACPICA source code.
This patch chooses solution 2, because:
1. Most of the acpi_os_map/unmap_memory() invocations are used for ACPICA.
table mappings, which in fact are not IO addresses.
2. The only IO addresses usage is for "system memory space" mapping code in:
drivers/acpi/acpica/exregion.c
drivers/acpi/acpica/evrgnini.c
drivers/acpi/acpica/exregion.c
The mapped address is accessed in the handler of "system memory space"
- acpi_ex_system_memory_space_handler(). This function in fact can be
changed to invoke acpi_os_read/write_memory() so that __iomem can
always be type-casted in the OSL layer.
According to the above investigation, we drew the following conclusion:
It is not a good idea to introduce __iomem address space awareness into
ACPICA mostly in order to protect non-IO addresses.
We can simply remove __iomem for acpi_os_map/unmap_memory() to remove
__iomem checker for ACPICA code. Then we need to enforce external usages
to invoke other APIs that are aware of __iomem address space.
The external usages are:
drivers/acpi/apei/einj.c
drivers/acpi/acpi_extlog.c
drivers/char/tpm/tpm_acpi.c
drivers/acpi/nvs.c
This patch thus performs cleanups in this way:
1. Add acpi_os_map/unmap_iomem() to be invoked by non-ACPICA code.
2. Remove __iomem from acpi_os_map/unmap_memory().
Signed-off-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
To avoid build problems and breaking dependencies between ACPI header
files, <acpi/acpi.h> should not be included directly by code outside
of the ACPI core subsystem. However, that is possible if
<linux/acpi_io.h> is included, because that file contains
a direct inclusion of <acpi/acpi.h>.
For this reason, remove the direct <acpi/acpi.h> inclusion from
<linux/acpi_io.h>, move that file from include/linux/ to include/acpi/
and make <linux/acpi.h> include it for CONFIG_ACPI set along with the
other ACPI header files. Accordingly, Remove the inclusions of
<linux/acpi_io.h> from everywhere.
Of course, that causes the contents of the new <acpi/acpi_io.h> file
to be available for CONFIG_ACPI set only, so intel_opregion.o that
depends on it should also depend on CONFIG_ACPI (and it really should
not be compiled for CONFIG_ACPI unset anyway).
References: https://01.org/linuxgraphics/sites/default/files/documentation/acpi_igd_opregion_spec.pdf
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Signed-off-by: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
[rjw: Subject and changelog]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Greg Kroah-Hartman