refcount_t type and corresponding API should be
used instead of atomic_t when the variable is used as
a reference counter. This allows to avoid accidental
refcounter overflows that might lead to use-after-free
situations.
This patch uses refcount_inc_not_zero() instead of
atomic_inc_not_zero_hint() due to absense of a _hint()
version of refcount API. If the hint() version must
be used, we might need to revisit API.
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There is a race condition between a thread calling bt_accept_dequeue()
and a different thread calling bt_accept_unlink(). Protection against
concurrency is implemented using sk locking. However, sk locking causes
serialisation of the bt_accept_dequeue() and bt_accept_unlink() threads.
This serialisation can cause bt_accept_dequeue() to obtain the sk from the
parent list but becomes blocked waiting for the sk lock held by the
bt_accept_unlink() thread. bt_accept_unlink() unlinks sk and this thread
releases the sk lock unblocking bt_accept_dequeue() which potentially runs
bt_accept_unlink() again on the same sk causing a crash. The attempt to
double unlink the same sk from the parent list can cause a NULL pointer
dereference crash due to bt_sk(sk)->parent becoming NULL on the first
unlink, followed by the second unlink trying to execute
bt_sk(sk)->parent->sk_ack_backlog-- in bt_accept_unlink() which crashes.
When sk is in the parent list, bt_sk(sk)->parent will be not be NULL.
When sk is removed from the parent list, bt_sk(sk)->parent is set to
NULL. Therefore, add a defensive check for bt_sk(sk)->parent not being
NULL to ensure that sk is still in the parent list after the sk lock has
been taken in bt_accept_dequeue(). If bt_sk(sk)->parent is detected as
being NULL then restart the loop so that the loop variables are refreshed
to use the latest values. This is necessary as list_for_each_entry_safe()
is not thread safe so causing a risk of an infinite loop occurring as sk
could point to itself.
In addition, in bt_accept_dequeue() increase the sk reference count to
protect against early freeing of sk. Early freeing can be possible if the
bt_accept_unlink() thread calls l2cap_sock_kill() or rfcomm_sock_kill()
functions before bt_accept_dequeue() gets the sk lock.
For test purposes, the probability of failure can be increased by putting
a msleep of 1 second in bt_accept_dequeue() between getting the sk and
waiting for the sk lock. This exposes the fact that the loop
list_for_each_entry_safe(p, n, &bt_sk(parent)->accept_q) is not safe from
threads that unlink sk from the list in parallel with the loop which can
cause sk to become stale within the loop.
Signed-off-by: Dean Jenkins <Dean_Jenkins@mentor.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
There is a small risk that bt_accept_unlink() runs concurrently with
bt_accept_enqueue() on the same socket. This scenario could potentially
lead to a NULL pointer dereference of the socket's parent member because
the socket can be on the list but the socket's parent member is not yet
updated by bt_accept_enqueue().
Therefore, add socket locking inside bt_accept_enqueue() so that the
socket is added to the list AND the parent's socket address is set in the
socket's parent member. The socket locking ensures that the socket is on
the list with a valid non-NULL parent member.
Signed-off-by: Dean Jenkins <Dean_Jenkins@mentor.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Fix up affected files that include this signal functionality via sched.h.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Instead of keeping a version string around, use version and revision
numbers and then stringify them for use as module parameter.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
Instead of just having a LED trigger for power on a specific controller,
this adds the LED trigger "bluetooth-power" that combines the power
states of all controllers into a single trigger. This simplifies the
trigger selection and also supports multiple controllers per host
system via a single LED.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
Commit b5f34f9420 attempt to introduce
proper handling for MSG_TRUNC but recv and variants should still work
as read if no flag is passed, but because the code may set MSG_TRUNC to
msg->msg_flags that shall not be used as it may cause it to be behave as
if MSG_TRUNC is always, so instead of using it this changes the code to
use the flags parameter which shall contain the original flags.
Signed-off-by: Luiz Augusto von Dentz <luiz.von.dentz@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
If recvmsg is called with a destination buffer that is too small to
receive the contents of skb in its entirety, the return value from
recvmsg was inconsistent with common SOCK_SEQPACKET or SOCK_DGRAM
semantics.
If destination buffer provided by userspace is too small (e.g. len <
copied), then MSG_TRUNC flag is set and copied is returned. Instead, it
should return the length of the message, which is consistent with how
other datagram based sockets act. Quoting 'man recv':
"All three calls return the length of the message on successful comple‐
tion. If a message is too long to fit in the supplied buffer, excess
bytes may be discarded depending on the type of socket the message is
received from."
and
"MSG_TRUNC (since Linux 2.2)
For raw (AF_PACKET), Internet datagram (since Linux
2.4.27/2.6.8), netlink (since Linux 2.6.22), and UNIX datagram
(since Linux 3.4) sockets: return the real length of the packet
or datagram, even when it was longer than the passed buffer."
Signed-off-by: Denis Kenzior <denkenz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
sock_owned_by_user should not be used without socket lock held. It seems
to be a common practice to check .owned before lock reclassification, so
provide a little help to abstract this check away.
Cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-bluetooth@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Use list_for_each_entry*() instead of list_for_each*() to simplify
the code.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Conflicts:
drivers/net/ethernet/renesas/ravb_main.c
kernel/bpf/syscall.c
net/ipv4/ipmr.c
All three conflicts were cases of overlapping changes.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch is a cleanup to make following patch easier to
review.
Goal is to move SOCK_ASYNC_NOSPACE and SOCK_ASYNC_WAITDATA
from (struct socket)->flags to a (struct socket_wq)->flags
to benefit from RCU protection in sock_wake_async()
To ease backports, we rename both constants.
Two new helpers, sk_set_bit(int nr, struct sock *sk)
and sk_clear_bit(int net, struct sock *sk) are added so that
following patch can change their implementation.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The monitor channel can be used to send generic system notes as text
strings for debugging purposes. This adds the system note monitor code
and uses it for including kernel and subsystem version into traces.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
There are two checks that are still using (MSG_OOB) instead of just
MSG_OOB and so lets just fix them.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
With the addition of support for diagnostic feature, it makes sense to
increase the minor version of the Bluetooth core module.
The module version is not used anywhere, but it gives a nice extra
hint for debugging purposes.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
This patch converts the existing mgmt code to use the newly introduced
generic API for registering HCI channels with mgmt-like semantics.
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
After TIPC doesn't depend on iocb argument in its internal
implementations of sendmsg() and recvmsg() hooks defined in proto
structure, no any user is using iocb argument in them at all now.
Then we can drop the redundant iocb argument completely from kinds of
implementations of both sendmsg() and recvmsg() in the entire
networking stack.
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ying Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
As part of an effort to move skb->dropcount to skb->cb[] use a common
macro in protocol families using skb->cb[] for ancillary data to
validate available room in skb->cb[].
Signed-off-by: Eyal Birger <eyal.birger@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This add support for the Bluetooth self testing framework that allows
running certain test cases of sample data to ensure correctness of its
basic functionality.
With this patch only the basic framework will be added. It contains
the build magic that allows running this at module loading time or
at late_initcall stage when built into the kernel image.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
John W. Linville says:
====================
pull request: wireless-next 2014-12-08
Please pull this last batch of pending wireless updates for the 3.19 tree...
For the wireless bits, Johannes says:
"This time I have Felix's no-status rate control work, which will allow
drivers to work better with rate control even if they don't have perfect
status reporting. In addition to this, a small hwsim fix from Patrik,
one of the regulatory patches from Arik, and a number of cleanups and
fixes I did myself.
Of note is a patch where I disable CFG80211_WEXT so that compatibility
is no longer selectable - this is intended as a wake-up call for anyone
who's still using it, and is still easily worked around (it's a one-line
patch) before we fully remove the code as well in the future."
For the Bluetooth bits, Johan says:
"Here's one more bluetooth-next pull request for 3.19:
- Minor cleanups for ieee802154 & mac802154
- Fix for the kernel warning with !TASK_RUNNING reported by Kirill A.
Shutemov
- Support for another ath3k device
- Fix for tracking link key based security level
- Device tree bindings for btmrvl + a state update fix
- Fix for wrong ACL flags on LE links"
And...
"In addition to the previous one this contains two more cleanups to
mac802154 as well as support for some new HCI features from the
Bluetooth 4.2 specification.
From the original request:
'Here's what should be the last bluetooth-next pull request for 3.19.
It's rather large but the majority of it is the Low Energy Secure
Connections feature that's part of the Bluetooth 4.2 specification. The
specification went public only this week so we couldn't publish the
corresponding code before that. The code itself can nevertheless be
considered fairly mature as it's been in development for over 6 months
and gone through several interoperability test events.
Besides LE SC the pull request contains an important fix for command
complete events for mgmt sockets which also fixes some leaks of hci_conn
objects when powering off or unplugging Bluetooth adapters.
A smaller feature that's part of the pull request is service discovery
support. This is like normal device discovery except that devices not
matching specific UUIDs or strong enough RSSI are filtered out.
Other changes that the pull request contains are firmware dump support
to the btmrvl driver, firmware download support for Broadcom BCM20702A0
variants, as well as some coding style cleanups in 6lowpan &
ieee802154/mac802154 code.'"
For the NFC bits, Samuel says:
"With this one we get:
- NFC digital improvements for DEP support: Chaining, NACK and ATN
support added.
- NCI improvements: Support for p2p target, SE IO operand addition,
SE operands extensions to support proprietary implementations, and
a few fixes.
- NFC HCI improvements: OPEN_PIPE and NOTIFY_ALL_CLEARED support,
and SE IO operand addition.
- A bunch of minor improvements and fixes for STMicro st21nfcb and
st21nfca"
For the iwlwifi bits, Emmanuel says:
"Major works are CSA and TDLS. On top of that I have a new
firmware API for scan and a few rate control improvements.
Johannes find a few tricks to improve our CPU utilization
and adds support for a new spin of 7265 called 7265D.
Along with this a few random things that don't stand out."
And...
"I deprecate here -8.ucode since -9 has been published long ago.
Along with that I have a new activity, we have now better
a infrastructure for firmware debugging. This will allow to
have configurable probes insides the firmware.
Luca continues his work on NetDetect, this feature is now
complete. All the rest is minor fixes here and there."
For the Atheros bits, Kalle says:
"Only ath10k changes this time and no major changes. Most visible are:
o new debugfs interface for runtime firmware debugging (Yanbo)
o fix shared WEP (Sujith)
o don't rebuild whenever kernel version changes (Johannes)
o lots of refactoring to make it easier to add new hw support (Michal)
There's also smaller fixes and improvements with no point of listing
here."
In addition, there are a few last minute updates to ath5k,
ath9k, brcmfmac, brcmsmac, mwifiex, rt2x00, rtlwifi, and wil6210.
Also included is a pull of the wireless tree to pick-up the fixes
originally included in "pull request: wireless 2014-12-03"...
Please let me know if there are problems!
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
With the addition of support for Bluetooth Low Energy Secure Connections
feature, it makes sense to increase the minor version of the Bluetooth
core module.
The module version is not used anywhere, but it gives a nice extra
hint for debugging purposes.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
This encapsulates all of the skb_copy_datagram_iovec() callers
with call argument signature "skb, offset, msghdr->msg_iov, length".
When we move to iov_iters in the networking, the iov_iter object will
sit in the msghdr.
Having a helper like this means there will be less places to touch
during that transformation.
Based upon descriptions and patch from Al Viro.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The struct bt_skb_cb size needs to stay within the limits of skb->cb
at all times and to ensure that add a BUILD_BUG_ON to check for it at
compile time.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
bt_seq_ops is only used with __seq_open_private as
const struct seq_operations *
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
With the addition of Resolvable Private Address (RPA) resolution
support for Bluetooth Low Energy connections, it makes sense to
increase the minor version of the Bluetooth core module.
The module version is not used anywhere, but it gives a nice extra
hint for debugging purposes.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
With the addition of L2CAP Connection Oriented Channels for Bluetooth
Low Energy connections, it makes sense to increase the minor version
of the Bluetooth core module.
The module version is not used anywhere, but it gives a nice extra
hint for debugging purposes.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
This patch now always passes msg->msg_namelen as 0. recvmsg handlers must
set msg_namelen to the proper size <= sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage)
to return msg_name to the user.
This prevents numerous uninitialized memory leaks we had in the
recvmsg handlers and makes it harder for new code to accidentally leak
uninitialized memory.
Optimize for the case recvfrom is called with NULL as address. We don't
need to copy the address at all, so set it to NULL before invoking the
recvmsg handler. We can do so, because all the recvmsg handlers must
cope with the case a plain read() is called on them. read() also sets
msg_name to NULL.
Also document these changes in include/linux/net.h as suggested by David
Miller.
Changes since RFC:
Set msg->msg_name = NULL if user specified a NULL in msg_name but had a
non-null msg_namelen in verify_iovec/verify_compat_iovec. This doesn't
affect sendto as it would bail out earlier while trying to copy-in the
address. It also more naturally reflects the logic by the callers of
verify_iovec.
With this change in place I could remove "
if (!uaddr || msg_sys->msg_namelen == 0)
msg->msg_name = NULL
".
This change does not alter the user visible error logic as we ignore
msg_namelen as long as msg_name is NULL.
Also remove two unnecessary curly brackets in ___sys_recvmsg and change
comments to netdev style.
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Create the root Bluetooth debugfs directory during module init
and remove it on module exit.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
The exposed socket information do not contain source or destination
addresses. So adjust the header accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
There have been a lot of changes in the core Bluetooth handling
lately. So it is a good idea to increase the module version.
The module version is not used anywhere, but it makes debugging
a little bit simpler if versions can be distinguished.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
This allows to add a per socket msg_name callback that can be used
for updating the msg_name information for recvmsg() system calls.
This feature is used by another patch to support address information
on L2CAP connectionless channels.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
Every socket protocol now stores its own address information. So
just remove the generic src and dst fields since they are no longer
needed.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
The bt_sock_wait_state requires the sk lock to be held (through
lock_sock) so document it clearly in the code.
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
Acked-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Gustavo Padovan <gustavo.padovan@collabora.co.uk>
In the case of blocking sockets we should not proceed with sendmsg() if
the socket has the BT_SK_SUSPEND flag set. So far the code was only
ensuring that POLLOUT doesn't get set for non-blocking sockets using
poll() but there was no code in place to ensure that blocking sockets do
the right thing when writing to them.
This patch adds a new bt_sock_wait_ready helper function to sleep in the
sendmsg call if the BT_SK_SUSPEND flag is set, and wake up as soon as it
is unset. It also updates the L2CAP and RFCOMM sendmsg callbacks to take
advantage of this new helper function.
Signed-off-by: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@intel.com>
Acked-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: Gustavo Padovan <gustavo.padovan@collabora.co.uk>
Pull VFS updates from Al Viro,
Misc cleanups all over the place, mainly wrt /proc interfaces (switch
create_proc_entry to proc_create(), get rid of the deprecated
create_proc_read_entry() in favor of using proc_create_data() and
seq_file etc).
7kloc removed.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (204 commits)
don't bother with deferred freeing of fdtables
proc: Move non-public stuff from linux/proc_fs.h to fs/proc/internal.h
proc: Make the PROC_I() and PDE() macros internal to procfs
proc: Supply a function to remove a proc entry by PDE
take cgroup_open() and cpuset_open() to fs/proc/base.c
ppc: Clean up scanlog
ppc: Clean up rtas_flash driver somewhat
hostap: proc: Use remove_proc_subtree()
drm: proc: Use remove_proc_subtree()
drm: proc: Use minor->index to label things, not PDE->name
drm: Constify drm_proc_list[]
zoran: Don't print proc_dir_entry data in debug
reiserfs: Don't access the proc_dir_entry in r_open(), r_start() r_show()
proc: Supply an accessor for getting the data from a PDE's parent
airo: Use remove_proc_subtree()
rtl8192u: Don't need to save device proc dir PDE
rtl8187se: Use a dir under /proc/net/r8180/
proc: Add proc_mkdir_data()
proc: Move some bits from linux/proc_fs.h to linux/{of.h,signal.h,tty.h}
proc: Move PDE_NET() to fs/proc/proc_net.c
...
The only part of proc_dir_entry the code outside of fs/proc
really cares about is PDE(inode)->data. Provide a helper
for that; static inline for now, eventually will be moved
to fs/proc, along with the knowledge of struct proc_dir_entry
layout.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Conflicts:
drivers/nfc/microread/mei.c
net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue_core.c
Pull in 'net' to get Eric Biederman's AF_UNIX fix, upon which
some cleanups are going to go on-top.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In case the socket is already shutting down, bt_sock_recvmsg() returns
with 0 without updating msg_namelen leading to net/socket.c leaking the
local, uninitialized sockaddr_storage variable to userland -- 128 bytes
of kernel stack memory.
Fix this by moving the msg_namelen assignment in front of the shutdown
test.
Cc: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Cc: Gustavo Padovan <gustavo@padovan.org>
Cc: Johan Hedberg <johan.hedberg@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Commit 7d4c04fc17 ("net: add option to enable
error queue packets waking select") has an issue due to operator precedence
causing the bit-wise OR to bind to the sock_flags call instead of the result of
the terniary conditional. This fixes the *_poll functions to work properly. The
old code results in "mask |= POLLPRI" instead of what was intended, which is to
only include POLLPRI when the socket option is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Currently, when a socket receives something on the error queue it only wakes up
the socket on select if it is in the "read" list, that is the socket has
something to read. It is useful also to wake the socket if it is in the error
list, which would enable software to wait on error queue packets without waking
up for regular data on the socket. The main use case is for receiving
timestamped transmit packets which return the timestamp to the socket via the
error queue. This enables an application to select on the socket for the error
queue only instead of for the regular traffic.
-v2-
* Added the SO_SELECT_ERR_QUEUE socket option to every architechture specific file
* Modified every socket poll function that checks error queue
Signed-off-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com>
Cc: Jeffrey Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
Cc: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Vick <matthew.vick@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There is no reason a caller ever wants to check the return type of this
call. _Iff_ a user successfully called bt_sock_register(), they're allowed
to call bt_sock_unregister().
All other calls in the kernel (device_del, device_unregister, kfree(), ..)
that are logically equivalent return void. Lets not make callers think
they have to check the return type of this call and instead simply return
void.
We guarantee that after bt_sock_unregister() is called, the socket type
_is_ unregistered. If that is not what the caller wants, they're using the
wrong function, anyway.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Gustavo Padovan <gustavo.padovan@collabora.co.uk>
proc_net_remove is only used to remove proc entries
that under /proc/net,it's not a general function for
removing proc entries of netns. if we want to remove
some proc entries which under /proc/net/stat/, we still
need to call remove_proc_entry.
this patch use remove_proc_entry to replace proc_net_remove.
we can remove proc_net_remove after this patch.
Signed-off-by: Gao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>