When using 64kB pages, we only have two levels of page tables,
meaning that PGD, PUD and PMD are fused. In this case, trying
to refcount PUDs and PMDs independently is a a complete disaster,
as they are the same.
We manage to get it right for the allocation (stage2_set_pte uses
{pmd,pud}_none), but the unmapping path clears both pud and pmd
refcounts, which fails spectacularly with 2-level page tables.
The fix is to avoid calling clear_pud_entry when both the pmd and
pud pages are empty. For this, and instead of introducing another
pud_empty function, consolidate both pte_empty and pmd_empty into
page_empty (the code is actually identical) and use that to also
test the validity of the pud.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@linaro.org>
The unmap_range function did not properly cover the case when the start
address was not aligned to PMD_SIZE or PUD_SIZE and an entire pte table
or pmd table was cleared, causing us to leak memory when incrementing
the addr.
The fix is to always move onto the next page table entry boundary
instead of adding the full size of the VA range covered by the
corresponding table level entry.
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@linaro.org>
On the x86 side, there are some optimizations and documentation updates.
The big ARM/KVM change for 3.11, support for AArch64, will come through
Catalin Marinas's tree. s390 and PPC have misc cleanups and bugfixes.
There is a conflict due to "s390/pgtable: fix ipte notify bit" having
entered 3.10 through Martin Schwidefsky's s390 tree. This pull request
has additional changes on top, so this tree's version is the correct one.
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull KVM fixes from Paolo Bonzini:
"On the x86 side, there are some optimizations and documentation
updates. The big ARM/KVM change for 3.11, support for AArch64, will
come through Catalin Marinas's tree. s390 and PPC have misc cleanups
and bugfixes"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (87 commits)
KVM: PPC: Ignore PIR writes
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Invalidate SLB entries properly
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Allow guest to use 1TB segments
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Don't keep scanning HPTEG after we find a match
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Fix invalidation of SLB entry 0 on guest entry
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Fix proto-VSID calculations
KVM: PPC: Guard doorbell exception with CONFIG_PPC_DOORBELL
KVM: Fix RTC interrupt coalescing tracking
kvm: Add a tracepoint write_tsc_offset
KVM: MMU: Inform users of mmio generation wraparound
KVM: MMU: document fast invalidate all mmio sptes
KVM: MMU: document fast invalidate all pages
KVM: MMU: document fast page fault
KVM: MMU: document mmio page fault
KVM: MMU: document write_flooding_count
KVM: MMU: document clear_spte_count
KVM: MMU: drop kvm_mmu_zap_mmio_sptes
KVM: MMU: init kvm generation close to mmio wrap-around value
KVM: MMU: add tracepoint for check_mmio_spte
KVM: MMU: fast invalidate all mmio sptes
...
S2_PGD_SIZE defines the number of pages used by a stage-2 PGD
and is unused, except for a VM_BUG_ON check that missuses the
define.
As the check is very unlikely to ever triggered except in
circumstances where KVM is the least of our worries, just kill
both the define and the VM_BUG_ON check.
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
The KVM/ARM MMU code doesn't take care of invalidating TLBs before
freeing a {pte,pmd} table. This could cause problems if the page
is reallocated and then speculated into by another CPU.
Reported-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
Now that we have the necessary infrastructure to boot a hotplugged CPU
at any point in time, wire a CPU notifier that will perform the HYP
init for the incoming CPU.
Note that this depends on the platform code and/or firmware to boot the
incoming CPU with HYP mode enabled and return to the kernel by following
the normal boot path (HYP stub installed).
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
Our HYP init code suffers from two major design issues:
- it cannot support CPU hotplug, as we tear down the idmap very early
- it cannot perform a TLB invalidation when switching from init to
runtime mappings, as pages are manipulated from PL1 exclusively
The hotplug problem mandates that we keep two sets of page tables
(boot and runtime). The TLB problem mandates that we're able to
transition from one PGD to another while in HYP, invalidating the TLBs
in the process.
To be able to do this, we need to share a page between the two page
tables. A page that will have the same VA in both configurations. All we
need is a VA that has the following properties:
- This VA can't be used to represent a kernel mapping.
- This VA will not conflict with the physical address of the kernel text
The vectors page seems to satisfy this requirement:
- The kernel never maps anything else there
- The kernel text being copied at the beginning of the physical memory,
it is unlikely to use the last 64kB (I doubt we'll ever support KVM
on a system with something like 4MB of RAM, but patches are very
welcome).
Let's call this VA the trampoline VA.
Now, we map our init page at 3 locations:
- idmap in the boot pgd
- trampoline VA in the boot pgd
- trampoline VA in the runtime pgd
The init scenario is now the following:
- We jump in HYP with four parameters: boot HYP pgd, runtime HYP pgd,
runtime stack, runtime vectors
- Enable the MMU with the boot pgd
- Jump to a target into the trampoline page (remember, this is the same
physical page!)
- Now switch to the runtime pgd (same VA, and still the same physical
page!)
- Invalidate TLBs
- Set stack and vectors
- Profit! (or eret, if you only care about the code).
Note that we keep the boot mapping permanently (it is not strictly an
idmap anymore) to allow for CPU hotplug in later patches.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
There is no point in freeing HYP page tables differently from Stage-2.
They now have the same requirements, and should be dealt with the same way.
Promote unmap_stage2_range to be The One True Way, and get rid of a number
of nasty bugs in the process (good thing we never actually called free_hyp_pmds
before...).
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
After the HYP page table rework, it is pretty easy to let the KVM
code provide its own idmap, rather than expecting the kernel to
provide it. It takes actually less code to do so.
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
The current code for creating HYP mapping doesn't like to wrap
around zero, which prevents from mapping anything into the last
page of the virtual address space.
It doesn't take much effort to remove this limitation, making
the code more consistent with the rest of the kernel in the process.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
The way we populate HYP mappings is a bit convoluted, to say the least.
Passing a pointer around to keep track of the current PFN is quite
odd, and we end-up having two different PTE accessors for no good
reason.
Simplify the whole thing by unifying the two PTE accessors, passing
a pgprot_t around, and moving the various validity checks to the
upper layers.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
Instead of trying to free everything from PAGE_OFFSET to the
top of memory, use the virt_addr_valid macro to check the
upper limit.
Also do the same for the vmalloc region where the IO mappings
are allocated.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu>
v8 is capable of invalidating Stage-2 by IPA, but v7 is not.
Change kvm_tlb_flush_vmid() to take an IPA parameter, which is
then ignored by the invalidation code (and nuke the whole TLB
as it always did).
This allows v8 to implement a more optimized strategy.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
The ARM ARM says that HPFAR reports bits [39:12] of the faulting
IPA, and we need to complement it with the bottom 12 bits of the
faulting VA.
This is always 12 bits, irrespective of the page size. Makes it
clearer in the code.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
__create_hyp_mappings() performs some kind of address validation before
creating the mapping, by verifying that the start address is above
PAGE_OFFSET.
This check is not completely correct for kernel memory (the upper
boundary has to be checked as well so we do not end up with highmem
pages), and wrong for IO mappings (the mapping must exist in the vmalloc
region).
Fix this by using the proper predicates (virt_addr_valid and
is_vmalloc_addr), which also work correctly on ARM64 (where the vmalloc
region is below PAGE_OFFSET).
Also change the BUG_ON() into a less agressive error return.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
arm64 cannot represent the kernel VAs in HYP mode, because of the lack
of TTBR1 at EL2. A way to cope with this situation is to have HYP VAs
to be an offset from the kernel VAs.
Introduce macros to convert a kernel VA to a HYP VA, make the HYP
mapping functions use these conversion macros. Also change the
documentation to reflect the existence of the offset.
On ARM, where we can have an identity mapping between kernel and HYP,
the macros are without any effect.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Move low level MMU-related operations to kvm_mmu.h. This makes
the MMU code reusable by the arm64 port.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Instead of directly accessing the fault registers, use proper accessors
so the core code can be shared.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Commit 7a905b1 (KVM: Remove user_alloc from struct kvm_memory_slot)
broke KVM/ARM by removing the user_alloc field from a public structure.
As we only used this field to alert the user that we didn't support
this operation mode, there is no harm in discarding this bit of code
without any remorse.
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
When the guest accesses I/O memory this will create data abort
exceptions and they are handled by decoding the HSR information
(physical address, read/write, length, register) and forwarding reads
and writes to QEMU which performs the device emulation.
Certain classes of load/store operations do not support the syndrome
information provided in the HSR. We don't support decoding these (patches
are available elsewhere), so we report an error to user space in this case.
This requires changing the general flow somewhat since new calls to run
the VCPU must check if there's a pending MMIO load and perform the write
after userspace has made the data available.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
Handles the guest faults in KVM by mapping in corresponding user pages
in the 2nd stage page tables.
We invalidate the instruction cache by MVA whenever we map a page to the
guest (no, we cannot only do it when we have an iabt because the guest
may happily read/write a page before hitting the icache) if the hardware
uses VIPT or PIPT. In the latter case, we can invalidate only that
physical page. In the first case, all bets are off and we simply must
invalidate the whole affair. Not that VIVT icaches are tagged with
vmids, and we are out of the woods on that one. Alexander Graf was nice
enough to remind us of this massive pain.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
This commit introduces the framework for guest memory management
through the use of 2nd stage translation. Each VM has a pointer
to a level-1 table (the pgd field in struct kvm_arch) which is
used for the 2nd stage translations. Entries are added when handling
guest faults (later patch) and the table itself can be allocated and
freed through the following functions implemented in
arch/arm/kvm/arm_mmu.c:
- kvm_alloc_stage2_pgd(struct kvm *kvm);
- kvm_free_stage2_pgd(struct kvm *kvm);
Each entry in TLBs and caches are tagged with a VMID identifier in
addition to ASIDs. The VMIDs are assigned consecutively to VMs in the
order that VMs are executed, and caches and tlbs are invalidated when
the VMID space has been used to allow for more than 255 simultaenously
running guests.
The 2nd stage pgd is allocated in kvm_arch_init_vm(). The table is
freed in kvm_arch_destroy_vm(). Both functions are called from the main
KVM code.
We pre-allocate page table memory to be able to synchronize using a
spinlock and be called under rcu_read_lock from the MMU notifiers. We
steal the mmu_memory_cache implementation from x86 and adapt for our
specific usage.
We support MMU notifiers (thanks to Marc Zyngier) through
kvm_unmap_hva and kvm_set_spte_hva.
Finally, define kvm_phys_addr_ioremap() to map a device at a guest IPA,
which is used by VGIC support to map the virtual CPU interface registers
to the guest. This support is added by Marc Zyngier.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
Sets up KVM code to handle all exceptions taken to Hyp mode.
When the kernel is booted in Hyp mode, calling an hvc instruction with r0
pointing to the new vectors, the HVBAR is changed to the the vector pointers.
This allows subsystems (like KVM here) to execute code in Hyp-mode with the
MMU disabled.
We initialize other Hyp-mode registers and enables the MMU for Hyp-mode from
the id-mapped hyp initialization code. Afterwards, the HVBAR is changed to
point to KVM Hyp vectors used to catch guest faults and to switch to Hyp mode
to perform a world-switch into a KVM guest.
Also provides memory mapping code to map required code pages, data structures,
and I/O regions accessed in Hyp mode at the same virtual address as the host
kernel virtual addresses, but which conforms to the architectural requirements
for translations in Hyp mode. This interface is added in arch/arm/kvm/arm_mmu.c
and comprises:
- create_hyp_mappings(from, to);
- create_hyp_io_mappings(from, to, phys_addr);
- free_hyp_pmds();
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
Targets KVM support for Cortex A-15 processors.
Contains all the framework components, make files, header files, some
tracing functionality, and basic user space API.
Only supported core is Cortex-A15 for now.
Most functionality is in arch/arm/kvm/* or arch/arm/include/asm/kvm_*.h.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
Marc Zyngier