Fix this sparse warnings:
drivers/net/bonding/bond_main.c:104:20: warning: symbol 'bonding_defaults' was not declared. Should it be static?
drivers/net/bonding/bond_main.c:204:22: warning: symbol 'ad_select_tbl' was not declared. Should it be static?
drivers/net/bonding/bond_sysfs.c:60:21: warning: symbol 'bonding_rwsem' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Remove some declarations from bonding.c as they are declared in bonding.h
already.
Signed-off-by: Holger Eitzenberger <holger@eitzenberger.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Use pr_debug() instead of own macros.
Signed-off-by: Holger Eitzenberger <holger@eitzenberger.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Convert to net_device_ops table.
Note: for some operations move error checking into generic networking
layer (rather than looking at pointers in bonding).
A couple of gratituous style cleanups to get rid of extra {}
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
We have some reasons to kill netdev->priv:
1. netdev->priv is equal to netdev_priv().
2. netdev_priv() wraps the calculation of netdev->priv's offset, obviously
netdev_priv() is more flexible than netdev->priv.
But we cann't kill netdev->priv, because so many drivers reference to it
directly.
This patch is a safe convert for netdev->priv to netdev_priv(netdev).
Since all of the netdev->priv is only for read.
But it is too big to be sent in one mail.
I split it to 4 parts and make every part smaller than 100,000 bytes,
which is max size allowed by vger.
Signed-off-by: Wang Chen <wangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch implements alternative aggregator selection policies
for 802.3ad. The existing policy, now termed "stable," selects the active
aggregator by greatest bandwidth, and only reselects a new aggregator
if the active aggregator is entirely disabled (no more ports or all ports
down).
This patch adds two new policies: bandwidth and count, selecting
the active aggregator by total bandwidth (like the stable policy) or by
the number of ports in the aggregator, respectively. These two policies
also differ from the stable policy in that they will reselect the active
aggregator when availability-related changes occur in the bond (e.g.,
link state change).
This permits "gang failover" within 802.3ad, allowing redundant
aggregators along parallel paths to always maintain the "best" aggregator
as the active aggregator (rather than having to wait for the active to
entirely fail).
This patch also updates the driver version to 3.5.0.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
This patch adds better IPv6 failover support for bonding devices,
especially when in active-backup mode and there are only IPv6 addresses
configured, as reported by Alex Sidorenko.
- Creates a new file, net/drivers/bonding/bond_ipv6.c, for the
IPv6-specific routines. Both regular bonds and VLANs over bonds
are supported.
- Adds a new tunable, num_unsol_na, to limit the number of unsolicited
IPv6 Neighbor Advertisements that are sent on a failover event.
Default is 1.
- Creates two new IPv6 neighbor discovery functions:
ndisc_build_skb()
ndisc_send_skb()
These were required to support VLANs since we have to be able to
add the VLAN id to the skb since ndisc_send_na() and friends
shouldn't be asked to do this. These two routines are basically
__ndisc_send() split into two pieces, in a slightly different order.
- Updates Documentation/networking/bonding.txt and bumps the rev of bond
support to 3.4.0.
On failover, this new code will generate one packet:
- An unsolicited IPv6 Neighbor Advertisement, which helps the switch
learn that the address has moved to the new slave.
Testing has shown that sending just the NA results in pretty good
behavior when in active-back mode, I saw no lost ping packets for example.
Signed-off-by: Brian Haley <brian.haley@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
The only user of the net_device->last_rx field is bonding.
This patch adds a conditional update of last_rx to the bonding special
logic in skb_bond_should_drop, causing last_rx to only be updated when
the ARP monitor is running.
This frees network device drivers from the necessity of
updating last_rx, which can have cache line thrash issues.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Using NIPQUAD() with NIPQUAD_FMT, %d.%d.%d.%d or %u.%u.%u.%u
can be replaced with %pI4
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This converts pretty much everything to print_mac. There were
a few things that had conflicts which I have just dropped for
now, no harm done.
I've built an allyesconfig with this and looked at the files
that weren't built very carefully, but it's a huge patch.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It is wrong to destroy a bonding master from a context that uses the sysfs
of that bond. When last IPoIB slave is unenslaved from by writing to a
sysfs file (for bond0 this would be /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves)
the driver tries to destroy the bond. This is wrong and can lead to a
lockup or a crash. This fix lets the bonding master stay and relies on
the user to destroy the bonding master if necessary (i.e. before module
ib_ipoib is unloaded)
This patch affects only bonds of IPoIB slaves. Ethernet slaves stay
unaffected.
Signed-off-by: Moni Shoua <monis@voltaire.com>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Permit bonding to function rationally if max_bonds is set to
zero. This will load the module, but create no master devices (which can
be created via sysfs).
Requires some change to bond_create_sysfs; currently, the
netdev sysfs directory is determined from the first bonding device created,
but this is no longer possible. Instead, an interface from net/core is
created to create and destroy files in net_class.
Based on a patch submitted by Phil Oester <kernel@linuxaces.com>.
Modified by Jay Vosburgh to fix the sysfs issue mentioned above and to
update the documentation.
Signed-off-by: Phil Oester <kernel@linuxace.com>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Add a "follow" selection for fail_over_mac. This option
causes the MAC address to move from slave to slave as the active
slave changes. This is in addition to the existing fail_over_mac option
that causes the bond's MAC address to change during failover.
This new option is useful for devices that cannot tolerate
multiple ports using the same MAC address simultaneously, either
because it confuses them or incurs a performance penalty (as is the
case with some LPAR-aware multiport devices). Because the MAC of the
bond itself does not change, the "follow" option is slightly more
reliable during failover and doesn't change the MAC of the bond during
operation.
This patch requires a previous ARP monitor change to properly
handle RTNL during failovers.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
With IPoIB, reception of gratuitous ARP by neighboring hosts
is essential for a successful change of slaves in case of failure.
Otherwise, they won't learn about the HW address change and need
to wait a long time until the neighboring system gives up and sends
an ARP request to learn the new HW address. This patch decreases
the chance for a lost of a gratuitous ARP packet by sending it more
than once. The number retries is configurable and can be set with a
module param.
Signed-off-by: Moni Shoua <monis@voltaire.com>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Many places either do not modify the list under the list_for_each_xxx,
or break out of the loop as soon as the first element is removed.
Thus, this _safe iteration just occupies some unneeded .text space
and requires an additional variable.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
While we're fixing the bond_create, I hope it's OK to polish it
a bit after the fixes.
The third argument is NULL at the first caller and is ignored by
the second one, so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
If device already exists named bonding_masters, then fail. This is a wierd
corner case only a QA group could love.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Fixed an error unwind in bonding_store_bonds that didn't release
the locks it held, and consolidated unwinds into a common block at the
end of the function. Bug reported by Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>,
who provided a different fix.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
original_mtu is only used if we end up with a non-NULL
dev, and it is assigned in all such cases, but GCC can't
see that.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Fix the handling of rtnl and the bonding_rwsem to always be acquired
in a consistent order (rtnl, then bonding_rwsem).
The existing code sometimes acquired them in this order, and sometimes
in the opposite order, which opens a window for deadlock between ifenslave
and sysfs.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
A recent change to add an additional hash policy modified
bond_parse_parm, but it now does not correctly match parameters passed in
via sysfs.
Rewrote bond_parse_parm to handle (a) parameter matches that
are substrings of one another and (b) user input with whitespace (e.g.,
sysfs input often has a trailing newline).
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Fix the functions that store the primary and active slave
options via sysfs to hold the correct locks in the correct order.
The bond_change_active_slave and bond_select_active_slave
functions both require rtnl, bond->lock for read and curr_slave_lock for
write_bh, and no other locks. This is so that the lower level
mode-specific functions (notably for balance-alb mode) can release locks
down to just rtnl in order to call, e.g., dev_set_mac_address with the
locks it expects (rtnl only).
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Gospodarek <andy@greyhouse.net>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
From: Wagner Ferenc <wferi@niif.hu>
For consistency with the behaviour of the arp_ip_target option,
let /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/xmit_hash_policy accept and report
current policy even if the bonding mode in effect does not use it.
Signed-off-by: Ferenc Wagner <wferi@niif.hu>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
From: Wagner Ferenc <wferi@niif.hu>
Adhere to coding style: break line after the if condition
Signed-off-by: Ferenc Wagner <wferi@niif.hu>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
From: Wagner Ferenc <wferi@niif.hu>
Code for rendering multivalue sysfs files occurs three times
in this module. Rename 'buffer' to 'buf' in the first, for
the sake of consistency.
Signed-off-by: Ferenc Wagner <wferi@niif.hu>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
From: Wagner Ferenc <wferi@niif.hu>
The previous code returned '\n' (that is, a single empty line)
from most files, with one exception (xmit_hash_policy), where
it returned 'NA\n'. This patch consolidates each file to return
nothing at all if not applicable, not even a '\n'.
I find this behaviour more usual, more useful, more efficient
and shorter to code from both sides.
Signed-off-by: Ferenc Wagner <wferi@niif.hu>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
From: Wagner Ferenc <wferi@niif.hu>
Also remove trailing spaces from multivalued files.
This fixes output like for example:
$ od -c /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves
0000000 e t h - l e f t e t h - r i g
0000020 h t \n \0
0000025
It mostly entails deleting '+1'-s after sprintf() calls: the return value
of sprintf is the number of characters printed, without the closing NUL,
ie. exactly what the sysfs interface requires. The three multivalue
cases are different, because they also have to swallow back a trailing
space.
Signed-off-by: Ferenc Wagner <wferi@niif.hu>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Looks like I incorrectly merged one of the rtnl lock changes,
so that one function, bonding_show_active_slave, held rtnl but didn't
release it, and another, bonding_store_active_slave, never held rtnl but
did release it.
Fixed so the first function doesn't mess with rtnl, and the
second correctly acquires and releases rtnl.
Bug reported by Moni Shoua <monis@voltaire.com>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Convert more lock acquisitions to _bh flavor to avoid deadlock
with workqueue activity and add acquisition of RTNL in appropriate places.
Affects ALB mode, as well as core bonding functions and sysfs.
Signed-off-by: Andy Gospodarek <andy@greyhouse.net>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Convert bonding timers to workqueues. This converts the various
monitor functions to run in periodic work queues instead of timers. This
patch introduces the framework and convers the calls, but does not resolve
various locking issues, and does not stand alone.
Signed-off-by: Andy Gospodarek <andy@greyhouse.net>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Fix the various misspellings of "system", controller", "interrupt" and
"[un]necessary".
Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Update the "don't change MAC of slaves" functionality added in
previous changes to be a generic option, rather than something tied to
IB devices, as it's occasionally useful for regular ethernet devices as
well.
Adds "fail_over_mac" option (which is automatically enabled for IB
slaves), applicable only to active-backup mode.
Includes documentation update.
Updates bonding driver version to 3.2.0.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
When bonding enslaves non Ethernet devices it takes pointers to functions
in the module that owns the slaves. In this case it becomes unsafe
to keep the bonding master registered after last slave was unenslaved
because we don't know if the pointers are still valid. Destroying the bond when slave_cnt is zero
ensures that these functions be used anymore.
Signed-off-by: Moni Shoua <monis at voltaire.com>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
bonding sometimes uses Ethernet constants (such as MTU and address length) which
are not good when it enslaves non Ethernet devices (such as InfiniBand).
Signed-off-by: Moni Shoua <monis at voltaire.com>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Allow to enslave devices when the bonding device is not up. Over the discussion
held at the previous post this seemed to be the most clean way to go, where it
is not expected to cause instabilities.
Normally, the bonding driver is UP before any enslavement takes place.
Once a netdevice is UP, the network stack acts to have it join some multicast groups
(eg the all-hosts 224.0.0.1). Now, since ether_setup() have set the bonding device
type to be ARPHRD_ETHER and address len to be ETHER_ALEN, the net core code
computes a wrong multicast link address. This is b/c ip_eth_mc_map() is called
where for multicast joins taking place after the enslavement another ip_xxx_mc_map()
is called (eg ip_ib_mc_map() when the bond type is ARPHRD_INFINIBAND)
Signed-off-by: Moni Shoua <monis at voltaire.com>
Signed-off-by: Or Gerlitz <ogerlitz at voltaire.com>
Acked-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
This patch cleans up duplicate includes in
drivers/net/
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
Acked-by: "John W. Linville" <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
This patch makes most of the generic device layer network
namespace safe. This patch makes dev_base_head a
network namespace variable, and then it picks up
a few associated variables. The functions:
dev_getbyhwaddr
dev_getfirsthwbytype
dev_get_by_flags
dev_get_by_name
__dev_get_by_name
dev_get_by_index
__dev_get_by_index
dev_ioctl
dev_ethtool
dev_load
wireless_process_ioctl
were modified to take a network namespace argument, and
deal with it.
vlan_ioctl_set and brioctl_set were modified so their
hooks will receive a network namespace argument.
So basically anthing in the core of the network stack that was
affected to by the change of dev_base was modified to handle
multiple network namespaces. The rest of the network stack was
simply modified to explicitly use &init_net the initial network
namespace. This can be fixed when those components of the network
stack are modified to handle multiple network namespaces.
For now the ifindex generator is left global.
Fundametally ifindex numbers are per namespace, or else
we will have corner case problems with migration when
we get that far.
At the same time there are assumptions in the network stack
that the ifindex of a network device won't change. Making
the ifindex number global seems a good compromise until
the network stack can cope with ifindex changes when
you change namespaces, and the like.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The following patch (based on a patch from Stephen Hemminger
<shemminger@linux-foundation.org>) removes use after free conditions in
the unregister path for the bonding master. Without this patch, an
operation of the form "echo -bond0 > /sys/class/net/bonding_masters"
would trigger a NULL pointer dereference in sysfs. I was not able to
induce the failure with the non-sysfs code path, but for consistency I
updated that code as well.
I also did some testing of the bonding /proc file being open
while the bond is being deleted, and didn't see any problems there.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
After Al Viro (finally) succeeded in removing the sched.h #include in module.h
recently, it makes sense again to remove other superfluous sched.h includes.
There are quite a lot of files which include it but don't actually need
anything defined in there. Presumably these includes were once needed for
macros that used to live in sched.h, but moved to other header files in the
course of cleaning it up.
To ease the pain, this time I did not fiddle with any header files and only
removed #includes from .c-files, which tend to cause less trouble.
Compile tested against 2.6.20-rc2 and 2.6.20-rc2-mm2 (with offsets) on alpha,
arm, i386, ia64, mips, powerpc, and x86_64 with allnoconfig, defconfig,
allmodconfig, and allyesconfig as well as a few randconfigs on x86_64 and all
configs in arch/arm/configs on arm. I also checked that no new warnings were
introduced by the patch (actually, some warnings are removed that were emitted
by unnecessarily included header files).
Signed-off-by: Tim Schmielau <tim@physik3.uni-rostock.de>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-2.6: (28 commits)
sysfs: Shadow directory support
Driver Core: Increase the default timeout value of the firmware subsystem
Driver core: allow to delay the uevent at device creation time
Driver core: add device_type to struct device
Driver core: add uevent vars for devices of a class
SYSFS: Fix missing include of list.h in sysfs.h
HOWTO: Add a reference to Harbison and Steele
sysfs: error handling in sysfs, fill_read_buffer()
kobject: kobject_put cleanup
sysfs: kobject_put cleanup
sysfs: suppress lockdep warnings
Driver core: fix race in sysfs between sysfs_remove_file() and read()/write()
driver core: Change function call order in device_bind_driver().
driver core: Don't stop probing on ->probe errors.
driver core fixes: device_register() retval check in platform.c
driver core fixes: make_class_name() retval checks
/sys/modules/*/holders
USB: add the sysfs driver name to all modules
SERIO: add the sysfs driver name to all modules
PCI: add the sysfs driver name to all modules
...
This lets the network core have the ability to handle suspend/resume
issues, if it wants to.
Thanks to Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@gmail.com> for the arm
driver fixes.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The existing code would blindly attempt to create the
bonding_masters file (in /sys/class/net) every time the module was
loaded. When the module is loaded multiple times (which is the
historical method used by initscripts and sysconfig to create multiple
bonding interfaces), this caused load failure of the second module load
attempt, as the creation request would fail.
This changes the code to note the failure, arrange to not remove
the bonding_masters file upon module exit, and then return success.
Bonding interfaces created by the second or subsequent loads of
the module will not exist in bonding_masters. This is not a significant
change, as previously only the interfaces from the most recent load of
the module would be listed. Both situations are less than optimal, but
this case permits compatibility with existing distro configuration
scripts, and is consistent.
Note that previously, the sysfs create request would overwrite
the exsting bonding_masters file and succeed, allowing multiple loads of
the module. The sysfs code has recently changed to return an error if
the file being created already exists.
Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>, who reported this problem,
observed crashes on the old kernel (before sysfs checked for
duplicates). I did not experience such crashes, but this change should
resolve them.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Add logic to check ARP request / reply packets used for ARP
monitor link integrity checking.
The current method simply examines the slave device to see if it
has sent and received traffic; this can be fooled by extraneous traffic.
For example, if multiple hosts running bonding are behind a common
switch, the probe traffic from the multiple instances of bonding will
update the tx/rx times on each other's slave devices.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Remove unneeded test for NULL. Reported by Thomas Dillig
<tdillig@stanford.edu> and Isil Dillig <isil@stanford.edu> via Stephen
Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>.
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Originally submitted by Kenzo Iwami; his original description is:
The current bonding driver receives duplicate packets when broadcast/
multicast packets are sent by other devices or packets are flooded by the
switch. In this patch, new flags are added in priv_flags of net_device
structure to let the bonding driver discard duplicate packets in
dev.c:skb_bond().
Modified by Jay Vosburgh to change a define name, update some
comments, rearrange the new skb_bond() for clarity, clear all bonding
priv_flags on slave release, and update the driver version.
Signed-off-by: Kenzo Iwami <k-iwami@cj.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
drivers/net/bonding/bond_sysfs.c:263:27: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
drivers/net/bonding/bond_sysfs.c:998:26: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
drivers/net/bonding/bond_sysfs.c:1126:26: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@mandriva.com.br>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>
Hannes Eder