Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The current test for bio vec merging is not fully accurate and can be
tricked into merging bios when certain grant combinations are used.
The result of these malicious bio merges is a bio that extends past
the memory page used by any of the originating bios.
Take into account the following scenario, where a guest creates two
grant references that point to the same mfn, ie: grant 1 -> mfn A,
grant 2 -> mfn A.
These references are then used in a PV block request, and mapped by
the backend domain, thus obtaining two different pfns that point to
the same mfn, pfn B -> mfn A, pfn C -> mfn A.
If those grants happen to be used in two consecutive sectors of a disk
IO operation becoming two different bios in the backend domain, the
checks in xen_biovec_phys_mergeable will succeed, because bfn1 == bfn2
(they both point to the same mfn). However due to the bio merging,
the backend domain will end up with a bio that expands past mfn A into
mfn A + 1.
Fix this by making sure the check in xen_biovec_phys_mergeable takes
into account the offset and the length of the bio, this basically
replicates whats done in __BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE using mfns (bus
addresses). While there also remove the usage of
__BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE, since that's already checked by the callers
of xen_biovec_phys_mergeable.
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: "Jan H. Schönherr" <jschoenh@amazon.de>
Signed-off-by: Roger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
On ARM all dma-capable devices on a same platform may not be protected
by an IOMMU. The DMA requests have to use the BFN (i.e MFN on ARM) in
order to use correctly the device.
While the DOM0 memory is allocated in a 1:1 fashion (PFN == MFN), grant
mapping will screw this contiguous mapping.
When Linux is using 64KB page granularitary, the page may be split
accross multiple non-contiguous MFN (Xen is using 4KB page
granularity). Therefore a DMA request will likely fail.
Checking that a 64KB page is using contiguous MFN is tedious. For
now, always says that biovec are not mergeable.
Signed-off-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
The swiotlb is required when programming a DMA address on ARM when a
device is not protected by an IOMMU.
In this case, the DMA address should always be equal to the machine address.
For DOM0 memory, Xen ensure it by have an identity mapping between the
guest address and host address. However, when mapping a foreign grant
reference, the 1:1 model doesn't work.
For ARM guest, most of the callers of pfn_to_mfn expects to get a GFN
(Guest Frame Number), i.e a PFN (Page Frame Number) from the Linux point
of view given that all ARM guest are auto-translated.
Even though the name pfn_to_mfn is misleading, we need to ensure that
those caller get a GFN and not by mistake a MFN. In pratical, I haven't
seen error related to this but we should fix it for the sake of
correctness.
In order to fix the implementation of pfn_to_mfn on ARM in a follow-up
patch, we have to introduce new helpers to return the DMA from a PFN and
the invert.
On x86, the new helpers will be an alias of pfn_to_mfn and mfn_to_pfn.
The helpers will be used in swiotlb and xen_biovec_phys_mergeable.
This is necessary in the latter because we have to ensure that the
biovec code will not try to merge a biovec using foreign page and
another using Linux memory.
Lastly, the helper mfn_to_local_pfn has been renamed to bfn_to_local_pfn
given that the only usage was in swiotlb.
Signed-off-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Fix these warnings:
drivers/xen/biomerge.c:14:1: warning: data definition has no type or storage class [enabled by default]
drivers/xen/biomerge.c:14:1: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'EXPORT_SYMBOL' [-Wimplicit-int]
drivers/xen/biomerge.c:14:1: warning: parameter names (without types) in function declaration [enabled by default]
And this build error:
ERROR: "xen_biovec_phys_mergeable" [drivers/block/nvme.ko] undefined!
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When Xen is enabled, using BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE in a module
causes xen_biovec_phys_mergeable to be referenced, so it needs
to be exported.
Acked-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Impact: allow Xen control of bio merging
When running in Xen domain with device access, we need to make sure
the block subsystem doesn't merge requests across pages which aren't
machine physically contiguous. To do this, we define our own
BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE. When CONFIG_XEN isn't enabled, or we're not
running in a Xen domain, this has identical behaviour to the normal
implementation. When running under Xen, we also make sure the
underlying machine pages are the same or adjacent.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Greg Kroah-Hartman