In ext4_mb_release, we use s_mb_buddies_generated++. Although
the output is OK, but I don't think we need this extra ++.
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4_mb_load_buddy() calls ext4_get_group_info() for setting both
"grp" and "e4b->bd_info", but it could do "e4b->bd_info = grp".
Reported-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@whamcloud.com>
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Previously, if a stripe width was provided, then it would be used
as the preallocation granularity, with no santiy checking and no
way to override this. Now, mb_prealloc_size defaults to the smallest
multiple of stripe size that is greater than or equal to the old
default mb_prealloc_size, and this can be overridden with the sysfs
interface.
Signed-off-by: Dan Ehrenberg <dehrenberg@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
If we meet with an error in ext4_mb_add_groupinfo, we kfree
sbi->s_group_info[group >> EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(sb)], but fail to
reset it to NULL. So the caller ext4_mb_init_backend will try to kfree
it again and causes a double free. So fix it by resetting it to NULL.
Some typo in comments of mballoc.c are also changed.
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In ext4_groupinfo_create_slab, we create ext4_groupinfo_caches within
ext4_grpinfo_slab_create_mutex, but set it outside the lock, and there
does exist some case that we may create it twice and causes a memory
leak. So set it before we call mutex_unlock.
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
at ext4_trim_all_free() comment, there is no longer an @e4b parameter,
instead it is @group.
Reported-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In ext4, when FITRIM is called every time, we iterate all the
groups and do trim one by one. It is a bit time wasting if the
group has been trimmed and there is no change since the last
trim.
So this patch adds a new flag in ext4_group_info->bb_state to
indicate that the group has been trimmed, and it will be cleared
if some blocks is freed(in release_blocks_on_commit). Another
trim_minlen is added in ext4_sb_info to record the last minlen
we use to trim the volume, so that if the caller provide a small
one, we will go on the trim regardless of the bb_state.
A simple test with my intel x25m ssd:
df -h shows:
/dev/sdb1 40G 21G 17G 56% /mnt/ext4
Block size: 4096
run the FITRIM with the following parameter:
range.start = 0;
range.len = UINT64_MAX;
range.minlen = 1048576;
without the patch:
[root@boyu-tm linux-2.6]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m5.505s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.224s
[root@boyu-tm linux-2.6]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m5.359s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.178s
[root@boyu-tm linux-2.6]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m5.228s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.151s
with the patch:
[root@boyu-tm linux-2.6]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m5.625s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m1.269s
[root@boyu-tm linux-2.6]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m0.002s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.001s
[root@boyu-tm linux-2.6]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m0.002s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.001s
A big improvement for the 2nd and 3rd run.
Even after I delete some big image files, it is still much
faster than iterating the whole disk.
[root@boyu-tm test]# time ./ftrim /mnt/ext4/a
real 0m1.217s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.196s
Cc: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When we trim some free blocks in a group of ext4, we need to
calculate the free blocks properly and check whether there are
enough freed blocks left for us to trim. Current solution will
only calculate free spaces if they are large for a trim which
isn't appropriate.
Let us see a small example:
a group has 1.5M free which are 300k, 300k, 300k, 300k, 300k.
And minblocks is 1M. With current solution, we have to iterate
the whole group since these 300k will never be subtracted from
1.5M. But actually we should exit after we find the first 2
free spaces since the left 3 chunks only sum up to 900K if we
subtract the first 600K although they can't be trimed.
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In 0f0a25b, we adjust 'len' with s_first_data_block - start, but
it could underflow in case blocksize=1K, fstrim_range.len=512 and
fstrim_range.start = 0. In this case, when we run the code:
len -= first_data_blk - start; len will be underflow to -1ULL.
In the end, although we are safe that last_group check later will limit
the trim to the whole volume, but that isn't what the user really want.
So this patch fix it. It also adds the check for 'start' like ext3 so that
we can break immediately if the start is invalid.
Cc: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The current implementation of ext4_free_blocks() always calls
dquot_free_block This looks quite sensible in the most cases: blocks
to be freed are associated with inode and were accounted in quota and
i_blocks some time ago.
However, there is a case when blocks to free were not accounted by the
time calling ext4_free_blocks() yet:
1. delalloc is on, write_begin pre-allocated some space in quota
2. write-back happens, ext4 allocates some blocks in ext4_ext_map_blocks()
3. then ext4_ext_map_blocks() gets an error (e.g. ENOSPC) from
ext4_ext_insert_extent() and calls ext4_free_blocks().
In this scenario, ext4_free_blocks() calls dquot_free_block() who, in
turn, decrements i_blocks for blocks which were not accounted yet (due
to delalloc) After clean umount, e2fsck reports something like:
> Inode 21, i_blocks is 5080, should be 5128. Fix<y>?
because i_blocks was erroneously decremented as explained above.
The patch fixes the problem by passing the new flag
EXT4_FREE_BLOCKS_NO_QUOT_UPDATE to ext4_free_blocks(), to request
that the dquot_free_block() call be skipped.
Signed-off-by: Maxim Patlasov <maxim.patlasov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
While creating fixed tracepoints for ext3, basically by porting them
from ext4, I found a lot of useless retyping, wrong type usage, useless
variable passing and other inconsistencies in the ext4 fixed tracepoint
code.
This patch cleans the fixed tracepoint code for ext4 and also simplify
some of them.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
metadata is not parameter of ext4_free_blocks() any more.
Signed-off-by: Yongqiang Yang <xiaoqiangnk@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This patch adds an allocation request flag to the ext4_has_free_blocks
function which enables the use of reserved blocks. This will allow a
punch hole to proceed even if the disk is full. Punching a hole may
require additional blocks to first split the extents.
Because ext4_has_free_blocks is a low level function, the flag needs
to be passed down through several functions listed below:
ext4_ext_insert_extent
ext4_ext_create_new_leaf
ext4_ext_grow_indepth
ext4_ext_split
ext4_ext_new_meta_block
ext4_mb_new_blocks
ext4_claim_free_blocks
ext4_has_free_blocks
[ext4 punch hole patch series 1/5 v7]
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <achender@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
We should protect reading bd_info->bb_first_free with the group lock
because otherwise we might miss some free blocks. This is not a big deal
at all, but the change to do right thing is really simple, so lets do
that.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Currently we are loading buddy ext4_mb_load_buddy() for every block
group we are going through in ext4_trim_fs() in many cases just to find
out that there is not enough space to be bothered with. As Amir Goldstein
suggested we can use bb_free information directly from ext4_group_info.
This commit removes ext4_mb_load_buddy() from ext4_trim_fs() and rather
get the ext4_group_info via ext4_get_group_info() and use the bb_free
information directly from that. This avoids unnecessary call to load
buddy in the case the group does not have enough free space to trim.
Loading buddy is now moved to ext4_trim_all_free().
Tested by me with xfstests 251.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
After taking care of all group init races, all that remains is to
remove alloc_semp from ext4_allocation_context and ext4_buddy structs.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@users.sf.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
After online resize which adds new groups, some of the groups
in a buddy page may be initialized and uptodate, while other
(new ones) may be uninitialized.
The indication for init of new block groups is when ext4_mb_init_cache()
is called with an uptodate buddy page. In this case, initialized groups
on that buddy page must be skipped when initializing the buddy cache.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@users.sf.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The old routines ext4_mb_[get|put]_buddy_cache_lock(), which used
to take grp->alloc_sem for all groups on the buddy page have been
replaced with the routines ext4_mb_[get|put]_buddy_page_lock().
The new routines take both buddy and bitmap page locks to protect
against concurrent init of groups on the same buddy page.
The GROUP_NEED_INIT flag is tested again under page lock to check
if the group was initialized by another caller.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@users.sf.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The old imlementation used to take grp->alloc_sem and set the
GROUP_NEED_INIT flag, so that the buddy cache would be reloaded.
The new implementation updates the buddy cache by freeing the added
blocks and making them available for use, so there is no need to
reload the buddy cache and there is no need to take grp->alloc_sem.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@users.sf.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The block allocation code used to use jbd2_journal_get_undo_access as
a way to make changes that wouldn't show up until the commit took
place. The new multi-block allocation code has a its own way of
preventing newly freed blocks from getting reused until the commit
takes place (it avoids updating the buddy bitmaps until the commit is
done), so we don't need to use jbd2_journal_get_undo_access(), which
has extra overhead compared to jbd2_journal_get_write_access().
There was one last vestigal use of ext4_journal_get_undo_access() in
ext4_add_groupblocks(); change it to use ext4_journal_get_write_access()
and then remove the ext4_journal_get_undo_access() support.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In preparation for the next patch, the function ext4_add_groupblocks()
is moved to mballoc.c, where it could use some static functions.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@users.sf.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This is an effective revert of commit a30eec2a8: "ext4: stop issuing
discards if not supported by device". The problem is that there are
some devices that may return errors in response to a discard request
some times but not others. (One example would be a hybrid dm device
which concatenates an SSD and an HDD device).
By this logic, I also removed the error checking from ext4's FITRIM
code; so that an error from a discard will not stop the FITRIM from
trying to trim the rest of the file system.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Add missing page_cache_release in the error path of ext4_mb_load_buddy
Signed-off-by: Yang Ruirui <ruirui.r.yang@tieto.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
We can call kfree on uninitialized members of the s_group_info array
on an the error path. We can avoid this by kzalloc'ing the array.
This doesn't entirely solve the oops on mount if we fail down this
path; failed_mount4: frees the sbi, for one, which gets referenced
later in the failed mount paths - I haven't worked that out yet.
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872
Reported-by: Eugene A. Shatokhin <dame_eugene@mail.ru>
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
If CONFIG_EXT4_DEBUG is enabled, then if a block allocation fails due
to disk being full, a verbose debugging message is printed, even if
the malloc-debug switch has not been enabled. Suppress the debugging
message so that nothing is printed unless malloc-debug has been turned
on.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In ext4_mb_check_group_pa(), the current preallocation space is
replaced with a new preallocation space when the two have the same
distance from the goal block.
This doesn't actually gain us anything, so change things so that the
function only switches to the new preallocation group if its distance
from the goal block is strictly smaller than the current preallocaiton
group's distance from the goal block.
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <bosong.ly@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This patch adds comments to ext4_mb_mark_free_simple to make it more
understandable.
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <bosong.ly@taobao.com>
Cc: Alex Tomas <alex@clusterfs.com>
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@google.com>
In __mb_check_buddy(), look at the code below:
591 fstart = -1;
592 buddy = mb_find_buddy(e4b, 0, &max);
593 for (i = 0; i < max; i++) {
594 if (!mb_test_bit(i, buddy)) {
595 MB_CHECK_ASSERT(i >= e4b->bd_info->bb_first_free);
596 if (fstart == -1) {
597 fragments++;
598 fstart = i;
599 }
600 continue;
601 }
602 fstart = -1;
603 /* check used bits only */
604 for (j = 0; j < e4b->bd_blkbits + 1; j++) {
605 buddy2 = mb_find_buddy(e4b, j, &max2);
606 k = i >> j;
607 MB_CHECK_ASSERT(k < max2);
608 MB_CHECK_ASSERT(mb_test_bit(k, buddy2));
609 }
610 }
611 MB_CHECK_ASSERT(!EXT4_MB_GRP_NEED_INIT(e4b->bd_info));
612 MB_CHECK_ASSERT(e4b->bd_info->bb_fragments == fragments);
613
614 grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, e4b->bd_group);
615 buddy = mb_find_buddy(e4b, 0, &max);
On line 592, buddy is fetched by mb_find_buddy() with order 0, between
line 593 to line 615, buddy is not changed, therefore there is
no need to fetch buddy again from mb_find_buddy() with order 0 again.
We can safely remove the second mb_find_buddy() on line 615.
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <bosong.ly@taobao.com>
Cc: Alex Tomas <alex@clusterfs.com>
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@google.com>
Current code calculate max no matter whether order is zero, it's
unnecessary. This cleanup patch sets max to "1 << (e4b->bd_blkbits
+ 3)" only when order == 0.
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <bosong.ly@taobao.com>
Cc: Alex Tomas <alex@clusterfs.com>
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@google.com>
In 2.6.37 I was running into oopses with repeated module
loads & unloads. I tracked this down to:
fb1813f4 ext4: use dedicated slab caches for group_info structures
(this was in addition to the features advert unload problem)
The kstrdup & subsequent kfree of the cache name was causing
a double free. In slub, at least, if I read it right it allocates
& frees the name itself, slab seems to do something different...
so in slub I think we were leaking -our- cachep->name, and double
freeing the one allocated by slub.
After getting lost in slab/slub/slob a bit, I just looked at other
sized-caches that get allocated. jbd2, biovec, sgpool all do it
more or less the way jbd2 does. Below patch follows the jbd2
method of dynamically allocating a cache at mount time from
a list of static names.
(This might also possibly fix a race creating the caches with
parallel mounts running).
[Folded in a fix from Dan Carpenter which fixed an off-by-one error in
the original patch]
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When s_first_data_block is not zero (which happens e.g. when block size is 1KB)
and trim ioctl is called to start trimming from block 0, the math in
ext4_get_group_no_and_offset() overflows. The overall result is that ioctl
returns EINVAL which is kind of unexpected and we probably don't want
userspace tools to bother with internal details of filesystem structure.
So just silently increase starting offset (and shorten length) when starting
block is below s_first_data_block.
CC: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This function was never implemented, except for a BUG_ON which was
tripping when ext4 is run without a journal. The problem is that
although the comment asserts that "truncate (which is the only way to
free block) discards all preallocations", ext4_free_blocks() is also
called in various error recovery paths when blocks have been
allocated, but for various reasons, we were not able to use those data
blocks (for example, because we ran out of memory while trying to
manipulate the extent tree, or some other similar situation).
In addition to the fact that this function isn't implemented except
for the incorrect BUG_ON, the single caller of this function,
ext4_free_blocks(), doesn't use it all if the journal is enabled.
So remove the (stub) function entirely for now. If we decide it's
better to add it back, it's only going to be useful with a relatively
large number of code changes anyway.
Google-Bug-Id: 3236408
Cc: Jiaying Zhang <jiayingz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When ext4_trim_fs() is called to trim a part of a single group, the
logic will wrongly set last block of the interval to 'len' instead
of 'first_block + len'. Thus a shorter interval is possibly trimmed.
Fix it.
CC: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Remove the short element i_delalloc_reserved_flag from the
ext4_inode_info structure and replace it a new bit in i_state_flags.
Since we have an ext4_inode_info for every ext4 inode cached in the
inode cache, any savings we can produce here is a very good thing from
a memory utilization perspective.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4_issue_discard is supposed to be helper for calling discard, however
in case that underlying device does not support discard it prints out
the warning message and clears the DISCARD t_mount_opt flag. Since it
can be (and is) used by others, it should not do anything and let the
caller to handle the error case.
This commit removes warning message and flag setting from
ext4_issue_discard and use it just in place where it is really needed
(release_blocks_on_commit). FITRIM ioctl should not set any flags nor it
should print out warning messages, so get rid of the warning as well.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
When determining last group through ext4_get_group_no_and_offset() the
result may be wrong in cases when range->start and range-len are too
big, because it may overflow when summing up those two numbers.
Fix that by checking range->len and limit its value to
ext4_blocks_count(). This commit was tested by myself with expected
result.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Change clear_opt() and set_opt() to take a superblock pointer instead
of a pointer to EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mount_opt. This makes it easier for us
to support a second mount option field.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Commit 5c521830cf (ext4: Support discard requests when running in
no-journal mode) attempts to add sb_issue_discard() for data blocks
(in data=writeback mode) and in no-journal mode. Unfortunately, this
no longer works, because in commit dd3932eddf (block: remove
BLKDEV_IFL_WAIT), sb_issue_discard() only presents a synchronous
interface, and there are times when we call ext4_free_blocks() when we
are are holding a spinlock, or are otherwise in an atomic context.
For now, I've removed the call to sb_issue_discard() to prevent a
deadlock or (if spinlock debugging is enabled) failures like this:
BUG: scheduling while atomic: rc.sysinit/1376/0x00000002
Pid: 1376, comm: rc.sysinit Not tainted 2.6.36-ARCH #1
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff810397ce>] __schedule_bug+0x5e/0x70
[<ffffffff81403110>] schedule+0x950/0xa70
[<ffffffff81060bad>] ? insert_work+0x7d/0x90
[<ffffffff81060fbd>] ? queue_work_on+0x1d/0x30
[<ffffffff81061127>] ? queue_work+0x37/0x60
[<ffffffff8140377d>] schedule_timeout+0x21d/0x360
[<ffffffff812031c3>] ? generic_make_request+0x2c3/0x540
[<ffffffff81402680>] wait_for_common+0xc0/0x150
[<ffffffff81041490>] ? default_wake_function+0x0/0x10
[<ffffffff812034bc>] ? submit_bio+0x7c/0x100
[<ffffffff810680a0>] ? wake_bit_function+0x0/0x40
[<ffffffff814027b8>] wait_for_completion+0x18/0x20
[<ffffffff8120a969>] blkdev_issue_discard+0x1b9/0x210
[<ffffffff811ba03e>] ext4_free_blocks+0x68e/0xb60
[<ffffffff811b1650>] ? __ext4_handle_dirty_metadata+0x110/0x120
[<ffffffff811b098c>] ext4_ext_truncate+0x8cc/0xa70
[<ffffffff810d713e>] ? pagevec_lookup+0x1e/0x30
[<ffffffff81191618>] ext4_truncate+0x178/0x5d0
[<ffffffff810eacbb>] ? unmap_mapping_range+0xab/0x280
[<ffffffff810d8976>] vmtruncate+0x56/0x70
[<ffffffff811925cb>] ext4_setattr+0x14b/0x460
[<ffffffff811319e4>] notify_change+0x194/0x380
[<ffffffff81117f80>] do_truncate+0x60/0x90
[<ffffffff811e08fa>] ? security_inode_permission+0x1a/0x20
[<ffffffff811eaec1>] ? tomoyo_path_truncate+0x11/0x20
[<ffffffff81127539>] do_last+0x5d9/0x770
[<ffffffff811278bd>] do_filp_open+0x1ed/0x680
[<ffffffff8140644f>] ? page_fault+0x1f/0x30
[<ffffffff81132bfc>] ? alloc_fd+0xec/0x140
[<ffffffff81118db1>] do_sys_open+0x61/0x120
[<ffffffff81118e8b>] sys_open+0x1b/0x20
[<ffffffff81002e6b>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=22302
Reported-by: Mathias Burén <mathias.buren@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: jiayingz@google.com
These functions are only used within fs/ext4/mballoc.c, so move them
so they are used after they are defined, and then make them be static.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Walk through allocation groups and trim all free extents. It can be
invoked through FITRIM ioctl on the file system. The main idea is to
provide a way to trim the whole file system if needed, since some SSD's
may suffer from performance loss after the whole device was filled (it
does not mean that fs is full!).
It search for free extents in allocation groups specified by Byte range
start -> start+len. When the free extent is within this range, blocks
are marked as used and then trimmed. Afterwards these blocks are marked
as free in per-group bitmap.
Since fstrim is a long operation it is good to have an ability to
interrupt it by a signal. This was added by Dmitry Monakhov.
Thanks Dimitry.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Use return value from sb_issue_discard() as return value in
ext4_issue_discard(). Since sb_issue_discard() may result in more
serious errors than just -EOPNOTSUPP it is worth to inform user of this
function about them to handle error cases properly.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Fail block allocation if sb_getblk() returns NULL. In that case,
sb_find_get_block() also likely to fail so that it should skip
calling ext4_forget().
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Also remove the SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT flag from the system zone kmem
cache. This slab tends to be fairly static, so it shouldn't be marked
as likely to have free pages that can be reclaimed.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Many tracepoints were populating an ext4_allocation_context
to pass in, but this requires a slab allocation even when
tracepoints are off. In fact, 4 of 5 of these allocations
were only for tracing. In addition, we were only using a
small fraction of the 144 bytes of this structure for this
purpose.
We can do away with all these alloc/frees of the ac and
simply pass in the bits we care about, instead.
I tested this by turning on tracing and running through
xfstests on x86_64. I did not actually do anything with
the trace output, however.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
We can't hold the block group spinlock because we ext4_issue_discard()
calls wait and hence can get rescheduled.
Google-Bug-Id: 3017678
Signed-off-by: Lukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4_group_info structures are currently allocated with kmalloc().
With a typical 4K block size, these are 136 bytes each -- meaning
they'll each consume a 256-byte slab object. On a system with many
ext4 large partitions, that's a lot of wasted kernel slab space.
(E.g., a single 1TB partition will have about 8000 block groups, using
about 2MB of slab, of which nearly 1MB is wasted.)
This patch creates an array of slab pointers created as needed --
depending on the superblock block size -- and uses these slabs to
allocate the group info objects.
Google-Bug-Id: 2980809
Signed-off-by: Curt Wohlgemuth <curtw@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Instead of always assigning an increasing inode number in new_inode
move the call to assign it into those callers that actually need it.
For now callers that need it is estimated conservatively, that is
the call is added to all filesystems that do not assign an i_ino
by themselves. For a few more filesystems we can avoid assigning
any inode number given that they aren't user visible, and for others
it could be done lazily when an inode number is actually needed,
but that's left for later patches.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
All the blkdev_issue_* helpers can only sanely be used for synchronous
caller. To issue cache flushes or barriers asynchronously the caller needs
to set up a bio by itself with a completion callback to move the asynchronous
state machine ahead. So drop the BLKDEV_IFL_WAIT flag that is always
specified when calling blkdev_issue_* and also remove the now unused flags
argument to blkdev_issue_flush and blkdev_issue_zeroout. For
blkdev_issue_discard we need to keep it for the secure discard flag, which
gains a more descriptive name and loses the bitops vs flag confusion.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
We'll need to get rid of the BLKDEV_IFL_BARRIER flag, and to facilitate
that and to make the interface less confusing pass all flags explicitly.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (40 commits)
ext4: Adding error check after calling ext4_mb_regular_allocator()
ext4: Fix dirtying of journalled buffers in data=journal mode
ext4: re-inline ext4_rec_len_(to|from)_disk functions
jbd2: Remove t_handle_lock from start_this_handle()
jbd2: Change j_state_lock to be a rwlock_t
jbd2: Use atomic variables to avoid taking t_handle_lock in jbd2_journal_stop
ext4: Add mount options in superblock
ext4: force block allocation on quota_off
ext4: fix freeze deadlock under IO
ext4: drop inode from orphan list if ext4_delete_inode() fails
ext4: check to make make sure bd_dev is set before dereferencing it
jbd2: Make barrier messages less scary
ext4: don't print scary messages for allocation failures post-abort
ext4: fix EFBIG edge case when writing to large non-extent file
ext4: fix ext4_get_blocks references
ext4: Always journal quota file modifications
ext4: Fix potential memory leak in ext4_fill_super
ext4: Don't error out the fs if the user tries to make a file too big
ext4: allocate stripe-multiple IOs on stripe boundaries
ext4: move aio completion after unwritten extent conversion
...
Fix up conflicts in fs/ext4/inode.c as per Ted.
Fix up xfs conflicts as per earlier xfs merge.
If the bitmap block on disk is bad, ext4_mb_load_buddy() returns an
error. This error is returned to the caller,
ext4_mb_regular_allocator() and then to ext4_mb_new_blocks(). But
ext4_mb_new_blocks() did not check for the return value of
ext4_mb_regular_allocator() and would repeatedly try to load the
bitmap block. The fix simply catches the return value and exits out of
the 'repeat' loop after cleanup.
We also take the opportunity to clean up the error handling in
ext4_mb_new_blocks().
Google-Bug-Id: 2853530
Signed-off-by: Aditya Kali <adityakali@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
I often get emails containing the "This should not happen!!" message,
conveniently trimmed to remove things like:
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_TIMEOUT
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Write(10): 2a 00 03 13 c9 70 00 00 28 00
end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 51628400
Aborting journal on device dm-0-8.
EXT4-fs error (device dm-0): ext4_journal_start_sb: Detected aborted journal
EXT4-fs (dm-0): Remounting filesystem read-only
I don't think there is any value to the verbosity if the reason is
due to a filesystem abort; it just obfuscates the root cause.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
For some reason, today mballoc only allocates IOs which are exactly
stripe-sized on a stripe boundary. If you have a multiple (say, a
128k IO on a 64k stripe) you may end up unaligned.
It seems to me that a simple change to align stripe-multiple IOs
on stripe boundaries would be a very good idea, unless this breaks
some other mballoc heuristic for some reason...
Reported-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Issue discard request in ext4_free_blocks() when ext4 has no journal and
is mounted with discard option.
Signed-off-by: Jiaying Zhang <jiayingz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
No real bugs found, just removed some dead code.
Found by gcc 4.6's new warnings.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
We don't need to set s_dirt in most of the ext4 code when journaling
is enabled. In ext3/4 some of the summary statistics for # of free
inodes, blocks, and directories are calculated from the per-block
group statistics when the file system is mounted or unmounted. As a
result the superblock doesn't have to be updated, either via the
journal or by setting s_dirt. There are a few exceptions, most
notably when resizing the file system, where the superblock needs to
be modified --- and in that case it should be done as a journalled
operation if possible, and s_dirt set only in no-journal mode.
This patch will optimize out some unneeded disk writes when using ext4
with a journal.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
At several places we modify EXT4_I(inode)->i_flags without holding
i_mutex (ext4_do_update_inode, ...). These modifications are racy and
we can lose updates to i_flags. So convert handling of i_flags to use
bitops which are atomic.
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15792
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Fix ext4_mb_collect_stats() to use the correct test for s_bal_success; it
should be testing "best-extent.fe_len >= orig-extent.fe_len" , not
"orig-extent.fe_len >= goal-extent.fe_len" .
Signed-off-by: Curt Wohlgemuth <curtw@google.org>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This adds a new field in ext4_group_info to cache the largest available
block range in a block group; and don't load the buddy pages until *after*
we've done a sanity check on the block group.
With large allocation requests (e.g., fallocate(), 8MiB) and relatively full
partitions, it's easy to have no block groups with a block extent large
enough to satisfy the input request length. This currently causes the loop
during cr == 0 in ext4_mb_regular_allocator() to load the buddy bitmap pages
for EVERY block group. That can be a lot of pages. The patch below allows
us to call ext4_mb_good_group() BEFORE we load the buddy pages (although we
have check again after we lock the block group).
Addresses-Google-Bug: #2578108
Addresses-Google-Bug: #2704453
Signed-off-by: Curt Wohlgemuth <curtw@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Turn off issuance of discard requests if the device does
not support it - similar to the action we take for barriers.
This will save a little computation time if a non-discardable
device is mounted with -o discard, and also makes it obvious
that it's not doing what was asked at mount time ...
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This function cleans up after ext4_mb_load_buddy(), so the renaming
makes the code clearer.
Signed-off-by: Jing Zhang <zj.barak@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
ext4: Issue the discard operation *before* releasing the blocks to be reused
ext4: Fix buffer head leaks after calls to ext4_get_inode_loc()
ext4: Fix possible lost inode write in no journal mode
Otherwise, we can end up having data corruption because the blocks
could get reused and then discarded!
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15579
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs-2.6: (33 commits)
quota: stop using QUOTA_OK / NO_QUOTA
dquot: cleanup dquot initialize routine
dquot: move dquot initialization responsibility into the filesystem
dquot: cleanup dquot drop routine
dquot: move dquot drop responsibility into the filesystem
dquot: cleanup dquot transfer routine
dquot: move dquot transfer responsibility into the filesystem
dquot: cleanup inode allocation / freeing routines
dquot: cleanup space allocation / freeing routines
ext3: add writepage sanity checks
ext3: Truncate allocated blocks if direct IO write fails to update i_size
quota: Properly invalidate caches even for filesystems with blocksize < pagesize
quota: generalize quota transfer interface
quota: sb_quota state flags cleanup
jbd: Delay discarding buffers in journal_unmap_buffer
ext3: quota_write cross block boundary behaviour
quota: drop permission checks from xfs_fs_set_xstate/xfs_fs_set_xquota
quota: split out compat_sys_quotactl support from quota.c
quota: split out netlink notification support from quota.c
quota: remove invalid optimization from quota_sync_all
...
Fixed trivial conflicts in fs/namei.c and fs/ufs/inode.c
ext4 uses rb_node = NULL; to zero rb_root at few places. Using
RB_ROOT as the initializer is more portable in case the underlying
implementation of rbtrees changes in the future.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Get rid of the alloc_space, free_space, reserve_space, claim_space and
release_rsv dquot operations - they are always called from the filesystem
and if a filesystem really needs their own (which none currently does)
it can just call into it's own routine directly.
Move shared logic into the common __dquot_alloc_space,
dquot_claim_space_nodirty and __dquot_free_space low-level methods,
and rationalize the wrappers around it to move as much as possible
code into the common block for CONFIG_QUOTA vs not. Also rename
all these helpers to be named dquot_* instead of vfs_dq_*.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
More cleanup to convert open-coded calculations of the first block
number of a free extent to use ext4_grp_offs_to_block() instead.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
This is a cleanup and simplification patch which takes some open-coded
calculations to calculate the first block number of a group and
converts them to use the (already defined) ext4_group_first_block_no()
function.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
The ext4 multiblock allocator decides whether to use group or file
preallocation based on the file size. When the file size reaches
s_mb_stream_request (default is 16 blocks), it changes to use a
file-specific preallocation. This is cool, but it has a tiny problem.
See a simple script:
mkfs.ext4 -b 1024 /dev/sda8 1000000
mount -t ext4 -o nodelalloc /dev/sda8 /mnt/ext4
for((i=0;i<5;i++))
do
cat /mnt/4096>>/mnt/ext4/a #4096 is a file with 4096 characters.
cat /mnt/4096>>/mnt/ext4/b
done
debuge4fs -R 'stat a' /dev/sda8|grep BLOCKS -A 1
And you get
BLOCKS:
(0-14):8705-8719, (15):2356, (16-19):8465-8468
So there are 3 extents, a bit strange for the lonely 15th logical
block. As we write to the 16 blocks, we choose file preallocation in
ext4_mb_group_or_file, but in ext4_mb_normalize_request, we meet with
the 16*1024 range, so no preallocation will be carried. file b then
reserves the space after '2356', so when when write 16, we start from
another part.
This patch just change the check in ext4_mb_group_or_file, so
that for the lonely 15 we will still use group preallocation.
After the patch, we will get:
debuge4fs -R 'stat a' /dev/sda8|grep BLOCKS -A 1
BLOCKS:
(0-15):8705-8720, (16-19):8465-8468
Looks more sane. Thanks.
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <tao.ma@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Just a pet peeve of mine; we had a mishash of calls with either __func__
or "function_name" and the latter tends to get out of sync.
I think it's easier to just hide the __func__ in a macro, and it'll
be consistent from then on.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Some misspelled occurences of 'octet' and some comments were also fixed
as I was on it.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <daniel@caiaq.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <trivial@kernel.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (34 commits)
m68k: rename global variable vmalloc_end to m68k_vmalloc_end
percpu: add missing per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() definition for UP
percpu: Fix kdump failure if booted with percpu_alloc=page
percpu: make misc percpu symbols unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in ia64 unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in powerpc unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in x86 unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in xen unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in cpufreq unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in oprofile unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in tracer unique
percpu: make percpu symbols under kernel/ and mm/ unique
percpu: remove some sparse warnings
percpu: make alloc_percpu() handle array types
vmalloc: fix use of non-existent percpu variable in put_cpu_var()
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx in trace_functions_graph.c
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx for ftrace
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx in nmi handling
this_cpu: Use this_cpu operations in RCU
this_cpu: Use this_cpu ops for VM statistics
...
Fix up trivial (famous last words) global per-cpu naming conflicts in
arch/x86/kvm/svm.c
mm/slab.c
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (47 commits)
ext4: Fix potential fiemap deadlock (mmap_sem vs. i_data_sem)
ext4: Do not override ext2 or ext3 if built they are built as modules
jbd2: Export jbd2_log_start_commit to fix ext4 build
ext4: Fix insufficient checks in EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT
ext4: Wait for proper transaction commit on fsync
ext4: fix incorrect block reservation on quota transfer.
ext4: quota macros cleanup
ext4: ext4_get_reserved_space() must return bytes instead of blocks
ext4: remove blocks from inode prealloc list on failure
ext4: wait for log to commit when umounting
ext4: Avoid data / filesystem corruption when write fails to copy data
ext4: Use ext4 file system driver for ext2/ext3 file system mounts
ext4: Return the PTR_ERR of the correct pointer in setup_new_group_blocks()
jbd2: Add ENOMEM checking in and for jbd2_journal_write_metadata_buffer()
ext4: remove unused parameter wbc from __ext4_journalled_writepage()
ext4: remove encountered_congestion trace
ext4: move_extent_per_page() cleanup
ext4: initialize moved_len before calling ext4_move_extents()
ext4: Fix double-free of blocks with EXT4_IOC_MOVE_EXT
ext4: use ext4_data_block_valid() in ext4_free_blocks()
...
Add checks to ext4_free_branches() to make sure a block number found
in an indirect block are valid before trying to free it. If a bad
block number is found, stop freeing the indirect block immediately,
since the file system is corrupt and we will need to run fsck anyway.
This also avoids spamming the logs, and specifically avoids
driver-level "attempt to access beyond end of device" errors obscure
what is really going on.
If you get *really*, *really*, *really* unlucky, without this patch, a
supposed indirect block containing garbage might contain a reference
to a primary block group descriptor, in which case
ext4_free_branches() could end up zero'ing out a block group
descriptor block, and if then one of the block bitmaps for a block
group described by that bg descriptor block is not in memory, and is
read in by ext4_read_block_bitmap(). This function calls
ext4_valid_block_bitmap(), which assumes that bg_inode_table() was
validated at mount time and hasn't been modified since. Since this
assumption is no longer valid, it's possible for the value
(ext4_inode_table(sb, desc) - group_first_block) to go negative, which
will cause ext4_find_next_zero_bit() to trigger a kernel GPF.
Addresses-Google-Bug: #2220436
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This fixes a leak of blocks in an inode prealloc list if device failures
cause ext4_mb_mark_diskspace_used() to fail.
Signed-off-by: Curt Wohlgemuth <curtw@google.com>
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The block validity framework does a more comprehensive set of checks,
and it saves object code space to use the ext4_data_block_valid() than
the limited open-coded version that had been in ext4_free_blocks().
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Add the facility for ext4_forget() to be called from
ext4_free_blocks(). This simplifies the code in a large number of
places, and centralizes most of the work of calling ext4_forget() into
a single place.
Also fix a bug in the extents migration code; it wasn't calling
ext4_forget() when releasing the indirect blocks during the
conversion. As a result, if the system cashed during or shortly after
the extents migration, and the released indirect blocks get reused as
data blocks, the journal replay would corrupt the data blocks. With
this new patch, fixing this bug was as simple as adding the
EXT4_FREE_BLOCKS_FORGET flags to the call to ext4_free_blocks().
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
ext4_mb_free_blocks() is only called by ext4_free_blocks(), and the
latter function doesn't really do much. So merge the two functions
together, such that ext4_free_blocks() is now found in
fs/ext4/mballoc.c. This saves about 200 bytes of compiled text space.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
It is anticipated that when sb_issue_discard starts doing
real work on trim-capable devices, we may see issues. Make
this mount-time optional, and default it to off until we know
that things are working out OK.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Use this_cpu_ptr and __this_cpu_ptr in locations where straight
transformations are possible because per_cpu_ptr is used with
either smp_processor_id() or raw_smp_processor_id().
cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
The /proc/fs/ext4/<dev>/mb_history was maintained manually, and had a
number of problems: it required a largish amount of memory to be
allocated for each ext4 filesystem, and the s_mb_history_lock
introduced a CPU contention problem.
By ripping out the mb_history code and replacing it with ftrace
tracepoints, and we get more functionality: timestamps, event
filtering, the ability to correlate mballoc history with other ext4
tracepoints, etc.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
There are a number of kernel printk's which are printed when an ext4
filesystem is mounted and unmounted. Disable them to economize space
in the system logs. In addition, disabling the mballoc stats by
default saves a number of unneeded atomic operations for every block
allocation or deallocation.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The hueristic was designed to avoid using locality group preallocation
when writing the last segment of a closed file. Fix it by move
setting size to the maximum of size and isize until after we check
whether size == isize.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Today, the ext4 allocator will happily allocate blocks past
2^32 for indirect-block files, which results in the block
numbers getting truncated, and corruption ensues.
This patch limits such allocations to < 2^32, and adds
BUG_ONs if we do get blocks larger than that.
This should address RH Bug 519471, ext4 bitmap allocator
must limit blocks to < 2^32
* ext4_find_goal() is modified to choose a goal < UINT_MAX,
so that our starting point is in an acceptable range.
* ext4_xattr_block_set() is modified such that the goal block
is < UINT_MAX, as above.
* ext4_mb_regular_allocator() is modified so that the group
search does not continue into groups which are too high
* ext4_mb_use_preallocated() has a check that we don't use
preallocated space which is too far out
* ext4_alloc_blocks() and ext4_xattr_block_set() add some BUG_ONs
No attempt has been made to limit inode locations to < 2^32,
so we may wind up with blocks far from their inodes. Doing
this much already will lead to some odd ENOSPC issues when the
"lower 32" gets full, and further restricting inodes could
make that even weirder.
For high inodes, choosing a goal of the original, % UINT_MAX,
may be a bit odd, but then we're in an odd situation anyway,
and I don't know of a better heuristic.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
We don't need to take the alloc_sem lock when we are adding new
groups, since mballoc won't see the new group added until we bump
sbi->s_groups_count.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
We should check for need init flag with the group's alloc_sem held, to
make sure while we are loading the buddy cache and holding a reference
to it, a file system resize can't add new blocks to same group.
The patch also drops the need init flag check in
ext4_mb_regular_allocator() because doing the check without holding
alloc_sem is racy.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This moves the function around so that it can be called from
ext4_mb_load_buddy().
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
unsigned short is potentially too small to track blocks within
a group; today it is safe due to restrictions in e2fsprogs but
we have _lo / _hi bits for group blocks with the intent to go
up to 32 bits, so clean this up now.
There are many more places where we use unsigned/int/unsigned int
to contain a group block but this should at least fix all the
short types.
I added a few comments to the struct ext4_group_info definition
as well.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Precursor to changing some types; to keep things in sync, it
seems better to allocate/memset based on the size of the
variables we are using rather than on some disconnected
basic type like "unsigned short"
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
While reading through some of the mballoc code it seems that a couple
spots in the size normalization function could be streamlined.
The test for non-overlapping PAs can be or'd for the start & end
conditions, and the tests for adjacent PAs can be else-if'd -
it's essentially independently testing:
if (A + B <= C)
...
if (A > C)
...
These cannot both be true so it seems like the else-if might
be slightly more efficient and/or informative.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4_mb_update_group_info is only called in one place, and it's
extremely simple. There's no reason to have it in a separate function
in a separate file as far as I can tell, it just obfuscates what's
really going on.
Perhaps it was intended to keep the grp->bb_* manipulation local to
mballoc.c but we're already accessing other grp-> fields in balloc.c
directly so this seems ok.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Currently the group preallocation code tries to find a large (512)
free block from which to do per-cpu group allocation for small files.
The problem with this scheme is that it leaves the filesystem horribly
fragmented. In the worst case, if the filesystem is unmounted and
remounted (after a system shutdown, for example) we forget the fact
that wee were using a particular (now-partially filled) 512 block
extent. So the next time we try to allocate space for a small file,
we will find *another* completely free 512 block chunk to allocate
small files. Given that there are 32,768 blocks in a block group,
after 64 iterations of "mount, write one 4k file in a directory,
unmount", the block group will have 64 files, each separated by 511
blocks, and the block group will no longer have any free 512
completely free chunks of blocks for group preallocation space.
So if we try to allocate blocks for a file that has been closed, such
that we know the final size of the file, and the filesystem is not
busy, avoid using group preallocation.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The logic around sbi->s_mb_last_group and sbi->s_mb_last_start was all
screwed up. These fields were getting unconditionally all the time,
set even when stream allocation had not taken place, and if they were
being used when the file was smaller than s_mb_stream_request, which
is when the allocation should _not_ be doing stream allocation.
Fix this by determining whether or not we stream allocation should
take place once, in ext4_mb_group_or_file(), and setting a flag which
gets used in ext4_mb_regular_allocator() and ext4_mb_use_best_found().
This simplifies the code and assures that we are consistently using
(or not using) the stream allocation logic.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When MB_DEBUG is enabled, we get some compile warnings because
ext4_group_t is unsigned int. This patch fixes them.
Signed-off-by Akira Fujita <a-fujita@rs.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The allocation of the ext4_group_info array was moved to a new
function ext4_mb_add_group_info() in commit 5f21b0e6 so that online
resize would use a common (and correct) codepath. Unfortunately, the
call to the new ext4_mb_add_group_info() function was added without
removing the code which originally allocated the array. This caused a
memory leak each time an ext4 filesystem was mounted.
The fix is simple; remove the code that did the original allocation,
since it is no longer needed.
Reported-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Tested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Pavel Roskin pointed out that kmemcheck indicated that
ext4_mb_store_history() was accessing uninitialized values of
ac->ac_tail and ac->ac_buddy leading to garbage in the mballoc
history. Fix this by initializing the entire structure to all zeros
first.
Also, two fields were getting doubly initialized by the caller of
ext4_mb_initialize_context, so remove them for efficiency's sake.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The ext4 module uses rcu_call() thus it should use rcu_barrier()on
module unload.
The kmem cache ext4_pspace_cachep is sometimes free'ed using
call_rcu() callbacks. Thus, we must wait for completion of call_rcu()
before doing kmem_cache_destroy().
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk@comx.dk>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Ted noticed a stack-deep callchain through
writepages->ext4_mb_regular_allocator->ext4_mb_init_cache->submit_bh ...
With all the static functions in mballoc.c, gcc helpfully
inlines for us, and we get something like this:
ext4_mb_regular_allocator (232 bytes stack)
ext4_mb_init_cache (232 bytes stack)
submit_bh (starts 464 deeper)
the 2 ext4 functions here get several others inlined; by telling
gcc not to inline them, we can save stack space for when we
head off into submit_bh land and associated block layer callchains.
The following noinlined functions are only called once, so this
won't impact any other callchains:
ext4_mb_regular_allocator (104) (was 232)
ext4_mb_find_by_goal (56) (noinlined)
ext4_mb_init_group (24) (noinlined)
ext4_mb_init_cache (136) (was 232)
ext4_mb_generate_buddy (88) (noinlined)
ext4_mb_generate_from_pa (40) (noinlined)
submit_bh
ext4_mb_simple_scan_group (24) (noinlined)
ext4_mb_scan_aligned (56) (noinlined)
ext4_mb_complex_scan_group (40) (noinlined)
ext4_mb_try_best_found (24) (noinlined)
now when we head off into submit_bh() we're only 264 bytes deeper
in stack than when we entered ext4_mb_regular_allocator()
(vs. 464 bytes before). Every 200 bytes helps. :)
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The function ext4_mb_free_blocks() was using an "unsigned long" to
pass a block number; this will cause 64-bit block numbers to get
truncated on x86 and other 32-bit platforms.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
To catch filesystem bugs or corruption which could lead to the
filesystem getting severly damaged, this patch adds a facility for
tracking all of the filesystem metadata blocks by contiguous regions
in a red-black tree. This allows quick searching of the tree to
locate extents which might overlap with filesystem metadata blocks.
This facility is also used by the multi-block allocator to assure that
it is not allocating blocks out of the system zone, as well as by the
routines used when reading indirect blocks and extents information
from disk to make sure their contents are valid.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
On UP systems without DEBUG_SPINLOCK, ext4_is_group_locked always fails
which triggers a BUG_ON() call.
This patch fixes it by using assert_spin_locked instead.
Signed-off-by: Vincent Minet <vincent@vincent-minet.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
We have sb_bgl_lock() and ext4_group_info.bb_state
bit spinlock to protech group information. The later is only
used within mballoc code. Consolidate them to use sb_bgl_lock().
This makes the mballoc.c code much simpler and also avoid
confusion with two locks protecting same info.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In memory-constrained systems with many partitions, the ~68K for each
partition for the mb_history buffer can be excessive.
This patch adds a new mount option, mb_history_length, as well as a
way of setting the default via a module parameter (or via a sysfs
parameter in /sys/module/ext4/parameter/default_mb_history_length).
If the mb_history_length is set to zero, the mb_history facility is
disabled entirely.
Signed-off-by: Curt Wohlgemuth <curtw@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
By avoiding the use of not-yet-used block groups (i.e., block groups
with the BLOCK_UNINIT flag), mballoc had a tendency to create large
files with large non-contiguous gaps. In addition avoiding the use of
new block groups had a tendency to push regular file data into the
first block group in a flex_bg group, which slows down the speed of
e2fsck pass 2, since it has a tendency to seek much more. For
example:
Before Patch After Patch
Time in seconds Time in seconds
Real / User/ Sys MB/s Real / User/ Sys MB/s
Pass 1 8.52 / 2.21 / 0.46 20.43 8.84 / 4.97 / 1.11 19.68
Pass 2 21.16 / 1.02 / 1.86 11.30 6.54 / 1.77 / 1.78 36.39
Pass 3 0.01 / 0.00 / 0.00 139.00 0.01 / 0.01 / 0.00 128.90
Pass 4 0.16 / 0.15 / 0.00 0.00 0.17 / 0.17 / 0.00 0.00
Pass 5 2.52 / 1.99 / 0.09 0.79 2.31 / 1.78 / 0.06 0.86
Total 32.40 / 5.11 / 2.49 12.81 17.99 / 8.75 / 2.98 23.01
This was on a sample 80 gig root filesystem which was approximately
50% full. Note the improved e2fsck pass 2 performance, by over a
factor of 3, due to a decreased number of seeks. (The total amount of
I/O in pass 2 was unchanged; the layout of the directory blocks was
simply much better from e2fsck's's perspective.)
Other changes as a result of this patch on this sample filesystem:
Before Patch After Patch
# of non-contig files 762 779
# of non-contig directories 571 570
# of BLOCK_UNINIT bg's 307 293
# of INODE_UNINIT bg's 503 503
Out of 640 block groups, of which 333 were in use, this patch caused
an extra 14 block groups to be utilized. The number of non-contiguous
files did go up slightly, but when measured against the 99.9% of the
files (603,154) which were contiguously allocated, this is pretty
insignificant.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
Ext4's on-line resizing adds a new block group and then, only at the
last step adjusts s_groups_count. However, it's possible on SMP
systems that another CPU could see the updated the s_group_count and
not see the newly initialized data structures for the just-added block
group. For this reason, it's important to insert a SMP read barrier
after reading s_groups_count and before reading any (for example) the
new block group descriptors allowed by the increased value of
s_groups_count.
Unfortunately, we rather blatently violate this locking protocol
documented in fs/ext4/resize.c. Fortunately, (1) on-line resizes
happen relatively rarely, and (2) it seems rare that the filesystem
code will immediately try to use just-added block group before any
memory ordering issues resolve themselves. So apparently problems
here are relatively hard to hit, since ext3 has been vulnerable to the
same issue for years with no one apparently complaining.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Impact: code cleanup
This patch rename pa_linear to pa_type and add MB_INODE_PA
and MB_GROUP_PA to indicate inode and group prealloc space.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Reduce pressure on the sb_bgl_lock family of locks by using atomic_t's
to track the number of free blocks and inodes in each flex_group.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Remove tuning knobs in /proc/fs/ext4/<dev/* since they have been
replaced by knobs in sysfs at /sys/fs/ext4/<dev>/*.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The find_group_flex() inode allocator is now only used if the
filesystem is mounted using the "oldalloc" mount option. It is
replaced with the original Orlov allocator that has been updated for
flex_bg filesystems (it should behave the same way if flex_bg is
disabled). The inode allocator now functions by taking into account
each flex_bg group, instead of each block group, when deciding whether
or not it's time to allocate a new directory into a fresh flex_bg.
The block allocator has also been changed so that the first block
group in each flex_bg is preferred for use for storing directory
blocks. This keeps directory blocks close together, which is good for
speeding up e2fsck since large directories are more likely to look
like this:
debugfs: stat /home/tytso/Maildir/cur
Inode: 1844562 Type: directory Mode: 0700 Flags: 0x81000
Generation: 1132745781 Version: 0x00000000:0000ad71
User: 15806 Group: 15806 Size: 1060864
File ACL: 0 Directory ACL: 0
Links: 2 Blockcount: 2072
Fragment: Address: 0 Number: 0 Size: 0
ctime: 0x499c0ff4:164961f4 -- Wed Feb 18 08:41:08 2009
atime: 0x499c0ff4:00000000 -- Wed Feb 18 08:41:08 2009
mtime: 0x49957f51:00000000 -- Fri Feb 13 09:10:25 2009
crtime: 0x499c0f57:00d51440 -- Wed Feb 18 08:38:31 2009
Size of extra inode fields: 28
BLOCKS:
(0):7348651, (1-258):7348654-7348911
TOTAL: 259
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Use lowercase names of quota functions instead of old uppercase ones.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
CC: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org
Uses quota reservation/claim/release to handle quota properly for delayed
allocation in the three steps: 1) quotas are reserved when data being copied
to cache when block allocation is defered 2) when new blocks are allocated.
reserved quotas are converted to the real allocated quota, 2) over-booked
quotas for metadata blocks are released back.
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
This is for Red Hat bug 490026: EXT4 panic, list corruption in
ext4_mb_new_inode_pa
ext4_lock_group(sb, group) is supposed to protect this list for
each group, and a common code flow to remove an album is like
this:
ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, pa->pa_pstart, &grp, NULL);
ext4_lock_group(sb, grp);
list_del(&pa->pa_group_list);
ext4_unlock_group(sb, grp);
so it's critical that we get the right group number back for
this prealloc context, to lock the right group (the one
associated with this pa) and prevent concurrent list manipulation.
however, ext4_mb_put_pa() passes in (pa->pa_pstart - 1) with a
comment, "-1 is to protect from crossing allocation group".
This makes sense for the group_pa, where pa_pstart is advanced
by the length which has been used (in ext4_mb_release_context()),
and when the entire length has been used, pa_pstart has been
advanced to the first block of the next group.
However, for inode_pa, pa_pstart is never advanced; it's just
set once to the first block in the group and not moved after
that. So in this case, if we subtract one in ext4_mb_put_pa(),
we are actually locking the *previous* group, and opening the
race with the other threads which do not subtract off the extra
block.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Thiemo Nagel reported that:
# dd if=/dev/zero of=image.ext4 bs=1M count=2
# mkfs.ext4 -v -F -b 1024 -m 0 -g 512 -G 4 -I 128 -N 1 \
-O large_file,dir_index,flex_bg,extent,sparse_super image.ext4
# mount -o loop image.ext4 mnt/
# dd if=/dev/zero of=mnt/file
oopsed, with a BUG_ON in ext4_mb_normalize_request because
size == EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP
It appears to me (esp. after talking to Andreas) that the BUG_ON
is bogus; a request of exactly EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP should
be allowed, though larger sizes do indicate a problem.
Fix that an another (apparently rare) codepath with a similar check.
Reported-by: Thiemo Nagel <thiemo.nagel@ph.tum.de>
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When creating a new ext4_prealloc_space structure, we have to
initialize its list_head pointers before we add them to any prealloc
lists. Otherwise, with list debug enabled, we will get list
corruption warnings.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When bg_free_blocks_count was renamed to bg_free_blocks_count_lo in
560671a0, its uses under EXT4FS_DEBUG were not changed to the helper
ext4_free_blks_count.
Another commit, 498e5f24, also did not change everything needed under
EXT4FS_DEBUG, thus making it spill some warnings related to printing
format.
This commit fixes both issues and makes ext4 build again when
EXT4FS_DEBUG is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo <cascardo@holoscopio.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
With nodelalloc option we need to update the dirty block counter on
block allocation failure. This is needed because we increment the
dirty block counter early in the block allocation phase. Without
the patch s_dirty_blocks_counter goes wrong so that filesystem's
free blocks decreases incorrectly.
Tested-by: Akira Fujita <a-fujita@rs.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
We need to init the complete page during buddy cache init
by setting the contents to '1'. Otherwise we can see the
following errors after doing an online resize of the
filesystem:
EXT4-fs error (device sdb1): ext4_mb_mark_diskspace_used:
Allocating block 1040385 in system zone of 127 group
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
After we mark the blocks in the buddy cache as allocated,
we need to ensure that we don't reinit the buddy cache until
the block bitmap is updated. This commit achieves this by holding
the group_info alloc_semaphore till ext4_mb_release_context
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
We need to mark the block/inode bitmap beyond the end of the group
with '1'.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
For uninit block group, the on-disk bitmap is not initialized. That
implies we cannot depend on the uptodate flag on the bitmap
buffer_head to find bitmap validity. Use a new buffer_head flag which
would be set after we properly initialize the bitmap. This also
prevents (re-)initializing the uninit group bitmap every time we call
ext4_read_block_bitmap().
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Rename some variables. We also unlock locks in the reverse order we
acquired as a part of cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Rename the lower bits with suffix _lo and add helper
to access the values. Also rename bg_itable_unused_hi
to bg_pad as in e2fsprogs.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
We need to make sure we update the block bitmap and clear
EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT flag with sb_bgl_lock held, since
ext4_read_block_bitmap() looks at EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT to decide
whether to initialize the block bitmap each time it is called
(introduced by commit c806e68f), and this can race with block
allocations in ext4_mb_mark_diskspace_used().
ext4_read_block_bitmap does:
spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(EXT4_SB(sb), block_group));
if (desc->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
ext4_init_block_bitmap(sb, bh, block_group, desc);
Now on the block allocation side we do
mb_set_bits(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, ac->ac_b_ex.fe_group), bitmap_bh->b_data,
ac->ac_b_ex.fe_start, ac->ac_b_ex.fe_len);
....
spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, ac->ac_b_ex.fe_group));
if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
gdp->bg_flags &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT);
ie on allocation we update the bitmap then we take the sb_bgl_lock
and clear the EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT flag. What can happen is a
parallel ext4_read_block_bitmap can zero out the bitmap in between
the above mb_set_bits and spin_lock(sb_bg_lock..)
The race results in below user visible errors
EXT4-fs error (device sdb1): ext4_mb_release_inode_pa: free 100, pa_free 105
EXT4-fs error (device sdb1): mb_free_blocks: double-free of inode 0's block ..
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
The mballoc code likes to call ext4_error while it is holding locked
block groups. This can causes a scheduling in atomic context BUG. We
can't just unlock the block group and relock it after/if ext4_error
returns since that might result in race conditions in the case where
the filesystem is set to continue after finding errors.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
In ext4_mb_init_group(), if the filesystem block size is less than
PAGE_SIZE/2, the code tries to grab alloc_sem for multiple block
groups in a loop. We need to allow for this by using
down_write_nested() and passing in the loop index as a lock subclass
number. This works because no other code path needs to take multiple
alloc_sem's. Note that lockdep will fail for filesystem blocksize
smaller than to PAGE_SIZE/16k. (e.g., a 1k filesystem blocksize with
a 32k page size, or a 2k filesystem blocksize with a 64k blocksize,
etc.)
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
When we generate buddy cache (especially during resize) we need to
make sure we don't use the blocks freed but not yet comitted. This
makes sure we have the right value of free blocks count in the group
info and also in the bitmap. This also ensures the ordered mode
consistency
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Move some of the forward declaration of the static functions
to mballoc.c where they are used. This enables us to include
mballoc.h in other .c files. Also correct the buddy cache
documentation.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The new groups added during resize are flagged as
need_init group. Make sure we properly initialize these
groups. When we have block size < page size and we are adding
new groups the page may still be marked uptodate even though
we haven't initialized the group. While forcing the init
of buddy cache we need to make sure other groups part of the
same page of buddy cache is not using the cache.
group_info->alloc_sem is added to ensure the same.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
cc: stable@kernel.org
* Change EXT4_HAS_*_FEATURE to return a boolean
* Add a function prototype for ext4_fiemap() in ext4.h
* Make ext4_ext_fiemap_cb() and ext4_xattr_fiemap() be static functions
* Add lock annotations to mb_free_blocks()
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Convert the unsigned longs that are most responsible for bloating the
stack usage on 64-bit systems.
Nearly all places in the ext3/4 code which uses "unsigned long" is
probably a bug, since on 32-bit systems a ulong a 32-bits, which means
we are wasting stack space on 64-bit systems.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Nearly all places in the ext3/4 code which uses "unsigned long" is
probably a bug, since on 32-bit systems a ulong a 32-bits, which means
we are wasting stack space on 64-bit systems.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
We can call ext4_mb_check_limits even after successfully allocating
the requested blocks. In that case, make sure we don't overwrite
ac_status if it already has the status AC_STATUS_FOUND. This fixes
the lockdep warning:
=============================================
[ INFO: possible recursive locking detected ]
2.6.28-rc6-autokern1 #1
---------------------------------------------
fsstress/11948 is trying to acquire lock:
(&meta_group_info[i]->alloc_sem){----}, at: [<c04d9a49>] ext4_mb_load_buddy+0x9f/0x278
.....
stack backtrace:
.....
[<c04db974>] ext4_mb_regular_allocator+0xbb5/0xd44
.....
but task is already holding lock:
(&meta_group_info[i]->alloc_sem){----}, at: [<c04d9a49>] ext4_mb_load_buddy+0x9f/0x278
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
This removes annoying blank syslog entries emitted by ext4_error() or
ext4_warning(), since these functions add their own newline.
Signed-off-by: Nick Warne <nick@ukfsn.org>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
A few weeks ago I posted a patch for discussion that allowed ext4 to run
without a journal. Since that time I've integrated the excellent
comments from Andreas and fixed several serious bugs. We're currently
running with this patch and generating some performance numbers against
both ext2 (with backported reservations code) and ext4 with and without
a journal. It just so happens that running without a journal is
slightly faster for most everything.
We did
iozone -T -t 4 s 2g -r 256k -T -I -i0 -i1 -i2
which creates 4 threads, each of which create and do reads and writes on
a 2G file, with a buffer size of 256K, using O_DIRECT for all file opens
to bypass the page cache. Results:
ext2 ext4, default ext4, no journal
initial writes 13.0 MB/s 15.4 MB/s 15.7 MB/s
rewrites 13.1 MB/s 15.6 MB/s 15.9 MB/s
reads 15.2 MB/s 16.9 MB/s 17.2 MB/s
re-reads 15.3 MB/s 16.9 MB/s 17.2 MB/s
random readers 5.6 MB/s 5.6 MB/s 5.7 MB/s
random writers 5.1 MB/s 5.3 MB/s 5.4 MB/s
So it seems that, so far, this was a useful exercise.
Signed-off-by: Frank Mayhar <fmayhar@google.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
I chased the cause of following ext4 oops report which is tested on
ia64 box.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12018
The cause is the size of s_mb_maxs array that is defined as "unsigned
short" in ext4_sb_info structure. If the file system's block size is
8k or greater, an unsigned short is not wide enough to contain the
value fs->blocksize << 3.
Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
If we try to free a block which is already freed, the code was
returning without first unlocking the group.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The multiblock allocator needs to be able to release blocks (and issue
a blkdev discard request) when the transaction which freed those
blocks is committed. Previously this was done via a polling mechanism
when blocks are allocated or freed. A much better way of doing things
is to create a jbd2 callback function and attaching the list of blocks
to be freed directly to the transaction structure.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Let the block device know when unused blocks can be discarded, using
the new sb_issue_discard() interface.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
With this patch we track the block freed during a transaction using
red-black tree. We also make sure contiguous blocks freed are collected
in one node in the tree.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
We should use kmem_cache_free to free memory allocated
via kmem_cache_alloc
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
This fixes a bug which caused on-line resizing of filesystems with a
1k blocksize to fail. The root cause of this bug was the fact that if
an uninitalized bitmap block gets read in by userspace (which
e2fsprogs does try to avoid, but can happen when the blocksize is less
than the pagesize and an adjacent blocks is read into memory)
ext4_read_block_bitmap() was erroneously depending on the buffer
uptodate flag to decide whether it needed to initialize the bitmap
block in memory --- i.e., to set the standard set of blocks in use by
a block group (superblock, bitmaps, inode table, etc.). Essentially,
ext4_read_block_bitmap() assumed it was the only routine that might
try to read a block containing a block bitmap, which is simply not
true.
To fix this, ext4_read_block_bitmap() and ext4_read_inode_bitmap()
must always initialize uninitialized bitmap blocks. Once a block or
inode is allocated out of that bitmap, it will be marked as
initialized in the block group descriptor, so in general this won't
result any extra unnecessary work.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Bohe <frederic.bohe@bull.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Previously mballoc created a separate set of functions for each proc
file. This combines the tunables into a single set of functions which
gets used for all of the per-superblock proc files, saving
approximately 2k of compiled object code.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
...and into the core setup/teardown code in fs/ext4/super.c so that
other parts of ext4 can define tuning parameters.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
lg_prealloc_list seems to cry out for a per-cpu data structure; on a large
smp system I think this should be better. I've lightly tested this change
on a 4-cpu system.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4 creates per-suberblock directory in /proc/ext4/ . Name used as
basis is taken from bdevname, which, surprise, can contain slash.
However, proc while allowing to use proc_create("a/b", parent) form of
PDE creation, assumes that parent/a was already created.
bdevname in question is 'cciss/c0d0p9', directory is not created and all
this stuff goes directly into /proc (which is real bug).
Warning comes when _second_ partition is mounted.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11321
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This patch adds dirty block accounting using percpu_counters. Delayed
allocation block reservation is now done by updating dirty block
counter. In a later patch we switch to non delalloc mode if the
filesystem free blocks is greater than 150% of total filesystem dirty
blocks
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao<cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
During block reservation if we don't have enough blocks left, retry
block reservation with smaller block counts. This makes sure we try
fallocate and DIO with smaller request size and don't fail early. The
delayed allocation reservation cannot try with smaller block count. So
retry block reservation to handle temporary disk full conditions. Also
print free blocks details if we fail block allocation during writepages.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
With delayed allocation we need to make sure block are reserved before
we attempt to allocate them. Otherwise we get block allocation failure
(ENOSPC) during writepages which cannot be handled. This would mean
silent data loss (We do a printk stating data will be lost). This patch
updates the DIO and fallocate code path to do block reservation before
block allocation. This is needed to make sure parallel DIO and fallocate
request doesn't take block out of delayed reserve space.
When free blocks count go below a threshold we switch to a slow patch
which looks at other CPU's accumulated percpu counter values.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
For small file block allocations, mballoc uses per cpu prealloc
space. Use goal block when searching for the right prealloc
space. Also make sure ext4_da_writepages tries to write
all the pages for small files in single attempt
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Currently, the locality group prealloc list is freed only when there
is a block allocation failure. This can result in large number of
entries in the preallocation list making ext4_mb_use_preallocated()
expensive.
To fix this, we convert the locality group prealloc list to a hash
list. The hash index is the order of number of blocks in the prealloc
space with a max order of 9. When adding prealloc space to the list we
make sure total entries for each order does not exceed 8. If it is
more than 8 we discard few entries and make sure the we have only <= 5
entries.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
NR_CPUS can be really large. We should be using nr_cpu_ids instead.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Don't call BUG_ON on file system failures. Instead use ext4_error and
also handle the continue case properly.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
I noticed when filling a 1T filesystem with 4 threads using the
fs_mark benchmark:
fs_mark -d /mnt/test -D 256 -n 100000 -t 4 -s 20480 -F -S 0
that I occasionally got checksum mismatch errors:
EXT4-fs error (device sdb): ext4_init_inode_bitmap: Checksum bad for group 6935
etc. I'd reliably get 4-5 of them during the run.
It appears that the problem is likely a race to init the bg's
when the uninit_bg feature is enabled.
With the patch below, which adds sb_bgl_locking around initialization,
I was able to complete several runs with no errors or warnings.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
This patch does block reservation for delayed
allocation, to avoid ENOSPC later at page flush time.
Blocks(data and metadata) are reserved at da_write_begin()
time, the freeblocks counter is updated by then, and the number of
reserved blocks is store in per inode counter.
At the writepage time, the unused reserved meta blocks are returned
back. At unlink/truncate time, reserved blocks are properly released.
Updated fix from Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
to fix the oldallocator block reservation accounting with delalloc, added
lock to guard the counters and also fix the reservation for meta blocks.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Update group infos when updating a group's descriptor.
Add group infos when adding a group's descriptor.
Refresh cache pages used by mb_alloc when changes occur.
This will probably need modifications when META_BG resizing will be allowed.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Bohe <frederic.bohe@bull.net>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
mballoc allocation missed check for blocks reserved for root users. Add
ext4_has_free_blocks() check before allocation. Also modified
ext4_has_free_blocks() to support multiple block allocation request.
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Move the code related to block allocation to a single function and add helper
funtions to differient allocation for data and meta data blocks
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Quota allocation is not removed when ext4_mb_new_blocks calls
kmem_cache_alloc failed. Also make sure the allocation context is freed
on the error path.
Signed-off-by: Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This patch mostly controls the way inode are allocated in order to
make ialloc aware of flex_bg block group grouping. It achieves this
by bypassing the Orlov allocator when block group meta-data are packed
toghether through mke2fs. Since the impact on the block allocator is
minimal, this patch should have little or no effect on other block
allocation algorithms. By controlling the inode allocation, it can
basically control where the initial search for new block begins and
thus indirectly manipulate the block allocator.
This allocator favors data and meta-data locality so the disk will
gradually be filled from block group zero upward. This helps improve
performance by reducing seek time. Since the group of inode tables
within one flex_bg are treated as one giant inode table, uninitialized
block groups would not need to partially initialize as many inode
table as with Orlov which would help fsck time as the filesystem usage
goes up.
Signed-off-by: Jose R. Santos <jrs@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Valerie Clement <valerie.clement@bull.net>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
The error processing of the return value of mb_free_blocks is meanless
because it only returns 0. This fix includes
- make mb_free_blocks return void
- remove the error processing part in callers
- unlock group before calling ext4_error in mb_free_blocks
Signed-off-by: Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
When the directory fs/ext4 is not correctly created under proc, the entry
under this directory should not be created.
Signed-off-by: Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Since this a non-static function, make it be ext4 specific to avoid
conflicts with potentially other filesystems.
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4_mb_seq_history_open(): check if sbi->s_mb_history is NULL
ext4_mb_history_init(): replace kmalloc and memset with kzalloc
ext4_mb_init_backend(): remove memset since kzalloc is used
ext4_mb_init(): the return value of ext4_mb_init_backend is int,
but i is unsigned, replace it with a new int variable.
Signed-off-by: Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
ext4_mb_init_cache() incorrectly always return EIO on success. This
causes the caller of ext4_mb_init_cache() fail when it checks the return
value.
Signed-off-by: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Tao Ma