Updated iostats docs
Previous docs mentioned 11 unsigned long fields, when the reality is that we have 15 fields with a mix of unsigned long and unsigned int. Signed-off-by: Albert Vaca Cintora <albertvaka@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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@ -46,78 +46,79 @@ each snapshot of your disk statistics.
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In 2.4, the statistics fields are those after the device name. In
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the above example, the first field of statistics would be 446216.
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By contrast, in 2.6+ if you look at ``/sys/block/hda/stat``, you'll
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find just the eleven fields, beginning with 446216. If you look at
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``/proc/diskstats``, the eleven fields will be preceded by the major and
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find just the 15 fields, beginning with 446216. If you look at
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``/proc/diskstats``, the 15 fields will be preceded by the major and
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minor device numbers, and device name. Each of these formats provides
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eleven fields of statistics, each meaning exactly the same things.
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15 fields of statistics, each meaning exactly the same things.
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All fields except field 9 are cumulative since boot. Field 9 should
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go to zero as I/Os complete; all others only increase (unless they
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overflow and wrap). Yes, these are (32-bit or 64-bit) unsigned long
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(native word size) numbers, and on a very busy or long-lived system they
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may wrap. Applications should be prepared to deal with that; unless
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your observations are measured in large numbers of minutes or hours,
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they should not wrap twice before you notice them.
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overflow and wrap). Wrapping might eventually occur on a very busy
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or long-lived system; so applications should be prepared to deal with
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it. Regarding wrapping, the types of the fields are either unsigned
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int (32 bit) or unsigned long (32-bit or 64-bit, depending on your
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machine) as noted per-field below. Unless your observations are very
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spread in time, these fields should not wrap twice before you notice it.
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Each set of stats only applies to the indicated device; if you want
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system-wide stats you'll have to find all the devices and sum them all up.
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Field 1 -- # of reads completed
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Field 1 -- # of reads completed (unsigned long)
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This is the total number of reads completed successfully.
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Field 2 -- # of reads merged, field 6 -- # of writes merged
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Field 2 -- # of reads merged, field 6 -- # of writes merged (unsigned long)
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Reads and writes which are adjacent to each other may be merged for
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efficiency. Thus two 4K reads may become one 8K read before it is
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ultimately handed to the disk, and so it will be counted (and queued)
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as only one I/O. This field lets you know how often this was done.
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Field 3 -- # of sectors read
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Field 3 -- # of sectors read (unsigned long)
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This is the total number of sectors read successfully.
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Field 4 -- # of milliseconds spent reading
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Field 4 -- # of milliseconds spent reading (unsigned int)
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This is the total number of milliseconds spent by all reads (as
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measured from __make_request() to end_that_request_last()).
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Field 5 -- # of writes completed
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Field 5 -- # of writes completed (unsigned long)
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This is the total number of writes completed successfully.
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Field 6 -- # of writes merged
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Field 6 -- # of writes merged (unsigned long)
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See the description of field 2.
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Field 7 -- # of sectors written
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Field 7 -- # of sectors written (unsigned long)
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This is the total number of sectors written successfully.
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Field 8 -- # of milliseconds spent writing
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Field 8 -- # of milliseconds spent writing (unsigned int)
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This is the total number of milliseconds spent by all writes (as
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measured from __make_request() to end_that_request_last()).
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Field 9 -- # of I/Os currently in progress
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Field 9 -- # of I/Os currently in progress (unsigned int)
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The only field that should go to zero. Incremented as requests are
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given to appropriate struct request_queue and decremented as they finish.
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Field 10 -- # of milliseconds spent doing I/Os
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Field 10 -- # of milliseconds spent doing I/Os (unsigned int)
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This field increases so long as field 9 is nonzero.
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Since 5.0 this field counts jiffies when at least one request was
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started or completed. If request runs more than 2 jiffies then some
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I/O time will not be accounted unless there are other requests.
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Field 11 -- weighted # of milliseconds spent doing I/Os
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Field 11 -- weighted # of milliseconds spent doing I/Os (unsigned int)
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This field is incremented at each I/O start, I/O completion, I/O
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merge, or read of these stats by the number of I/Os in progress
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(field 9) times the number of milliseconds spent doing I/O since the
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last update of this field. This can provide an easy measure of both
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I/O completion time and the backlog that may be accumulating.
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Field 12 -- # of discards completed
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Field 12 -- # of discards completed (unsigned long)
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This is the total number of discards completed successfully.
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Field 13 -- # of discards merged
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Field 13 -- # of discards merged (unsigned long)
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See the description of field 2
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Field 14 -- # of sectors discarded
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Field 14 -- # of sectors discarded (unsigned long)
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This is the total number of sectors discarded successfully.
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Field 15 -- # of milliseconds spent discarding
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Field 15 -- # of milliseconds spent discarding (unsigned int)
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This is the total number of milliseconds spent by all discards (as
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measured from __make_request() to end_that_request_last()).
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