diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/elf.c b/arch/arm/kernel/elf.c
index 182422981386..254ab7138c85 100644
--- a/arch/arm/kernel/elf.c
+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/elf.c
@@ -78,13 +78,32 @@ void elf_set_personality(const struct elf32_hdr *x)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elf_set_personality);
 
 /*
- * Set READ_IMPLIES_EXEC if:
- *  - the binary requires an executable stack
- *  - we're running on a CPU which doesn't support NX.
+ * An executable for which elf_read_implies_exec() returns TRUE will
+ * have the READ_IMPLIES_EXEC personality flag set automatically.
+ *
+ * The decision process for determining the results are:
+ *
+ *                 CPU: | lacks NX*  | has NX     |
+ * ELF:                 |            |            |
+ * ---------------------|------------|------------|
+ * missing PT_GNU_STACK | exec-all   | exec-all   |
+ * PT_GNU_STACK == RWX  | exec-all   | exec-stack |
+ * PT_GNU_STACK == RW   | exec-all   | exec-none  |
+ *
+ *  exec-all  : all PROT_READ user mappings are executable, except when
+ *              backed by files on a noexec-filesystem.
+ *  exec-none : only PROT_EXEC user mappings are executable.
+ *  exec-stack: only the stack and PROT_EXEC user mappings are executable.
+ *
+ *  *this column has no architectural effect: NX markings are ignored by
+ *   hardware, but may have behavioral effects when "wants X" collides with
+ *   "cannot be X" constraints in memory permission flags, as in
+ *   https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190418055759.GA3155@mellanox.com
+ *
  */
 int arm_elf_read_implies_exec(int executable_stack)
 {
-	if (executable_stack != EXSTACK_DISABLE_X)
+	if (executable_stack == EXSTACK_DEFAULT)
 		return 1;
 	if (cpu_architecture() < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6)
 		return 1;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/elf.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/elf.h
index 4f00d50585a4..8d1c8dcb87fd 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/elf.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/elf.h
@@ -96,7 +96,28 @@
  */
 #define elf_check_arch(x)		((x)->e_machine == EM_AARCH64)
 
-#define elf_read_implies_exec(ex,stk)	(stk != EXSTACK_DISABLE_X)
+/*
+ * An executable for which elf_read_implies_exec() returns TRUE will
+ * have the READ_IMPLIES_EXEC personality flag set automatically.
+ *
+ * The decision process for determining the results are:
+ *
+ *                CPU*: | arm32      | arm64      |
+ * ELF:                 |            |            |
+ * ---------------------|------------|------------|
+ * missing PT_GNU_STACK | exec-all   | exec-none  |
+ * PT_GNU_STACK == RWX  | exec-stack | exec-stack |
+ * PT_GNU_STACK == RW   | exec-none  | exec-none  |
+ *
+ *  exec-all  : all PROT_READ user mappings are executable, except when
+ *              backed by files on a noexec-filesystem.
+ *  exec-none : only PROT_EXEC user mappings are executable.
+ *  exec-stack: only the stack and PROT_EXEC user mappings are executable.
+ *
+ *  *all arm64 CPUs support NX, so there is no "lacks NX" column.
+ *
+ */
+#define compat_elf_read_implies_exec(ex, stk)	(stk == EXSTACK_DEFAULT)
 
 #define CORE_DUMP_USE_REGSET
 #define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE	PAGE_SIZE
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
index 69c0f892e310..452beed7892b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
@@ -281,9 +281,29 @@ extern u32 elf_hwcap2;
 /*
  * An executable for which elf_read_implies_exec() returns TRUE will
  * have the READ_IMPLIES_EXEC personality flag set automatically.
+ *
+ * The decision process for determining the results are:
+ *
+ *                 CPU: | lacks NX*  | has NX, ia32     | has NX, x86_64 |
+ * ELF:                 |            |                  |                |
+ * ---------------------|------------|------------------|----------------|
+ * missing PT_GNU_STACK | exec-all   | exec-all         | exec-none      |
+ * PT_GNU_STACK == RWX  | exec-stack | exec-stack       | exec-stack     |
+ * PT_GNU_STACK == RW   | exec-none  | exec-none        | exec-none      |
+ *
+ *  exec-all  : all PROT_READ user mappings are executable, except when
+ *              backed by files on a noexec-filesystem.
+ *  exec-none : only PROT_EXEC user mappings are executable.
+ *  exec-stack: only the stack and PROT_EXEC user mappings are executable.
+ *
+ *  *this column has no architectural effect: NX markings are ignored by
+ *   hardware, but may have behavioral effects when "wants X" collides with
+ *   "cannot be X" constraints in memory permission flags, as in
+ *   https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190418055759.GA3155@mellanox.com
+ *
  */
 #define elf_read_implies_exec(ex, executable_stack)	\
-	(executable_stack != EXSTACK_DISABLE_X)
+	(mmap_is_ia32() && executable_stack == EXSTACK_DEFAULT)
 
 struct task_struct;
 
diff --git a/fs/compat_binfmt_elf.c b/fs/compat_binfmt_elf.c
index e61f3fe8e32a..2d24c765cbd7 100644
--- a/fs/compat_binfmt_elf.c
+++ b/fs/compat_binfmt_elf.c
@@ -117,6 +117,11 @@
 #define	arch_setup_additional_pages compat_arch_setup_additional_pages
 #endif
 
+#ifdef	compat_elf_read_implies_exec
+#undef	elf_read_implies_exec
+#define	elf_read_implies_exec compat_elf_read_implies_exec
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Rename a few of the symbols that binfmt_elf.c will define.
  * These are all local so the names don't really matter, but it