libbpf: Add auto-attach for uprobes based on section name

Now that u[ret]probes can use name-based specification, it makes
sense to add support for auto-attach based on SEC() definition.
The format proposed is

        SEC("u[ret]probe/binary:[raw_offset|[function_name[+offset]]")

For example, to trace malloc() in libc:

        SEC("uprobe/libc.so.6:malloc")

...or to trace function foo2 in /usr/bin/foo:

        SEC("uprobe//usr/bin/foo:foo2")

Auto-attach is done for all tasks (pid -1).  prog can be an absolute
path or simply a program/library name; in the latter case, we use
PATH/LD_LIBRARY_PATH to resolve the full path, falling back to
standard locations (/usr/bin:/usr/sbin or /usr/lib64:/usr/lib) if
the file is not found via environment-variable specified locations.

Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/1648654000-21758-4-git-send-email-alan.maguire@oracle.com

tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c

@@ -8630,6 +8630,7 @@ int bpf_program__set_log_buf(struct bpf_program *prog, char *log_buf, size_t log
 }
 
 static int attach_kprobe(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie, struct bpf_link **link);
+static int attach_uprobe(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie, struct bpf_link **link);
 static int attach_tp(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie, struct bpf_link **link);
 static int attach_raw_tp(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie, struct bpf_link **link);
 static int attach_trace(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie, struct bpf_link **link);
@@ -8642,9 +8643,9 @@ static const struct bpf_sec_def section_defs[] = {
 	SEC_DEF("sk_reuseport/migrate",	SK_REUSEPORT, BPF_SK_REUSEPORT_SELECT_OR_MIGRATE, SEC_ATTACHABLE | SEC_SLOPPY_PFX),
 	SEC_DEF("sk_reuseport",		SK_REUSEPORT, BPF_SK_REUSEPORT_SELECT, SEC_ATTACHABLE | SEC_SLOPPY_PFX),
 	SEC_DEF("kprobe/",		KPROBE,	0, SEC_NONE, attach_kprobe),
-	SEC_DEF("uprobe/",		KPROBE,	0, SEC_NONE),
+	SEC_DEF("uprobe+",		KPROBE,	0, SEC_NONE, attach_uprobe),
 	SEC_DEF("kretprobe/",		KPROBE, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_kprobe),
-	SEC_DEF("uretprobe/",		KPROBE, 0, SEC_NONE),
+	SEC_DEF("uretprobe+",		KPROBE, 0, SEC_NONE, attach_uprobe),
 	SEC_DEF("kprobe.multi/",	KPROBE,	BPF_TRACE_KPROBE_MULTI, SEC_NONE, attach_kprobe_multi),
 	SEC_DEF("kretprobe.multi/",	KPROBE,	BPF_TRACE_KPROBE_MULTI, SEC_NONE, attach_kprobe_multi),
 	SEC_DEF("tc",			SCHED_CLS, 0, SEC_NONE),
@@ -10845,6 +10846,75 @@ err_out:
 
 }
 
+/* Format of u[ret]probe section definition supporting auto-attach:
+ * u[ret]probe/binary:function[+offset]
+ *
+ * binary can be an absolute/relative path or a filename; the latter is resolved to a
+ * full binary path via bpf_program__attach_uprobe_opts.
+ *
+ * Specifying uprobe+ ensures we carry out strict matching; either "uprobe" must be
+ * specified (and auto-attach is not possible) or the above format is specified for
+ * auto-attach.
+ */
+static int attach_uprobe(const struct bpf_program *prog, long cookie, struct bpf_link **link)
+{
+	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_uprobe_opts, opts);
+	char *func, *probe_name, *func_end;
+	char *func_name, binary_path[512];
+	unsigned long long raw_offset;
+	size_t offset = 0;
+	int n;
+
+	*link = NULL;
+
+	opts.retprobe = str_has_pfx(prog->sec_name, "uretprobe");
+	if (opts.retprobe)
+		probe_name = prog->sec_name + sizeof("uretprobe") - 1;
+	else
+		probe_name = prog->sec_name + sizeof("uprobe") - 1;
+	if (probe_name[0] == '/')
+		probe_name++;
+
+	/* handle SEC("u[ret]probe") - format is valid, but auto-attach is impossible. */
+	if (strlen(probe_name) == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	snprintf(binary_path, sizeof(binary_path), "%s", probe_name);
+	/* ':' should be prior to function+offset */
+	func_name = strrchr(binary_path, ':');
+	if (!func_name) {
+		pr_warn("section '%s' missing ':function[+offset]' specification\n",
+			prog->sec_name);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	func_name[0] = '\0';
+	func_name++;
+	n = sscanf(func_name, "%m[a-zA-Z0-9_.]+%li", &func, &offset);
+	if (n < 1) {
+		pr_warn("uprobe name '%s' is invalid\n", func_name);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (opts.retprobe && offset != 0) {
+		free(func);
+		pr_warn("uretprobes do not support offset specification\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* Is func a raw address? */
+	errno = 0;
+	raw_offset = strtoull(func, &func_end, 0);
+	if (!errno && !*func_end) {
+		free(func);
+		func = NULL;
+		offset = (size_t)raw_offset;
+	}
+	opts.func_name = func;
+
+	*link = bpf_program__attach_uprobe_opts(prog, -1, binary_path, offset, &opts);
+	free(func);
+	return libbpf_get_error(*link);
+}
+
 struct bpf_link *bpf_program__attach_uprobe(const struct bpf_program *prog,
 					    bool retprobe, pid_t pid,
 					    const char *binary_path,

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_bpf_cookie.c

@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ int handle_kretprobe(struct pt_regs *ctx)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-SEC("uprobe/trigger_func")
+SEC("uprobe")
 int handle_uprobe(struct pt_regs *ctx)
 {
 	update(ctx, &uprobe_res);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-SEC("uretprobe/trigger_func")
+SEC("uretprobe")
 int handle_uretprobe(struct pt_regs *ctx)
 {
 	update(ctx, &uretprobe_res);

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_task_pt_regs.c

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ char current_regs[PT_REGS_SIZE] = {};
 char ctx_regs[PT_REGS_SIZE] = {};
 int uprobe_res = 0;
 
-SEC("uprobe/trigger_func")
+SEC("uprobe")
 int handle_uprobe(struct pt_regs *ctx)
 {
 	struct task_struct *current;

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/trigger_bench.c

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ int bench_trigger_fmodret(void *ctx)
 	return -22;
 }
 
-SEC("uprobe/self/uprobe_target")
+SEC("uprobe")
 int bench_trigger_uprobe(void *ctx)
 {
 	__sync_add_and_fetch(&hits, 1);