ext4: import bitmaps chapter from wiki page

Import the chapter about bitmaps from the on-disk format wiki
page into the kernel documentation.

Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

Documentation/filesystems/ext4/ondisk/bitmaps.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+Block and inode Bitmaps
+-----------------------
+
+The data block bitmap tracks the usage of data blocks within the block
+group.
+
+The inode bitmap records which entries in the inode table are in use.
+
+As with most bitmaps, one bit represents the usage status of one data
+block or inode table entry. This implies a block group size of 8 \*
+number\_of\_bytes\_in\_a\_logical\_block.
+
+NOTE: If ``BLOCK_UNINIT`` is set for a given block group, various parts
+of the kernel and e2fsprogs code pretends that the block bitmap contains
+zeros (i.e. all blocks in the group are free). However, it is not
+necessarily the case that no blocks are in use -- if ``meta_bg`` is set,
+the bitmaps and group descriptor live inside the group. Unfortunately,
+ext2fs\_test\_block\_bitmap2() will return '0' for those locations,
+which produces confusing debugfs output.
+
+Inode Table
+-----------
+Inode tables are statically allocated at mkfs time.  Each block group
+descriptor points to the start of the table, and the superblock records
+the number of inodes per group.  See the section on inodes for more
+information.

Documentation/filesystems/ext4/ondisk/globals.rst

@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ have static metadata at fixed locations.
 
 .. include:: super.rst
 .. include:: group_descr.rst
+.. include:: bitmaps.rst