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License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 22:07:57 +08:00
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
Move certificate handling to its own directory Move certificate handling out of the kernel/ directory and into a certs/ directory to get all the weird stuff in one place and move the generated signing keys into this directory. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
2015-08-14 22:20:41 +08:00
menu "Certificates for signature checking"
config MODULE_SIG_KEY
string "File name or PKCS#11 URI of module signing key"
default "certs/signing_key.pem"
depends on MODULE_SIG
help
Provide the file name of a private key/certificate in PEM format,
or a PKCS#11 URI according to RFC7512. The file should contain, or
the URI should identify, both the certificate and its corresponding
private key.
If this option is unchanged from its default "certs/signing_key.pem",
then the kernel will automatically generate the private key and
docs: Fix some broken references As we move stuff around, some doc references are broken. Fix some of them via this script: ./scripts/documentation-file-ref-check --fix Manually checked if the produced result is valid, removing a few false-positives. Acked-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Acked-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org> Acked-by: Charles Keepax <ckeepax@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com> Acked-by: Mathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> Acked-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
2018-05-09 02:14:57 +08:00
certificate as described in Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
Move certificate handling to its own directory Move certificate handling out of the kernel/ directory and into a certs/ directory to get all the weird stuff in one place and move the generated signing keys into this directory. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
2015-08-14 22:20:41 +08:00
config SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING
bool "Provide system-wide ring of trusted keys"
depends on KEYS
KEYS: Make the system trusted keyring depend on the asymmetric key type Make the system trusted keyring depend on the asymmetric key type as there's not a lot of point having it if you can't then load asymmetric keys onto it. This requires the ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE to be made a bool, not a tristate, as the Kconfig language doesn't then correctly force ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE to 'y' rather than 'm' if SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING is 'y'. Making SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING *select* ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE instead doesn't work as the Kconfig interpreter then wrongly complains about dependency loops. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2016-04-06 23:14:26 +08:00
depends on ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE
Move certificate handling to its own directory Move certificate handling out of the kernel/ directory and into a certs/ directory to get all the weird stuff in one place and move the generated signing keys into this directory. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
2015-08-14 22:20:41 +08:00
help
Provide a system keyring to which trusted keys can be added. Keys in
the keyring are considered to be trusted. Keys may be added at will
by the kernel from compiled-in data and from hardware key stores, but
userspace may only add extra keys if those keys can be verified by
keys already in the keyring.
Keys in this keyring are used by module signature checking.
config SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS
string "Additional X.509 keys for default system keyring"
depends on SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING
help
If set, this option should be the filename of a PEM-formatted file
containing trusted X.509 certificates to be included in the default
system keyring. Any certificate used for module signing is implicitly
also trusted.
NOTE: If you previously provided keys for the system keyring in the
form of DER-encoded *.x509 files in the top-level build directory,
those are no longer used. You will need to set this option instead.
KEYS: Reserve an extra certificate symbol for inserting without recompiling Place a system_extra_cert buffer of configurable size, right after the system_certificate_list, so that inserted keys can be readily processed by the existing mechanism. Added script takes a key file and a kernel image and inserts its contents to the reserved area. The system_certificate_list_size is also adjusted accordingly. Call the script as: scripts/insert-sys-cert -b <vmlinux> -c <certfile> If vmlinux has no symbol table, supply System.map file with -s flag. Subsequent runs replace the previously inserted key, instead of appending the new one. Signed-off-by: Mehmet Kayaalp <mkayaalp@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2015-11-25 05:18:05 +08:00
config SYSTEM_EXTRA_CERTIFICATE
bool "Reserve area for inserting a certificate without recompiling"
depends on SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING
help
If set, space for an extra certificate will be reserved in the kernel
image. This allows introducing a trusted certificate to the default
system keyring without recompiling the kernel.
config SYSTEM_EXTRA_CERTIFICATE_SIZE
int "Number of bytes to reserve for the extra certificate"
depends on SYSTEM_EXTRA_CERTIFICATE
default 4096
help
This is the number of bytes reserved in the kernel image for a
certificate to be inserted.
certs: Add a secondary system keyring that can be added to dynamically Add a secondary system keyring that can be added to by root whilst the system is running - provided the key being added is vouched for by a key built into the kernel or already added to the secondary keyring. Rename .system_keyring to .builtin_trusted_keys to distinguish it more obviously from the new keyring (called .secondary_trusted_keys). The new keyring needs to be enabled with CONFIG_SECONDARY_TRUSTED_KEYRING. If the secondary keyring is enabled, a link is created from that to .builtin_trusted_keys so that the the latter will automatically be searched too if the secondary keyring is searched. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2016-04-06 23:14:27 +08:00
config SECONDARY_TRUSTED_KEYRING
bool "Provide a keyring to which extra trustable keys may be added"
depends on SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING
help
If set, provide a keyring to which extra keys may be added, provided
those keys are not blacklisted and are vouched for by a key built
into the kernel or already in the secondary trusted keyring.
KEYS: Add a system blacklist keyring Add the following: (1) A new system keyring that is used to store information about blacklisted certificates and signatures. (2) A new key type (called 'blacklist') that is used to store a blacklisted hash in its description as a hex string. The key accepts no payload. (3) The ability to configure a list of blacklisted hashes into the kernel at build time. This is done by setting CONFIG_SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_HASH_LIST to the filename of a list of hashes that are in the form: "<hash>", "<hash>", ..., "<hash>" where each <hash> is a hex string representation of the hash and must include all necessary leading zeros to pad the hash to the right size. The above are enabled with CONFIG_SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING. Once the kernel is booted, the blacklist keyring can be listed: root@andromeda ~]# keyctl show %:.blacklist Keyring 723359729 ---lswrv 0 0 keyring: .blacklist 676257228 ---lswrv 0 0 \_ blacklist: 123412341234c55c1dcc601ab8e172917706aa32fb5eaf826813547fdf02dd46 The blacklist cannot currently be modified by userspace, but it will be possible to load it, for example, from the UEFI blacklist database. A later commit will make it possible to load blacklisted asymmetric keys in here too. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2017-04-03 23:07:24 +08:00
config SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING
bool "Provide system-wide ring of blacklisted keys"
depends on KEYS
help
Provide a system keyring to which blacklisted keys can be added.
Keys in the keyring are considered entirely untrusted. Keys in this
keyring are used by the module signature checking to reject loading
of modules signed with a blacklisted key.
config SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_HASH_LIST
string "Hashes to be preloaded into the system blacklist keyring"
depends on SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING
help
If set, this option should be the filename of a list of hashes in the
form "<hash>", "<hash>", ... . This will be included into a C
wrapper to incorporate the list into the kernel. Each <hash> should
be a string of hex digits.
Move certificate handling to its own directory Move certificate handling out of the kernel/ directory and into a certs/ directory to get all the weird stuff in one place and move the generated signing keys into this directory. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
2015-08-14 22:20:41 +08:00
endmenu