VS Code: Ubuntu development container via Docker (#4128)

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

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+# See here for image contents: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/master/containers/ubuntu/.devcontainer/base.Dockerfile
+# [Choice] Ubuntu version (use jammy or bionic on local arm64/Apple Silicon): jammy, focal, bionic
+ARG VARIANT="jammy"
+FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/base:0-${VARIANT}
+
+# Derived from Tauri contribution and setup guides:
+# See: https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri/blob/dev/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md#development-guide
+# See: https://tauri.studio/v1/guides/getting-started/prerequisites/#setting-up-linux
+ARG TAURI_BUILD_DEPS="build-essential curl libappindicator3-dev libgtk-3-dev librsvg2-dev libssl-dev libwebkit2gtk-4.0-dev wget"
+
+RUN apt-get update && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
+    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $TAURI_BUILD_DEPS

.devcontainer/README.md

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+# VS Code Devcontainer for Tauri
+
+## Overview
+
+Please note that most of these instructions are derived from Microsoft's VS Code documentation: [Developing inside a Container](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers). Check the official documentation if you encounter problems and submit a PR with any corrections you find for the instructions below.
+
+The development container included in this repository is derived from [Microsoft's default Ubuntu development container](https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/master/containers/ubuntu). Contents of the Ubuntu Docker image can be in the [VS Code devcontainer Ubuntu base Dockerfile](https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/blob/main/containers/ubuntu/.devcontainer/base.Dockerfile). The contents of the container used for development can be found in the [Dockerfile](./Dockerfile) located in the same directory as this README.
+
+## Usage
+
+1. Ensure you have all [Devcontainer Prerequisites](#devcontainer-prerequisites)
+2. Open the directory containing your [`tauri-apps/tauri`](https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri) code.
+3. Install the [Remote Development](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.vscode-remote-extensionpack) extension pack for VS Code. This will be included if you install recommended workspace extensions upon opening this repository.
+4. Ensure Docker is running
+5. [Open your workspace in the provided devcontainer](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers#_open-an-existing-workspace-in-a-container): Open this repository in VS Code and run **Remote-Containers: Reopen in Container...** from the Command Palette (<kbd>F1</kbd>).
+
+### Devcontainer Prerequisites
+
+Prerequisites are mainly derived from VS Code's instructions for usage of development containers, documented here: [Developing inside a Container: Getting Started](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers#_getting-started).
+
+1. Docker (Docker Desktop recommended)
+2. VS Code
+3. X window host - required if you want to be able to interact with a GUI from your Docker host
+
+### A note on filesystem performance
+
+Due to limititations in how Docker shares files between the Docker host and a container, it's also recommended that developers [clone Tauri source code into a container volume](https://code.visualstudio.com/remote/advancedcontainers/improve-performance#_use-clone-repository-in-container-volume). This is optional, but highly advised as many filesystem/IO heavy opearations (`cargo build`, `yarn install`, etc) will be very slow if they operate on directories shared with a Docker container from the Docker host.
+
+To do this, open your project with VS Code and run **Remote-Containers: Clone Repository in Container Volume...** from the Command Palette (<kbd>F1</kbd>).
+
+### Accessing a Tauri application running you the devcontainer
+
+Docker Desktop provides facilities for [allowing the development container to connect to a service on the Docker host](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/windows/networking/#i-want-to-connect-from-a-container-to-a-service-on-the-host). So long as you have an X window server running on your Docker host, the devcontainer can connect to it and expose your Tauri GUI via an X window.
+
+**Export the `DISPLAY` variable within the devcontainer terminal you launch your Tauri application from to expose your GUI outside of the devcontainer**.
+```bash
+export DISPLAY="host.docker.internal:0"
+```

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

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+// For format details, see https://aka.ms/devcontainer.json. For config options, see the README at:
+// https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/v0.234.0/containers/ubuntu
+{
+  "name": "Ubuntu",
+  "build": {
+    "dockerfile": "Dockerfile",
+    // Update 'VARIANT' to pick an Ubuntu version: jammy / ubuntu-22.04, focal / ubuntu-20.04, bionic /ubuntu-18.04
+    // Use ubuntu-22.04 or ubuntu-18.04 on local arm64/Apple Silicon.
+    "args": { "VARIANT": "ubuntu-22.04" }
+  },
+
+  // Set *default* container specific settings.json values on container create.
+  "settings": {},
+
+  // Add the IDs of extensions you want installed when the container is created.
+  "extensions": [],
+
+  // Use 'forwardPorts' to make a list of ports inside the container available locally.
+  // "forwardPorts": [],
+
+  // Use 'postCreateCommand' to run commands after the container is created.
+  // "postCreateCommand": "uname -a",
+
+  // Comment out to connect as root instead. More info: https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root.
+  "remoteUser": "vscode",
+  "features": {
+    "node": "lts",
+    "rust": "latest"
+  }
+}

.vscode/extensions.json

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+{
+  "recommendations": [
+    "ms-vscode-remote.vscode-remote-extensionpack",
+    "EditorConfig.EditorConfig",
+    "esbenp.prettier-vscode"
+  ]
+}