* Move axum crate into workspace subfolder
Over time I imagine we're gonna have other crates in this repo that
provide utilities or integrations for axum. This prepares for that by
moving the main axum crate into its own folder.
The README situation is a bit annoying because we want `./README.md`
for viewing the repo on github but `axum/README.md` for crates.io. For
now I've just copy/pasted it and added CI step to make sure they're
identical.
* update changelog link
* Add licenses to all examples
* is this how you install `diff`?
* or maybe this is how?
* fix readme links
* like this?
* fix cargo-deny step
* Try making root readme a symlink
* remove compare readme step
not needed since readme in repo root is now a symlink
* Revert "Add licenses to all examples"
This reverts commit ab321b7fb9.
- Overall:
- **fixed:** All known compile time issues are resolved, including those with
`boxed` and those introduced by Rust 1.56 ([#404])
- **breaking:** The router's type is now always `Router` regardless of how many routes or
middleware are applied ([#404])
This means router types are all always nameable:
```rust
fn my_routes() -> Router {
Router::new().route(
"/users",
post(|| async { "Hello, World!" }),
)
}
```
- **breaking:** Added feature flags for HTTP1 and JSON. This enables removing a
few dependencies if your app only uses HTTP2 or doesn't use JSON. Its only a
breaking change if you depend on axum with `default_features = false`. ([#286])
- **breaking:** `Route::boxed` and `BoxRoute` have been removed as they're no longer
necessary ([#404])
- **breaking:** `Nested`, `Or` types are now private. They no longer had to be
public because `Router` is internally boxed ([#404])
- **breaking:** Remove `routing::Layered` as it didn't actually do anything and
thus wasn't necessary
- **breaking:** Vendor `AddExtensionLayer` and `AddExtension` to reduce public
dependencies
- **breaking:** `body::BoxBody` is now a type alias for
`http_body::combinators::UnsyncBoxBody` and thus is no longer `Sync`. This
is because bodies are streams and requiring streams to be `Sync` is
unnecessary.
- **added:** Implement `IntoResponse` for `http_body::combinators::UnsyncBoxBody`.
- **added:** Add `Handler::into_make_service` for serving a handler without a
`Router`.
- **added:** Add `Handler::into_make_service_with_connect_info` for serving a
handler without a `Router`, and storing info about the incoming connection.
- **breaking:** axum's minimum support rust version is not 1.54
- Routing:
- Big internal refactoring of routing leading to several improvements ([#363])
- **added:** Wildcard routes like `.route("/api/users/*rest", service)` are now supported.
- **fixed:** The order routes are added in no longer matters.
- **fixed:** Adding a conflicting route will now cause a panic instead of silently making
a route unreachable.
- **fixed:** Route matching is faster as number of routes increase.
- **fixed:** Correctly handle trailing slashes in routes:
- If a route with a trailing slash exists and a request without a trailing
slash is received, axum will send a 301 redirection to the route with the
trailing slash.
- Or vice versa if a route without a trailing slash exists and a request
with a trailing slash is received.
- This can be overridden by explicitly defining two routes: One with and one
without trailing a slash.
- **breaking:** Method routing for handlers have been moved from `axum::handler`
to `axum::routing`. So `axum::handler::get` now lives at `axum::routing::get`
([#405])
- **breaking:** Method routing for services have been moved from `axum::service`
to `axum::routing`. So `axum::service::get` now lives at, etc.
`axum::routing::service_method_routing::get`, etc. ([#405])
- **breaking:** `Router::or` renamed to `Router::merge` and will now panic on
overlapping routes. It now only accepts `Router`s and not general `Service`s.
Use `Router::fallback` for adding fallback routes ([#408])
- **added:** `Router::fallback` for adding handlers for request that didn't
match any routes. `Router::fallback` must be use instead of `nest("/", _)` ([#408])
- **breaking:** `EmptyRouter` has been renamed to `MethodNotAllowed` as its only
used in method routers and not in path routers (`Router`)
- **breaking:** Remove support for routing based on the `CONNECT` method. An
example of combining axum with and HTTP proxy can be found [here][proxy] ([#428])
- Extractors:
- **fixed:** Expand accepted content types for JSON requests ([#378])
- **fixed:** Support deserializing `i128` and `u128` in `extract::Path`
- **breaking:** Automatically do percent decoding in `extract::Path`
([#272])
- **breaking:** Change `Connected::connect_info` to return `Self` and remove
the associated type `ConnectInfo` ([#396])
- **added:** Add `extract::MatchedPath` for accessing path in router that
matched the request ([#412])
- Error handling:
- **breaking:** Simplify error handling model ([#402]):
- All services part of the router are now required to be infallible.
- Error handling utilities have been moved to an `error_handling` module.
- `Router::check_infallible` has been removed since routers are always
infallible with the error handling changes.
- Error handling closures must now handle all errors and thus always return
something that implements `IntoResponse`.
With these changes handling errors from fallible middleware is done like so:
```rust,no_run
use axum::{
routing::get,
http::StatusCode,
error_handling::HandleErrorLayer,
response::IntoResponse,
Router, BoxError,
};
use tower::ServiceBuilder;
use std::time::Duration;
let middleware_stack = ServiceBuilder::new()
// Handle errors from middleware
//
// This middleware most be added above any fallible
// ones if you're using `ServiceBuilder`, due to how ordering works
.layer(HandleErrorLayer::new(handle_error))
// Return an error after 30 seconds
.timeout(Duration::from_secs(30));
let app = Router::new()
.route("/", get(|| async { /* ... */ }))
.layer(middleware_stack);
fn handle_error(_error: BoxError) -> impl IntoResponse {
StatusCode::REQUEST_TIMEOUT
}
```
And handling errors from fallible leaf services is done like so:
```rust
use axum::{
Router, service,
body::Body,
routing::service_method_routing::get,
response::IntoResponse,
http::{Request, Response},
error_handling::HandleErrorExt, // for `.handle_error`
};
use std::{io, convert::Infallible};
use tower::service_fn;
let app = Router::new()
.route(
"/",
get(service_fn(|_req: Request<Body>| async {
let contents = tokio::fs::read_to_string("some_file").await?;
Ok::<_, io::Error>(Response::new(Body::from(contents)))
}))
.handle_error(handle_io_error),
);
fn handle_io_error(error: io::Error) -> impl IntoResponse {
// ...
}
```
- Misc:
- `InvalidWebsocketVersionHeader` has been renamed to `InvalidWebSocketVersionHeader` ([#416])
- `WebsocketKeyHeaderMissing` has been renamed to `WebSocketKeyHeaderMissing` ([#416])
[#339]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/339
[#286]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/286
[#272]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/272
[#378]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/378
[#363]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/363
[#396]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/396
[#402]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/402
[#404]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/404
[#405]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/405
[#408]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/408
[#412]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/412
[#416]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/416
[#428]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/428
[proxy]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/blob/main/examples/http-proxy/src/main.rs
* Make `IntoMakeService(WithConnectInfo)?` work with any Service
* Add `Handler::{into_make_service, into_make_service_with_connect_info}`
These are useful if you want to run a handler without a `Router`, for
example to make a proxy.
As we learned [in Tonic] bodies don't need to be `Sync` because they can
only be polled from one thread at a time.
This changes axum's bodies to no longer require `Sync` and makes
`BoxBody` an alias for `UnsyncBoxBody<Bytes, axum::Error>`.
[in Tonic]: https://github.com/hyperium/tonic/issues/117
This reworks axum's docs in an attempt to make things easier to find. Previously I wasn't a fan of those docs for the same topic were spread across the root module docs and more specific places like types and methods.
This changes it such that the root module docs only gives a high level introduction to a topic, perhaps with a small example, and then link to other places where all the details are. This means `Router` is now the single place to learn about routing, and etc for the topics like handlers and error handling.
While thinking about #419 I realized that `main` had a bug where
middleware wouldn't be called if no route matched the incoming request.
`Router` would just directly return a 404 without calling any
middleware.
This fixes by making the fallback default to a service that always
returns 404 and always calling that if no route matches.
Layers applied to the router is then also applied to the fallback.
Unfortunately this breaks #380 but I don't currently see a way to
support both. Auth middleware need to run _after_ routing because you
don't care about auth for unknown paths, but logging middleware need to
run _before_ routing because they do care about seeing requests for
unknown paths so they can log them...
Part of #419
- Static vs dynamic paths are now supported meaning `/foo` and `/:key`
are not considered to overlap.
- A bug we hit regarding trailing slashes is fixed.
This remove tower-http from axum's public API. I would like to be able
to make breaking releases of tower-http without also having to ship a
breaking release of axum.
* "matchit" based router
* Update changelog
* Remove dependency on `regex`
* Docs
* Fix typos
* Also mention route order in root module docs
* Update CHANGELOG.md
Co-authored-by: Jonas Platte <jplatte@users.noreply.github.com>
* Document that `/:key` and `/foo` overlaps
* Provide good error message for wildcards in routes
* minor clean ups
* Make `Router` cheaper to clone
* Ensure middleware still only applies to routes above
* Remove call to issues from changelog
We're aware of the short coming :)
* Fix tests on 1.51
Co-authored-by: Jonas Platte <jplatte@users.noreply.github.com>
I've been thinking that having an associated type probably isn't
necessary. I imagine most users are either using `SocketAddr` to the
remote connection IP, or writing their own connection struct.
* Expand accepted content types for JSON requests
Fixes https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/issues/375
* changelog
* add test for content type without spaces
* Don't accept `text/json`
* small clean up
* Percent decode automatically in `extract::Path`
Fixes https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/issues/261
* return an error if path param contains invalid utf-8
* Mention automatic decoding in the docs
* Update changelog: This is a breaking change
* cleanup
* fix tests
* Improve performance of `BoxRoute`
This is based on #315 but slightly shorter.
It removes the need for a `tower::buffer::Buffer` in `BoxRoute` which
improves performance.
* changelog
Co-authored-by: Programatik <programatik29@gmail.com>
0.2.3 (26. August, 2021)
- **fixed:** Fix accidental breaking change introduced by internal refactor.
`BoxRoute` used to be `Sync` but was accidental made `!Sync` ([#273](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/273))
- Overall:
- **fixed:** Overall compile time improvements. If you're having issues with compile time
please file an issue! ([#184](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/184)) ([#198](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/198)) ([#220](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/220))
- **changed:** Remove `prelude`. Explicit imports are now required ([#195](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/195))
- Routing:
- **added:** Add dedicated `Router` to replace the `RoutingDsl` trait ([#214](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/214))
- **added:** Add `Router::or` for combining routes ([#108](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/108))
- **fixed:** Support matching different HTTP methods for the same route that aren't defined
together. So `Router::new().route("/", get(...)).route("/", post(...))` now
accepts both `GET` and `POST`. Previously only `POST` would be accepted ([#224](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/224))
- **fixed:** `get` routes will now also be called for `HEAD` requests but will always have
the response body removed ([#129](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/129))
- **changed:** Replace `axum::route(...)` with `axum::Router::new().route(...)`. This means
there is now only one way to create a new router. Same goes for
`axum::routing::nest`. ([#215](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/215))
- **changed:** Implement `routing::MethodFilter` via [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) ([#158](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/158))
- **changed:** Move `handle_error` from `ServiceExt` to `service::OnMethod` ([#160](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/160))
With these changes this app using 0.1:
```rust
use axum::{extract::Extension, prelude::*, routing::BoxRoute, AddExtensionLayer};
let app = route("/", get(|| async { "hi" }))
.nest("/api", api_routes())
.layer(AddExtensionLayer::new(state));
fn api_routes() -> BoxRoute<Body> {
route(
"/users",
post(|Extension(state): Extension<State>| async { "hi from nested" }),
)
.boxed()
}
```
Becomes this in 0.2:
```rust
use axum::{
extract::Extension,
handler::{get, post},
routing::BoxRoute,
Router,
};
let app = Router::new()
.route("/", get(|| async { "hi" }))
.nest("/api", api_routes());
fn api_routes() -> Router<BoxRoute> {
Router::new()
.route(
"/users",
post(|Extension(state): Extension<State>| async { "hi from nested" }),
)
.boxed()
}
```
- Extractors:
- **added:** Make `FromRequest` default to being generic over `body::Body` ([#146](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/146))
- **added:** Implement `std::error::Error` for all rejections ([#153](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/153))
- **added:** Add `OriginalUri` for extracting original request URI in nested services ([#197](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/197))
- **added:** Implement `FromRequest` for `http::Extensions` ([#169](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/169))
- **added:** Make `RequestParts::{new, try_into_request}` public so extractors can be used outside axum ([#194](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/194))
- **added:** Implement `FromRequest` for `axum::body::Body` ([#241](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/241))
- **changed:** Removed `extract::UrlParams` and `extract::UrlParamsMap`. Use `extract::Path` instead ([#154](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/154))
- **changed:** `extractor_middleware` now requires `RequestBody: Default` ([#167](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/167))
- **changed:** Convert `RequestAlreadyExtracted` to an enum with each possible error variant ([#167](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/167))
- **changed:** `extract::BodyStream` is no longer generic over the request body ([#234](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/234))
- **changed:** `extract::Body` has been renamed to `extract::RawBody` to avoid conflicting with `body::Body` ([#233](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/233))
- **changed:** `RequestParts` changes ([#153](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/153))
- `method` new returns an `&http::Method`
- `method_mut` new returns an `&mut http::Method`
- `take_method` has been removed
- `uri` new returns an `&http::Uri`
- `uri_mut` new returns an `&mut http::Uri`
- `take_uri` has been removed
- **changed:** Remove several rejection types that were no longer used ([#153](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/153)) ([#154](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/154))
- Responses:
- **added:** Add `Headers` for easily customizing headers on a response ([#193](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/193))
- **added:** Add `Redirect` response ([#192](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/192))
- **added:** Add `body::StreamBody` for easily responding with a stream of byte chunks ([#237](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/237))
- **changed:** Add associated `Body` and `BodyError` types to `IntoResponse`. This is
required for returning responses with bodies other than `hyper::Body` from
handlers. See the docs for advice on how to implement `IntoResponse` ([#86](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/86))
- **changed:** `tower::util::Either` no longer implements `IntoResponse` ([#229](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/229))
This `IntoResponse` from 0.1:
```rust
use axum::{http::Response, prelude::*, response::IntoResponse};
struct MyResponse;
impl IntoResponse for MyResponse {
fn into_response(self) -> Response<Body> {
Response::new(Body::empty())
}
}
```
Becomes this in 0.2:
```rust
use axum::{body::Body, http::Response, response::IntoResponse};
struct MyResponse;
impl IntoResponse for MyResponse {
type Body = Body;
type BodyError = <Self::Body as axum::body::HttpBody>::Error;
fn into_response(self) -> Response<Self::Body> {
Response::new(Body::empty())
}
}
```
- SSE:
- **added:** Add `response::sse::Sse`. This implements SSE using a response rather than a service ([#98](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/98))
- **changed:** Remove `axum::sse`. Its been replaced by `axum::response::sse` ([#98](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/98))
Handler using SSE in 0.1:
```rust
use axum::{
prelude::*,
sse::{sse, Event},
};
use std::convert::Infallible;
let app = route(
"/",
sse(|| async {
let stream = futures::stream::iter(vec![Ok::<_, Infallible>(
Event::default().data("hi there!"),
)]);
Ok::<_, Infallible>(stream)
}),
);
```
Becomes this in 0.2:
```rust
use axum::{
handler::get,
response::sse::{Event, Sse},
Router,
};
use std::convert::Infallible;
let app = Router::new().route(
"/",
get(|| async {
let stream = futures::stream::iter(vec![Ok::<_, Infallible>(
Event::default().data("hi there!"),
)]);
Sse::new(stream)
}),
);
```
- WebSockets:
- **changed:** Change WebSocket API to use an extractor plus a response ([#121](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/121))
- **changed:** Make WebSocket `Message` an enum ([#116](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/116))
- **changed:** `WebSocket` now uses `Error` as its error type ([#150](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/150))
Handler using WebSockets in 0.1:
```rust
use axum::{
prelude::*,
ws::{ws, WebSocket},
};
let app = route(
"/",
ws(|socket: WebSocket| async move {
// do stuff with socket
}),
);
```
Becomes this in 0.2:
```rust
use axum::{
extract::ws::{WebSocket, WebSocketUpgrade},
handler::get,
Router,
};
let app = Router::new().route(
"/",
get(|ws: WebSocketUpgrade| async move {
ws.on_upgrade(|socket: WebSocket| async move {
// do stuff with socket
})
}),
);
```
- Misc
- **added:** Add default feature `tower-log` which exposes `tower`'s `log` feature. ([#218](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/218))
- **changed:** Replace `body::BoxStdError` with `axum::Error`, which supports downcasting ([#150](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/150))
- **changed:** `EmptyRouter` now requires the response body to implement `Send + Sync + 'static'` ([#108](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/108))
- **changed:** `Router::check_infallible` now returns a `CheckInfallible` service. This
is to improve compile times ([#198](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/198))
- **changed:** `Router::into_make_service` now returns `routing::IntoMakeService` rather than
`tower::make::Shared` ([#229](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/229))
- **changed:** All usage of `tower::BoxError` has been replaced with `axum::BoxError` ([#229](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/229))
- **changed:** Several response future types have been moved into dedicated
`future` modules ([#133](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/133))
- **changed:** `EmptyRouter`, `ExtractorMiddleware`, `ExtractorMiddlewareLayer`,
and `QueryStringMissing` no longer implement `Copy` ([#132](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/132))
- **changed:** `service::OnMethod`, `handler::OnMethod`, and `routing::Nested` have new response future types ([#157](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/157))
David Pedersen