521 lines
18 KiB
C
521 lines
18 KiB
C
/*
|
||
* Copyright 2013 Red Hat Inc.
|
||
*
|
||
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
|
||
* (at your option) any later version.
|
||
*
|
||
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
||
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
||
* GNU General Public License for more details.
|
||
*
|
||
* Authors: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
|
||
*/
|
||
/*
|
||
* Heterogeneous Memory Management (HMM)
|
||
*
|
||
* See Documentation/vm/hmm.txt for reasons and overview of what HMM is and it
|
||
* is for. Here we focus on the HMM API description, with some explanation of
|
||
* the underlying implementation.
|
||
*
|
||
* Short description: HMM provides a set of helpers to share a virtual address
|
||
* space between CPU and a device, so that the device can access any valid
|
||
* address of the process (while still obeying memory protection). HMM also
|
||
* provides helpers to migrate process memory to device memory, and back. Each
|
||
* set of functionality (address space mirroring, and migration to and from
|
||
* device memory) can be used independently of the other.
|
||
*
|
||
*
|
||
* HMM address space mirroring API:
|
||
*
|
||
* Use HMM address space mirroring if you want to mirror range of the CPU page
|
||
* table of a process into a device page table. Here, "mirror" means "keep
|
||
* synchronized". Prerequisites: the device must provide the ability to write-
|
||
* protect its page tables (at PAGE_SIZE granularity), and must be able to
|
||
* recover from the resulting potential page faults.
|
||
*
|
||
* HMM guarantees that at any point in time, a given virtual address points to
|
||
* either the same memory in both CPU and device page tables (that is: CPU and
|
||
* device page tables each point to the same pages), or that one page table (CPU
|
||
* or device) points to no entry, while the other still points to the old page
|
||
* for the address. The latter case happens when the CPU page table update
|
||
* happens first, and then the update is mirrored over to the device page table.
|
||
* This does not cause any issue, because the CPU page table cannot start
|
||
* pointing to a new page until the device page table is invalidated.
|
||
*
|
||
* HMM uses mmu_notifiers to monitor the CPU page tables, and forwards any
|
||
* updates to each device driver that has registered a mirror. It also provides
|
||
* some API calls to help with taking a snapshot of the CPU page table, and to
|
||
* synchronize with any updates that might happen concurrently.
|
||
*
|
||
*
|
||
* HMM migration to and from device memory:
|
||
*
|
||
* HMM provides a set of helpers to hotplug device memory as ZONE_DEVICE, with
|
||
* a new MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE type. This provides a struct page for each page
|
||
* of the device memory, and allows the device driver to manage its memory
|
||
* using those struct pages. Having struct pages for device memory makes
|
||
* migration easier. Because that memory is not addressable by the CPU it must
|
||
* never be pinned to the device; in other words, any CPU page fault can always
|
||
* cause the device memory to be migrated (copied/moved) back to regular memory.
|
||
*
|
||
* A new migrate helper (migrate_vma()) has been added (see mm/migrate.c) that
|
||
* allows use of a device DMA engine to perform the copy operation between
|
||
* regular system memory and device memory.
|
||
*/
|
||
#ifndef LINUX_HMM_H
|
||
#define LINUX_HMM_H
|
||
|
||
#include <linux/kconfig.h>
|
||
|
||
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM)
|
||
|
||
#include <linux/device.h>
|
||
#include <linux/migrate.h>
|
||
#include <linux/memremap.h>
|
||
#include <linux/completion.h>
|
||
|
||
struct hmm;
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_pfn_t - HMM uses its own pfn type to keep several flags per page
|
||
*
|
||
* Flags:
|
||
* HMM_PFN_VALID: pfn is valid
|
||
* HMM_PFN_READ: CPU page table has read permission set
|
||
* HMM_PFN_WRITE: CPU page table has write permission set
|
||
* HMM_PFN_ERROR: corresponding CPU page table entry points to poisoned memory
|
||
* HMM_PFN_EMPTY: corresponding CPU page table entry is pte_none()
|
||
* HMM_PFN_SPECIAL: corresponding CPU page table entry is special; i.e., the
|
||
* result of vm_insert_pfn() or vm_insert_page(). Therefore, it should not
|
||
* be mirrored by a device, because the entry will never have HMM_PFN_VALID
|
||
* set and the pfn value is undefined.
|
||
* HMM_PFN_DEVICE_UNADDRESSABLE: unaddressable device memory (ZONE_DEVICE)
|
||
*/
|
||
typedef unsigned long hmm_pfn_t;
|
||
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_VALID (1 << 0)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_READ (1 << 1)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_WRITE (1 << 2)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_ERROR (1 << 3)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_EMPTY (1 << 4)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_SPECIAL (1 << 5)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_DEVICE_UNADDRESSABLE (1 << 6)
|
||
#define HMM_PFN_SHIFT 7
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_pfn_t_to_page() - return struct page pointed to by a valid hmm_pfn_t
|
||
* @pfn: hmm_pfn_t to convert to struct page
|
||
* Returns: struct page pointer if pfn is a valid hmm_pfn_t, NULL otherwise
|
||
*
|
||
* If the hmm_pfn_t is valid (ie valid flag set) then return the struct page
|
||
* matching the pfn value stored in the hmm_pfn_t. Otherwise return NULL.
|
||
*/
|
||
static inline struct page *hmm_pfn_t_to_page(hmm_pfn_t pfn)
|
||
{
|
||
if (!(pfn & HMM_PFN_VALID))
|
||
return NULL;
|
||
return pfn_to_page(pfn >> HMM_PFN_SHIFT);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_pfn_t_to_pfn() - return pfn value store in a hmm_pfn_t
|
||
* @pfn: hmm_pfn_t to extract pfn from
|
||
* Returns: pfn value if hmm_pfn_t is valid, -1UL otherwise
|
||
*/
|
||
static inline unsigned long hmm_pfn_t_to_pfn(hmm_pfn_t pfn)
|
||
{
|
||
if (!(pfn & HMM_PFN_VALID))
|
||
return -1UL;
|
||
return (pfn >> HMM_PFN_SHIFT);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_pfn_t_from_page() - create a valid hmm_pfn_t value from struct page
|
||
* @page: struct page pointer for which to create the hmm_pfn_t
|
||
* Returns: valid hmm_pfn_t for the page
|
||
*/
|
||
static inline hmm_pfn_t hmm_pfn_t_from_page(struct page *page)
|
||
{
|
||
return (page_to_pfn(page) << HMM_PFN_SHIFT) | HMM_PFN_VALID;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_pfn_t_from_pfn() - create a valid hmm_pfn_t value from pfn
|
||
* @pfn: pfn value for which to create the hmm_pfn_t
|
||
* Returns: valid hmm_pfn_t for the pfn
|
||
*/
|
||
static inline hmm_pfn_t hmm_pfn_t_from_pfn(unsigned long pfn)
|
||
{
|
||
return (pfn << HMM_PFN_SHIFT) | HMM_PFN_VALID;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM_MIRROR)
|
||
/*
|
||
* Mirroring: how to synchronize device page table with CPU page table.
|
||
*
|
||
* A device driver that is participating in HMM mirroring must always
|
||
* synchronize with CPU page table updates. For this, device drivers can either
|
||
* directly use mmu_notifier APIs or they can use the hmm_mirror API. Device
|
||
* drivers can decide to register one mirror per device per process, or just
|
||
* one mirror per process for a group of devices. The pattern is:
|
||
*
|
||
* int device_bind_address_space(..., struct mm_struct *mm, ...)
|
||
* {
|
||
* struct device_address_space *das;
|
||
*
|
||
* // Device driver specific initialization, and allocation of das
|
||
* // which contains an hmm_mirror struct as one of its fields.
|
||
* ...
|
||
*
|
||
* ret = hmm_mirror_register(&das->mirror, mm, &device_mirror_ops);
|
||
* if (ret) {
|
||
* // Cleanup on error
|
||
* return ret;
|
||
* }
|
||
*
|
||
* // Other device driver specific initialization
|
||
* ...
|
||
* }
|
||
*
|
||
* Once an hmm_mirror is registered for an address space, the device driver
|
||
* will get callbacks through sync_cpu_device_pagetables() operation (see
|
||
* hmm_mirror_ops struct).
|
||
*
|
||
* Device driver must not free the struct containing the hmm_mirror struct
|
||
* before calling hmm_mirror_unregister(). The expected usage is to do that when
|
||
* the device driver is unbinding from an address space.
|
||
*
|
||
*
|
||
* void device_unbind_address_space(struct device_address_space *das)
|
||
* {
|
||
* // Device driver specific cleanup
|
||
* ...
|
||
*
|
||
* hmm_mirror_unregister(&das->mirror);
|
||
*
|
||
* // Other device driver specific cleanup, and now das can be freed
|
||
* ...
|
||
* }
|
||
*/
|
||
|
||
struct hmm_mirror;
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* enum hmm_update_type - type of update
|
||
* @HMM_UPDATE_INVALIDATE: invalidate range (no indication as to why)
|
||
*/
|
||
enum hmm_update_type {
|
||
HMM_UPDATE_INVALIDATE,
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* struct hmm_mirror_ops - HMM mirror device operations callback
|
||
*
|
||
* @update: callback to update range on a device
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_mirror_ops {
|
||
/* sync_cpu_device_pagetables() - synchronize page tables
|
||
*
|
||
* @mirror: pointer to struct hmm_mirror
|
||
* @update_type: type of update that occurred to the CPU page table
|
||
* @start: virtual start address of the range to update
|
||
* @end: virtual end address of the range to update
|
||
*
|
||
* This callback ultimately originates from mmu_notifiers when the CPU
|
||
* page table is updated. The device driver must update its page table
|
||
* in response to this callback. The update argument tells what action
|
||
* to perform.
|
||
*
|
||
* The device driver must not return from this callback until the device
|
||
* page tables are completely updated (TLBs flushed, etc); this is a
|
||
* synchronous call.
|
||
*/
|
||
void (*sync_cpu_device_pagetables)(struct hmm_mirror *mirror,
|
||
enum hmm_update_type update_type,
|
||
unsigned long start,
|
||
unsigned long end);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* struct hmm_mirror - mirror struct for a device driver
|
||
*
|
||
* @hmm: pointer to struct hmm (which is unique per mm_struct)
|
||
* @ops: device driver callback for HMM mirror operations
|
||
* @list: for list of mirrors of a given mm
|
||
*
|
||
* Each address space (mm_struct) being mirrored by a device must register one
|
||
* instance of an hmm_mirror struct with HMM. HMM will track the list of all
|
||
* mirrors for each mm_struct.
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_mirror {
|
||
struct hmm *hmm;
|
||
const struct hmm_mirror_ops *ops;
|
||
struct list_head list;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
int hmm_mirror_register(struct hmm_mirror *mirror, struct mm_struct *mm);
|
||
void hmm_mirror_unregister(struct hmm_mirror *mirror);
|
||
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* struct hmm_range - track invalidation lock on virtual address range
|
||
*
|
||
* @list: all range lock are on a list
|
||
* @start: range virtual start address (inclusive)
|
||
* @end: range virtual end address (exclusive)
|
||
* @pfns: array of pfns (big enough for the range)
|
||
* @valid: pfns array did not change since it has been fill by an HMM function
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_range {
|
||
struct list_head list;
|
||
unsigned long start;
|
||
unsigned long end;
|
||
hmm_pfn_t *pfns;
|
||
bool valid;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* To snapshot the CPU page table, call hmm_vma_get_pfns(), then take a device
|
||
* driver lock that serializes device page table updates, then call
|
||
* hmm_vma_range_done(), to check if the snapshot is still valid. The same
|
||
* device driver page table update lock must also be used in the
|
||
* hmm_mirror_ops.sync_cpu_device_pagetables() callback, so that CPU page
|
||
* table invalidation serializes on it.
|
||
*
|
||
* YOU MUST CALL hmm_vma_range_done() ONCE AND ONLY ONCE EACH TIME YOU CALL
|
||
* hmm_vma_get_pfns() WITHOUT ERROR !
|
||
*
|
||
* IF YOU DO NOT FOLLOW THE ABOVE RULE THE SNAPSHOT CONTENT MIGHT BE INVALID !
|
||
*/
|
||
int hmm_vma_get_pfns(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
|
||
struct hmm_range *range,
|
||
unsigned long start,
|
||
unsigned long end,
|
||
hmm_pfn_t *pfns);
|
||
bool hmm_vma_range_done(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct hmm_range *range);
|
||
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* Fault memory on behalf of device driver. Unlike handle_mm_fault(), this will
|
||
* not migrate any device memory back to system memory. The hmm_pfn_t array will
|
||
* be updated with the fault result and current snapshot of the CPU page table
|
||
* for the range.
|
||
*
|
||
* The mmap_sem must be taken in read mode before entering and it might be
|
||
* dropped by the function if the block argument is false. In that case, the
|
||
* function returns -EAGAIN.
|
||
*
|
||
* Return value does not reflect if the fault was successful for every single
|
||
* address or not. Therefore, the caller must to inspect the hmm_pfn_t array to
|
||
* determine fault status for each address.
|
||
*
|
||
* Trying to fault inside an invalid vma will result in -EINVAL.
|
||
*
|
||
* See the function description in mm/hmm.c for further documentation.
|
||
*/
|
||
int hmm_vma_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
|
||
struct hmm_range *range,
|
||
unsigned long start,
|
||
unsigned long end,
|
||
hmm_pfn_t *pfns,
|
||
bool write,
|
||
bool block);
|
||
#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM_MIRROR) */
|
||
|
||
|
||
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEVICE_PRIVATE) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEVICE_PUBLIC)
|
||
struct hmm_devmem;
|
||
|
||
struct page *hmm_vma_alloc_locked_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
|
||
unsigned long addr);
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* struct hmm_devmem_ops - callback for ZONE_DEVICE memory events
|
||
*
|
||
* @free: call when refcount on page reach 1 and thus is no longer use
|
||
* @fault: call when there is a page fault to unaddressable memory
|
||
*
|
||
* Both callback happens from page_free() and page_fault() callback of struct
|
||
* dev_pagemap respectively. See include/linux/memremap.h for more details on
|
||
* those.
|
||
*
|
||
* The hmm_devmem_ops callback are just here to provide a coherent and
|
||
* uniq API to device driver and device driver should not register their
|
||
* own page_free() or page_fault() but rely on the hmm_devmem_ops call-
|
||
* back.
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_devmem_ops {
|
||
/*
|
||
* free() - free a device page
|
||
* @devmem: device memory structure (see struct hmm_devmem)
|
||
* @page: pointer to struct page being freed
|
||
*
|
||
* Call back occurs whenever a device page refcount reach 1 which
|
||
* means that no one is holding any reference on the page anymore
|
||
* (ZONE_DEVICE page have an elevated refcount of 1 as default so
|
||
* that they are not release to the general page allocator).
|
||
*
|
||
* Note that callback has exclusive ownership of the page (as no
|
||
* one is holding any reference).
|
||
*/
|
||
void (*free)(struct hmm_devmem *devmem, struct page *page);
|
||
/*
|
||
* fault() - CPU page fault or get user page (GUP)
|
||
* @devmem: device memory structure (see struct hmm_devmem)
|
||
* @vma: virtual memory area containing the virtual address
|
||
* @addr: virtual address that faulted or for which there is a GUP
|
||
* @page: pointer to struct page backing virtual address (unreliable)
|
||
* @flags: FAULT_FLAG_* (see include/linux/mm.h)
|
||
* @pmdp: page middle directory
|
||
* Returns: VM_FAULT_MINOR/MAJOR on success or one of VM_FAULT_ERROR
|
||
* on error
|
||
*
|
||
* The callback occurs whenever there is a CPU page fault or GUP on a
|
||
* virtual address. This means that the device driver must migrate the
|
||
* page back to regular memory (CPU accessible).
|
||
*
|
||
* The device driver is free to migrate more than one page from the
|
||
* fault() callback as an optimization. However if device decide to
|
||
* migrate more than one page it must always priotirize the faulting
|
||
* address over the others.
|
||
*
|
||
* The struct page pointer is only given as an hint to allow quick
|
||
* lookup of internal device driver data. A concurrent migration
|
||
* might have already free that page and the virtual address might
|
||
* not longer be back by it. So it should not be modified by the
|
||
* callback.
|
||
*
|
||
* Note that mmap semaphore is held in read mode at least when this
|
||
* callback occurs, hence the vma is valid upon callback entry.
|
||
*/
|
||
int (*fault)(struct hmm_devmem *devmem,
|
||
struct vm_area_struct *vma,
|
||
unsigned long addr,
|
||
const struct page *page,
|
||
unsigned int flags,
|
||
pmd_t *pmdp);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* struct hmm_devmem - track device memory
|
||
*
|
||
* @completion: completion object for device memory
|
||
* @pfn_first: first pfn for this resource (set by hmm_devmem_add())
|
||
* @pfn_last: last pfn for this resource (set by hmm_devmem_add())
|
||
* @resource: IO resource reserved for this chunk of memory
|
||
* @pagemap: device page map for that chunk
|
||
* @device: device to bind resource to
|
||
* @ops: memory operations callback
|
||
* @ref: per CPU refcount
|
||
*
|
||
* This an helper structure for device drivers that do not wish to implement
|
||
* the gory details related to hotplugging new memoy and allocating struct
|
||
* pages.
|
||
*
|
||
* Device drivers can directly use ZONE_DEVICE memory on their own if they
|
||
* wish to do so.
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_devmem {
|
||
struct completion completion;
|
||
unsigned long pfn_first;
|
||
unsigned long pfn_last;
|
||
struct resource *resource;
|
||
struct device *device;
|
||
struct dev_pagemap pagemap;
|
||
const struct hmm_devmem_ops *ops;
|
||
struct percpu_ref ref;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* To add (hotplug) device memory, HMM assumes that there is no real resource
|
||
* that reserves a range in the physical address space (this is intended to be
|
||
* use by unaddressable device memory). It will reserve a physical range big
|
||
* enough and allocate struct page for it.
|
||
*
|
||
* The device driver can wrap the hmm_devmem struct inside a private device
|
||
* driver struct. The device driver must call hmm_devmem_remove() before the
|
||
* device goes away and before freeing the hmm_devmem struct memory.
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_devmem *hmm_devmem_add(const struct hmm_devmem_ops *ops,
|
||
struct device *device,
|
||
unsigned long size);
|
||
struct hmm_devmem *hmm_devmem_add_resource(const struct hmm_devmem_ops *ops,
|
||
struct device *device,
|
||
struct resource *res);
|
||
void hmm_devmem_remove(struct hmm_devmem *devmem);
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_devmem_page_set_drvdata - set per-page driver data field
|
||
*
|
||
* @page: pointer to struct page
|
||
* @data: driver data value to set
|
||
*
|
||
* Because page can not be on lru we have an unsigned long that driver can use
|
||
* to store a per page field. This just a simple helper to do that.
|
||
*/
|
||
static inline void hmm_devmem_page_set_drvdata(struct page *page,
|
||
unsigned long data)
|
||
{
|
||
unsigned long *drvdata = (unsigned long *)&page->pgmap;
|
||
|
||
drvdata[1] = data;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* hmm_devmem_page_get_drvdata - get per page driver data field
|
||
*
|
||
* @page: pointer to struct page
|
||
* Return: driver data value
|
||
*/
|
||
static inline unsigned long hmm_devmem_page_get_drvdata(const struct page *page)
|
||
{
|
||
const unsigned long *drvdata = (const unsigned long *)&page->pgmap;
|
||
|
||
return drvdata[1];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* struct hmm_device - fake device to hang device memory onto
|
||
*
|
||
* @device: device struct
|
||
* @minor: device minor number
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_device {
|
||
struct device device;
|
||
unsigned int minor;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
/*
|
||
* A device driver that wants to handle multiple devices memory through a
|
||
* single fake device can use hmm_device to do so. This is purely a helper and
|
||
* it is not strictly needed, in order to make use of any HMM functionality.
|
||
*/
|
||
struct hmm_device *hmm_device_new(void *drvdata);
|
||
void hmm_device_put(struct hmm_device *hmm_device);
|
||
#endif /* CONFIG_DEVICE_PRIVATE || CONFIG_DEVICE_PUBLIC */
|
||
#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM) */
|
||
|
||
/* Below are for HMM internal use only! Not to be used by device driver! */
|
||
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM_MIRROR)
|
||
void hmm_mm_destroy(struct mm_struct *mm);
|
||
|
||
static inline void hmm_mm_init(struct mm_struct *mm)
|
||
{
|
||
mm->hmm = NULL;
|
||
}
|
||
#else /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM_MIRROR) */
|
||
static inline void hmm_mm_destroy(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
|
||
static inline void hmm_mm_init(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
|
||
#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM_MIRROR) */
|
||
|
||
|
||
#else /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HMM) */
|
||
static inline void hmm_mm_destroy(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
|
||
static inline void hmm_mm_init(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
|
||
#endif /* LINUX_HMM_H */
|