193 lines
8.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
193 lines
8.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
==========================
|
|
Coresight CPU Debug Module
|
|
==========================
|
|
|
|
:Author: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org>
|
|
:Date: April 5th, 2017
|
|
|
|
Introduction
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
Coresight CPU debug module is defined in ARMv8-a architecture reference manual
|
|
(ARM DDI 0487A.k) Chapter 'Part H: External debug', the CPU can integrate
|
|
debug module and it is mainly used for two modes: self-hosted debug and
|
|
external debug. Usually the external debug mode is well known as the external
|
|
debugger connects with SoC from JTAG port; on the other hand the program can
|
|
explore debugging method which rely on self-hosted debug mode, this document
|
|
is to focus on this part.
|
|
|
|
The debug module provides sample-based profiling extension, which can be used
|
|
to sample CPU program counter, secure state and exception level, etc; usually
|
|
every CPU has one dedicated debug module to be connected. Based on self-hosted
|
|
debug mechanism, Linux kernel can access these related registers from mmio
|
|
region when the kernel panic happens. The callback notifier for kernel panic
|
|
will dump related registers for every CPU; finally this is good for assistant
|
|
analysis for panic.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Implementation
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
- During driver registration, it uses EDDEVID and EDDEVID1 - two device ID
|
|
registers to decide if sample-based profiling is implemented or not. On some
|
|
platforms this hardware feature is fully or partially implemented; and if
|
|
this feature is not supported then registration will fail.
|
|
|
|
- At the time this documentation was written, the debug driver mainly relies on
|
|
information gathered by the kernel panic callback notifier from three
|
|
sampling registers: EDPCSR, EDVIDSR and EDCIDSR: from EDPCSR we can get
|
|
program counter; EDVIDSR has information for secure state, exception level,
|
|
bit width, etc; EDCIDSR is context ID value which contains the sampled value
|
|
of CONTEXTIDR_EL1.
|
|
|
|
- The driver supports a CPU running in either AArch64 or AArch32 mode. The
|
|
registers naming convention is a bit different between them, AArch64 uses
|
|
'ED' for register prefix (ARM DDI 0487A.k, chapter H9.1) and AArch32 uses
|
|
'DBG' as prefix (ARM DDI 0487A.k, chapter G5.1). The driver is unified to
|
|
use AArch64 naming convention.
|
|
|
|
- ARMv8-a (ARM DDI 0487A.k) and ARMv7-a (ARM DDI 0406C.b) have different
|
|
register bits definition. So the driver consolidates two difference:
|
|
|
|
If PCSROffset=0b0000, on ARMv8-a the feature of EDPCSR is not implemented;
|
|
but ARMv7-a defines "PCSR samples are offset by a value that depends on the
|
|
instruction set state". For ARMv7-a, the driver checks furthermore if CPU
|
|
runs with ARM or thumb instruction set and calibrate PCSR value, the
|
|
detailed description for offset is in ARMv7-a ARM (ARM DDI 0406C.b) chapter
|
|
C11.11.34 "DBGPCSR, Program Counter Sampling Register".
|
|
|
|
If PCSROffset=0b0010, ARMv8-a defines "EDPCSR implemented, and samples have
|
|
no offset applied and do not sample the instruction set state in AArch32
|
|
state". So on ARMv8 if EDDEVID1.PCSROffset is 0b0010 and the CPU operates
|
|
in AArch32 state, EDPCSR is not sampled; when the CPU operates in AArch64
|
|
state EDPCSR is sampled and no offset are applied.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Clock and power domain
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
Before accessing debug registers, we should ensure the clock and power domain
|
|
have been enabled properly. In ARMv8-a ARM (ARM DDI 0487A.k) chapter 'H9.1
|
|
Debug registers', the debug registers are spread into two domains: the debug
|
|
domain and the CPU domain.
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
+---------------+
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
|
+----------+--+ |
|
|
dbg_clock -->| |**| |<-- cpu_clock
|
|
| Debug |**| CPU |
|
|
dbg_power_domain -->| |**| |<-- cpu_power_domain
|
|
+----------+--+ |
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
|
+---------------+
|
|
|
|
For debug domain, the user uses DT binding "clocks" and "power-domains" to
|
|
specify the corresponding clock source and power supply for the debug logic.
|
|
The driver calls the pm_runtime_{put|get} operations as needed to handle the
|
|
debug power domain.
|
|
|
|
For CPU domain, the different SoC designs have different power management
|
|
schemes and finally this heavily impacts external debug module. So we can
|
|
divide into below cases:
|
|
|
|
- On systems with a sane power controller which can behave correctly with
|
|
respect to CPU power domain, the CPU power domain can be controlled by
|
|
register EDPRCR in driver. The driver firstly writes bit EDPRCR.COREPURQ
|
|
to power up the CPU, and then writes bit EDPRCR.CORENPDRQ for emulation
|
|
of CPU power down. As result, this can ensure the CPU power domain is
|
|
powered on properly during the period when access debug related registers;
|
|
|
|
- Some designs will power down an entire cluster if all CPUs on the cluster
|
|
are powered down - including the parts of the debug registers that should
|
|
remain powered in the debug power domain. The bits in EDPRCR are not
|
|
respected in these cases, so these designs do not support debug over
|
|
power down in the way that the CoreSight / Debug designers anticipated.
|
|
This means that even checking EDPRSR has the potential to cause a bus hang
|
|
if the target register is unpowered.
|
|
|
|
In this case, accessing to the debug registers while they are not powered
|
|
is a recipe for disaster; so we need preventing CPU low power states at boot
|
|
time or when user enable module at the run time. Please see chapter
|
|
"How to use the module" for detailed usage info for this.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Device Tree Bindings
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
See Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/coresight-cpu-debug.txt for details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
How to use the module
|
|
---------------------
|
|
|
|
If you want to enable debugging functionality at boot time, you can add
|
|
"coresight_cpu_debug.enable=1" to the kernel command line parameter.
|
|
|
|
The driver also can work as module, so can enable the debugging when insmod
|
|
module::
|
|
|
|
# insmod coresight_cpu_debug.ko debug=1
|
|
|
|
When boot time or insmod module you have not enabled the debugging, the driver
|
|
uses the debugfs file system to provide a knob to dynamically enable or disable
|
|
debugging:
|
|
|
|
To enable it, write a '1' into /sys/kernel/debug/coresight_cpu_debug/enable::
|
|
|
|
# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/coresight_cpu_debug/enable
|
|
|
|
To disable it, write a '0' into /sys/kernel/debug/coresight_cpu_debug/enable::
|
|
|
|
# echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/coresight_cpu_debug/enable
|
|
|
|
As explained in chapter "Clock and power domain", if you are working on one
|
|
platform which has idle states to power off debug logic and the power
|
|
controller cannot work well for the request from EDPRCR, then you should
|
|
firstly constraint CPU idle states before enable CPU debugging feature; so can
|
|
ensure the accessing to debug logic.
|
|
|
|
If you want to limit idle states at boot time, you can use "nohlt" or
|
|
"cpuidle.off=1" in the kernel command line.
|
|
|
|
At the runtime you can disable idle states with below methods:
|
|
|
|
It is possible to disable CPU idle states by way of the PM QoS
|
|
subsystem, more specifically by using the "/dev/cpu_dma_latency"
|
|
interface (see Documentation/power/pm_qos_interface.rst for more
|
|
details). As specified in the PM QoS documentation the requested
|
|
parameter will stay in effect until the file descriptor is released.
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
# exec 3<> /dev/cpu_dma_latency; echo 0 >&3
|
|
...
|
|
Do some work...
|
|
...
|
|
# exec 3<>-
|
|
|
|
The same can also be done from an application program.
|
|
|
|
Disable specific CPU's specific idle state from cpuidle sysfs (see
|
|
Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpuidle.rst)::
|
|
|
|
# echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu$cpu/cpuidle/state$state/disable
|
|
|
|
Output format
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
Here is an example of the debugging output format::
|
|
|
|
ARM external debug module:
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 850000.debug: CPU[0]:
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 850000.debug: EDPRSR: 00000001 (Power:On DLK:Unlock)
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 850000.debug: EDPCSR: handle_IPI+0x174/0x1d8
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 850000.debug: EDCIDSR: 00000000
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 850000.debug: EDVIDSR: 90000000 (State:Non-secure Mode:EL1/0 Width:64bits VMID:0)
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 852000.debug: CPU[1]:
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 852000.debug: EDPRSR: 00000001 (Power:On DLK:Unlock)
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 852000.debug: EDPCSR: debug_notifier_call+0x23c/0x358
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 852000.debug: EDCIDSR: 00000000
|
|
coresight-cpu-debug 852000.debug: EDVIDSR: 90000000 (State:Non-secure Mode:EL1/0 Width:64bits VMID:0)
|