403 lines
10 KiB
C
403 lines
10 KiB
C
/*
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* I2C multiplexer driver for PCA9541 bus master selector
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*
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* Copyright (c) 2010 Ericsson AB.
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*
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* Author: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
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*
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* Derived from:
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* pca954x.c
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*
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* Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it>
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* Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Eurotech S.p.A. <info@eurotech.it>
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*
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* This file is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public
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* License version 2. This program is licensed "as is" without any
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* warranty of any kind, whether express or implied.
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*/
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#include <linux/delay.h>
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#include <linux/device.h>
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#include <linux/i2c.h>
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#include <linux/i2c-mux.h>
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#include <linux/jiffies.h>
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#include <linux/module.h>
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#include <linux/platform_data/pca954x.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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/*
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* The PCA9541 is a bus master selector. It supports two I2C masters connected
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* to a single slave bus.
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*
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* Before each bus transaction, a master has to acquire bus ownership. After the
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* transaction is complete, bus ownership has to be released. This fits well
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* into the I2C multiplexer framework, which provides select and release
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* functions for this purpose. For this reason, this driver is modeled as
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* single-channel I2C bus multiplexer.
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*
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* This driver assumes that the two bus masters are controlled by two different
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* hosts. If a single host controls both masters, platform code has to ensure
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* that only one of the masters is instantiated at any given time.
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*/
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#define PCA9541_CONTROL 0x01
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT 0x02
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#define PCA9541_CTL_MYBUS (1 << 0)
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#define PCA9541_CTL_NMYBUS (1 << 1)
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#define PCA9541_CTL_BUSON (1 << 2)
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#define PCA9541_CTL_NBUSON (1 << 3)
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#define PCA9541_CTL_BUSINIT (1 << 4)
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#define PCA9541_CTL_TESTON (1 << 6)
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#define PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON (1 << 7)
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT_INTIN (1 << 0)
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT_BUSINIT (1 << 1)
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT_BUSOK (1 << 2)
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT_BUSLOST (1 << 3)
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT_MYTEST (1 << 6)
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#define PCA9541_ISTAT_NMYTEST (1 << 7)
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#define BUSON (PCA9541_CTL_BUSON | PCA9541_CTL_NBUSON)
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#define MYBUS (PCA9541_CTL_MYBUS | PCA9541_CTL_NMYBUS)
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#define mybus(x) (!((x) & MYBUS) || ((x) & MYBUS) == MYBUS)
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#define busoff(x) (!((x) & BUSON) || ((x) & BUSON) == BUSON)
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/* arbitration timeouts, in jiffies */
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#define ARB_TIMEOUT (HZ / 8) /* 125 ms until forcing bus ownership */
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#define ARB2_TIMEOUT (HZ / 4) /* 250 ms until acquisition failure */
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/* arbitration retry delays, in us */
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#define SELECT_DELAY_SHORT 50
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#define SELECT_DELAY_LONG 1000
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struct pca9541 {
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struct i2c_client *client;
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unsigned long select_timeout;
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unsigned long arb_timeout;
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};
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static const struct i2c_device_id pca9541_id[] = {
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{"pca9541", 0},
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{}
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};
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MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c, pca9541_id);
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#ifdef CONFIG_OF
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static const struct of_device_id pca9541_of_match[] = {
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{ .compatible = "nxp,pca9541" },
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{}
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};
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MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, pca9541_of_match);
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#endif
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/*
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* Write to chip register. Don't use i2c_transfer()/i2c_smbus_xfer()
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* as they will try to lock the adapter a second time.
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*/
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static int pca9541_reg_write(struct i2c_client *client, u8 command, u8 val)
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{
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struct i2c_adapter *adap = client->adapter;
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int ret;
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if (adap->algo->master_xfer) {
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struct i2c_msg msg;
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char buf[2];
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msg.addr = client->addr;
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msg.flags = 0;
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msg.len = 2;
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buf[0] = command;
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buf[1] = val;
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msg.buf = buf;
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ret = __i2c_transfer(adap, &msg, 1);
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} else {
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union i2c_smbus_data data;
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data.byte = val;
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ret = adap->algo->smbus_xfer(adap, client->addr,
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client->flags,
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I2C_SMBUS_WRITE,
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command,
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I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA, &data);
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}
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return ret;
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}
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/*
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* Read from chip register. Don't use i2c_transfer()/i2c_smbus_xfer()
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* as they will try to lock adapter a second time.
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*/
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static int pca9541_reg_read(struct i2c_client *client, u8 command)
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{
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struct i2c_adapter *adap = client->adapter;
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int ret;
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u8 val;
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if (adap->algo->master_xfer) {
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struct i2c_msg msg[2] = {
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{
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.addr = client->addr,
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.flags = 0,
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.len = 1,
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.buf = &command
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},
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{
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.addr = client->addr,
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.flags = I2C_M_RD,
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.len = 1,
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.buf = &val
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}
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};
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ret = __i2c_transfer(adap, msg, 2);
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if (ret == 2)
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ret = val;
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else if (ret >= 0)
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ret = -EIO;
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} else {
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union i2c_smbus_data data;
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ret = adap->algo->smbus_xfer(adap, client->addr,
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client->flags,
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I2C_SMBUS_READ,
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command,
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I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA, &data);
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if (!ret)
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ret = data.byte;
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}
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return ret;
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}
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/*
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* Arbitration management functions
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*/
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/* Release bus. Also reset NTESTON and BUSINIT if it was set. */
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static void pca9541_release_bus(struct i2c_client *client)
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{
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int reg;
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reg = pca9541_reg_read(client, PCA9541_CONTROL);
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if (reg >= 0 && !busoff(reg) && mybus(reg))
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pca9541_reg_write(client, PCA9541_CONTROL,
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(reg & PCA9541_CTL_NBUSON) >> 1);
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}
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/*
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* Arbitration is defined as a two-step process. A bus master can only activate
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* the slave bus if it owns it; otherwise it has to request ownership first.
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* This multi-step process ensures that access contention is resolved
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* gracefully.
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*
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* Bus Ownership Other master Action
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* state requested access
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* ----------------------------------------------------
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* off - yes wait for arbitration timeout or
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* for other master to drop request
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* off no no take ownership
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* off yes no turn on bus
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* on yes - done
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* on no - wait for arbitration timeout or
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* for other master to release bus
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*
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* The main contention point occurs if the slave bus is off and both masters
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* request ownership at the same time. In this case, one master will turn on
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* the slave bus, believing that it owns it. The other master will request
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* bus ownership. Result is that the bus is turned on, and master which did
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* _not_ own the slave bus before ends up owning it.
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*/
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/* Control commands per PCA9541 datasheet */
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static const u8 pca9541_control[16] = {
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4, 0, 1, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 4, 5, 1
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};
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/*
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* Channel arbitration
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*
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* Return values:
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* <0: error
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* 0 : bus not acquired
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* 1 : bus acquired
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*/
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static int pca9541_arbitrate(struct i2c_client *client)
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{
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struct i2c_mux_core *muxc = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
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struct pca9541 *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
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int reg;
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reg = pca9541_reg_read(client, PCA9541_CONTROL);
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if (reg < 0)
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return reg;
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if (busoff(reg)) {
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int istat;
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/*
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* Bus is off. Request ownership or turn it on unless
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* other master requested ownership.
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*/
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istat = pca9541_reg_read(client, PCA9541_ISTAT);
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if (!(istat & PCA9541_ISTAT_NMYTEST)
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|| time_is_before_eq_jiffies(data->arb_timeout)) {
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/*
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* Other master did not request ownership,
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* or arbitration timeout expired. Take the bus.
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*/
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pca9541_reg_write(client,
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PCA9541_CONTROL,
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pca9541_control[reg & 0x0f]
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| PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON);
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data->select_timeout = SELECT_DELAY_SHORT;
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} else {
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/*
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* Other master requested ownership.
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* Set extra long timeout to give it time to acquire it.
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*/
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data->select_timeout = SELECT_DELAY_LONG * 2;
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}
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} else if (mybus(reg)) {
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/*
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* Bus is on, and we own it. We are done with acquisition.
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* Reset NTESTON and BUSINIT, then return success.
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*/
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if (reg & (PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON | PCA9541_CTL_BUSINIT))
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pca9541_reg_write(client,
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PCA9541_CONTROL,
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reg & ~(PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON
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| PCA9541_CTL_BUSINIT));
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return 1;
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} else {
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/*
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* Other master owns the bus.
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* If arbitration timeout has expired, force ownership.
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* Otherwise request it.
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*/
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data->select_timeout = SELECT_DELAY_LONG;
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if (time_is_before_eq_jiffies(data->arb_timeout)) {
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/* Time is up, take the bus and reset it. */
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pca9541_reg_write(client,
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PCA9541_CONTROL,
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pca9541_control[reg & 0x0f]
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| PCA9541_CTL_BUSINIT
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| PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON);
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} else {
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/* Request bus ownership if needed */
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if (!(reg & PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON))
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pca9541_reg_write(client,
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PCA9541_CONTROL,
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reg | PCA9541_CTL_NTESTON);
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}
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static int pca9541_select_chan(struct i2c_mux_core *muxc, u32 chan)
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{
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struct pca9541 *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
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struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
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int ret;
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unsigned long timeout = jiffies + ARB2_TIMEOUT;
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/* give up after this time */
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data->arb_timeout = jiffies + ARB_TIMEOUT;
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/* force bus ownership after this time */
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do {
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ret = pca9541_arbitrate(client);
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if (ret)
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return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
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if (data->select_timeout == SELECT_DELAY_SHORT)
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udelay(data->select_timeout);
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else
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msleep(data->select_timeout / 1000);
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} while (time_is_after_eq_jiffies(timeout));
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return -ETIMEDOUT;
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}
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static int pca9541_release_chan(struct i2c_mux_core *muxc, u32 chan)
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{
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struct pca9541 *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
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struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
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pca9541_release_bus(client);
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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* I2C init/probing/exit functions
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*/
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static int pca9541_probe(struct i2c_client *client,
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const struct i2c_device_id *id)
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{
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struct i2c_adapter *adap = client->adapter;
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struct pca954x_platform_data *pdata = dev_get_platdata(&client->dev);
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struct i2c_mux_core *muxc;
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struct pca9541 *data;
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int force;
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int ret;
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if (!i2c_check_functionality(adap, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA))
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return -ENODEV;
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/*
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* I2C accesses are unprotected here.
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* We have to lock the adapter before releasing the bus.
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*/
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i2c_lock_adapter(adap);
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pca9541_release_bus(client);
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i2c_unlock_adapter(adap);
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/* Create mux adapter */
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force = 0;
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if (pdata)
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force = pdata->modes[0].adap_id;
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muxc = i2c_mux_alloc(adap, &client->dev, 1, sizeof(*data),
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I2C_MUX_ARBITRATOR,
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pca9541_select_chan, pca9541_release_chan);
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if (!muxc)
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return -ENOMEM;
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data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
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data->client = client;
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i2c_set_clientdata(client, muxc);
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ret = i2c_mux_add_adapter(muxc, force, 0, 0);
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if (ret)
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return ret;
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dev_info(&client->dev, "registered master selector for I2C %s\n",
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client->name);
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return 0;
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}
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static int pca9541_remove(struct i2c_client *client)
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{
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struct i2c_mux_core *muxc = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
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i2c_mux_del_adapters(muxc);
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return 0;
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}
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static struct i2c_driver pca9541_driver = {
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.driver = {
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.name = "pca9541",
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.of_match_table = of_match_ptr(pca9541_of_match),
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},
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.probe = pca9541_probe,
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.remove = pca9541_remove,
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.id_table = pca9541_id,
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};
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module_i2c_driver(pca9541_driver);
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MODULE_AUTHOR("Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>");
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MODULE_DESCRIPTION("PCA9541 I2C master selector driver");
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MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
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