try_preserve_large_page() can be slightly simplified by using
the new page_level_*() helpers. This also moves the 'level'
over to the new pg_level enum type.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130122212432.14F3D993@kernel.stglabs.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
This reverts commit bd52276fa1 ("x86-64/efi: Use EFI to deal with
platform wall clock (again)"), and the two supporting commits:
da5a108d05b4: "x86/kernel: remove tboot 1:1 page table creation code"
185034e72d59: "x86, efi: 1:1 pagetable mapping for virtual EFI calls")
as they all depend semantically on commit 53b87cf088 ("x86, mm:
Include the entire kernel memory map in trampoline_pgd") that got
reverted earlier due to the problems it caused.
This was pointed out by Yinghai Lu, and verified by me on my Macbook Air
that uses EFI.
Pointed-out-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are going to map ram only, so under max_low_pfn_mapped,
between 4g and max_pfn_mapped does not mean mapped at all.
Use pfn_range_is_mapped() directly.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1353123563-3103-13-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
When I made an attempt at separating __pa_symbol and __pa I found that there
were a number of cases where __pa was used on an obvious symbol.
I also caught one non-obvious case as _brk_start and _brk_end are based on the
address of __brk_base which is a C visible symbol.
In mark_rodata_ro I was able to reduce the overhead of kernel symbol to
virtual memory translation by using a combination of __va(__pa_symbol())
instead of page_address(virt_to_page()).
Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121116215640.8521.80483.stgit@ahduyck-cp1.jf.intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Other than ix86, x86-64 on EFI so far didn't set the
{g,s}et_wallclock accessors to the EFI routines, thus
incorrectly using raw RTC accesses instead.
Simply removing the #ifdef around the respective code isn't
enough, however: While so far early get-time calls were done in
physical mode, this doesn't work properly for x86-64, as virtual
addresses would still need to be set up for all runtime regions
(which wasn't the case on the system I have access to), so
instead the patch moves the call to efi_enter_virtual_mode()
ahead (which in turn allows to drop all code related to calling
efi-get-time in physical mode).
Additionally the earlier calling of efi_set_executable()
requires the CPA code to cope, i.e. during early boot it must be
avoided to call cpa_flush_array(), as the first thing this
function does is a BUG_ON(irqs_disabled()).
Also make the two EFI functions in question here static -
they're not being referenced elsewhere.
History:
This commit was originally merged as bacef661ac ("x86-64/efi:
Use EFI to deal with platform wall clock") but it resulted in some
ASUS machines no longer booting due to a firmware bug, and so was
reverted in f026cfa82f. A pre-emptive fix for the buggy ASUS
firmware was merged in 03a1c254975e ("x86, efi: 1:1 pagetable
mapping for virtual EFI calls") so now this patch can be
reapplied.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Tested-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com> [added commit history]
This reverts commit bacef661ac.
This commit has been found to cause serious regressions on a number of
ASUS machines at the least. We probably need to provide a 1:1 map in
addition to the EFI virtual memory map in order for this to work.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Reported-and-bisected-by: Jérôme Carretero <cJ-ko@zougloub.eu>
Cc: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120805172903.5f8bb24c@zougloub.eu
Pul x86/efi changes from Ingo Molnar:
"This tree adds an EFI bootloader handover protocol, which, once
supported on the bootloader side, will make bootup faster and might
result in simpler bootloaders.
The other change activates the EFI wall clock time accessors on x86-64
as well, instead of the legacy RTC readout."
* 'x86-efi-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86, efi: Handover Protocol
x86-64/efi: Use EFI to deal with platform wall clock
Fix kernel-doc warnings in arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c and
arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c, just like this one:
Warning(arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:204):
No description found for parameter 'phys_addr'
Warning(arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:204):
Excess function parameter 'offset' description in 'ioremap_nocache'
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwp.linux@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1339296652-2935-1-git-send-email-liwp.linux@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Other than ix86, x86-64 on EFI so far didn't set the
{g,s}et_wallclock accessors to the EFI routines, thus
incorrectly using raw RTC accesses instead.
Simply removing the #ifdef around the respective code isn't
enough, however: While so far early get-time calls were done in
physical mode, this doesn't work properly for x86-64, as virtual
addresses would still need to be set up for all runtime regions
(which wasn't the case on the system I have access to), so
instead the patch moves the call to efi_enter_virtual_mode()
ahead (which in turn allows to drop all code related to calling
efi-get-time in physical mode).
Additionally the earlier calling of efi_set_executable()
requires the CPA code to cope, i.e. during early boot it must be
avoided to call cpa_flush_array(), as the first thing this
function does is a BUG_ON(irqs_disabled()).
Also make the two EFI functions in question here static -
they're not being referenced elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Tested-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4FBFBF5F020000780008637F@nat28.tlf.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/numa: Add constraints check for nid parameters
mm, x86: Remove debug_pagealloc_enabled
x86/mm: Initialize high mem before free_all_bootmem()
arch/x86/kernel/e820.c: quiet sparse noise about plain integer as NULL pointer
arch/x86/kernel/e820.c: Eliminate bubble sort from sanitize_e820_map()
x86: Fix mmap random address range
x86, mm: Unify zone_sizes_init()
x86, mm: Prepare zone_sizes_init() for unification
x86, mm: Use max_low_pfn for ZONE_NORMAL on 64-bit
x86, mm: Wrap ZONE_DMA32 with CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
x86, mm: Use max_pfn instead of highend_pfn
x86, mm: Move zone init from paging_init() on 64-bit
x86, mm: Use MAX_DMA_PFN for ZONE_DMA on 32-bit
When (no)bootmem finish operation, it pass pages to buddy
allocator. Since debug_pagealloc_enabled is not set, we will do
not protect pages, what is not what we want with
CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=y.
To fix remove debug_pagealloc_enabled. That variable was
introduced by commit 12d6f21e "x86: do not PSE on
CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=y" to get more CPA (change page
attribude) code testing. But currently we have CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG,
which test CPA.
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1322582711-14571-1-git-send-email-sgruszka@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Local functions should be marked static. This also quiets the
following sparse noise:
warning: symbol '_set_memory_array' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: hartleys@visionengravers.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
They were generated by 'codespell' and then manually reviewed.
Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Cc: trivial@kernel.org
LKML-Reference: <1300389856-1099-3-git-send-email-lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
It's forbidden to take the page_table_lock with the irq disabled
or if there's contention the IPIs (for tlb flushes) sent with
the page_table_lock held will never run leading to a deadlock.
Nobody takes the pgd_lock from irq context so the _irqsave can be
removed.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <201102162345.p1GNjMjm021738@imap1.linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Xen want page table pages read only.
But the initial page table (from head_*.S) live in .data or .bss.
That was broken by 64edc8ed5f. There is
absolutely no reason to force these pages RW after they have already
been marked RO.
Signed-off-by: Matthieu CASTET <castet.matthieu@free.fr>
Tested-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
This patch expands functionality of CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA to set main
(static) kernel data area as NX.
The following steps are taken to achieve this:
1. Linker script is adjusted so .text always starts and ends on a page bound
2. Linker script is adjusted so .rodata always start and end on a page boundary
3. NX is set for all pages from _etext through _end in mark_rodata_ro.
4. free_init_pages() sets released memory NX in arch/x86/mm/init.c
5. bios rom is set to x when pcibios is used.
The results of patch application may be observed in the diff of kernel page
table dumps:
pcibios:
-- data_nx_pt_before.txt 2009-10-13 07:48:59.000000000 -0400
++ data_nx_pt_after.txt 2009-10-13 07:26:46.000000000 -0400
0x00000000-0xc0000000 3G pmd
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
-0xc0000000-0xc0100000 1M RW GLB x pte
+0xc0000000-0xc00a0000 640K RW GLB NX pte
+0xc00a0000-0xc0100000 384K RW GLB x pte
-0xc0100000-0xc03d7000 2908K ro GLB x pte
+0xc0100000-0xc0318000 2144K ro GLB x pte
+0xc0318000-0xc03d7000 764K ro GLB NX pte
-0xc03d7000-0xc0600000 2212K RW GLB x pte
+0xc03d7000-0xc0600000 2212K RW GLB NX pte
0xc0600000-0xf7a00000 884M RW PSE GLB NX pmd
0xf7a00000-0xf7bfe000 2040K RW GLB NX pte
0xf7bfe000-0xf7c00000 8K pte
No pcibios:
-- data_nx_pt_before.txt 2009-10-13 07:48:59.000000000 -0400
++ data_nx_pt_after.txt 2009-10-13 07:26:46.000000000 -0400
0x00000000-0xc0000000 3G pmd
---[ Kernel Mapping ]---
-0xc0000000-0xc0100000 1M RW GLB x pte
+0xc0000000-0xc0100000 1M RW GLB NX pte
-0xc0100000-0xc03d7000 2908K ro GLB x pte
+0xc0100000-0xc0318000 2144K ro GLB x pte
+0xc0318000-0xc03d7000 764K ro GLB NX pte
-0xc03d7000-0xc0600000 2212K RW GLB x pte
+0xc03d7000-0xc0600000 2212K RW GLB NX pte
0xc0600000-0xf7a00000 884M RW PSE GLB NX pmd
0xf7a00000-0xf7bfe000 2040K RW GLB NX pte
0xf7bfe000-0xf7c00000 8K pte
The patch has been originally developed for Linux 2.6.34-rc2 x86 by
Siarhei Liakh <sliakh.lkml@gmail.com> and Xuxian Jiang <jiang@cs.ncsu.edu>.
-v1: initial patch for 2.6.30
-v2: patch for 2.6.31-rc7
-v3: moved all code into arch/x86, adjusted credits
-v4: fixed ifdef, removed credits from CREDITS
-v5: fixed an address calculation bug in mark_nxdata_nx()
-v6: added acked-by and PT dump diff to commit log
-v7: minor adjustments for -tip
-v8: rework with the merge of "Set first MB as RW+NX"
Signed-off-by: Siarhei Liakh <sliakh.lkml@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Xuxian Jiang <jiang@cs.ncsu.edu>
Signed-off-by: Matthieu CASTET <castet.matthieu@free.fr>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <4CE2F82E.60601@free.fr>
[ minor cleanliness edits ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch fixes a bug in try_preserve_large_page() which may
result in improper large page preservation and improper
application of page attributes to the memory area outside of the
original change request.
More specifically, the problem manifests itself when set_memory_*()
is called for several pages at the beginning of the large page and
try_preserve_large_page() erroneously concludes that the change can
be applied to whole large page.
The fix consists of 3 parts:
1. Addition of "required" protection attributes in
static_protections(), so .data and .bss can be guaranteed to
stay "RW"
2. static_protections() is now called for every small
page within large page to determine compatibility of new
protection attributes (instead of just small pages within the
requested range).
3. Large page can be preserved only if attribute change is
large-page-aligned and covers whole large page.
-v1: Try_preserve_large_page() patch for Linux 2.6.34-rc2
-v2: Replaced pfn check with address check for kernel rw-data
Signed-off-by: Siarhei Liakh <sliakh.lkml@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Xuxian Jiang <jiang@cs.ncsu.edu>
Reviewed-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <4CE2F7F3.8030809@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* drm-ttm-pool:
drm/ttm: using kmalloc/kfree requires including slab.h
drm/ttm: include linux/seq_file.h for seq_printf
drm/ttm: Add sysfs interface to control pool allocator.
drm/ttm: Use set_pages_array_wc instead of set_memory_wc.
arch/x86: Add array variants for setting memory to wc caching.
drm/nouveau: Add ttm page pool debugfs file.
drm/radeon/kms: Add ttm page pool debugfs file.
drm/ttm: Add debugfs output entry to pool allocator.
drm/ttm: add pool wc/uc page allocator V3
Setting single memory pages at a time to wc takes a lot time in cache flush. To
reduce number of cache flush set_pages_array_wc and set_memory_array_wc can be
used to set multiple pages to WC with single cache flush.
This improves allocation performance for wc cached pages in drm/ttm.
CC: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
CC: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pauli Nieminen <suokkos@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
We currently enforce the !RW mapping for the kernel mapping that maps
holes between different text, rodata and data sections. However, kernel
identity mappings will have different RWX permissions to the pages mapping to
text and to the pages padding (which are freed) the text, rodata sections.
Hence kernel identity mappings will be broken to smaller pages. For 64-bit,
kernel text and kernel identity mappings are different, so we can enable
protection checks that come with CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA, as well as retain 2MB
large page mappings for kernel text.
Konrad reported a boot failure with the Linux Xen paravirt guest because of
this. In this paravirt guest case, the kernel text mapping and the kernel
identity mapping share the same page-table pages. Thus forcing the !RW mapping
for some of the kernel mappings also cause the kernel identity mappings to be
read-only resulting in the boot failure. Linux Xen paravirt guest also
uses 4k mappings and don't use 2M mapping.
Fix this issue and retain large page performance advantage for native kernels
by not working hard and not enforcing !RW for the kernel text mapping,
if the current mapping is already using small page mapping.
Reported-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <1266522700.2909.34.camel@sbs-t61.sc.intel.com>
Tested-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org [2.6.32, 2.6.33]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Make set_memory_x/set_memory_nx directly aware of if NX is supported
in the system or not, rather than requiring that every caller assesses
that support independently.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tim Starling <tstarling@wikimedia.org>
Cc: Hannes Eder <hannes@hanneseder.net>
LKML-Reference: <1258154897-6770-4-git-send-email-hpa@zytor.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
On x86_64, kernel text mappings are mapped read-only with
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA. So use the kernel identity mapping instead
of the kernel text mapping to modify the kernel text.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
LKML-Reference: <20091029024821.080941108@sbs-t61.sc.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Steven Rostedt reported that we are unconditionally making the
kernel text mapping as read-only. i.e., if someone does cpa() to
the kernel text area for setting/clearing any page table
attribute, we unconditionally clear the read-write attribute for
the kernel text mapping that is set at compile time.
We should delay (to forbid the write attribute) and enforce only
after the kernel has mapped the text as read-only.
Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
LKML-Reference: <20091029024820.996634347@sbs-t61.sc.intel.com>
[ marked kernel_set_to_readonly as __read_mostly ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The commit 74e081797b
x86-64: align RODATA kernel section to 2MB with CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
prevents text sections from becoming read/write using set_memory_rw.
The dynamic ftrace changes all text pages to read/write just before
converting the calls to tracing to nops, and vice versa.
I orginally just added a flag to allow this transaction when ftrace
did the change, but I also found that when the CPA testing was running
it would remove the read/write as well, and ftrace does not do the text
conversion on boot up, and the CPA changes caused the dynamic tracer
to fail on self tests.
The current solution I have is to simply not to prevent
change_page_attr from setting the RW bit for kernel text pages.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA chops the large pages spanning boundaries of kernel
text/rodata/data to small 4KB pages as they are mapped with different
attributes (text as RO, RODATA as RO and NX etc).
On x86_64, preserve the large page mappings for kernel text/rodata/data
boundaries when CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA is enabled. This is done by allowing the
RODATA section to be hugepage aligned and having same RWX attributes
for the 2MB page boundaries
Extra Memory pages padding the sections will be freed during the end of the boot
and the kernel identity mappings will have different RWX permissions compared to
the kernel text mappings.
Kernel identity mappings to these physical pages will be mapped with smaller
pages but large page mappings are still retained for kernel text,rodata,data
mappings.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20091014220254.190119924@sbs-t61.sc.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
* 'drm-intel-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/anholt/drm-intel: (57 commits)
drm/i915: Handle ERESTARTSYS during page fault
drm/i915: Warn before mmaping a purgeable buffer.
drm/i915: Track purged state.
drm/i915: Remove eviction debug spam
drm/i915: Immediately discard any backing storage for uneeded objects
drm/i915: Do not mis-classify clean objects as purgeable
drm/i915: Whitespace correction for madv
drm/i915: BUG_ON page refleak during unbind
drm/i915: Search harder for a reusable object
drm/i915: Clean up evict from list.
drm/i915: Add tracepoints
drm/i915: framebuffer compression for GM45+
drm/i915: split display functions by chip type
drm/i915: Skip the sanity checks if the current relocation is valid
drm/i915: Check that the relocation points to within the target
drm/i915: correct FBC update when pipe base update occurs
drm/i915: blacklist Acer AspireOne lid status
ACPI: make ACPI button funcs no-ops if not built in
drm/i915: prevent FIFO calculation overflows on 32 bits with high dotclocks
drm/i915: intel_display.c handle latency variable efficiently
...
Fix up trivial conflicts in drivers/gpu/drm/i915/{i915_dma.c|i915_drv.h}
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (46 commits)
powerpc64: convert to dynamic percpu allocator
sparc64: use embedding percpu first chunk allocator
percpu: kill lpage first chunk allocator
x86,percpu: use embedding for 64bit NUMA and page for 32bit NUMA
percpu: update embedding first chunk allocator to handle sparse units
percpu: use group information to allocate vmap areas sparsely
vmalloc: implement pcpu_get_vm_areas()
vmalloc: separate out insert_vmalloc_vm()
percpu: add chunk->base_addr
percpu: add pcpu_unit_offsets[]
percpu: introduce pcpu_alloc_info and pcpu_group_info
percpu: move pcpu_lpage_build_unit_map() and pcpul_lpage_dump_cfg() upward
percpu: add @align to pcpu_fc_alloc_fn_t
percpu: make @dyn_size mandatory for pcpu_setup_first_chunk()
percpu: drop @static_size from first chunk allocators
percpu: generalize first chunk allocator selection
percpu: build first chunk allocators selectively
percpu: rename 4k first chunk allocator to page
percpu: improve boot messages
percpu: fix pcpu_reclaim() locking
...
Fix trivial conflict as by Tejun Heo in kernel/sched.c
Ever since we enabled GEM, the pre-9xx chipsets (particularly 865) have had
serious stability issues. Back in May a wbinvd was added to the DRM to
work around much of the problem. Some failure remained -- easily visible
by dragging a window around on an X -retro desktop, or by looking at bugzilla.
The chipset flush was on the right track -- hitting the right amount of
memory, and it appears to be the only way to flush on these chipsets, but the
flush page was mapped uncached. As a result, the writes trying to clear the
writeback cache ended up bypassing the cache, and not flushing anything! The
wbinvd would flush out other writeback data and often cause the data we wanted
to get flushed, but not always. By removing the setting of the page to UC
and instead just clflushing the data we write to try to flush it, we get the
desired behavior with no wbinvd.
This exports clflush_cache_range(), which was laying around and happened to
basically match the code I was otherwise going to copy from the DRM.
Signed-off-by: Eric Anholt <eric@anholt.net>
Signed-off-by: Brice Goglin <Brice.Goglin@ens-lyon.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Fix address passed to cpa_flush_range() when changing page
attributes from WB to UC. The address (*addr) is
modified by __change_page_attr_set_clr(). The result is that
the pages being flushed start at the _end_ of the changed range
instead of the beginning.
This should be considered for 2.6.30-stable and 2.6.31-stable.
Signed-off-by: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Stable team <stable@kernel.org>
With x86 converted to embedding allocator, lpage doesn't have any user
left. Kill it along with cpa handling code.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Conflicts:
arch/sparc/kernel/smp_64.c
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_counter.c
arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c
mm/percpu.c
Conflicts in core and arch percpu codes are mostly from commit
ed78e1e078dd44249f88b1dd8c76dafb39567161 which substituted many
num_possible_cpus() with nr_cpu_ids. As for-next branch has moved all
the first chunk allocators into mm/percpu.c, the changes are moved
from arch code to mm/percpu.c.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
The code was incorrectly reserving memtypes using the page
virtual address instead of the physical address. Furthermore,
the code was not ignoring highmem pages as it ought to.
( upstream does not pass in highmem pages yet - but upcoming
graphics code will do it and there's no reason to not handle
this properly in the CPA APIs.)
Fixes: http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13884
Signed-off-by: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Acked-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: dri-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com
LKML-Reference: <1249284345-7654-1-git-send-email-thellstrom@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Changeset 3869c4aa18
that went in after 2.6.30-rc1 was a seemingly small change to _set_memory_wc()
to make it complaint with SDM requirements. But, introduced a nasty bug, which
can result in crash and/or strange corruptions when set_memory_wc is used.
One such crash reported here
http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/7/30/94
Actually, that changeset introduced two bugs.
* change_page_attr_set() takes &addr as first argument and can the addr value
might have changed on return, even for single page change_page_attr_set()
call. That will make the second change_page_attr_set() in this routine
operate on unrelated addr, that can eventually cause strange corruptions
and bad page state crash.
* The second change_page_attr_set() call, before setting _PAGE_CACHE_WC, should
clear the earlier _PAGE_CACHE_UC_MINUS, as otherwise cache attribute will not
be WC (will be UC instead).
The patch below fixes both these problems. Sending a single patch to fix both
the problems, as the change is to the same line of code. The change to have a
addr_copy is not very clean. But, it is simpler than making more changes
through various routines in pageattr.c.
A huge thanks to Jerome for reporting this problem and providing a simple test
case that helped us root cause the problem.
Reported-by: Jerome Glisse <glisse@freedesktop.org>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090730214319.GA1889@linux-os.sc.intel.com>
Acked-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Generalize and move x86 setup_pcpu_lpage() into
pcpu_lpage_first_chunk(). setup_pcpu_lpage() now is a simple wrapper
around the generalized version. Other than taking size parameters and
using arch supplied callbacks to allocate/free/map memory,
pcpu_lpage_first_chunk() is identical to the original implementation.
This simplifies arch code and will help converting more archs to
dynamic percpu allocator.
While at it, factor out pcpu_calc_fc_sizes() which is common to
pcpu_embed_first_chunk() and pcpu_lpage_first_chunk().
[ Impact: code reorganization and generalization ]
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
lpage allocator aliases a PMD page for each cpu and returns whatever
is unused to the page allocator. When the pageattr of the recycled
pages are changed, this makes the two aliases point to the overlapping
regions with different attributes which isn't allowed and known to
cause subtle data corruption in certain cases.
This can be handled in simliar manner to the x86_64 highmap alias.
pageattr code should detect if the target pages have PMD alias and
split the PMD alias and synchronize the attributes.
pcpur allocator is updated to keep the allocated PMD pages map sorted
in ascending address order and provide pcpu_lpage_remapped() function
which binary searches the array to determine whether the given address
is aliased and if so to which address. pageattr is updated to use
pcpu_lpage_remapped() to detect the PMD alias and split it up as
necessary from cpa_process_alias().
Jan Beulich spotted the original problem and incorrect usage of vaddr
instead of laddr for lookup.
With this, lpage percpu allocator should work correctly. Re-enable
it.
[ Impact: fix subtle lpage pageattr bug and re-enable lpage ]
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Reorganize cpa_process_alias() so that new alias condition can be
added easily.
Jan Beulich spotted problem in the original cleanup thread which
incorrectly assumed the two existing conditions were mutially
exclusive.
[ Impact: code reorganization ]
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
As these are allocated using the page allocator, we need to pass
__GFP_NOTRACK before we add page allocator support to kmemcheck.
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
* 'x86-xen-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (42 commits)
xen: cache cr0 value to avoid trap'n'emulate for read_cr0
xen/x86-64: clean up warnings about IST-using traps
xen/x86-64: fix breakpoints and hardware watchpoints
xen: reserve Xen start_info rather than e820 reserving
xen: add FIX_TEXT_POKE to fixmap
lguest: update lazy mmu changes to match lguest's use of kvm hypercalls
xen: honour VCPU availability on boot
xen: add "capabilities" file
xen: drop kexec bits from /sys/hypervisor since kexec isn't implemented yet
xen/sys/hypervisor: change writable_pt to features
xen: add /sys/hypervisor support
xen/xenbus: export xenbus_dev_changed
xen: use device model for suspending xenbus devices
xen: remove suspend_cancel hook
xen/dev-evtchn: clean up locking in evtchn
xen: export ioctl headers to userspace
xen: add /dev/xen/evtchn driver
xen: add irq_from_evtchn
xen: clean up gate trap/interrupt constants
xen: set _PAGE_NX in __supported_pte_mask before pagetable construction
...
Cleanup cpa_flush_array() to avoid back to back on_each_cpu() calls.
[ Impact: optimizes fix 0af48f42df ]
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
cpa_flush_array seems to prefer wbinvd() over clflush at 4M threshold.
clflush needs to be done on only one CPU as per instruction definition.
wbinvd() however, should be done on all CPUs.
[ Impact: fix missing flush which could cause data corruption ]
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
wbinvd is supported on all CPUs 486 or later. But,
pageattr.c is checking x86_model >= 4 before wbinvd(), which looks like
an oversight bug. It was first introduced at one place by changeset
d7c8f21a8c and got copied over to second
place in the same file later.
[ Impact: fix missing cache flush on early-model CPUs, potential data corruption ]
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Conflicts:
arch/frv/include/asm/pgtable.h
arch/x86/include/asm/required-features.h
arch/x86/xen/mmu.c
Merge reason: x86/xen was on a .29 base still, move it to a fresher
branch and pick up Xen fixes as well, plus resolve
conflicts
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
As per SDM, there should not be any aliasing of a WC with any cacheable
type across CPUs. That is if one CPU is changing the identity map
memtype to _WC, no other CPU at the time of this change should not have a
TLB for this page that carries a WB attribute. SDM suggests to make the
page not present. But for that we will have to handle any page faults
that can potentially happen due to these pages being not present.
Other way to deal with this without having any WB mapping is to change
the page first to UC and then to WC. This ensures that we meet the SDM
requirement of no cacheable alais to WC page. This also has same or
lower overhead than marking the page not present and making it present
later.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090409212708.797481000@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Handle faults and do proper cleanups in set_memory_*() functions. In
some cases, these functions were not doing proper free on failure paths.
With the changes to tracking memtype of RAM pages in struct page instead
of pat list, we do not need the changes in commits c5e147. This patch
reverts that change.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090409212708.653222000@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
To be free of aliasing due to races, set_memory_* interfaces should
follow ordering of reserving, changing memtype to UC/WC, changing
memtype back to WB followed by free.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090409212708.512280000@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* commit 'origin/master': (4825 commits)
Fix build errors due to CONFIG_BRANCH_TRACER=y
parport: Use the PCI IRQ if offered
tty: jsm cleanups
Adjust path to gpio headers
KGDB_SERIAL_CONSOLE check for module
Change KCONFIG name
tty: Blackin CTS/RTS
Change hardware flow control from poll to interrupt driven
Add support for the MAX3100 SPI UART.
lanana: assign a device name and numbering for MAX3100
serqt: initial clean up pass for tty side
tty: Use the generic RS485 ioctl on CRIS
tty: Correct inline types for tty_driver_kref_get()
splice: fix deadlock in splicing to file
nilfs2: support nanosecond timestamp
nilfs2: introduce secondary super block
nilfs2: simplify handling of active state of segments
nilfs2: mark minor flag for checkpoint created by internal operation
nilfs2: clean up sketch file
nilfs2: super block operations fix endian bug
...
Conflicts:
arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
arch/x86/lguest/boot.c
drivers/xen/manage.c
Impact: simplification, robustness
Make paravirt_lazy_mode() always return PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE
when in an interrupt. This prevents interrupt code from
accidentally inheriting an outer lazy state, and instead
does everything synchronously. Outer batched operations
are left deferred.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add new interfaces:
set_pages_array_uc()
set_pages_array_wb()
that can be used change the page attribute for a bunch of pages with
flush etc done once at the end of all the changes. These interfaces
are similar to existing set_memory_array_uc() and set_memory_array_wc().
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: arjan@infradead.org
Cc: eric@anholt.net
Cc: airlied@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <20090319215358.901545000@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add struct page array pointer to cpa struct and CPA_PAGES_ARRAY.
With that we can add change_page_attr_set_clr() a parameter to pass
struct page array pointer and that can be handled by the underlying
cpa code.
cpa_flush_array() is also changed to support both addr array or
struct page pointer array, depending on the flag.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: arjan@infradead.org
Cc: eric@anholt.net
Cc: airlied@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <20090319215358.758513000@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Change change_page_attr_set_clr() array parameter to a flag. This helps
following patches which adds an interface to change attr to uc/wb over a
set of pages referred by struct page.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: arjan@infradead.org
Cc: eric@anholt.net
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: airlied@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <20090319215358.611346000@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: new interface
Add a brk()-like allocator which effectively extends the bss in order
to allow very early code to do dynamic allocations. This is better than
using statically allocated arrays for data in subsystems which may never
get used.
The space for brk allocations is in the bss ELF segment, so that the
space is mapped properly by the code which maps the kernel, and so
that bootloaders keep the space free rather than putting a ramdisk or
something into it.
The bss itself, delimited by __bss_stop, ends before the brk area
(__brk_base to __brk_limit). The kernel text, data and bss is reserved
up to __bss_stop.
Any brk-allocated data is reserved separately just before the kernel
pagetable is built, as that code allocates from unreserved spaces
in the e820 map, potentially allocating from any unused brk memory.
Ultimately any unused memory in the brk area is used in the general
kernel memory pool.
Initially the brk space is set to 1MB, which is probably much larger
than any user needs (the largest current user is i386 head_32.S's code
to build the pagetables to map the kernel, which can get fairly large
with a big kernel image and no PSE support). So long as the system
has sufficient memory for the bootloader to reserve the kernel+1MB brk,
there are no bad effects resulting from an over-large brk.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: work around boot crash
Work around Intel Atom erratum AAH41 (probabilistically) - it's triggering
in the field.
Reported-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Kyle McMartin <kyle@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: future-proof the split_large_page() function
Linus noticed that split_large_page() is not safe wrt. the
PAT bit: it is bit 12 on the 1GB and 2MB page table level
(_PAGE_BIT_PAT_LARGE), and it is bit 7 on the 4K page
table level (_PAGE_BIT_PAT).
Currently it is not a problem because we never set
_PAGE_BIT_PAT_LARGE on any of the large-page mappings - but
should this happen in the future the split_large_page() would
silently lift bit 12 into the lowlevel 4K pte and would start
corrupting the physical page frame offset. Not fun.
So add a debug warning, to make sure if something ever sets
the PAT bit then this function gets updated too.
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Steven Rostedt found a bug in where in his modified kernel
ftrace was unable to modify the kernel text, due to the PMD
itself having been marked read-only as well in
split_large_page().
The fix, suggested by Linus, is to not try to 'clone' the
reference protection of a huge-page, but to use the standard
(and permissive) page protection bits of KERNPG_TABLE.
The 'cloning' makes sense for the ptes but it's a confused and
incorrect concept at the page table level - because the
pagetable entry is a set of all ptes and hence cannot
'clone' any single protection attribute - the ptes can be any
mixture of protections.
With the permissive KERNPG_TABLE, even if the pte protections
get changed after this point (due to ftrace doing code-patching
or other similar activities like kprobes), the resulting combined
protections will still be correct and the pte's restrictive
(or permissive) protections will control it.
Also update the comment.
This bug was there for a long time but has not caused visible
problems before as it needs a rather large read-only area to
trigger. Steve possibly hacked his kernel with some really
large arrays or so. Anyway, the bug is definitely worth fixing.
[ Huang Ying also experienced problems in this area when writing
the EFI code, but the real bug in split_large_page() was not
realized back then. ]
Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reported-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: Flush the lazy MMU only once
Pending mmu updates only need to be flushed once to bring the
in-memory pagetable state up to date.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Impact: fix race leading to crash under KVM and Xen
The CPA code may be called while we're in lazy mmu update mode - for
example, when using DEBUG_PAGE_ALLOC and doing a slab allocation
in an interrupt handler which interrupted a lazy mmu update. In this
case, the in-memory pagetable state may be out of date due to pending
queued updates. We need to flush any pending updates before inspecting
the page table. Similarly, we must explicitly flush any modifications
CPA may have made (which comes down to flushing queued operations when
flushing the TLB).
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Acked-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Stable Kernel <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: fix sporadic slowdowns and warning messages
This patch fixes a performance issue reported by Linus on his
Nehalem system. While Linus reverted the PAT patch (commit
58dab916df) which exposed the issue,
existing cpa() code can potentially still cause wrong(page attribute
corruption) behavior.
This patch also fixes the "WARNING: at arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c:560" that
various people reported.
In 64bit kernel, kernel identity mapping might have holes depending
on the available memory and how e820 reports the address range
covering the RAM, ACPI, PCI reserved regions. If there is a 2MB/1GB hole
in the address range that is not listed by e820 entries, kernel identity
mapping will have a corresponding hole in its 1-1 identity mapping.
If cpa() happens on the kernel identity mapping which falls into these holes,
existing code fails like this:
__change_page_attr_set_clr()
__change_page_attr()
returns 0 because of if (!kpte). But doesn't
set cpa->numpages and cpa->pfn.
cpa_process_alias()
uses uninitialized cpa->pfn (random value)
which can potentially lead to changing the page
attribute of kernel text/data, kernel identity
mapping of RAM pages etc. oops!
This bug was easily exposed by another PAT patch which was doing
cpa() more often on kernel identity mapping holes (physical range between
max_low_pfn_mapped and 4GB), where in here it was setting the
cache disable attribute(PCD) for kernel identity mappings aswell.
Fix cpa() to handle the kernel identity mapping holes. Retain
the WARN() for cpa() calls to other not present address ranges
(kernel-text/data, ioremap() addresses)
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: right-align /proc/meminfo consistent with other fields
When the split-LRU patches added Inactive(anon) and Inactive(file) lines
to /proc/meminfo, all counts were moved two columns rightwards to fit in.
Now move x86's DirectMap lines two columns rightwards to line up.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Rewrite the vmap allocator to use rbtrees and lazy tlb flushing, and
provide a fast, scalable percpu frontend for small vmaps (requires a
slightly different API, though).
The biggest problem with vmap is actually vunmap. Presently this requires
a global kernel TLB flush, which on most architectures is a broadcast IPI
to all CPUs to flush the cache. This is all done under a global lock. As
the number of CPUs increases, so will the number of vunmaps a scaled
workload will want to perform, and so will the cost of a global TLB flush.
This gives terrible quadratic scalability characteristics.
Another problem is that the entire vmap subsystem works under a single
lock. It is a rwlock, but it is actually taken for write in all the fast
paths, and the read locking would likely never be run concurrently anyway,
so it's just pointless.
This is a rewrite of vmap subsystem to solve those problems. The existing
vmalloc API is implemented on top of the rewritten subsystem.
The TLB flushing problem is solved by using lazy TLB unmapping. vmap
addresses do not have to be flushed immediately when they are vunmapped,
because the kernel will not reuse them again (would be a use-after-free)
until they are reallocated. So the addresses aren't allocated again until
a subsequent TLB flush. A single TLB flush then can flush multiple
vunmaps from each CPU.
XEN and PAT and such do not like deferred TLB flushing because they can't
always handle multiple aliasing virtual addresses to a physical address.
They now call vm_unmap_aliases() in order to flush any deferred mappings.
That call is very expensive (well, actually not a lot more expensive than
a single vunmap under the old scheme), however it should be OK if not
called too often.
The virtual memory extent information is stored in an rbtree rather than a
linked list to improve the algorithmic scalability.
There is a per-CPU allocator for small vmaps, which amortizes or avoids
global locking.
To use the per-CPU interface, the vm_map_ram / vm_unmap_ram interfaces
must be used in place of vmap and vunmap. Vmalloc does not use these
interfaces at the moment, so it will not be quite so scalable (although it
will use lazy TLB flushing).
As a quick test of performance, I ran a test that loops in the kernel,
linearly mapping then touching then unmapping 4 pages. Different numbers
of tests were run in parallel on an 4 core, 2 socket opteron. Results are
in nanoseconds per map+touch+unmap.
threads vanilla vmap rewrite
1 14700 2900
2 33600 3000
4 49500 2800
8 70631 2900
So with a 8 cores, the rewritten version is already 25x faster.
In a slightly more realistic test (although with an older and less
scalable version of the patch), I ripped the not-very-good vunmap batching
code out of XFS, and implemented the large buffer mapping with vm_map_ram
and vm_unmap_ram... along with a couple of other tricks, I was able to
speed up a large directory workload by 20x on a 64 CPU system. I believe
vmap/vunmap is actually sped up a lot more than 20x on such a system, but
I'm running into other locks now. vmap is pretty well blown off the
profiles.
Before:
1352059 total 0.1401
798784 _write_lock 8320.6667 <- vmlist_lock
529313 default_idle 1181.5022
15242 smp_call_function 15.8771 <- vmap tlb flushing
2472 __get_vm_area_node 1.9312 <- vmap
1762 remove_vm_area 4.5885 <- vunmap
316 map_vm_area 0.2297 <- vmap
312 kfree 0.1950
300 _spin_lock 3.1250
252 sn_send_IPI_phys 0.4375 <- tlb flushing
238 vmap 0.8264 <- vmap
216 find_lock_page 0.5192
196 find_next_bit 0.3603
136 sn2_send_IPI 0.2024
130 pio_phys_write_mmr 2.0312
118 unmap_kernel_range 0.1229
After:
78406 total 0.0081
40053 default_idle 89.4040
33576 ia64_spinlock_contention 349.7500
1650 _spin_lock 17.1875
319 __reg_op 0.5538
281 _atomic_dec_and_lock 1.0977
153 mutex_unlock 1.5938
123 iget_locked 0.1671
117 xfs_dir_lookup 0.1662
117 dput 0.1406
114 xfs_iget_core 0.0268
92 xfs_da_hashname 0.1917
75 d_alloc 0.0670
68 vmap_page_range 0.0462 <- vmap
58 kmem_cache_alloc 0.0604
57 memset 0.0540
52 rb_next 0.1625
50 __copy_user 0.0208
49 bitmap_find_free_region 0.2188 <- vmap
46 ia64_sn_udelay 0.1106
45 find_inode_fast 0.1406
42 memcmp 0.2188
42 finish_task_switch 0.1094
42 __d_lookup 0.0410
40 radix_tree_lookup_slot 0.1250
37 _spin_unlock_irqrestore 0.3854
36 xfs_bmapi 0.0050
36 kmem_cache_free 0.0256
35 xfs_vn_getattr 0.0322
34 radix_tree_lookup 0.1062
33 __link_path_walk 0.0035
31 xfs_da_do_buf 0.0091
30 _xfs_buf_find 0.0204
28 find_get_page 0.0875
27 xfs_iread 0.0241
27 __strncpy_from_user 0.2812
26 _xfs_buf_initialize 0.0406
24 _xfs_buf_lookup_pages 0.0179
24 vunmap_page_range 0.0250 <- vunmap
23 find_lock_page 0.0799
22 vm_map_ram 0.0087 <- vmap
20 kfree 0.0125
19 put_page 0.0330
18 __kmalloc 0.0176
17 xfs_da_node_lookup_int 0.0086
17 _read_lock 0.0885
17 page_waitqueue 0.0664
vmap has gone from being the top 5 on the profiles and flushing the crap
out of all TLBs, to using less than 1% of kernel time.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups, section fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build on alpha]
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@poczta.fm>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Do a global flush tlb after splitting the large page and before we do the
actual change page attribute in the PTE.
With out this, we violate the TLB application note, which says
"The TLBs may contain both ordinary and large-page translations for
a 4-KByte range of linear addresses. This may occur if software
modifies the paging structures so that the page size used for the
address range changes. If the two translations differ with respect
to page frame or attributes (e.g., permissions), processor behavior
is undefined and may be implementation-specific."
And also serialize cpa() (for !DEBUG_PAGEALLOC which uses large identity
mappings) using cpa_lock. So that we don't allow any other cpu, with stale
large tlb entries change the page attribute in parallel to some other cpu
splitting a large page entry along with changing the attribute.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: arjan@linux.intel.com
Cc: venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com
Cc: jeremy@goop.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Interrupt context no longer splits large page in cpa(). So we can do away
with cpa memory pool code.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: arjan@linux.intel.com
Cc: venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com
Cc: jeremy@goop.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
No alias checking needed for setting present/not-present mapping. Otherwise,
we may need to break large pages for 64-bit kernel text mappings (this adds to
complexity if we want to do this from atomic context especially, for ex:
with CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC). Let's keep it simple!
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: arjan@linux.intel.com
Cc: venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com
Cc: jeremy@goop.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Export set_memory_ro() and set_memory_rw() calls for use by drivers that need
to have more debug information about who might be writing to memory space.
this was initially developed for use while debugging a memory corruption
problem with e1000e.
Signed-off-by: Bruce Allan <bruce.w.allan@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Brandeburg <jesse.brandeburg@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Fix the start addr for free_memtype calls in the error path.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Acked-by: Rene Herman <rene.herman@keyaccess.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Actually, might as well simply reconstruct the memtype list at free time
I guess. How is this for a coalescing version of the array functions?
Compiles, boots and provides me with:
root@7ixe4:~# wc -l /debug/x86/pat_memtype_list
53 /debug/x86/pat_memtype_list
otherwise (down from 16384+).
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The new set_memory_array_{uc,wb}() pass virtual addresses to
{reserve,free}_memtype() it seems.
Signed-off-by: Rene Herman <rene.herman@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add array interface APIs of pageattr. page based cache flush is quite
slow for a lot of pages. If pages are more than 1024 (4M), the patch
will use a wbinvd(). We have a simple test here (run a 3d game - open
arena), nearly all agp memory allocation are small (< 1M), so suppose
this will not impact runtime performance.
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Big thinko in pat memtype tracking code. reserve_memtype should be called
with physical address and not virtual address.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Highmem code can leave ptes and tlb entries around for a given page even after
kunmap, and after it has been freed.
>From what I can gather, the PAT code may change the cache attributes of
arbitrary physical addresses (ie. including highmem pages), which would result
in aliases in the case that it operates on one of these lazy tlb highmem
pages.
Flushing kmaps should solve the problem.
I've also just added code for conditional flushing if we haven't got
any dangling highmem aliases -- this should help performance if we
change page attributes frequently or systems that aren't using much
highmem pages (eg. if < 4G RAM). Should be turned into 2 patches, but
just for RFC...
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Introduce two APIs for page attribute. flushing tlb/cache in every page
attribute is expensive. AGP gart usually will do a lot of operations to
change a page to uc, new APIs can reduce flush.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: airlied@linux.ie
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Do we actually want these DirectMap lines in the x86 /proc/meminfo?
I can see they're interesting to CPA developers and TLB optimizers,
but they don't fit its usual "where has all my memory gone?" usage.
If they are to stay, here are some fixes.
1. On x86_32 without PAE, they're not 2M but 4M pages: no need to
mess with the internal enum, but show the right name to users.
2. Many machines can never show anything but 0 for DirectMap1G,
so suppress that line unless direct_gbpages are really enabled.
3. The unit in /proc/meminfo is kB not number of pages: HugePages
messed that up, but they're an example to regret not to follow.
4. Once we use kB, it's easy to see that 1GB has gone missing (which
explains why CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG=y soon wraps DirectMap2M negative):
because head_64.S's level2_ident_pgt entries were not counted.
My fix is not ideal, but works for more and for less than 1G,
and avoids interfering with early bootup pagetable contortions.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use WARN() instead of a printk+WARN_ON() pair; this way the message becomes
part of the warning section for better reporting/collection.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: arjan@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
tighten the boundary checks around max_low_pfn_mapped - dont overmap
nor undermap into holes.
also print out tseg for AMD cpus, for diagnostic purposes.
(this is an SMM area, and we split up any big mappings around that area)
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
when more than 4g memory is installed, don't map the big hole below 4g.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
1) Remove __meminit from update_pages_count. It is used inside
split_pages()
2) Make the code depend on PROC_FS. Doing statistics for nothing is
useless and not adding useless code is nice to the Linux tiny folks.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add information about the mapping state of the direct mapping to
/proc/meminfo. I chose /proc/meminfo because that is where all the other
memory statistics are too and it is a generally useful metric even
outside debugging situations. A lot of split kernel pages means the
kernel will run slower.
This way we can see how many large pages are really used for it and how
many are split.
Useful for general insight into the kernel.
v2: Add hotplug locking to 64bit to plug a very obscure theoretical race.
32bit doesn't need it because it doesn't support hotadd for lowmem.
Fix some typos
v3: Rename dpages_cnt
Add CONFIG ifdef for count update as requested by tglx
Expand description
v4: Fix stupid bugs added in v3
Move update_page_count to pageattr.c
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
It's not even passed on to smp_call_function() anymore, since that
was removed. So kill it.
Acked-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
BTW, what does pat_wc_enabled stand for? Does it mean
"write-combining"?
Currently it is used to globally switch on or off PAT support.
Thus I renamed it to pat_enabled.
I think this increases readability (and hope that I didn't miss
something).
Signed-off-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use lookup_address() from pageattr.c instead of doing the same
manually. Also had to EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(lookup_address) to make this
work for modules. This also fixes "undefined symbol 'init_mm'"
compile error for x86_32.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Paalanen <pq@iki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Use UC_MINUS for ioremap(), ioremap_nocache() instead of strong UC.
Once all the X drivers move to ioremap_wc(), we can go back to strong
UC semantics for ioremap() and ioremap_nocache().
To avoid attribute aliasing issues, pci_mmap_page_range() will also
use UC_MINUS for default non write-combining mapping request.
Next steps:
a) change all the video drivers using ioremap() or ioremap_nocache()
and adding WC MTTR using mttr_add() to ioremap_wc()
b) for strict usage, we can go back to strong uc semantics
for ioremap() and ioremap_nocache() after some grace period for
completing step-a.
c) user level X server needs to use the appropriate method for setting
up WC mapping (like using resourceX_wc sysfs file instead of
adding MTRR for WC and using /dev/mem or resourceX under /sys)
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/x86/linux-2.6-xen-next: (52 commits)
xen: add balloon driver
xen: allow compilation with non-flat memory
xen: fold xen_sysexit into xen_iret
xen: allow set_pte_at on init_mm to be lockless
xen: disable preemption during tlb flush
xen pvfb: Para-virtual framebuffer, keyboard and pointer driver
xen: Add compatibility aliases for frontend drivers
xen: Module autoprobing support for frontend drivers
xen blkfront: Delay wait for block devices until after the disk is added
xen/blkfront: use bdget_disk
xen: Make xen-blkfront write its protocol ABI to xenstore
xen: import arch generic part of xencomm
xen: make grant table arch portable
xen: replace callers of alloc_vm_area()/free_vm_area() with xen_ prefixed one
xen: make include/xen/page.h portable moving those definitions under asm dir
xen: add resend_irq_on_evtchn() definition into events.c
Xen: make events.c portable for ia64/xen support
xen: move events.c to drivers/xen for IA64/Xen support
xen: move features.c from arch/x86/xen/features.c to drivers/xen
xen: add missing definitions in include/xen/interface/vcpu.h which ia64/xen needs
...
Rename (alloc|release)_(pt|pd) to pte/pmd to explicitly match the name
of the appropriate pagetable level structure.
[ x86.git merge work by Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com> ]
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
do not return a -EINVAL when mmap()-ing PCI holes.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Acked-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Add a new function to force split large pages into 4k pages.
This is needed for some followup optimizations.
I had to add a new field to cpa_data to pass down the information
that try_preserve_large_page should not run.
Right now no set_page_4k() because I didn't need it and all the
specialized users I have in mind would be more comfortable with
pure addresses. I also didn't export it because it's unlikely
external code needs it.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: andreas.herrmann3@amd.com
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add a set_memory_wc interface(), similar to set_memory_uc interface.
Callers has to call set_memory_uc, set_memory_wb and
set_memory_wc, set_memory_wb as pairs.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use reserve_memtype and free_memtype interfaces in set_memory_uc/set_memory_wb
interfaces to avoid aliasing.
Usage model of set_memory_uc and set_memory_wb is for RAM memory and users
will first call set_memory_uc and call set_memory_wb after use to reset the
attribute.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Sets up pat_init() infrastructure.
PAT MSR has following setting.
PAT
|PCD
||PWT
|||
000 WB _PAGE_CACHE_WB
001 WC _PAGE_CACHE_WC
010 UC- _PAGE_CACHE_UC_MINUS
011 UC _PAGE_CACHE_UC
We are effectively changing WT from boot time setting to WC.
UC_MINUS is used to provide backward compatibility to existing /dev/mem
users(X).
reserve_memtype and free_memtype are new interfaces for maintaining alias-free
mapping. It is currently implemented in a simple way with a linked list and
not optimized. reserve and free tracks the effective memory type, as a result
of PAT and MTRR setting rather than what is actually requested in PAT.
pat_init piggy backs on mtrr_init as the rules for setting both pat and mtrr
are same.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Add debug information for DEBUG_PAGEALLOC to get some statistics about
the pool usage and split status.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
fix the 3D performance drop reported at:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10328
fb drivers are using ioremap()/ioremap_nocache(), followed by mtrr_add with
WC attribute. Recent changes in page attribute code made both
ioremap()/ioremap_nocache() mappings as UC (instead of previous UC-). This
breaks the graphics performance, as the effective memory type is UC instead
of expected WC.
The correct way to fix this is to add ioremap_wc() (which uses UC- in the
absence of PAT kernel support and WC with PAT) and change all the
fb drivers to use this new ioremap_wc() API.
We can take this correct and longer route for post 2.6.25. For now,
revert back to the UC- behavior for ioremap/ioremap_nocache.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Revert:
commit 8be8f54bae
Author: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Date: Sat Feb 23 20:43:21 2008 +0100
x86: CPA: avoid split of alias mappings
because it clearly mishandles the case when __change_page_attr(), called
from __change_page_attr_set_clr(), changes cpa->processed to 1 and
cpa_process_alias(cpa) is executed right after that.
This crashes my x86-64 test box early in the boot process
(ref. http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10140#c4).
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
avoid over-eager large page splitup.
When the target area needs to be split or is split already (ioremap)
then the current code enforces the split of large mappings in the alias
regions even if we could avoid it.
Use a separate variable processed in the cpa_data structure to carry
the number of pages which have been processed instead of reusing the
numpages variable. This keeps numpages intact and gives the alias code
a chance to keep large mappings intact.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use PF_MEMALLOC to prevent recursive calls in the DBEUG_PAGEALLOC
case. This makes the code simpler and more robust against allocation
failures.
This fixes the following fallback to non-mmconfig:
http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/2/20/551http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10083
Also, for DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=n reduce the pool size to one page.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Make hibernation work with CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC set on x86, by
checking if the pages to be copied are marked as present in the
kernel mapping and temporarily marking them as present if that's not
the case. No functional modifications are introduced if
CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is unset.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
New implementation does not use lru for anything so there is no need
to reject pages that are in the LRU. Similar for compound pages (which
were checked because they also use page->lru)
[ tglx@linutronix.de: removed unused variable ]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
When the CPA code is called with an virtual address in the range of
the direct mapping or the high alias then we do not need to run
through the alias check for this range.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
NX settings are not required to be consistent across alias mappings.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
c_p_a() did not discover all aliases correctly. (such as when called
on vmalloc()-ed areas or ioremap()-ed areas)
Push the alias checks to the lower, physical level and consistently
discover all aliases that might exist: the low direct mappings and
the high linear kernel-text mappings (on 64-bit).
Thanks to Andi Kleen for pointing out that this was buggy.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
the cpa API is page aligned - warn about any weird alignments.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
[ mingo@elte.hu: while gbpages cannot be enabled on mainline currently,
keep the code uptodate and this fix is easy enough. ]
Use correct page sizes and masks for GB pages in try_preserve_large_page()
This prevents a boot hang on a GB capable system with CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES
enabled.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Right now, we check only the first 4k page for static required protections.
This does not take overlapping regions into account. So we might end up
setting the wrong permissions/protections for other parts of this large page.
This can be optimized further, but correctness is the important part.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Switch the split page code to use the page pool. We do this
unconditionally to avoid different behaviour with and without
DEBUG_PAGEALLOC enabled.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
DEBUG_PAGEALLOC was not possible on 64-bit due to its early-bootup
hardcoded reliance on PSE pages, and the unrobustness of the runtime
splitup of large pages. The splitup ended in recursive calls to
alloc_pages() when a page for a pte split was requested.
Avoid the recursion with a preallocated page pool, which is used to
split up large mappings and gets refilled in the return path of
kernel_map_pages after the split has been done. The size of the page
pool is adjusted to the available memory.
This part just implements the page pool and the initialization w/o
using it yet.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Adjust the definition of lookup_address to take an unsigned long
level argument. Adjust callers in xen/mmu.c that pass in a
dummy variable.
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The .rodata section really should just be read only; the config option
is there to make breaking up the 2Mb page an option (so people whos machines
give more performance for the 2Mb case can opt to do so).
But when the page gets split anyway, this is no longer an issue, so
clean up the code and remove the ifdefs
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
When change_page_attr splits a large page on x86_32 (without PAE), it is
currently corrupting every process's page directory: fix that by removing
the thinko which passes down a physical instead of a virtual address.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move the readout of the large entry into the spinlock section to
prevent an unlikely but possible race.
Mark the pmd/pud entry present after the split. We preserved the
non present bit in the new split mapping.
Remove the stale gfp_flags double initialization.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
lookup_address() returns a wrong level and a wrong pointer to a non
existing pte, when pmd or pud entries are marked !present. This
happens for example due to boot time mapping of GART into the low
memory space.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
An Athlon 64 X2 test system showed hard hangs shortly after marking
the kernel text read-only, if we tried to preserve largepages and
changed the PSE entry from RW to RO. The pagetable code itself is
correct, it's the CPU that locked up hard (and not even the NMI
watchdog could punch through that hard hang).
So be conservative and always do splitups - like we did in the past.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
When CPA is called on a range which fits into a large page mapping,
avoid to split the page when:
1) There is no change of attributes
2) The range to change is a complete large mapping
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The number of arguments which need to be transported is increasing
and we want to add flush optimizations and large page preserving.
Create struct cpa data and pass a pointer instead of increasing the
number of arguments further.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
We only need to flush the caches in cpa() if the the caching attributes
have changed. Otherwise only flush the TLBs.
This checks the PAT bits too although they are currently not used by
the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Mask out the not supported bits (e.g. NX). If the clr/set masks
are empty after the mask return without changing anything.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
When splitting large pages, we ge the pfn from the existing entry
instead of calculating it ourself.
This removes the last remaining range restriction of the cpa code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
When changing the attributes of a pte, we should use the PFN from the
existing PTE rather than going through hoops calculating what we think
it might have been; this is both fragile and totally unneeded. It also
makes it more hairy to call any of these functions on non-direct maps
for no good reason whatsover.
With this change, __change_page_attr() no longer takes a pfn as argument,
which simplifies all the callers.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@tglx.de>
Right now, enforcing that the high mapping of the kernel text doesn't
get the NX bit is done deep in the guts of CPA, rather than in the
static_protection() function that enforces all other per-arch sanity
checks.
This patch moves this sanity check into the central static_protection()
function instead, and makes it apply ONLY to the kernel text, not to all
other areas in the high mapping.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
In split_large_page we clear the NX bit for the new split ptes, but we
need to preserve the original setting of it for the split ptes.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch replaces __change_page_attr_set_clr() with
change_page_attr_set_clr() in change_page_attr_clear() to flush the
TLB/cache properly.
Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use a standard list threaded through page->lru for maintaining the pgd
list on PAE. This is the same as 64-bit, and seems saner than using a
non-standard list via page->index.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cleanup the address calculations, which are necessary to identify the
high/low alias mappings of the kernel on 64 bit machines. Instead of
calling __pa/__va back and forth, calculate the physical address once
and base the other calculations on it. Add understandable constants so
we can use the already available within() helper. Also add comments,
which help mere mortals to understand what this code does.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
clflush is sufficient to be issued on one CPU. The invalidation is
broadcast throughout the coherence domain.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
clflush is an unordered operation with respect to other memory
traffic, including other CLFLUSH instructions. This needs proper
fencing with mfence.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The function name global_flush_tlb() suggests something different from
what the function really does. Rename it to cpa_flush_all(), which is an
understandable counterpart to cpa_flush_range().
no global visibility of the old API anymore.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use clflush on CPUs which support this.
clflush is only used when the page attribute operation has been
successful. On CPUs which do not support clflush and in the case of
error the old fashioned global_flush_tlb() is called.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Convert cpa_set and cpa_clear to call the new set_clr function.
Seperate out the debug helpers.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Create a set_and_clr function to avoid the duplicate loops. Allows
also to do combined operations for optimization.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
To avoid the modification of the flush code for the clflush
implementation, move the flush into the set and clear functions and
provide helper functions for the debugging code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
In Ingo's testing, he found a bug in the CPA selftest code. What would
happen is that the test would call change_page_attr_addr on a range of
memory, part of which was read only, part of which was writable. The
only thing the test wanted to change was the global bit...
What actually happened was that the selftest would take the permissions
of the first page, and then the change_page_attr_addr call would then
set the permissions of the entire range to this first page. In the
rodata section case, this resulted in pages after the .rodata becoming
read only... which made the kernel rather unhappy in many interesting
ways.
This is just another example of how dangerous the cpa API is (was); this
patch changes the test to use the incremental clear/set APIs
instead, and it changes the clear/set implementation to work on a 1 page
at a time basis.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The set_memory_* and set_pages_* family of API's currently requires the
callers to do a global tlb flush after the function call; forgetting this is
a very nasty deathtrap. This patch moves the global tlb flush into
each of the callers
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
change_page_attr_add is only used in pageattr.c now, so we can
make this function static.
change_page_attr() isn't used anywere at all anymore; this function
is a really bad API anyway so just remove the bloat entirely.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
page_is_ram has a FIXME since ages, which reminds to sanity check the
BIOS area between 640k and 1M, which is sometimes falsely reported as
RAM in the e820 tables.
Implement the sanity check. Move the BIOS range defines from
pageattr.c into e820.h to avoid duplicate defines.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
With the introduction of the new API, no driver or non-archcore code needs
to use c-p-a anymore, so this patch also deprecates the EXPORT_SYMBOL of CPA
(it's a horrible API after all).
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Right now, if drivers or other code want to change, say, a cache attribute of a
page, the only API they have is change_page_attr(). c-p-a is a really bad API
for this, because it forces the caller to know *ALL* the attributes he wants
for the page, not just the 1 thing he wants to change. So code that wants to
set a page uncachable, needs to be aware of the NX status as well etc etc etc.
This patch introduces a set of new APIs for this, set_pages_<attr> and
set_memory_<attr>, that offer a logical change to the user, and leave all
attributes not implied by the requested logical change alone.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
What the check_exec() function really is trying to do is enforce certain
bits in the pgprot that are required by the x86 architecture, but that
callers might not be aware of (such as NX bit exclusion of the BIOS
area for BIOS based PCI access; it's not uncommon to ioremap the BIOS
region for various purposes and normally ioremap() memory has the NX bit
set).
This patch turns the check_exec() function into static_protections()
which also is now used to make sure the kernel text area remains non-NX
and that the .rodata section remains read-only. If the architecture
ends up requiring more such mandatory prot settings for specific areas,
this is now a reasonable place to add these.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This patch fixes a bug of change_page_attr/change_page_attr_addr on
Intel i386/x86_64 CPUs. After changing page attribute to be
executable with these functions, the page remains un-executable on
Intel i386/x86_64 CPU. Because on Intel i386/x86_64 CPU, only if the
"NX" bits of all three level page tables are cleared (PAE is enabled),
the corresponding page is executable (refer to section 4.13.2 of Intel
64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual). So, the bug
is fixed through clearing the "NX" bit of PMD when splitting the huge
PMD.
Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
do some leftover cleanups in the now unified arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
file.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
unify the now perfectly identical pageattr_32/64.c files - no code changed.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Dave Hansen