Commit f3186dd876 ("spi: Optionally use GPIO descriptors for CS GPIOs")
has changed the user-space interface so that bogus SPI_CS_HIGH started
to appear in the mask returned by SPI_IOC_RD_MODE even for active-low CS
pins. Commit 138c9c32f0
("spi: spidev: Fix CS polarity if GPIO descriptors are used") fixed only
SPI_IOC_WR_MODE part of the problem. Let's fix SPI_IOC_RD_MODE
symmetrically.
Test case:
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/spi/spidev.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
char modew = SPI_CPHA;
char moder;
int f = open("/dev/spidev0.0", O_RDWR);
if (f < 0)
return 1;
ioctl(f, SPI_IOC_WR_MODE, &modew);
ioctl(f, SPI_IOC_RD_MODE, &moder);
return moder == modew ? 0 : 2;
}
Fixes: f3186dd876 ("spi: Optionally use GPIO descriptors for CS GPIOs")
Signed-off-by: Alexander Sverdlin <alexander.sverdlin@siemens.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221130162927.539512-1-alexander.sverdlin@siemens.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
To move the list iterator variable into the list_for_each_entry_*()
macro in the future it should be avoided to use the list iterator
variable after the loop body.
To *never* use the list iterator variable after the loop it was
concluded to use a separate iterator variable instead of a
found boolean [1].
This removes the need to use a found variable and simply checking if
the variable was set, can determine if the break/goto was hit.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAHk-=wgRr_D8CB-D9Kg-c=EHreAsk5SqXPwr9Y7k9sA6cWXJ6w@mail.gmail.com/
Signed-off-by: Jakob Koschel <jakobkoschel@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220324072534.63420-1-jakobkoschel@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Instead of calling the OF specific APIs, use device property ones.
It also prevents misusing PRP0001 in ACPI when trying to instantiate
spidev directly. We only support special SPI test devices there.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220323140215.2568-4-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
static_assert() is a preferred method to fail build when the certain
constraints are not met. Convert BUILD_BUG_ON() to static_assert().
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220323140215.2568-2-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Merge series from Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>:
this series goal is to change the spi remove callback's return value to void.
After numerous patches nearly all drivers already return 0 unconditionally.
The four first patches in this series convert the remaining three drivers to
return 0, the final patch changes the remove prototype and converts all
implementers.
base-commit: 26291c54e1
The value returned by an spi driver's remove function is mostly ignored.
(Only an error message is printed if the value is non-zero that the
error is ignored.)
So change the prototype of the remove function to return no value. This
way driver authors are not tempted to assume that passing an error to
the upper layer is a good idea. All drivers are adapted accordingly.
There is no intended change of behaviour, all callbacks were prepared to
return 0 before.
Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Acked-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Acked-by: Jérôme Pouiller <jerome.pouiller@silabs.com>
Acked-by: Miquel Raynal <miquel.raynal@bootlin.com>
Acked-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Claudius Heine <ch@denx.de>
Acked-by: Stefan Schmidt <stefan@datenfreihafen.org>
Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com>
Acked-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org> # For MMC
Acked-by: Marcus Folkesson <marcus.folkesson@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Łukasz Stelmach <l.stelmach@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220123175201.34839-6-u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
A zero value for spi->max_speed_hz or spidev->speed_hz does not make
sense and trying to set that can lead to divide by zero crashes in
a some of the drivers.
drivers/spi/spi-s3c64xx.c:874 s3c64xx_spi_setup() error: potential divide by zero bug '/ spi->max_speed_hz'.
drivers/spi/spi-fsl-dspi.c:613 hz_to_spi_baud() error: potential divide by zero bug '/ speed_hz'.
drivers/spi/spi-xlp.c:146 xlp_spi_setup() error: potential divide by zero bug '/ (spi->max_speed_hz)'.
drivers/spi/spi-orion.c:162 orion_spi_baudrate_set() error: potential divide by zero bug '/ speed'.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220125065202.GA8807@kili
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Some Device Trees don't use a real device name in the compatible string
for SPI devices nodes, abusing the fact that the spidev driver name is
used to match as a fallback when a SPI device ID table is not defined.
But since commit 6840615f85 ("spi: spidev: Add SPI ID table") a table
for SPI device IDs was added to the driver breaking the assumption that
these DTs were relying on.
There has been a warning message for some time since commit 956b200a84
("spi: spidev: Warn loudly if instantiated from DT as "spidev""), making
quite clear that this case is not really supported by the spidev driver.
Since these devices won't match anyways after the mentioned commit, there
is no point to continue if an spidev compatible is used. Let's just make
the driver probe to fail early.
Signed-off-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javierm@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211109225920.1158920-1-javierm@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Currently the 16-bit mode is what being used in user space.
However assuming that is not fully correct. Instead we should
use the respective mask, i.e. SPI_MODE_USER_MASK, which
precisely defines what bits are available for user space apps.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211122175245.84691-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Currently autoloading for SPI devices does not use the DT ID table, it uses
SPI modalises. Supporting OF modalises is going to be difficult if not
impractical, an attempt was made but has been reverted, so ensure that
module autoloading works for this driver by adding an id_table listing the
SPI IDs for everything.
Fixes: 96c8395e21 ("spi: Revert modalias changes")
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210923170023.1683-1-broonie@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
General Electric Healthcare's PPD has a secondary processor from
NXP's Kinetis K20 series. That device has two SPI chip selects:
The main interface's behaviour depends on the loaded firmware
and is currently unused.
The secondary interface can be used to update the firmware using
EzPort protocol. This is implemented by this driver using the
kernel's firmware API. The firmware is being flashed into
non-volatile flash memory, so it is enough to flash it once
and not on every boot. Flashing will wear the flash memory
(it has a life time of at least 10k programming cycles). At
the same time only occasional FW updates are expected (like e.g.
a BIOS update). Thus the firmware update is triggered via sysfs
instead of doing it in the driver's probe routine like many
other drivers.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Reichel <sebastian.reichel@collabora.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210802172309.164365-4-sebastian.reichel@collabora.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
In spidev_read() and spidev_write(), the variable status is being
initialized with a value that is never read and it is being updated
later with a new value. The initialization is redundant and can be
removed.
Signed-off-by: Jay Fang <f.fangjian@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1599631704-53232-1-git-send-email-f.fangjian@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Simply copying all xfers from userspace into one bounce buffer causes
alignment problems if the SPI controller uses DMA.
Ensure that all transfer data blocks within the rx and tx bounce buffers
are aligned for DMA (according to ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN).
Alignment may increase the usage of the bounce buffers. In some cases,
the buffers may need to be increased using the "bufsiz" module
parameter.
Signed-off-by: Christian Eggers <ceggers@arri.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200728100832.24788-1-ceggers@arri.de
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
If an spi device is unbounded from the driver before the release
process, there will be an NULL pointer reference when it's
referenced in spi_slave_abort().
Fix it by checking it's already freed before reference.
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200618032125.4650-2-zhenzhong.duan@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
The message of max device speed setting is shown when
an error in spi_setup() occurs.
Instead, it should be shown when the setup call succeeds.
Signed-off-by: Oleksandr Suvorov <oleksandr.suvorov@toradex.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200229161841.89144-3-oleksandr.suvorov@toradex.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
The debug message in spidev_message() can show wrong xfer speed.
It happens if the initial (came from DT) and set with ioctl call spidev
speeds are different (spidev->speed_hz != spi->max_speed_hz) and one
sends a message with ioctl call and the field of speed is uninitialized
(u_tmp->speed_hz == 0).
In this case the kernel shows the spi->max_speed_hz value instead of
correct spidev->speed_hz.
...
set the max speed with an ioctl call:
[ 1227.702714] spidev spi0.0: setup mode 0, 32 bits/w, 20000000 Hz max --> 0
(real speed sets to 20000000Hz)
send a message with an ioctl call:
[ 1227.731801] spidev spi0.0: xfer len 4096 tx 32bits 0 usec 10000000Hz
(debug message shows 10000000Hz that is the original max speed of this
spidev came from DT)
...
Fix the data source for the debug message.
Signed-off-by: Oleksandr Suvorov <oleksandr.suvorov@toradex.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200229161841.89144-2-oleksandr.suvorov@toradex.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Commit f3186dd876 ("spi: Optionally use GPIO descriptors for CS GPIOs")
amended of_spi_parse_dt() to always set SPI_CS_HIGH for SPI slaves whose
Chip Select is defined by a "cs-gpios" devicetree property.
This change broke userspace applications which issue an SPI_IOC_WR_MODE
ioctl() to an spidev: Chip Select polarity will be incorrect unless the
application is changed to set SPI_CS_HIGH. And once changed, it will be
incompatible with kernels not containing the commit.
Fix by setting SPI_CS_HIGH in spidev_ioctl() (under the same conditions
as in of_spi_parse_dt()).
Fixes: f3186dd876 ("spi: Optionally use GPIO descriptors for CS GPIOs")
Reported-by: Simon Han <z.han@kunbus.com>
Signed-off-by: Lukas Wunner <lukas@wunner.de>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/fca3ba7cdc930cd36854666ceac4fbcf01b89028.1582027457.git.lukas@wunner.de
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.1+
The `delay` field has type `struct spi_delay`.
This allows users to specify nano-second or clock-cycle delays (if needed).
Converting to use `delay` is straightforward: it's just assigning the
value to `delay.value` and hard-coding the `delay.unit` to
`SPI_DELAY_UNIT_USECS`.
This keeps the uapi for spidev un-changed. Changing it can be part of
another changeset and discussion.
Signed-off-by: Alexandru Ardelean <alexandru.ardelean@analog.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190926105147.7839-14-alexandru.ardelean@analog.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
The `word_delay` field had it's type changed to `struct spi_delay`.
This allows users to specify nano-second or clock-cycle delays (if needed).
Converting to use `word_delay` is straightforward: it's just assigning the
value to `word_delay.value` and hard-coding the `word_delay.unit` to
`SPI_DELAY_UNIT_USECS`
This keeps the uapi for spidev un-changed. Changing it can be part of
another changeset and discussion.
Signed-off-by: Alexandru Ardelean <alexandru.ardelean@analog.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190926105147.7839-7-alexandru.ardelean@analog.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
This change is necessary for spidev devices (e.g. /dev/spidev3.0) working
in the slave mode (like NXP's dspi driver for Vybrid SoC).
When SPI HW works in this mode - the master is responsible for providing
CS and CLK signals. However, when some fault happens - like for example
distortion on SPI lines - the SPI Linux driver needs a chance to recover
from this abnormal situation and prepare itself for next (correct)
transmission.
This change doesn't pose any threat on drivers working in master mode as
spi_slave_abort() function checks if SPI slave mode is supported.
Signed-off-by: Lukasz Majewski <lukma@denx.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190924110547.14770-2-lukma@denx.de
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190925091143.15468-2-lukma@denx.de
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Based on 3 normalized pattern(s):
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
your option any later version this program is distributed in the
hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even
the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular
purpose see the gnu general public license for more details
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
your option any later version [author] [kishon] [vijay] [abraham]
[i] [kishon]@[ti] [com] this program is distributed in the hope that
it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied
warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see
the gnu general public license for more details
this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
your option any later version [author] [graeme] [gregory]
[gg]@[slimlogic] [co] [uk] [author] [kishon] [vijay] [abraham] [i]
[kishon]@[ti] [com] [based] [on] [twl6030]_[usb] [c] [author] [hema]
[hk] [hemahk]@[ti] [com] this program is distributed in the hope
that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular
purpose see the gnu general public license for more details
extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier
GPL-2.0-or-later
has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 1105 file(s).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana <rfontana@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070033.202006027@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Add compatible string for Menlosystems CPLD present on the M53Menlo
board. This CPLD is used to communicate with various custom sensors.
Signed-off-by: Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de>
To: linux-spi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Prepare to use devices on the external SPI interface
on a DH electronics Development Board.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Niedermaier <cniedermaier@dh-electronics.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/CAHk-=wg1tFzcaX2v9Z91vPJiBR486ddW5MtgDL02-fOen2F0Aw@mail.gmail.com/T/#m5b2d9ad3aeacea4bd6aa1964468ac074bf3aa5bf
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Merge tag 'stream_open-5.2' of https://lab.nexedi.com/kirr/linux
Pull stream_open conversion from Kirill Smelkov:
- remove unnecessary double nonseekable_open from drivers/char/dtlk.c
as noticed by Pavel Machek while reviewing nonseekable_open ->
stream_open mass conversion.
- the mass conversion patch promised in commit 10dce8af34 ("fs:
stream_open - opener for stream-like files so that read and write can
run simultaneously without deadlock") and is automatically generated
by running
$ make coccicheck MODE=patch COCCI=scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci
I've verified each generated change manually - that it is correct to
convert - and each other nonseekable_open instance left - that it is
either not correct to convert there, or that it is not converted due
to current stream_open.cocci limitations. More details on this in the
patch.
- finally, change VFS to pass ppos=NULL into .read/.write for files
that declare themselves streams. It was suggested by Rasmus Villemoes
and makes sure that if ppos starts to be erroneously used in a stream
file, such bug won't go unnoticed and will produce an oops instead of
creating illusion of position change being taken into account.
Note: this patch does not conflict with "fuse: Add FOPEN_STREAM to
use stream_open()" that will be hopefully coming via FUSE tree,
because fs/fuse/ uses new-style .read_iter/.write_iter, and for these
accessors position is still passed as non-pointer kiocb.ki_pos .
* tag 'stream_open-5.2' of https://lab.nexedi.com/kirr/linux:
vfs: pass ppos=NULL to .read()/.write() of FMODE_STREAM files
*: convert stream-like files from nonseekable_open -> stream_open
dtlk: remove double call to nonseekable_open
Using scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci added in 10dce8af34
("fs: stream_open - opener for stream-like files so that read and write
can run simultaneously without deadlock"), search and convert to
stream_open all in-kernel nonseekable_open users for which read and
write actually do not depend on ppos and where there is no other methods
in file_operations which assume @offset access.
I've verified each generated change manually - that it is correct to convert -
and each other nonseekable_open instance left - that it is either not correct
to convert there, or that it is not converted due to current stream_open.cocci
limitations. The script also does not convert files that should be valid to
convert, but that currently have .llseek = noop_llseek or generic_file_llseek
for unknown reason despite file being opened with nonseekable_open (e.g.
drivers/input/mousedev.c)
Among cases converted 14 were potentially vulnerable to read vs write deadlock
(see details in 10dce8af34):
drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c:1685:7-23: ERROR: cm4000_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/gnss/core.c:45:1-17: ERROR: gnss_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/hid/uhid.c:635:1-17: ERROR: uhid_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/infiniband/core/user_mad.c:988:1-17: ERROR: umad_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/input/evdev.c:527:1-17: ERROR: evdev_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/input/misc/uinput.c:401:1-17: ERROR: uinput_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/isdn/capi/capi.c:963:8-24: ERROR: capi_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/leds/uleds.c:77:1-17: ERROR: uleds_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/media/rc/lirc_dev.c:198:1-17: ERROR: lirc_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/s390/char/fs3270.c:488:1-17: ERROR: fs3270_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/usb/misc/ldusb.c:310:1-17: ERROR: ld_usb_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
drivers/xen/evtchn.c:667:8-24: ERROR: evtchn_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
net/batman-adv/icmp_socket.c:80:1-17: ERROR: batadv_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
net/rfkill/core.c:1146:8-24: ERROR: rfkill_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -> stream_open to fix.
and the rest were just safe to convert to stream_open because their read and
write do not use ppos at all and corresponding file_operations do not
have methods that assume @offset file access(*):
arch/powerpc/platforms/52xx/mpc52xx_gpt.c:631:8-24: WARNING: mpc52xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_ibox_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_ibox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_mbox_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_mbox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_wbox_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_wbox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/um/drivers/harddog_kern.c:88:8-24: WARNING: harddog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c:430:33-49: WARNING: microcode_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/char/ds1620.c:215:8-24: WARNING: ds1620_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/char/dtlk.c:301:1-17: WARNING: dtlk_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_watchdog.c:840:9-25: WARNING: ipmi_wdog_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/char/pcmcia/scr24x_cs.c:95:8-24: WARNING: scr24x_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/char/tb0219.c:246:9-25: WARNING: tb0219_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/firewire/nosy.c:306:8-24: WARNING: nosy_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/hwmon/fschmd.c:840:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/hwmon/w83793.c:1344:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1747:8-24: WARNING: ucma_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/infiniband/core/ucm.c:1178:8-24: WARNING: ucm_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/infiniband/core/uverbs_main.c:1086:8-24: WARNING: uverbs_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/input/joydev.c:282:1-17: WARNING: joydev_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c:393:1-17: WARNING: switchtec_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/platform/chrome/cros_ec_debugfs.c:135:8-24: WARNING: cros_ec_console_log_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/rtc/rtc-ds1374.c:470:9-25: WARNING: ds1374_wdt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/rtc/rtc-m41t80.c:805:9-25: WARNING: wdt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/s390/char/tape_char.c:293:2-18: WARNING: tape_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/s390/char/zcore.c:194:8-24: WARNING: zcore_reipl_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c:528:8-24: WARNING: zcrypt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/spi/spidev.c:594:1-17: WARNING: spidev_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/staging/pi433/pi433_if.c:974:1-17: WARNING: pi433_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c:203:8-24: WARNING: acq_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c:202:8-24: WARNING: advwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/alim1535_wdt.c:252:8-24: WARNING: ali_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/alim7101_wdt.c:217:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/ar7_wdt.c:166:8-24: WARNING: ar7_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/at91rm9200_wdt.c:113:8-24: WARNING: at91wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/ath79_wdt.c:135:8-24: WARNING: ath79_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/bcm63xx_wdt.c:119:8-24: WARNING: bcm63xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/cpu5wdt.c:143:8-24: WARNING: cpu5wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/cpwd.c:397:8-24: WARNING: cpwd_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c:319:8-24: WARNING: eurwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/f71808e_wdt.c:528:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/gef_wdt.c:232:8-24: WARNING: gef_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.c:95:8-24: WARNING: geodewdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c:241:8-24: WARNING: ibwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/ibmasr.c:326:8-24: WARNING: asr_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/indydog.c:80:8-24: WARNING: indydog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/intel_scu_watchdog.c:307:8-24: WARNING: intel_scu_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/iop_wdt.c:104:8-24: WARNING: iop_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/it8712f_wdt.c:330:8-24: WARNING: it8712f_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/ixp4xx_wdt.c:68:8-24: WARNING: ixp4xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/ks8695_wdt.c:145:8-24: WARNING: ks8695wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/m54xx_wdt.c:88:8-24: WARNING: m54xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/machzwd.c:336:8-24: WARNING: zf_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/mixcomwd.c:153:8-24: WARNING: mixcomwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/mtx-1_wdt.c:121:8-24: WARNING: mtx1_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c:136:8-24: WARNING: mv64x60_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/nuc900_wdt.c:134:8-24: WARNING: nuc900wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.c:164:8-24: WARNING: nv_tco_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c:289:8-24: WARNING: pc87413_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pcwd.c:698:8-24: WARNING: pcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pcwd.c:737:8-24: WARNING: pcwd_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c:581:8-24: WARNING: pcipcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c:623:8-24: WARNING: pcipcwd_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:488:8-24: WARNING: usb_pcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:527:8-24: WARNING: usb_pcwd_temperature_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pika_wdt.c:121:8-24: WARNING: pikawdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/pnx833x_wdt.c:119:8-24: WARNING: pnx833x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/rc32434_wdt.c:153:8-24: WARNING: rc32434_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/rdc321x_wdt.c:145:8-24: WARNING: rdc321x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/riowd.c:79:1-17: WARNING: riowd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c:62:8-24: WARNING: sa1100dog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sbc60xxwdt.c:211:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c:139:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c:274:8-24: WARNING: sbc8360_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sbc_epx_c3.c:81:8-24: WARNING: epx_c3_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sbc_fitpc2_wdt.c:78:8-24: WARNING: fitpc2_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sb_wdog.c:108:1-17: WARNING: sbwdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sc1200wdt.c:181:8-24: WARNING: sc1200wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sc520_wdt.c:261:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c:319:8-24: WARNING: sch311x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/scx200_wdt.c:105:8-24: WARNING: scx200_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/smsc37b787_wdt.c:369:8-24: WARNING: wb_smsc_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/w83877f_wdt.c:227:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/w83977f_wdt.c:301:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c:200:8-24: WARNING: wafwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c:828:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdrtas.c:379:8-24: WARNING: wdrtas_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdrtas.c:445:8-24: WARNING: wdrtas_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdt285.c:104:1-17: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdt977.c:276:8-24: WARNING: wdt977_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdt.c:424:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdt.c:484:8-24: WARNING: wdt_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c:464:8-24: WARNING: wdtpci_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c:527:8-24: WARNING: wdtpci_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
net/batman-adv/log.c:105:1-17: WARNING: batadv_log_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
sound/core/control.c:57:7-23: WARNING: snd_ctl_f_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
sound/core/rawmidi.c:385:7-23: WARNING: snd_rawmidi_f_ops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c:310:7-23: WARNING: snd_seq_f_ops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
sound/core/timer.c:1428:7-23: WARNING: snd_timer_f_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -> stream_open.
One can also recheck/review the patch via generating it with explanation comments included via
$ make coccicheck MODE=patch COCCI=scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci SPFLAGS="-D explain"
(*) This second group also contains cases with read/write deadlocks that
stream_open.cocci don't yet detect, but which are still valid to convert to
stream_open since ppos is not used. For example drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c
calls wait_for_completion_interruptible() in its .read, but stream_open.cocci
currently detects only "wait_event*" as blocking.
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Yongzhi Pan <panyongzhi@gmail.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Nikolaus Rath <Nikolaus@rath.org>
Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Cc: Anatolij Gustschin <agust@denx.de>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James R. Van Zandt" <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
Cc: Corey Minyard <minyard@acm.org>
Cc: Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>
Acked-by: Lubomir Rintel <lkundrak@v3.sk> [scr24x_cs]
Cc: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
Cc: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Cc: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@googlemail.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Cc: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.com>
Acked-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> [watchdog/* hwmon/*]
Cc: Rudolf Marek <r.marek@assembler.cz>
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Cc: Karsten Keil <isdn@linux-pingi.de>
Cc: Jacek Anaszewski <jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Cc: Kurt Schwemmer <kurt.schwemmer@microsemi.com>
Acked-by: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com> [drivers/pci/switch/switchtec]
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> [drivers/pci/switch/switchtec]
Cc: Benson Leung <bleung@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Enric Balletbo i Serra <enric.balletbo@collabora.com> [platform/chrome]
Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it>
Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> [rtc/*]
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@linux-watchdog.org>
Cc: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Cc: bcm-kernel-feedback-list@broadcom.com
Cc: Wan ZongShun <mcuos.com@gmail.com>
Cc: Zwane Mwaikambo <zwanem@gmail.com>
Cc: Marek Lindner <mareklindner@neomailbox.ch>
Cc: Simon Wunderlich <sw@simonwunderlich.de>
Cc: Antonio Quartulli <a@unstable.cc>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Kirill Smelkov <kirr@nexedi.com>
Commit b7bb367afa added support for inserting delays in between
individual words within a single SPI transaction. This makes it
accessible from userspace.
WARNING: This delay is silently ignored unless the SPI controller
implements extra support for it. This is similar to how the in-kernel
users handle the other existing property, spi_transfer->word_delay.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kundrát <jan.kundrat@cesnet.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
spidev will make a big fuss if a device tree node binds a device by
using "spidev" as the node's compatible property.
However, the logic for this isn't looking for "spidev" in the
compatible, but rather checking that the device is NOT compatible with
spidev's list of devices.
This causes a false positive if a device not named "rohm,dh2228fv", etc.
binds to spidev, even if a means other than putting "spidev" in the
device tree was used. E.g., the sysfs driver_override attribute.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@impinj.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kundrát <jan.kundrat@cesnet.cz>
Tested-by: Jan Kundrát <jan.kundrat@cesnet.cz>
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
With this commit the DSPI driver on the BK4 board can be used for SPI
transmission managed from user space (via /dev/spidev0.0).
Example usage/testing:
insmod ./spi-fsl-dspi.ko
./spidev_test -D /dev/spidev0.0 -s 3000000 -v -H -b 8 -p "\xCC\x11\x22\x74"
Signed-off-by: Lukasz Majewski <lukma@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Pull spi uaccess delousing from Al Viro:
"Getting rid of pointless __get_user() and friends in drivers/spi.
[ the only reason it's on a separate branch is that I hoped it would
be picked by spi folks; looks like mail asking them to grab it got
lost and I hadn't followed up on that ]"
* 'for-spi' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
spidev: quit messing with access_ok()
Use memdup_user() helper instead of open-coding to simplify the code.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
This removes an unused completion from spidev_sync.
It was introduced in
commit 25d5cb4b03 ("spi: remove some spidev oops-on-rmmod paths")
and it was no longer used after:
commit 98d6f47958 ("spi: spidev: use spi_sync instead of spi_async")
Signed-off-by: Seraphime Kirkovski (Haapie) <kirkseraph@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Add entry for the semtech sx1301 baseband processor implementing a LoRa
concentrator IP.
At this time this chip requires an spidev userspace driver.
Signed-off-by: Ben Whitten <ben.whitten@lairdtech.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve deRosier <derosier@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Entries are needed in the spidev ID list to configure configure it from a
device tree. Add entry for the following device:
- "ge,achc" : GE Healthcare USB Management Controller
The USB Management Controller does not expose USB to the host, but acts as
an offload engine, communicating with specific USB based data acquisition
devices which are connected to it, extracting the required data and
providing it to the host via other methods. SPI is used as an out-of-band
configuration channel.
Signed-off-by: Fabien Lahoudere <fabien.lahoudere@collabora.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Some IoT and maker software stacks are using spidev to perform raw access
to the SPI bus instead of relying existing drivers provided by the kernel.
They then implement their own "drivers" in userspace on top of the spidev
raw interface. This is far from being an ideal solution but we do not want
to prevent using mainline Linux in these devices.
Now, it turns out that Windows has similar SPI devices than spidev which
allow raw access on the SPI bus to userspace programs as described in the
link below:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/windows/hardware/drivers/spb/spi-tests-in-mitt
These SPI test devices are also meant to be used during development and
testing.
In order to allow usage of spidev for development and testing in Linux, add
those same ACPI IDs to the spidev driver (which is Linux counterpart of the
Windows SPI test devices), but complain loudly so that users know it is not
good idea to use it in production systems. Instead they should be using
proper drivers for peripherals connected to the SPI bus.
Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
We use the spi_lock spinlock to protect against races between the device
being removed and file operations on the spidev. This means that in the
removal path all references to the device need to be done under lock as
in removal we dropping references to the device.
Reported-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
On 64-bit with CONFIG_SPI_DEBUG=y and #define VERBOSE:
drivers/spi/spidev.c:287:3: warning: format '%zd' expects argument of type 'signed size_t', but argument 4 has type '__u32' [-Wformat=]
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
An spi_driver does not need to set an owner, it will be populated by the
driver core.
Signed-off-by: Andrew F. Davis <afd@ti.com>
Acked-by: Jonathan Cameron <jic23@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
During the last close we are freeing spidev if spidev->spi is NULL, but
just before checking if spidev->spi is NULL we are dereferencing it.
Lets add a check there to avoid the NULL dereference.
Fixes: 9169051617 ("spi: spidev: Don't mangle max_speed_hz in underlying spi device")
Signed-off-by: Sudip Mukherjee <sudip@vectorindia.org>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Nikula <jarkko.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Jarkko Nikula <jarkko.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Alexander Sverdlin