Tetsuo has reported:
Out of memory: Kill process 443 (oleg's-test) score 855 or sacrifice child
Killed process 443 (oleg's-test) total-vm:493248kB, anon-rss:423880kB, file-rss:4kB, shmem-rss:0kB
sh invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x24201ca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_COLD), order=0, oom_score_adj=0
sh cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
CPU: 2 PID: 1 Comm: sh Not tainted 4.6.0-rc7+ #51
Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware Virtual Platform/440BX Desktop Reference Platform, BIOS 6.00 07/31/2013
Call Trace:
dump_stack+0x85/0xc8
dump_header+0x5b/0x394
oom_reaper: reaped process 443 (oleg's-test), now anon-rss:0kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
In other words:
__oom_reap_task exit_mm
atomic_inc_not_zero
tsk->mm = NULL
mmput
atomic_dec_and_test # > 0
exit_oom_victim # New victim will be
# selected
<OOM killer invoked>
# no TIF_MEMDIE task so we can select a new one
unmap_page_range # to release the memory
The race exists even without the oom_reaper because anybody who pins the
address space and gets preempted might race with exit_mm but oom_reaper
made this race more probable.
We can address the oom_reaper part by using oom_lock for __oom_reap_task
because this would guarantee that a new oom victim will not be selected
if the oom reaper might race with the exit path. This doesn't solve the
original issue, though, because somebody else still might be pinning
mm_users and so __mmput won't be called to release the memory but that
is not really realiably solvable because the task will get away from the
oom sight as soon as it is unhashed from the task_list and so we cannot
guarantee a new victim won't be selected.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix use of unused `mm', Per Stephen]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Fixes: aac4536355 ("mm, oom: introduce oom reaper")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464271493-20008-1-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If the current process is exiting, we don't invoke oom killer, instead
we give it access to memory reserves and try to reap its mm in case
nobody is going to use it. There's a mistake in the code performing
this check - we just ignore any process of the same thread group no
matter if it is exiting or not - see try_oom_reaper. Fix it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464087628-7318-1-git-send-email-vdavydov@virtuozzo.com
Fixes: 3ef22dfff2 ("oom, oom_reaper: try to reap tasks which skip regular OOM killer path")Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Since commit 3a5dda7a17 ("oom: prevent unnecessary oom kills or kernel
panics"), select_bad_process() is using for_each_process_thread().
Since oom_unkillable_task() scans all threads in the caller's thread
group and oom_task_origin() scans signal_struct of the caller's thread
group, we don't need to call oom_unkillable_task() and oom_task_origin()
on each thread. Also, since !mm test will be done later at
oom_badness(), we don't need to do !mm test on each thread. Therefore,
we only need to do TIF_MEMDIE test on each thread.
Although the original code was correct it was quite inefficient because
each thread group was scanned num_threads times which can be a lot
especially with processes with many threads. Even though the OOM is
extremely cold path it is always good to be as effective as possible
when we are inside rcu_read_lock() - aka unpreemptible context.
If we track number of TIF_MEMDIE threads inside signal_struct, we don't
need to do TIF_MEMDIE test on each thread. This will allow
select_bad_process() to use for_each_process().
This patch adds a counter to signal_struct for tracking how many
TIF_MEMDIE threads are in a given thread group, and check it at
oom_scan_process_thread() so that select_bad_process() can use
for_each_process() rather than for_each_process_thread().
[mhocko@suse.com: do not blow the signal_struct size]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160520075035.GF19172@dhcp22.suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/201605182230.IDC73435.MVSOHLFOQFOJtF@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tetsuo has properly noted that mmput slow path might get blocked waiting
for another party (e.g. exit_aio waits for an IO). If that happens the
oom_reaper would be put out of the way and will not be able to process
next oom victim. We should strive for making this context as reliable
and independent on other subsystems as much as possible.
Introduce mmput_async which will perform the slow path from an async
(WQ) context. This will delay the operation but that shouldn't be a
problem because the oom_reaper has reclaimed the victim's address space
for most cases as much as possible and the remaining context shouldn't
bind too much memory anymore. The only exception is when mmap_sem
trylock has failed which shouldn't happen too often.
The issue is only theoretical but not impossible.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 36324a990c ("oom: clear TIF_MEMDIE after oom_reaper managed to
unmap the address space") not only clears TIF_MEMDIE for oom reaped task
but also set OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN for the target task to hide it from the
oom killer. This works in simple cases but it is not sufficient for
(unlikely) cases where the mm is shared between independent processes
(as they do not share signal struct). If the mm had only small amount
of memory which could be reaped then another task sharing the mm could
be selected and that wouldn't help to move out from the oom situation.
Introduce MMF_OOM_REAPED mm flag which is checked in oom_badness (same
as OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN) and task is skipped if the flag is set. Set the
flag after __oom_reap_task is done with a task. This will force the
select_bad_process() to ignore all already oom reaped tasks as well as
no such task is sacrificed for its parent.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Right now the oom reaper will clear TIF_MEMDIE only for tasks which were
successfully reaped. This is the safest option because we know that
such an oom victim would only block forward progress of the oom killer
without a good reason because it is highly unlikely it would release
much more memory. Basically most of its memory has been already torn
down.
We can relax this assumption to catch more corner cases though.
The first obvious one is when the oom victim clears its mm and gets
stuck later on. oom_reaper would back of on find_lock_task_mm returning
NULL. We can safely try to clear TIF_MEMDIE in this case because such a
task would be ignored by the oom killer anyway. The flag would be
cleared by that time already most of the time anyway.
The less obvious one is when the oom reaper fails due to mmap_sem
contention. Even if we clear TIF_MEMDIE for this task then it is not
very likely that we would select another task too easily because we
haven't reaped the last victim and so it would be still the #1
candidate. There is a rare race condition possible when the current
victim terminates before the next select_bad_process but considering
that oom_reap_task had retried several times before giving up then this
sounds like a borderline thing.
After this patch we should have a guarantee that the OOM killer will not
be block for unbounded amount of time for most cases.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Raushaniya Maksudova <rmaksudova@parallels.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If either the current task is already killed or PF_EXITING or a selected
task is PF_EXITING then the oom killer is suppressed and so is the oom
reaper. This patch adds try_oom_reaper which checks the given task and
queues it for the oom reaper if that is safe to be done meaning that the
task doesn't share the mm with an alive process.
This might help to release the memory pressure while the task tries to
exit.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix nommu build]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Raushaniya Maksudova <rmaksudova@parallels.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
__alloc_pages_may_oom is the central place to decide when the
out_of_memory should be invoked. This is a good approach for most
checks there because they are page allocator specific and the allocation
fails right after for all of them.
The notable exception is GFP_NOFS context which is faking
did_some_progress and keep the page allocator looping even though there
couldn't have been any progress from the OOM killer. This patch doesn't
change this behavior because we are not ready to allow those allocation
requests to fail yet (and maybe we will face the reality that we will
never manage to safely fail these request). Instead __GFP_FS check is
moved down to out_of_memory and prevent from OOM victim selection there.
There are two reasons for that
- OOM notifiers might release some memory even from this context
as none of the registered notifier seems to be FS related
- this might help a dying thread to get an access to memory
reserves and move on which will make the behavior more
consistent with the case when the task gets killed from a
different context.
Keep a comment in __alloc_pages_may_oom to make sure we do not forget
how GFP_NOFS is special and that we really want to do something about
it.
Note to the current oom_notifier users:
The observable difference for you is that oom notifiers cannot depend on
any fs locks because we could deadlock. Not that this would be allowed
today because that would just lockup machine in most of the cases and
ruling out the OOM killer along the way. Another difference is that
callbacks might be invoked sooner now because GFP_NOFS is a weaker
reclaim context and so there could be reclaimable memory which is just
not reachable now. That would require GFP_NOFS only loads which are
really rare and more importantly the observable result would be dropping
of reconstructible object and potential performance drop which is not
such a big deal when we are struggling to fulfill other important
allocation requests.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Raushaniya Maksudova <rmaksudova@parallels.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit bb29902a75 ("oom, oom_reaper: protect oom_reaper_list using
simpler way") has simplified the check for tasks already enqueued for
the oom reaper by checking tsk->oom_reaper_list != NULL. This check is
not sufficient because the tsk might be the head of the queue without
any other tasks queued and then we would simply lockup looping on the
same task. Fix the condition by checking for the head as well.
Fixes: bb29902a75 ("oom, oom_reaper: protect oom_reaper_list using simpler way")
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
"oom, oom_reaper: disable oom_reaper for oom_kill_allocating_task" tried
to protect oom_reaper_list using MMF_OOM_KILLED flag. But we can do it
by simply checking tsk->oom_reaper_list != NULL.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After "oom: clear TIF_MEMDIE after oom_reaper managed to unmap the
address space" oom_reaper will call exit_oom_victim on the target task
after it is done. This might however race with the PM freezer:
CPU0 CPU1 CPU2
freeze_processes
try_to_freeze_tasks
# Allocation request
out_of_memory
oom_killer_disable
wake_oom_reaper(P1)
__oom_reap_task
exit_oom_victim(P1)
wait_event(oom_victims==0)
[...]
do_exit(P1)
perform IO/interfere with the freezer
which breaks the oom_killer_disable semantic. We no longer have a
guarantee that the oom victim won't interfere with the freezer because
it might be anywhere on the way to do_exit while the freezer thinks the
task has already terminated. It might trigger IO or touch devices which
are frozen already.
In order to close this race, make the oom_reaper thread freezable. This
will work because
a) already running oom_reaper will block freezer to enter the
quiescent state
b) wake_oom_reaper will not wake up the reaper after it has been
frozen
c) the only way to call exit_oom_victim after try_to_freeze_tasks
is from the oom victim's context when we know the further
interference shouldn't be possible
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Entries are only added/removed from oom_reaper_list at head so we can
use a single linked list and hence save a word in task_struct.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tetsuo has reported that oom_kill_allocating_task=1 will cause
oom_reaper_list corruption because oom_kill_process doesn't follow
standard OOM exclusion (aka ignores TIF_MEMDIE) and allows to enqueue
the same task multiple times - e.g. by sacrificing the same child
multiple times.
This patch fixes the issue by introducing a new MMF_OOM_KILLED mm flag
which is set in oom_kill_process atomically and oom reaper is disabled
if the flag was already set.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
wake_oom_reaper has allowed only 1 oom victim to be queued. The main
reason for that was the simplicity as other solutions would require some
way of queuing. The current approach is racy and that was deemed
sufficient as the oom_reaper is considered a best effort approach to
help with oom handling when the OOM victim cannot terminate in a
reasonable time. The race could lead to missing an oom victim which can
get stuck
out_of_memory
wake_oom_reaper
cmpxchg // OK
oom_reaper
oom_reap_task
__oom_reap_task
oom_victim terminates
atomic_inc_not_zero // fail
out_of_memory
wake_oom_reaper
cmpxchg // fails
task_to_reap = NULL
This race requires 2 OOM invocations in a short time period which is not
very likely but certainly not impossible. E.g. the original victim
might have not released a lot of memory for some reason.
The situation would improve considerably if wake_oom_reaper used a more
robust queuing. This is what this patch implements. This means adding
oom_reaper_list list_head into task_struct (eat a hole before embeded
thread_struct for that purpose) and a oom_reaper_lock spinlock for
queuing synchronization. wake_oom_reaper will then add the task on the
queue and oom_reaper will dequeue it.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Andrea Argangeli <andrea@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Inform about the successful/failed oom_reaper attempts and dump all the
held locks to tell us more who is blocking the progress.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_MMU=n build]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Andrea Argangeli <andrea@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When oom_reaper manages to unmap all the eligible vmas there shouldn't
be much of the freable memory held by the oom victim left anymore so it
makes sense to clear the TIF_MEMDIE flag for the victim and allow the
OOM killer to select another task.
The lack of TIF_MEMDIE also means that the victim cannot access memory
reserves anymore but that shouldn't be a problem because it would get
the access again if it needs to allocate and hits the OOM killer again
due to the fatal_signal_pending resp. PF_EXITING check. We can safely
hide the task from the OOM killer because it is clearly not a good
candidate anymore as everyhing reclaimable has been torn down already.
This patch will allow to cap the time an OOM victim can keep TIF_MEMDIE
and thus hold off further global OOM killer actions granted the oom
reaper is able to take mmap_sem for the associated mm struct. This is
not guaranteed now but further steps should make sure that mmap_sem for
write should be blocked killable which will help to reduce such a lock
contention. This is not done by this patch.
Note that exit_oom_victim might be called on a remote task from
__oom_reap_task now so we have to check and clear the flag atomically
otherwise we might race and underflow oom_victims or wake up waiters too
early.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Suggested-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Argangeli <andrea@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch (of 5):
This is based on the idea from Mel Gorman discussed during LSFMM 2015
and independently brought up by Oleg Nesterov.
The OOM killer currently allows to kill only a single task in a good
hope that the task will terminate in a reasonable time and frees up its
memory. Such a task (oom victim) will get an access to memory reserves
via mark_oom_victim to allow a forward progress should there be a need
for additional memory during exit path.
It has been shown (e.g. by Tetsuo Handa) that it is not that hard to
construct workloads which break the core assumption mentioned above and
the OOM victim might take unbounded amount of time to exit because it
might be blocked in the uninterruptible state waiting for an event (e.g.
lock) which is blocked by another task looping in the page allocator.
This patch reduces the probability of such a lockup by introducing a
specialized kernel thread (oom_reaper) which tries to reclaim additional
memory by preemptively reaping the anonymous or swapped out memory owned
by the oom victim under an assumption that such a memory won't be needed
when its owner is killed and kicked from the userspace anyway. There is
one notable exception to this, though, if the OOM victim was in the
process of coredumping the result would be incomplete. This is
considered a reasonable constrain because the overall system health is
more important than debugability of a particular application.
A kernel thread has been chosen because we need a reliable way of
invocation so workqueue context is not appropriate because all the
workers might be busy (e.g. allocating memory). Kswapd which sounds
like another good fit is not appropriate as well because it might get
blocked on locks during reclaim as well.
oom_reaper has to take mmap_sem on the target task for reading so the
solution is not 100% because the semaphore might be held or blocked for
write but the probability is reduced considerably wrt. basically any
lock blocking forward progress as described above. In order to prevent
from blocking on the lock without any forward progress we are using only
a trylock and retry 10 times with a short sleep in between. Users of
mmap_sem which need it for write should be carefully reviewed to use
_killable waiting as much as possible and reduce allocations requests
done with the lock held to absolute minimum to reduce the risk even
further.
The API between oom killer and oom reaper is quite trivial.
wake_oom_reaper updates mm_to_reap with cmpxchg to guarantee only
NULL->mm transition and oom_reaper clear this atomically once it is done
with the work. This means that only a single mm_struct can be reaped at
the time. As the operation is potentially disruptive we are trying to
limit it to the ncessary minimum and the reaper blocks any updates while
it operates on an mm. mm_struct is pinned by mm_count to allow parallel
exit_mmap and a race is detected by atomic_inc_not_zero(mm_users).
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Argangeli <andrea@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
While oom_killer_disable() is called by freeze_processes() after all
user threads except the current thread are frozen, it is possible that
kernel threads invoke the OOM killer and sends SIGKILL to the current
thread due to sharing the thawed victim's memory. Therefore, checking
for SIGKILL is preferable than TIF_MEMDIE.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kernel style prefers a single string over split strings when the string is
'user-visible'.
Miscellanea:
- Add a missing newline
- Realign arguments
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> [percpu]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When the OOM killer scans tasks and encounters a PF_EXITING one, it
force-selects that task regardless of the score. The problem is that if
that task got stuck waiting for some state the allocation site is
holding, the OOM reaper can not move on to the next best victim.
Frankly, I don't even know why we check for exiting tasks in the OOM
killer. We've tried direct reclaim at least 15 times by the time we
decide the system is OOM, there was plenty of time to exit and free
memory; and a task might exit voluntarily right after we issue a kill.
This is testing pure noise. Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Argangeli <andrea@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It would be useful to translate gfp_flags into string representation
when printing in case of an OOM, especially as the flags have been
undergoing some changes recently and the script ./scripts/gfp-translate
needs a matching source version to be accurate.
Example output:
a.out invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x24280ca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|GFP_ZERO), order=0, om_score_adj=0
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently looking at /proc/<pid>/status or statm, there is no way to
distinguish shmem pages from pages mapped to a regular file (shmem pages
are mapped to /dev/zero), even though their implication in actual memory
use is quite different.
The internal accounting currently counts shmem pages together with
regular files. As a preparation to extend the userspace interfaces,
this patch adds MM_SHMEMPAGES counter to mm_rss_stat to account for
shmem pages separately from MM_FILEPAGES. The next patch will expose it
to userspace - this patch doesn't change the exported values yet, by
adding up MM_SHMEMPAGES to MM_FILEPAGES at places where MM_FILEPAGES was
used before. The only user-visible change after this patch is the OOM
killer message that separates the reported "shmem-rss" from "file-rss".
[vbabka@suse.cz: forward-porting, tweak changelog]
Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's possible that an oom killed victim shares an ->mm with the init
process and thus oom_kill_process() would end up trying to kill init as
well.
This has been shown in practice:
Out of memory: Kill process 9134 (init) score 3 or sacrifice child
Killed process 9134 (init) total-vm:1868kB, anon-rss:84kB, file-rss:572kB
Kill process 1 (init) sharing same memory
...
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x00000009
And this will result in a kernel panic.
If a process is forked by init and selected for oom kill while still
sharing init_mm, then it's likely this system is in a recoverable state.
However, it's better not to try to kill init and allow the machine to
panic due to unkillable processes.
[rientjes@google.com: rewrote changelog]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix inverted test, per Ben]
Signed-off-by: Chen Jie <chenjie6@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce is_sysrq_oom helper function indicating oom kill triggered
by sysrq to improve readability.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <bywxiaobai@163.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Both "child->mm == mm" and "p->mm != mm" checks in oom_kill_process() are
wrong. task->mm can be NULL if the task is the exited group leader. This
means in particular that "kill sharing same memory" loop can miss a
process with a zombie leader which uses the same ->mm.
Note: the process_has_mm(child, p->mm) check is still not 100% correct,
p->mm can be NULL too. This is minor, but probably deserves a fix or a
comment anyway.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: document process_shares_mm() a bit]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Kyle Walker <kwalker@redhat.com>
Cc: Stanislav Kozina <skozina@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Purely cosmetic, but the complex "if" condition looks annoying to me.
Especially because it is not consistent with OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN check
which adds another if/continue.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Kyle Walker <kwalker@redhat.com>
Cc: Stanislav Kozina <skozina@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The fatal_signal_pending() was added to suppress unnecessary "sharing same
memory" message, but it can't 100% help anyway because it can be
false-negative; SIGKILL can be already dequeued.
And worse, it can be false-positive due to exec or coredump. exec is
mostly fine, but coredump is not. It is possible that the group leader
has the pending SIGKILL because its sub-thread originated the coredump, in
this case we must not skip this process.
We could probably add the additional ->group_exit_task check but this
patch just removes the wrong check along with pr_info().
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Kyle Walker <kwalker@redhat.com>
Cc: Stanislav Kozina <skozina@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The oom killer takes task_lock() in a couple of places solely to protect
printing the task's comm.
A process's comm, including current's comm, may change due to
/proc/pid/comm or PR_SET_NAME.
The comm will always be NULL-terminated, so the worst race scenario would
only be during update. We can tolerate a comm being printed that is in
the middle of an update to avoid taking the lock.
Other locations in the kernel have already dropped task_lock() when
printing comm, so this is consistent.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
oom_kill_process() sends SIGKILL to other thread groups sharing victim's
mm. But printing
"Kill process %d (%s) sharing same memory\n"
lines makes no sense if they already have pending SIGKILL. This patch
reduces the "Kill process" lines by printing that line with info level
only if SIGKILL is not pending.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
At the for_each_process() loop in oom_kill_process(), we are comparing
address of OOM victim's mm without holding a reference to that mm. If
there are a lot of processes to compare or a lot of "Kill process %d (%s)
sharing same memory" messages to print, for_each_process() loop could take
very long time.
It is possible that meanwhile the OOM victim exits and releases its mm,
and then mm is allocated with the same address and assigned to some
unrelated process. When we hit such race, the unrelated process will be
killed by error. To make sure that the OOM victim's mm does not go away
until for_each_process() loop finishes, get a reference on the OOM
victim's mm before calling task_unlock(victim).
[oleg@redhat.com: several fixes]
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It was confirmed that a local unprivileged user can consume all memory
reserves and hang up that system using time lag between the OOM killer
sets TIF_MEMDIE on an OOM victim and sends SIGKILL to that victim, for
printk() inside for_each_process() loop at oom_kill_process() can consume
many seconds when there are many thread groups sharing the same memory.
Before starting oom-depleter process:
Node 0 DMA: 3*4kB (UM) 6*8kB (U) 4*16kB (UEM) 0*32kB 0*64kB 1*128kB (M) 2*256kB (EM) 2*512kB (UE) 2*1024kB (EM) 1*2048kB (E) 1*4096kB (M) = 9980kB
Node 0 DMA32: 31*4kB (UEM) 27*8kB (UE) 32*16kB (UE) 13*32kB (UE) 14*64kB (UM) 7*128kB (UM) 8*256kB (UM) 8*512kB (UM) 3*1024kB (U) 4*2048kB (UM) 362*4096kB (UM) = 1503220kB
As of invoking the OOM killer:
Node 0 DMA: 11*4kB (UE) 8*8kB (UEM) 6*16kB (UE) 2*32kB (EM) 0*64kB 1*128kB (U) 3*256kB (UEM) 2*512kB (UE) 3*1024kB (UEM) 1*2048kB (U) 0*4096kB = 7308kB
Node 0 DMA32: 1049*4kB (UEM) 507*8kB (UE) 151*16kB (UE) 53*32kB (UEM) 83*64kB (UEM) 52*128kB (EM) 25*256kB (UEM) 11*512kB (M) 6*1024kB (UM) 1*2048kB (M) 0*4096kB = 44556kB
Between the thread group leader got TIF_MEMDIE and receives SIGKILL:
Node 0 DMA: 0*4kB 0*8kB 0*16kB 0*32kB 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 0kB
Node 0 DMA32: 0*4kB 0*8kB 0*16kB 0*32kB 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 0kB
The oom-depleter's thread group leader which got TIF_MEMDIE started
memset() in user space after the OOM killer set TIF_MEMDIE, and it was
free to abuse ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS by TIF_MEMDIE for memset() in user space
until SIGKILL is delivered. If SIGKILL is delivered before TIF_MEMDIE is
set, the oom-depleter can terminate without touching memory reserves.
Although the possibility of hitting this time lag is very small for 3.19
and earlier kernels because TIF_MEMDIE is set immediately before sending
SIGKILL, preemption or long interrupts (an extreme example is SysRq-t) can
step between and allow memory allocations which are not needed for
terminating the OOM victim.
Fixes: 83363b917a ("oom: make sure that TIF_MEMDIE is set under task_lock")
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.0+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The "killed" variable in out_of_memory() can be removed since the call to
oom_kill_process() where we should block to allow the process time to
exit is obvious.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sysrq+f is used to kill a process either for debug or when the VM is
otherwise unresponsive.
It is not intended to trigger a panic when no process may be killed.
Avoid panicking the system for sysrq+f when no processes are killed.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The force_kill member of struct oom_control isn't needed if an order of -1
is used instead. This is the same as order == -1 in struct
compact_control which requires full memory compaction.
This patch introduces no functional change.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are essential elements to an oom context that are passed around to
multiple functions.
Organize these elements into a new struct, struct oom_control, that
specifies the context for an oom condition.
This patch introduces no functional change.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In oom_kill_process(), the variable 'points' is unsigned int. Print it as
such.
Signed-off-by: Wang Long <long.wanglong@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The zonelist locking and the oom_sem are two overlapping locks that are
used to serialize global OOM killing against different things.
The historical zonelist locking serializes OOM kills from allocations with
overlapping zonelists against each other to prevent killing more tasks
than necessary in the same memory domain. Only when neither tasklists nor
zonelists from two concurrent OOM kills overlap (tasks in separate memcgs
bound to separate nodes) are OOM kills allowed to execute in parallel.
The younger oom_sem is a read-write lock to serialize OOM killing against
the PM code trying to disable the OOM killer altogether.
However, the OOM killer is a fairly cold error path, there is really no
reason to optimize for highly performant and concurrent OOM kills. And
the oom_sem is just flat-out redundant.
Replace both locking schemes with a single global mutex serializing OOM
kills regardless of context.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Disabling the OOM killer needs to exclude allocators from entering, not
existing victims from exiting.
Right now the only waiter is suspend code, which achieves quiescence by
disabling the OOM killer. But later on we want to add waits that hold
the lock instead to stop new victims from showing up.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It turns out that the mechanism to wait for exiting OOM victims is less
generic than it looks: it won't issue wakeups unless the OOM killer is
disabled.
The reason this check was added was the thought that, since only the OOM
disabling code would wait on this queue, wakeup operations could be
saved when that specific consumer is known to be absent.
However, this is quite the handgrenade. Later attempts to reuse the
waitqueue for other purposes will lead to completely unexpected bugs and
the failure mode will appear seemingly illogical. Generally, providers
shouldn't make unnecessary assumptions about consumers.
This could have been replaced with waitqueue_active(), but it only saves
a few instructions in one of the coldest paths in the kernel. Simply
remove it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
exit_oom_victim() already knows that TIF_MEMDIE is set, and nobody else
can clear it concurrently. Use clear_thread_flag() directly.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Rename unmark_oom_victim() to exit_oom_victim(). Marking and unmarking
are related in functionality, but the interface is not symmetrical at
all: one is an internal OOM killer function used during the killing, the
other is for an OOM victim to signal its own death on exit later on.
This has locking implications, see follow-up changes.
While at it, rename mark_tsk_oom_victim() to mark_oom_victim(), which
is easier on the eye.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Setting oom_killer_disabled to false is atomic, there is no need for
further synchronization with ongoing allocations trying to OOM-kill.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If kernel panics due to oom, caused by a cgroup reaching its limit, when
'compulsory panic_on_oom' is enabled, then we will only see that the OOM
happened because of "compulsory panic_on_oom is enabled" but this doesn't
tell the difference between mempolicy and memcg. And dumping system wide
information is plain wrong and more confusing. This patch provides the
information of the cgroup whose limit triggerred panic
Signed-off-by: Balasubramani Vivekanandan <balasubramani_vivekanandan@mentor.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Dave noticed that unprivileged process can allocate significant amount of
memory -- >500 MiB on x86_64 -- and stay unnoticed by oom-killer and
memory cgroup. The trick is to allocate a lot of PMD page tables. Linux
kernel doesn't account PMD tables to the process, only PTE.
The use-cases below use few tricks to allocate a lot of PMD page tables
while keeping VmRSS and VmPTE low. oom_score for the process will be 0.
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#define PUD_SIZE (1UL << 30)
#define PMD_SIZE (1UL << 21)
#define NR_PUD 130000
int main(void)
{
char *addr = NULL;
unsigned long i;
prctl(PR_SET_THP_DISABLE);
for (i = 0; i < NR_PUD ; i++) {
addr = mmap(addr + PUD_SIZE, PUD_SIZE, PROT_WRITE|PROT_READ,
MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
perror("mmap");
break;
}
*addr = 'x';
munmap(addr, PMD_SIZE);
mmap(addr, PMD_SIZE, PROT_WRITE|PROT_READ,
MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED, -1, 0);
if (addr == MAP_FAILED)
perror("re-mmap"), exit(1);
}
printf("PID %d consumed %lu KiB in PMD page tables\n",
getpid(), i * 4096 >> 10);
return pause();
}
The patch addresses the issue by account PMD tables to the process the
same way we account PTE.
The main place where PMD tables is accounted is __pmd_alloc() and
free_pmd_range(). But there're few corner cases:
- HugeTLB can share PMD page tables. The patch handles by accounting
the table to all processes who share it.
- x86 PAE pre-allocates few PMD tables on fork.
- Architectures with FIRST_USER_ADDRESS > 0. We need to adjust sanity
check on exit(2).
Accounting only happens on configuration where PMD page table's level is
present (PMD is not folded). As with nr_ptes we use per-mm counter. The
counter value is used to calculate baseline for badness score by
oom-killer.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 5695be142e ("OOM, PM: OOM killed task shouldn't escape PM
suspend") has left a race window when OOM killer manages to
note_oom_kill after freeze_processes checks the counter. The race
window is quite small and really unlikely and partial solution deemed
sufficient at the time of submission.
Tejun wasn't happy about this partial solution though and insisted on a
full solution. That requires the full OOM and freezer's task freezing
exclusion, though. This is done by this patch which introduces oom_sem
RW lock and turns oom_killer_disable() into a full OOM barrier.
oom_killer_disabled check is moved from the allocation path to the OOM
level and we take oom_sem for reading for both the check and the whole
OOM invocation.
oom_killer_disable() takes oom_sem for writing so it waits for all
currently running OOM killer invocations. Then it disable all the further
OOMs by setting oom_killer_disabled and checks for any oom victims.
Victims are counted via mark_tsk_oom_victim resp. unmark_oom_victim. The
last victim wakes up all waiters enqueued by oom_killer_disable().
Therefore this function acts as the full OOM barrier.
The page fault path is covered now as well although it was assumed to be
safe before. As per Tejun, "We used to have freezing points deep in file
system code which may be reacheable from page fault." so it would be
better and more robust to not rely on freezing points here. Same applies
to the memcg OOM killer.
out_of_memory tells the caller whether the OOM was allowed to trigger and
the callers are supposed to handle the situation. The page allocation
path simply fails the allocation same as before. The page fault path will
retry the fault (more on that later) and Sysrq OOM trigger will simply
complain to the log.
Normally there wouldn't be any unfrozen user tasks after
try_to_freeze_tasks so the function will not block. But if there was an
OOM killer racing with try_to_freeze_tasks and the OOM victim didn't
finish yet then we have to wait for it. This should complete in a finite
time, though, because
- the victim cannot loop in the page fault handler (it would die
on the way out from the exception)
- it cannot loop in the page allocator because all the further
allocation would fail and __GFP_NOFAIL allocations are not
acceptable at this stage
- it shouldn't be blocked on any locks held by frozen tasks
(try_to_freeze expects lockless context) and kernel threads and
work queues are not frozen yet
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
oom_kill_process only sets TIF_MEMDIE flag and sends a signal to the
victim. This is basically noop when the task is frozen though because the
task sleeps in the uninterruptible sleep. The victim is eventually thawed
later when oom_scan_process_thread meets the task again in a later OOM
invocation so the OOM killer doesn't live lock. But this is less than
optimal.
Let's add __thaw_task into mark_tsk_oom_victim after we set TIF_MEMDIE to
the victim. We are not checking whether the task is frozen because that
would be racy and __thaw_task does that already. oom_scan_process_thread
doesn't need to care about freezer anymore as TIF_MEMDIE and freezer are
excluded completely now.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patchset addresses a race which was described in the changelog for
5695be142e ("OOM, PM: OOM killed task shouldn't escape PM suspend"):
: PM freezer relies on having all tasks frozen by the time devices are
: getting frozen so that no task will touch them while they are getting
: frozen. But OOM killer is allowed to kill an already frozen task in order
: to handle OOM situtation. In order to protect from late wake ups OOM
: killer is disabled after all tasks are frozen. This, however, still keeps
: a window open when a killed task didn't manage to die by the time
: freeze_processes finishes.
The original patch hasn't closed the race window completely because that
would require a more complex solution as it can be seen by this patchset.
The primary motivation was to close the race condition between OOM killer
and PM freezer _completely_. As Tejun pointed out, even though the race
condition is unlikely the harder it would be to debug weird bugs deep in
the PM freezer when the debugging options are reduced considerably. I can
only speculate what might happen when a task is still runnable
unexpectedly.
On a plus side and as a side effect the oom enable/disable has a better
(full barrier) semantic without polluting hot paths.
I have tested the series in KVM with 100M RAM:
- many small tasks (20M anon mmap) which are triggering OOM continually
- s2ram which resumes automatically is triggered in a loop
echo processors > /sys/power/pm_test
while true
do
echo mem > /sys/power/state
sleep 1s
done
- simple module which allocates and frees 20M in 8K chunks. If it sees
freezing(current) then it tries another round of allocation before calling
try_to_freeze
- debugging messages of PM stages and OOM killer enable/disable/fail added
and unmark_oom_victim is delayed by 1s after it clears TIF_MEMDIE and before
it wakes up waiters.
- rebased on top of the current mmotm which means some necessary updates
in mm/oom_kill.c. mark_tsk_oom_victim is now called under task_lock but
I think this should be OK because __thaw_task shouldn't interfere with any
locking down wake_up_process. Oleg?
As expected there are no OOM killed tasks after oom is disabled and
allocations requested by the kernel thread are failing after all the tasks
are frozen and OOM disabled. I wasn't able to catch a race where
oom_killer_disable would really have to wait but I kinda expected the race
is really unlikely.
[ 242.609330] Killed process 2992 (mem_eater) total-vm:24412kB, anon-rss:2164kB, file-rss:4kB
[ 243.628071] Unmarking 2992 OOM victim. oom_victims: 1
[ 243.636072] (elapsed 2.837 seconds) done.
[ 243.641985] Trying to disable OOM killer
[ 243.643032] Waiting for concurent OOM victims
[ 243.644342] OOM killer disabled
[ 243.645447] Freezing remaining freezable tasks ... (elapsed 0.005 seconds) done.
[ 243.652983] Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug)
[ 243.903299] kmem_eater: page allocation failure: order:1, mode:0x204010
[...]
[ 243.992600] PM: suspend of devices complete after 336.667 msecs
[ 243.993264] PM: late suspend of devices complete after 0.660 msecs
[ 243.994713] PM: noirq suspend of devices complete after 1.446 msecs
[ 243.994717] ACPI: Preparing to enter system sleep state S3
[ 243.994795] PM: Saving platform NVS memory
[ 243.994796] Disabling non-boot CPUs ...
The first 2 patches are simple cleanups for OOM. They should go in
regardless the rest IMO.
Patches 3 and 4 are trivial printk -> pr_info conversion and they should
go in ditto.
The main patch is the last one and I would appreciate acks from Tejun and
Rafael. I think the OOM part should be OK (except for __thaw_task vs.
task_lock where a look from Oleg would appreciated) but I am not so sure I
haven't screwed anything in the freezer code. I have found several
surprises there.
This patch (of 5):
This patch is just a preparatory and it doesn't introduce any functional
change.
Note:
I am utterly unhappy about lowmemory killer abusing TIF_MEMDIE just to
wait for the oom victim and to prevent from new killing. This is
just a side effect of the flag. The primary meaning is to give the oom
victim access to the memory reserves and that shouldn't be necessary
here.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
OOM killer tries to exclude tasks which do not have mm_struct associated
because killing such a task wouldn't help much. The OOM victim gets
TIF_MEMDIE set to disable OOM killer while the current victim releases the
memory and then enables the OOM killer again by dropping the flag.
oom_kill_process is currently prone to a race condition when the OOM
victim is already exiting and TIF_MEMDIE is set after the task releases
its address space. This might theoretically lead to OOM livelock if the
OOM victim blocks on an allocation later during exiting because it
wouldn't kill any other process and the exiting one won't be able to exit.
The situation is highly unlikely because the OOM victim is expected to
release some memory which should help to sort out OOM situation.
Fix this by checking task->mm and setting TIF_MEMDIE flag under task_lock
which will serialize the OOM killer with exit_mm which sets task->mm to
NULL. Setting the flag for current is not necessary because check and set
is not racy.
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
out_of_memory() doesn't trigger the OOM killer if the current task is
already exiting or it has fatal signals pending, and gives the task
access to memory reserves instead. However, doing so is wrong if
out_of_memory() is called by an allocation (e.g. from exit_task_work())
after the current task has already released its memory and cleared
TIF_MEMDIE at exit_mm(). If we again set TIF_MEMDIE to post-exit_mm()
current task, the OOM killer will be blocked by the task sitting in the
final schedule() waiting for its parent to reap it. It will trigger an
OOM livelock if its parent is unable to reap it due to doing an
allocation and waiting for the OOM killer to kill it.
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Michal Hocko