This updates the Primary Vendor-Specific Extended Query parsing to
version 1.4 in order to get the information about the Configurable
Programming Mode regions implemented in the Sibley flash, as well as
selecting the appropriate write command code.
This flash does not behave like traditional NOR flash when writing data.
While mtdblock should just work, further changes are needed for JFFS2 use.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This includes improved error handling/reporting plus some other
message cleanups.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This type of flash translation layer (FTL) is used by the Embedded BIOS
by General Software. It is known as the Resident Flash Disk (RFD), see:
http://www.gensw.com/pages/prod/bios/rfd.htm
Signed-off-by: Sean Young <sean@mess.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
I recently picked up my older work to remove unnecessary #includes of
sched.h, starting from a patch by Dave Jones to not include sched.h
from module.h. This reduces the number of indirect includes of sched.h
by ~300. Another ~400 pointless direct includes can be removed after
this disentangling (patch to follow later).
However, quite a few indirect includes need to be fixed up for this.
In order to feed the patches through -mm with as little disturbance as
possible, I've split out the fixes I accumulated up to now (complete for
i386 and x86_64, more archs to follow later) and post them before the real
patch. This way this large part of the patch is kept simple with only
adding #includes, and all hunks are independent of each other. So if any
hunk rejects or gets in the way of other patches, just drop it. My scripts
will pick it up again in the next round.
Signed-off-by: Tim Schmielau <tim@physik3.uni-rostock.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Convert everyone who uses platform_bus_type to include
linux/platform_device.h.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Unfortunately, some devices forgot to reset the flash on reboot.
Arrange for the map driver to suspend & resume the flash to
ensure that it is in a sane state before rebooting.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
In PM v1, all devices were called at SUSPEND_DISABLE level. Then
all devices were called at SUSPEND_SAVE_STATE level, and finally
SUSPEND_POWER_DOWN level. However, with PM v2, to maintain
compatibility for platform devices, I arranged for the PM v2
suspend/resume callbacks to call the old PM v1 suspend/resume
callbacks three times with each level in order so that existing
drivers continued to work.
Since this is obsolete infrastructure which is no longer necessary,
we can remove it. Here's an (untested) patch to do exactly that.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The previous patch adding the ability to nest struct class_device
changed the paramaters to the call class_device_create(). This patch
fixes up all in-kernel users of the function.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
It's pointless to include mach-types.h if you're not going to use
anything from it. These references were removed as a result of:
grep -lr 'asm/mach-types\.h' . | xargs grep -L 'machine_is_\|MACH_TYPE_\|MACHINE_START\|machine_type'
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Fix namespace clash:
drivers/mtd/devices/docecc.c:43:1: warning: "DEBUG" redefined
In file included from drivers/mtd/devices/docecc.c:40:
include/linux/mtd/mtd.h:219:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition
Signed-off-by: Grant Coady <gcoady@gmail.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add partition definitions for the new Sharp Zaurus models Spitz (SL-C3000),
Akita (SL-C1000) and Borzoi (SL-C3100)
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We should not call mtd_put_device() in the uclinux MTD map driver.
Also consistently use phys/virt fields of maps map_info struct,
instead of mixing it with map_priv_1.
Signed-off-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@uclinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch does a full cleanup of 'NULL checks before vfree', and a partial
cleanup of calls to kfree for all of drivers/ - the kfree bit is partial in
that I only did the files that also had vfree calls in them. The patch
also gets rid of some redundant (void *) casts of pointers being passed to
[vk]free, and a some tiny whitespace corrections also crept in.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch adds a new kernel debug feature: CONFIG_DETECT_SOFTLOCKUP.
When enabled then per-CPU watchdog threads are started, which try to run
once per second. If they get delayed for more than 10 seconds then a
callback from the timer interrupt detects this condition and prints out a
warning message and a stack dump (once per lockup incident). The feature
is otherwise non-intrusive, it doesnt try to unlock the box in any way, it
only gets the debug info out, automatically, and on all CPUs affected by
the lockup.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-Off-By: Matthias Urlichs <smurf@smurf.noris.de>
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
mtdchar return -EINVAL for seek prior to offset 0 or to beyond the last
byte in the device/partition, similar to various other seek methods,
instead of fixing up to first or last byte.
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Remove useless udelay(100) after status value already read. Poll
for status OK with reduced udelay if not immediate OK status return.
Fix read and compare of 32-bit status value using 16-bit variable.
Include slab.h since kmalloc/kfree are called.
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
mtdblock (and other mtd modules that use the mtd_blkdevs interface
between the mtd translation layers and the linux block layer) handles
incorrectly more than 10 devices or 26 partitions in the names passed to
the generic disk layer. This causes the device file names and other
info kept by the generic disk/block layers to have names such as
"mtdblock<". Use integer formatting for device numbers; use "aa-az"
for partitions 27-52, "ba-bz" for 53-78...
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Remove mtd_blkdevs refs to the no longer functional DEVFS filesystem.
Verified mtdblock continues to work fine via udev with these calls
removed.
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Modify Amd/Fujitsu CFI NOR flash primary vendor extension table revision
check to recognize version 1.4. Verified the existing driver can
handle version 1.4 chips without additional info from 1.4 extended table.
Move the primary vendor extension table revision check from common file
to the 3 CFI chip driver files, since the data structures and revisions
handled by those data structures are specific to the chip driver.
Modify the error message printed when the revision is unknown to be a
KERN_ERR instead of WARNING since this will cause mtd to ignore the chip.
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
turn many #if $undefined_string into #ifdef $undefined_string to fix some
warnings after -Wno-def was added to global CFLAGS
Signed-off-by: Olaf Hering <olh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The previous change to read a single byte from oob breaks the
bad block scan on 16 bit devices, when the byte is on an odd
address. Read the complete oob for now.
Remove the unused arguments from check_short_pattern()
Move the wait for ready function so it is only executed when
consecutive reads happen.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
ARM is the only known user of this at the moment.
Prevent allyes builds for other archs from failing
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
As a follow-up, remove the inclusion of pcmcia/version.h in many files.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Move the "event handler" to struct pcmcia_driver -- the unified event handler
will disappear really soon, but switching it to struct pcmcia_driver in the
meantime allows for better "step-by-step" patches.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This prevents it from automatically getting loaded by hotplug because
we happen to notice you have this chipset. Let's stick with having to
load the drivers which let you overwrite your BIOS _manually_
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fix OOPs if there was no platform set information passed
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
From: David Brownell, Jian Zhang <jzhang@ti.com>, Tony Lindgren
<tony@atomide.com> and others.
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The drivers are unmaintained since long and reference include files
which are not available in the kernel. Original author is not longer
responsible and no new maintainer showed up within 3 month.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Switch from DEVFS to udev for dynamic creation of device nodes for mtd
char devices.
Creates a new LDM class "mtd" with writeable and read-only devices
registered for each mtdchar device.
From: Paolo Galtieri <pgaltieri@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Patch from Catalin Marinas
This patch calculates the AFS partition length by expanding the image
length information to the nearest erase block boundary. This
eliminates the problems with JFFS2 erasing the footer.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Replace KSEG1ADDR() with CKSEG1ADDR() as the former does not work for
64-bit configurations anymore.
Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fix error in timing generation, Tacls is only in the range 0..3
Add proper support for the s3c2440 NAND controller, which has now
been tested on several s3c2440 implementations.
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add alignment to cmdline.
From: "Timofei V. Bondarenko" <tim@ipi.ac.ru>
Signed-off-by: Joern Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The code was wrong in several aspects. The locking order was
inconsistent, the device aquire code did not reset a variable
after a wakeup and the wakeup handling was not working for
applications where multiple chips are sharing a single
hardware controller.
When a hardware controller is available the locking is now
reduced to the hardware controller lock and the waitqueue is
moved to the hardware controller structure in order to avoid
a wake_up_all().
The problem was pointed out by Ben Dooks, who also found the
missing variable reset as main cause for his deadlock problem.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add pcmcia_device_id table to pcmciamtd. The binding of anonymus cards (i.e.
those who do neither report MANFID, CARDID, FUNCID nor product strings) is
protected by a new config option.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Check for errors besides infinite loops when writing and erasing.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederman@lnxi.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This reworks the XIP locking to make sure no lock primitive is ever
called from XIP disabled paths even if in theory they should not
cause any reschedule. Relying on the current spinlock implementation
is rather fragile and not especially clean from an abstraction pov.
The recent RT work makes it even more obvious.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
- Lindent
- Removal of slram/phram functionality
- Removal of most #ifdefs
Signed-off-by: Joern Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reverting the change from 1.136 to 1.137 (back to static allocation of ecc
arrays) due to stack corruption and ecc errors.
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Lavinen <jarkko.lavinen@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add helpful comment about oobfree so I can't claim two years from
now that I don't remember what I was thinking.
Signed-off-by: Dan Brown <dan_brown@ieee.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Try not to break existing jffs2 installs, instead break oobfree into
two out-of-order pieces.
Signed-off-by: Dan Brown <dan_brown@ieee.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Version 1.137 broke nand_read_ecc clients who pass NULL oobsel. Fixed.
Signed-off-by: Dan Brown <dan_brown@ieee.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
to make sure the flash is in array mode whenever we're about to
reboot. This is especially useful to allow "soft" reboot to work
which consists of branching back into the bootloader.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Skip jiffy delay after each block lock/unlock for Intel CFI flash
with the "Instant Individual Block Locking" feature bit set.
Signed-off-by: Todd Poynor <tpoynor@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Use the new NAND_SKIP_BBT option instead of defining a fake scan_bbt
handler.
Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityuckiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Setting the slowport to 8-bit mode is something that ought to be
done in the IXP2000 generic code, not in the MTD map driver. See
the description for ARM patch 2493/1 for an explanation.
http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/patches/viewpatch.php?id=2493/1
Now that 2493/1 has been accepted and will be upstream soon, this
doesn't need to be done in the map driver anymore.
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@wantstofly.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Updated with tglx's suggestion to simply the command invocation by
simply changing the address of the IO write area
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
oldstate has to be reset to FL_READY after sync completion.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The change makes the code endianess aware and replaces the bogus
nested loop to or the status flags together.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Jffs2 apparently needs this.
Accept newline at the end of input.
Signed-off-by: Joern Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
- Remove Gareth from the Copyrights (at his own request)
- Fix the "fscking embarrassment"
Signed-off-by: Joern Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Remove support for the Arcom Elan-104NC since it's no longer being maintained.
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <dvrabel@arcom.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Replace msleep by cond_resched. On machines with HZ=100 (e.g. ARM)
msleep slows down the operation by factor 10
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This driver does not have as many options but it's easier to maintain.
And, it turns out AMD never shipped boards with different flash densities.
Signed-off-by: Pete Popov <ppopov@pacbell.net>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Nyberg <alexn@dsv.su.se>
Signed-off-by: Joern Engel <joern@wohnheim.fh-wedel.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Check timeout while we wait for the command to finish. No worry about a
false result. This prevents deadlocking when detecting an unknown number
of chips and is useful for removable media too.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Do not use the ready function here, as it might hang for ever.
The result will show, whether the chip is there or not
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fix sparse errors due to lack of address-space markers
Updated header comments
Small re-format of initialiser
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
update the BAST driver config (which already supports the vr1000) to
be selected only if the vr1000 has been configured
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Scan 1st and 2nd pages of SP devices for BB marker by default.
Fix more then one page scanning in create_bbt.c.
Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityuckiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Move manufacturer ID search to display correct ID in case of buswidth
mismatch.
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The change to the generic probe to look for the
smallest width of chip first is causing some problems
on boards with a single 16bit device.
The problem seems to be the jedec_match() is truncating
the device-id read from the table to match against the
one read from the hardware, causing a match against the
partial id of some chips with 16bit IDs (such as the
SST39LF160)
This fixes things for my own board, but something may
need to be done if the same problem is exhibited for
chips with an 8bit ID
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
When scanning NAND for bad blocks, don't read the whole page, read
only needed OOB bytes instead. Also check the return code of the
nand_read_raw() function. Correctly free the this->bbt array in
case of failure. Tested with Large page NAND.
Fix debugging message.
Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityuckiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Small bugfix. Sometimes it may be handy not to have bbt.
So, this->bbt might be NULL.
Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityuckiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This is implemented using a ioctl to switch the MTD char device into
one of the different OTP "modes", at which point read/write/seek can
operate on the selected OTP area. Also some extra ioctls to query
for size and lock protection segments or groups. Some example user
space utilities are provided.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This enables support for reading, writing and locking so called
"Protection Registers" present on some flash chips.
A subset of them are pre-programmed at the factory with a
unique set of values. The rest is user-programmable.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* Removed table entry for AM29BDS643D, since device ID clashes with AM29DL640G
and both chips support CFI.
Signed-off-by: Jonas Holmberg <jonas.holmberg@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Try larger numbers of chips before smaller
numbers of chips across the bus width.
This means we'll avoid misdetecting a 2 x16 array as 1 x32 if the
high 16-bits happen to read as zeros in the QRY area.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Added routine to perform extra error status checks on erase and write
failures to determine if errors are correctable.
Added option to prevent JFFS2 from using virtual erase blocks.
Performed minor cleanup on whitespace and comments.
Signed-off-by: David A. Marlin <dmarlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add optional hardware specific callback routine to perform extra error
status checks on erase and write failures for devices with hardware ECC.
Signed-off-by: David A. Marlin <dmarlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Driver for generic RAM blocks which are exported by an platform_device
from the device driver system.
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Ensure the whole device is added if there are no partitions found on the
device, so that at least the flash can be read/written.
Replace some of the constants with their SZ_xxx counterparts
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add routine to perform device recovery (deplete) procedure.
Clean up some compiler warnings.
Signed-off-by: David A. Marlin <dmarlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Added workaround for Renesas AG-AND chips "disturb" issue
for Bad Block Table.
Added support for the device recovery command sequence
for Renesas AG-AND chips.
Signed-off-by: David A. Marlin <dmarlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Added extended commands for AG-AND device and added
option for BBT_AUTO_REFRESH.
Signed-off-by: David A. Marlin <dmarlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
For the case that mtd partitions are enabled it would cause a 0-pointer
dereferencing in mtdpart.c:mtd_erase_callback()
Signed-off-by: Herbert Valerio Riedel <hvr@inso.tuwien.ac.at>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add error checks to read/write functions and add an eraseblock size.
Makes slram a suitable device for JFFS2.
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jdub@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This fixes u32 vs. pm_message_t in drivers/mmc, drivers/mtd and
drivers/scsi.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
Nicolas Pitre