Avoid adding kprobes to any of the kernel entry/exit or startup
assembly code, or code in the identity-mapped region. This code does
not conform to the standard C conventions, which means that the
expectations of the kprobes code is not forfilled.
Placing kprobes at some of these locations results in the kernel trying
to return to userspace addresses while retaining the CPU in kernel mode.
Tested-by: Naresh Kamboju <naresh.kamboju@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Remove the jprobes test case because jprobes is a deprecated feature.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/150976988105.2012.13618117383683725047.stgit@devbox
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
test_kretprobe() uses jprobe_func_called at the
last test, but it must check kretprobe_handler_called.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/150976985182.2012.15495311380682779381.stgit@devbox
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The text patching functions which are invoked from jump_label and kprobes
code are protected against cpu hotplug at the call sites.
Use stop_machine_cpuslocked() to avoid recursion on the cpu hotplug
rwsem. stop_machine_cpuslocked() contains a lockdep assertion to catch any
unprotected callers.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524081549.275871311@linutronix.de
kprobes test cases need to have a stack that is aligned to an 8-byte
boundary because they call other functions (and the ARM ABI mandates
that alignment) and because test cases include 64-bit accesses to the
stack. Unfortunately, GCC doesn't ensure this alignment for inline
assembler and for the code in question seems to always misalign it by
pushing just the LR register onto the stack. We therefore need to
explicitly perform stack alignment at the start of each test case.
Without this fix, some test cases will generate alignment faults on
systems where alignment is enforced. Even if the kernel is configured to
handle these faults in software, triggering them is ugly. It also
exposes limitations in the fault handling code which doesn't cope with
writes to the stack. E.g. when handling this instruction
strd r6, [sp, #-64]!
the fault handling code will write to a stack location below the SP
value at the point the fault occurred, which coincides with where the
exception handler has pushed the saved register context. This results in
corruption of those registers.
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Kprobes/arm skips single-stepping (moreover handling the event)
if the conditional instruction must not be executed. This
also apply the rule when we hit the recursing kprobe, so
that kprobe does not count nmissed up in that case.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This is arm port of commit 6a5022a56a ("kprobes/x86: Allow to
handle reentered kprobe on single-stepping")
Since the FIQ handlers can interrupt in the single stepping
(or preparing the single stepping, do_debug etc.), we should
consider a kprobe is hit in the NMI handler. Even in that
case, the kprobe is allowed to be reentered as same as the
kprobes hit in kprobe handlers
(KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE or KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE).
The real issue will happen when a kprobe hit while another
reentered kprobe is processing (KPROBE_REENTER), because
we already consumed a saved-area for the previous kprobe.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
We are going to split <linux/sched/debug.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/debug.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We are going to split <linux/sched/clock.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/clock.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Often all is needed is these small helpers, instead of compiler.h or a
full kprobes.h. This is important for asm helpers, in fact even some
asm/kprobes.h make use of these helpers... instead just keep a generic
asm file with helpers useful for asm code with the least amount of
clutter as possible.
Likewise we need now to also address what to do about this file for both
when architectures have CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES, and when they do not. Then
for when architectures have CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES but have disabled
CONFIG_KPROBES.
Right now most asm/kprobes.h do not have guards against CONFIG_KPROBES,
this means most architecture code cannot include asm/kprobes.h safely.
Correct this and add guards for architectures missing them.
Additionally provide architectures that not have kprobes support with
the default asm-generic solution. This lets us force asm/kprobes.h on
the header include/linux/kprobes.h always, but most importantly we can
now safely include just asm/kprobes.h on architecture code without
bringing the full kitchen sink of header files.
Two architectures already provided a guard against CONFIG_KPROBES on its
kprobes.h: sh, arch. The rest of the architectures needed gaurds added.
We avoid including any not-needed headers on asm/kprobes.h unless
kprobes have been enabled.
In a subsequent atomic change we can try now to remove compiler.h from
include/linux/kprobes.h.
During this sweep I've also identified a few architectures defining a
common macro needed for both kprobes and ftrace, that of the definition
of the breakput instruction up. Some refer to this as
BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION. This must be kept outside of the #ifdef
CONFIG_KPROBES guard.
[mcgrof@kernel.org: fix arm64 build]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAB=NE6X1WMByuARS4mZ1g9+W=LuVBnMDnh_5zyN0CLADaVh=Jw@mail.gmail.com
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fixup for kprobes declarations moving]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170214165933.13ebd4f4@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170203233139.32682-1-mcgrof@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is a superfluous '*' in the definition of kprobe_decode_insn_t
which on older versions of GCC (4.2.4) causes the compilation error:
In file included from arch/arm/probes/kprobes/core.c:37:
arch/arm/probes/kprobes/core.h:43: error: '[*]' not allowed in other than a declaration
Fix this by removing the unneeded character.
Reported-by: Janusz Użycki <j.uzycki@elproma.com.pl>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This patch removes software emulation or simulation for most of probed
instructions. If the instruction doesn't use PC relative addressing,
it will be translated into following instructions in the restore code
in code template:
ldmia {r0 - r14} // restore all instruction except PC
<instruction> // direct execute the probed instruction
b next_insn // branch to next instruction.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This patch utilizes the previously introduced checker to check
register usage for probed ARM instruction and saves it in a mask.
A further patch will use such information to avoid simulation or
emulation.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
For the instruction 'mrs Rn, cpsr' the resulting value of Rn can vary due to
external factors we can't control. So get the test code to mask out these
indeterminate bits.
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This patch introduce kprobeopt for ARM 32.
Limitations:
- Currently only kernel compiled with ARM ISA is supported.
- Offset between probe point and optinsn slot must not larger than
32MiB. Masami Hiramatsu suggests replacing 2 words, it will make
things complex. Futher patch can make such optimization.
Kprobe opt on ARM is relatively simpler than kprobe opt on x86 because
ARM instruction is always 4 bytes aligned and 4 bytes long. This patch
replace probed instruction by a 'b', branch to trampoline code and then
calls optimized_callback(). optimized_callback() calls opt_pre_handler()
to execute kprobe handler. It also emulate/simulate replaced instruction.
When unregistering kprobe, the deferred manner of unoptimizer may leave
branch instruction before optimizer is called. Different from x86_64,
which only copy the probed insn after optprobe_template_end and
reexecute them, this patch call singlestep to emulate/simulate the insn
directly. Futher patch can optimize this behavior.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jon Medhurst (Tixy) <tixy@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
These have extra 'checker' functions associated with them so lets make
sure those get covered by testing. As they may create uninitialised
space on the stack we also update the test code to ensure such space is
consistent between test runs. This is done by disabling interrupts in
setup_test_context().
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This patch prohibits probing instructions for which the stack
requirements are unable to be determined statically. Some test cases
are found not work again after the modification, this patch also
removes them.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This patch uses the previously introduced checker functionality on
store instructions to record their stack consumption information to
arch_probes_insn.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This patch introdces 'checker' to decoding phase, and calls checkers
when instruction decoding. This allows further decoding for specific
instructions. This patch introduces a stub call of checkers in kprobe
arch_prepare_kprobe() as an example and for further expansion.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
This doesn't correct any bugs when probing these instructions but makes
MOVW slightly faster and makes everything more symmetric with the Thumb
instruction cases.
We can also remove the now redundant PROBES_EMULATE_NONE and
PROBES_SIMULATE_NOP actions.
Signed-off-by: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Russell King